| effects of arachidonic acid and its metabolites on antigen-induced histamine release from human basophils in vitro. | | 1979 | 90097 |
| antigenic relationship between influenza c viruses. | the object of this study was to determine whether antigenic groupings exist among influenza c viruses. altogether seven influenza type c strains were examined by reciprocal haemagglutination-inhibition and serum neutralization tests with sera produced in ferrets. some biological properties were also compared and differences were found in their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes from various species, in their ability to adsorb onto rat and fowl erythrocytes, and in their rates of elution from th ... | 1978 | 104696 |
| membrane changes during growth of tetrahymena in the presence of ethanol. | after a brief lag period for acclimation, tetrahymena pyriformis, strain nt-1, is capable of growing in culture medium containing high levels of ethanol. when grown in a medium having 1.6% ethanol, the membrane phospholipid composition was significantly different from that of control cells. the principal changes included a reduction in hexadecenoic acids (16 : 1 and 16 : 2) from 23% to 5% and an increase in linoleic acid (18 : 2) from 14% to 25% similar but less pronounced changes were observed ... | 1979 | 105757 |
| [interpretation of results of serologic analyses in large animal practices]. | the backgrounds to and possibilities of serological studies for the purpose of establishing are reviewed, all this with regard to bovine disease. the serology of the virus infections infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), bovine viral diarrhoea (bvd), para-influenza virus 3 infection (pi3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brs) and chlamydia is discussed in greater detail. likewise, the interpretation of serological findings in cases of brucellosis, leptospirosis and johne's disease is deal ... | 1987 | 3554606 |
| toxicologic evaluation--from mice to man. | | 1987 | 3648609 |
| hypothalamic interaction between prostaglandins and catecholamines in promoting gonadotrophin secretion for ovulation. | | 1973 | 4202330 |
| mechanism of adrenaline-induced lipolysis in adipose tissue. | | 1974 | 4363679 |
| [ultrastructural and biochemical modifications in the rat's submaxillary salivary gland mitochondria due to administration of some toxic agents and industrial powders]. | | 1974 | 4423631 |
| use of a cortical screw in repair of fractured mandibular symphysis in the cat. | | 1974 | 4495038 |
| an environmental chamber system for prolonged metabolic studies on small animals. | | 1973 | 4771134 |
| pathogenicity and drug susceptibility of the pasteurella anatis isolated in chickens in taiwan. | a strain of pasteurella anatis (pa) was isolated from the sinus of an adult leghorn laying chicken with sinusitis, nasal discharge, drop in egg production, and low mortality, symptoms initially thought to indicate infectious coryza. the tiny, smooth, whitish colonies were identified as pa. to compare its pathogenicity with that of commercial broilers, nine groups, 10 birds per group, of 10-day-old broilers were individually inoculated with the strain of pa, pasteurella multocida (pm), or escheri ... | 2001 | 11569739 |
| genetic relationships among avian isolates classified as pasteurella haemolytica, 'actinobacillus salpingitidis' or pasteurella anatis with proposal of gallibacterium anatis gen. nov., comb. nov. and description of additional genomospecies within gallibacterium gen. nov. | bacteria of the avian [pasteurella haemolytica]-'actinobacillus salpingitidis' complex have been associated with different pathological conditions in birds, among which salpingitis and peritonitis in chickens of layer type seem to dominate. the aim of this study was to classify these bacteria by comparison of 37 strains tentatively classified as biovars of the avian [p. haemolytica]-'a. salpingitidis' complex or as pasteurella anatis. pfge, aflp and plasmid profiling showed that strains represen ... | 2003 | 12656185 |
| genetic diversity of gallibacterium anatis isolates from different chicken flocks. | amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) were used to characterize the genotypic diversity of a total of 114 gallibacterium anatis isolates originating from a reference collection representing 15 biovars from four countries and isolates obtained from tracheal and cloacal swab samples of chickens from an organic, egg-producing flock and a layer parent flock. a subset of strains was also characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and biotyping. the organic flock isolates were charact ... | 2003 | 12791918 |
| detection of gallibacterium spp. in chickens by fluorescent 16s rrna in situ hybridization. | gallibacterium has recently been included as a new genus of the family pasteurellaceae pohl 1981, which encompasses bacteria previously reported as pasteurella anatis, "actinobacillus salpingitidis," and avian pasteurella haemolytica-like organisms. so far, identification has exclusively relied on phenotypic characterization. we present a method based on a cyanine dye 3.18-labeled in situ hybridization probe targeting 16s rrna to allow specific detection of bacteria belonging to the genus gallib ... | 2003 | 14605154 |
| in vivo studies of gallibacterium anatis infection in chickens. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the pathology in normal or immunosuppressed chickens followed intravenous or intraperitoneal inoculation with a well-characterized strain of gallibacterium anatis. two groups of 30 15-week-old commercial brown laying chickens were used, having been screened and found negative for gallibacterium organisms. one group was treated with 5-fluorouracil to promote heterophil depletion, while the other was saline treated. ten days later 15 chickens from ea ... | 2004 | 15276980 |
| rapid and accurate identification of human isolates of pasteurella and related species by sequencing the soda gene. | the identification of pasteurella and related bacteria remains a challenge. here, a 449- to 473-bp fragment (soda(int)) internal to the soda gene, encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, was amplified and sequenced with a single pair of degenerate primers from the type strains of pasteurella (18 strains), gallibacterium (1 strain), and mannheimia (5 strains) species. the soda(int)-based phylogenetic tree was in general agreement with that inferred from the analysis of the correspo ... | 2005 | 15872260 |
| gallibacterium anatis-secreted metalloproteases degrade chicken igg. | gallibacterium anatis (previously named pasteurella haemolytica-like) is considered a normal inhabitant of genital and upper respiratory tracts of healthy chickens, but it is also associated with different pathological conditions. secreted metalloproteases from field and reference g. anatis cultures were obtained by methanol precipitation and were characterized. proteins of molecular mass higher than 100 kda showing proteolytic activity were observed in 10% polyacrylamide gels copolymerized with ... | 2005 | 16236577 |
| specific identification of gallibacterium by a pcr using primers targeting the 16s rrna and 23s rrna genes. | gallibacterium was recently established as a new genus including organisms previously reported as pasteurella anatis, [actinobacillus] salpingitidis and avian pasteurella haemolytica-like organisms. the aim of the present study was to develop a pcr method allowing unambiguous identification of gallibacterium. pcr primers positioned in the 16s rrna (1133fgal) and 23s rrna (114r) genes were defined and their specificity was subsequently tested on 122 strains. twenty-five of the strains represented ... | 2007 | 17350770 |
| tissue distribution of haemolytic gallibacterium anatis isolates in laying birds with reproductive disorders. | gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica has been suggested to have a causal role in peritonitis and salpingitis in chickens. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of g. anatis biovar haemolytica in chickens with reproductive disorders. one hundred and forty one birds from 31 layer flocks were submitted for necropsy and the following organs were examined for bacteria: choana, trachea, lung, heart, liver, spleen, ovary, oviduct, duodenum and cloaca. examination for es ... | 2009 | 19089694 |
| classification of the taxon 2 and taxon 3 complex of bisgaard within gallibacterium and description of gallibacterium melopsittaci sp. nov., gallibacterium trehalosifermentans sp. nov. and gallibacterium salpingitidis sp. nov. | this investigation was based on 23 isolates from several european countries collected over the past 30 years, and included characterization of all isolates. published data on amplified fragment length polymorphism typing of isolates representing all biovars as well as protein profiles were used to select strains that were then further characterized by polyamine profiling and sequencing of 16s rrna, infb, rpob and recn genes. comparison of 16s rrna gene sequences revealed a monophyletic group wit ... | 2009 | 19329598 |
| gtxa from gallibacterium anatis, a cytolytic rtx-toxin with a novel domain organisation. | gallibacterium anatis is a pathogen in chickens and other avian species where it is a significant cause of salpingitis and peritonitis. we found that bacterial cells and cell-free, filter-sterilised culture supernatant from the haemolytic g. anatis biovar haemolytica were highly cytotoxic towards avian-derived macrophage-like cells (hd11). we obtained the genome sequence of g. anatis 12656-12 and used a rational approach to identify a gene predicted to encode a 2026 amino acid rtx-toxin, which w ... | 2010 | 19954731 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and tetracycline resistance determinant genotyping of gallibacterium anatis. | the present investigation was undertaken to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of a collection of 58 gallibacterium isolates. all strains were tested by the broth dilution method using the veterinary fastidious medium. a total of 46 field strains were tested, whereof 23 were clinical isolates from 10 mexican layer flocks and another 23 isolates originated from 13 clinically healthy poultry flocks in denmark. in addition, 12 gallibacterium reference strains that had been isolated some 30-40 ... | 2011 | 20843618 |
| the rarely reported tet(31) tetracycline resistance determinant is common in gallibacterium anatis. | the present investigation was undertaken to identify and characterize the tetracycline resistance determinant in 22 gallibacterium anatis strains for which no determinant was identified using primers specific for tet(a, b, c, d, e, g, h, k, l, m, o). a recent study found tet(b) to be the most prevalent tetracycline resistance determinant in a larger collection of g. anatis field strains from mexico and denmark. however, in 41% of the tetracycline resistant strains no determinant could be assigne ... | 2010 | 21145184 |
| histopathologic findings in chickens experimentally infected with gallibacterium anatis by nasal instillation. | histologic findings in chickens experimentally infected by nasal instillation with reference strains of gallibacterium anatis are described. no clinical signs were observed in experimentally infected birds; however, sequential histologic examinations of trachea, lung, air sacs, and liver revealed lesions in all infected chickens. our observations suggest that the reference strains of g. anatis used in this experiment are capable of causing primary infection in chickens. despite that the experime ... | 2010 | 21313855 |
| complete genome sequence of gallibacterium anatis strain umn179, isolated from laying hen peritonitis. | gallibacterium anatis is a member of the normal flora of avian hosts and an important causative agent of peritonitis and salpingitis in laying hens. here we report the availability of the first completed g. anatis genome sequence of strain umn179, isolated from an iowa laying hen with peritonitis. | 2011 | 21602325 |
| identification and characterization of potential performance-related gut microbiotas in broiler chickens across various feeding trials. | three broiler feeding trials were investigated in order to identify gut bacteria consistently linked with improvements in bird performance as measured by feed efficiency. trials were done in various geographic locations and varied in diet composition, broiler breed, and bird age. gut microbial communities were investigated using microbial profiling. eight common performance-linked operational taxonomic units (otus) were identified within both the ilea (180, 492, and 564-566) and ceca (140-142, 2 ... | 2011 | 21742925 |
| [severity indexes and prognosis in intensive care. their application in diabetic hyperosmolar coma]. | | 2006 | 1635413 |
| influence of antibiotics on the faecal excretion of bile pigments in healthy subjects. | we have evaluated the effects of 10 antibiotics, given orally for 6 days to healthy subjects, on faecal excretion of urobilinogen. intake of bacitracin, vancomycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and ampicillin resulted in a pronounced suppression of the faecal excretion of urobilinogen (p less than 0.05). intake of doxycycline, metronidazole, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole had no significant effect. the effects of three antibiotics-ampicillin, clindamycin, and metroni ... | 2013 | 3775264 |
| [research on the significance of the electrocardiographic changes caused by orthostatism in patients with neurocirculatory asthenia]. | | 2016 | 4759269 |
| the philosophical basis of medicine as a philosophical question. | | 2013 | 3660278 |
| atp-dependent degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase in permeabilized cells. | a system for the assay of 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl (hmg) coenzyme a (coa) reductase in digitonin-permeabilized chinese hamster ovary cells is described. under these conditions, hmg-coa reductase remained intact and associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, and values for km (hmg-coa), ki (mevinolin), and active/total activity were similar to those seen in sonicated cell preparations. however, the mechanism by which this rapidly turned over (half-life approximately 2 h) enzyme is degraded was d ... | 2013 | 3584146 |
| enlarging the pool of flexible sigmoidoscopists. | | 2014 | 4060860 |
| pre-school children of amphetamine-addicted mothers. ii. environment and supportive social welfare. | sixty-five children, whose 63 mothers took amphetamine during pregnancy, were followed prospectively with regard to their environmental conditions, during their first four years of life. nine of the 16 mothers, who gave up drug-taking in early pregnancy, were able to remain drug-free until their children reached four years of age. all but three of the remaining 47 mothers have continued to be addicts. twenty-two of 52 children (42%), who had initially been left in the care of their mothers, were ... | 2014 | 3993363 |
| [the effect of cardiovascular pathology in the mother on the state of cerebral circulation in the newborn]. | | 2015 | 4658567 |
| counselling on smoking. | | 2013 | 3719492 |
| malaria in africa. changes in continuity. international colloquium. 14-15 december 1984, antwerpen, belgium. | | 2014 | 4073975 |
| predictive value of disopyramide provocation in chronic bifascicular block--long-term follow-up with a bradycardia indicating pacemaker. | | 2014 | 4029986 |
| anatomy and electrophysiology of neurons terminating in the corpora allata of the cockroach diploptera punctata. | intracellular recording and dye injection were used to study the structure and electrophysiological properties of individual neurons that project to the corpora allata of the cockroach, diploptera punctata. neurons in the pars intercerebralis generate long-duration, tetrodotoxin-sensitive action potentials. dye injection revealed two cell types. one type extends axons to the contralateral nervi corporis cardiaci i, some of which innervate the corpora allata, and another type extends a major axon ... | 2013 | 3624539 |
| plasma 1,25(oh)2 vitamin d concentrations in nutritional osteomalacia. | | 1999 | 89299 |
| motor-transformation learning. | | 2015 | 4462078 |
| the provenance of cells in sarcomas induced in chimaeric mice. | | 2013 | 3801280 |
| abnormal cellular immune responses during acquired zinc deficiency. | the cellular immune response of a 17-year-old decerebrate male with acquired zinc deficiency was studied. he had been fed a commercial formula which contained 7.6 mg zinc per kilogram. his caloric intake had been inadequate as judged by his cachexia. a detailed pretreatment nutritional assessment (five separate observations) which included total serum protein and globulins, albumin, folate, vitamins a, b2, c, ceruloplasmin, and plasma zinc, copper, iron, and total iron binding capacity revealed ... | 2003 | 156494 |
| left ventricular performance in alcoholic patients without chronic liver disease. | left ventricular performance was studied non-invasively in 24 chronic alcoholics without liver disease. twelve patients who had abstained from drinking for at least one month (group a) and 12 sex and age matched patients who had ceased drinking during the preceding 24 hours (group b) were studied at rest and during 50% submaximal exercise. cardiac output and stroke volume were measured by first passage and left ventricular ejection fraction by multigated radionuclide cardiography. twelve healthy ... | 2013 | 3676021 |
| [an error to be avoided: excision of an ectopic thyroid]. | | 2016 | 4766669 |
| reconstruction after total gastrectomy: construction of a hunt-lawrence pouch using auto suture staples. | a simple gastric reservoir using autosuture staples can be constructed rapidly after total gastrectomy. the importance of both a reservoir capacity and delayed evacuation was supported by the clinical course of most of the patients. all 18 patients had improved nutrition. patients resected for cure tended to have greater weight gain and less abdominal discomfort. occasionally patients who underwent only palliative resection were long-term survivors with a clinical course similar to that of patie ... | 2001 | 88184 |
| impact of long-term home care on mortality, functional status, and unmet needs. | this article reports the outcomes of a four-year follow-up evaluation of the five hospital program, a long-term home care program in chicago. outcomes assessed include the mortality, comprehensive functional status, and perceived unmet needs of its frail elderly clientele (mean age 81 years at entry). the evaluation utilized a pretest, multiple posttest design with a comparison group consisting of similarly elderly and impaired individuals receiving oaa title iii-c home-delivered meals. consecut ... | 2011 | 3133324 |
| [improved diagnosis of extrauterine pregnancy by endosonography]. | between july 1987 and january 1988, 44 patients with a tentative diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy underwent sonographic examination by means of vaginal probe at the department of gynecology and obstetrics of the rwth aachen. the sonographic findings, all of which were confirmed by subsequent clinical and or surgical clarification, were as follows: an ectopic pregnancy was diganosed in 16 cases, an early intrauterine pregnancy in seven, an intrauterine abortion in seven, and in one case a uterine m ... | 2011 | 3041693 |
| community psychiatry without mental hospitals--the italian experience: a review. | | 2013 | 3795212 |
| the midface degloving procedure. | | 2016 | 4809551 |
| biochar, bentonite and zeolite supplemented feeding of layer chickens alters intestinal microbiota and reduces campylobacter load. | a range of feed supplements, including antibiotics, have been commonly used in poultry production to improve health and productivity. alternative methods are needed to suppress pathogen loads and maintain productivity. as an alternative to antibiotics use, we investigated the ability of biochar, bentonite and zeolite as separate 4% feed additives, to selectively remove pathogens without reducing microbial richness and diversity in the gut. neither biochar, bentonite nor zeolite made any signific ... | 2016 | 27116607 |
| natural transformation of gallibacterium anatis. | gallibacterium anatis is a pathogen of poultry. very little is known about its genetics and pathogenesis. to enable the study of gene function in g. anatis, we have established methods for transformation and targeted mutagenesis. the genus gallibacterium belongs to the pasteurellaceae, a group with several naturally transformable members, including haemophilus influenzae. bioinformatics analysis identified g. anatis homologs of the h. influenzae competence genes, and natural competence was induc ... | 2012 | 22582057 |
| in silico prediction of gallibacterium anatis pan-immunogens. | the gram-negative bacterium gallibacterium anatis is a major cause of salpingitis and peritonitis in commercial egg-layers, leading to reduced egg production and increased mortality. unfortunately, widespread multidrug resistance and antigenic diversity makes it difficult to control infections and novel prevention strategies are urgently needed. in this study, a pan-genomic reverse vaccinology (rv) approach was used to identify potential vaccine candidates. firstly, the genomes of 10 selected ga ... | 2014 | 25223320 |
| bacterial determinants of importance in the virulence of gallibacterium anatis in poultry. | gallibacterium anatis, a member of the pasteurellaceae family, constitute a part of the normal micro-flora of the upper respiratory tract and the lower genital tract in chickens. however, increasing evidence indicate that g. anatis is also associated with a wide range of pathological changes, particularly in the reproductive organs, which leads to decreased egg production, lowered animal welfare and increased mortality. as a recently defined opportunistic pathogen limited focus has been placed o ... | 2015 | 26063044 |
| coinfection of avibacterium paragallinarum and gallibacterium anatis in specific-pathogen-free chickens complicates clinical signs of infectious coryza, which can be prevented by vaccination. | avibacterium paragallinarum and gallibacterium anatis are recognized bacterial pathogens both infecting the respiratory tract of chickens. the present study investigated outcomes of their coinfection by elucidating clinical signs, pathologic lesions, and bacteriologic findings. additionally, the efficacy of a commercially available vaccine to prevent diseases caused by a. paragallinarum and g. anatis was evaluated. birds inoculated with g. anatis alone did not present any clinical signs and gros ... | 2017 | 28301236 |
| identification of a hemagglutinin from gallibacterium anatis. | gallibacterium anatis has the ability to hemagglutinate rabbit erythrocytes; however, no bacterial component has yet been associated with this function. in the present work, a protein of approximately 65 kda with hemagglutinating activity for glutaraldehyde-fixed chicken erythrocytes was purified by ion interchange chromatography from g. anatis f149(t) secreted proteins. the protein was recognized by a rabbit polyclonal serum against a hemagglutinin from avibacterium paragallinarum. the 65 kda p ... | 2016 | 26729352 |
| [relevance and diagnostics of selected bacterial pathogens of poultry]. | this paper provides an overview of diseases caused by bordetella avium, gallibacterium anatis, ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, riemerella anatipestifer and enterococcus cecorum in poultry flocks. these bacterial species are almost exclusively found in birds. their identification with biochemical methods is described and alternative molecular biological methods are discussed. | 2012 | 22526722 |
| aberrant clinical appearance and pathomorphology noticed during an outbreak of histomonosis indicates a different pathogenesis of histomonas meleagridis genotype 2. | the present case report describes a remarkable feature of histomonas meleagridis characterized by aberrant clinical appearance and pathomorphologic lesions, which were mainly confined to the ceca, noticed during a field outbreak of histomonosis. in a flock of meat turkey toms, sudden death was noticed at the end of week 5 in the absence of specific clinical signs. instead of the well-known sulfur-colored feces, some caseous cores were found in the litter. mortality up to 17% per week was noticed ... | 2015 | 26478167 |
| genome analysis and phylogenetic relatedness of gallibacterium anatis strains from poultry. | peritonitis is the major disease problem of laying hens in commercial table egg and parent stock operations. despite its importance, the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease have not been completely clarified. although avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec) isolates have been incriminated as the causative agent of laying hen peritonitis, gallibacterium anatis are frequently isolated from peritonitis lesions. despite recent studies suggesting a role for g. anatis in the pathogenesis of per ... | 2013 | 23359626 |
| [gallibacterium anatis pulmonary abscess]. | | 2017 | 27894516 |
| outer membrane vesicles of gallibacterium anatis induce protective immunity in egg-laying hens. | gallibacterium anatis causes infections in the reproductive tract of egg-laying hens and induce increased mortality and decreased egg production. new prophylactic measures are needed in order to improve animal welfare and production efficiency. bacterial outer membrane vesicles (omvs) have previously shown promising results in protection against infections and we hypothesized that omvs could serve as an immunogen to protect egg-laying hens against g. anatis. to investigate the immunogenic potent ... | 2016 | 27771057 |
| commensal or pathogen - a challenge to fulfil koch's postulates. | 1. infectious diseases have a large impact on poultry health and economics. elucidating the pathogenesis of a certain disease is crucial to implement control strategies. 2. multiplication of a pathogen and its characterisation in vitro are basic requirements to perform experimental studies. however, passaging of the pathogen in vitro can influence the pathogenicity, a process targeted for live vaccine development, but limits the reproduction of clinical signs. 3. numerous factors can influence t ... | 2017 | 27724044 |
| culture-independent identification and quantification of gallibacterium anatis (g. anatis) by real-time quantitative pcr. | gallibacterium is a genus within the family pasteurellaceae characterized by a high level of phenotypic and genetic diversity. no diagnostic method has yet been described, which allows species-specific identification of gallibacterium anatis. the aim of this study was to develop a real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) method allowing species-specific identification and quantification of g. anatis. a g. anatis specific dna sequence was identified in the gyrase subunit b gene (gyrb) and used to design ... | 2016 | 27171757 |
| recombinant proteins from gallibacterium anatis induces partial protection against heterologous challenge in egg-laying hens. | gallibacterium anatis is a gram-negative bacterium and major cause of salpingitis and peritonitis in egg-laying hens, thereby contributing to decreased egg production and increased mortality among the hens. due to widespread drug resistance and antigenic diversity, novel prophylactic measures are urgently required. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the cross-protective capacity of three recombinant proteins recently identified as potential vaccine candidates; gtxa-n, gtxa-c, and flfa, ... | 2016 | 26915521 |
| immunogenic and protective efficacy of recombinant protein gtxa-n against gallibacterium anatis challenge in chickens. | gallibacterium anatis is a major cause of reproductive tract infections in chickens. here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the recombinant protein gtxa-n at protecting hens, by addressing three objectives; (i) evaluating the antibody response following immunization (ii) scoring and comparing lesions, following challenge with g. anatis, in immunized and non-immunized hens and (iii) investigating if the anti-gtxa-n antibody titre in individual hens correlated with the observed lesions. two co ... | 2015 | 26443063 |
| the systemic multiplication of gallibacterium anatis in experimentally infected chickens is promoted by immunosuppressive drugs which have a less specific effect on the depletion of leukocytes. | the progression of gallibacterium anatis infection in immunosuppressed versus immunocompetent chickens was investigated. before experimental infection, birds were treated with corticosterone for general immunosuppression, or 5-fluorouracil, cyclosporine-a, cyclophosphamide for depletion of specific leukocyte populations. necropsy and sampling were performed at 0, 3, 7, 10 and 28 days post infection. the used drugs did not cause selected depletion of b cells, t cells, heterophils and monocytes/ma ... | 2015 | 26004945 |
| chaperone-usher fimbriae in a diverse selection of gallibacterium genomes. | fimbriae are bacterial cell surface organelles involved in the pathogenesis of many bacterial species, including gallibacterium anatis, in which a f17-like fimbriae of the chaperone-usher (cu) family was recently shown to be an important virulence factor and vaccine candidate. to reveal the distribution and variability of cu fimbriae 22 genomes of the avian host-restricted bacteria gallibacterium spp. were investigated. fimbrial clusters were classified using phylogeny-based and conserved domain ... | 2014 | 25495603 |
| pathogenesis of gallibacterium anatis in a natural infection model fulfils koch's postulates: 2. epididymitis and decreased semen quality are the predominant effects in specific pathogen free cockerels. | pathogenesis of gallibacterium anatis was investigated in specific pathogen free cockerels. birds aged 35 weeks were infected intranasally with g. anatis whereas negative controls were left uninfected. following infection, necropsy, bacteriological and histopathological investigations were performed in birds killed at 3, 7, 10, 28 and 38 days post infection (d.p.i.). additionally, semen samples were collected twice a week until 5 weeks post infection for quality assessment. no clinical signs and ... | 2014 | 25246024 |
| pathogenesis of gallibacterium anatis in a natural infection model fulfils koch's postulates: 1. folliculitis and drop in egg production are the predominant effects in specific pathogen free layers. | pathogenicity of gallibacterium anatis was studied in specific pathogen free layers in a controlled environment, applying the intranasal route for experimental infection. at 30 weeks, 37 hens were infected with 0.4 ml of 1.53 × 10(8) colony-forming units/ml suspension of g. anatis strain 07990 whereas equal numbers of hens were left uninfected for control. following experimental infection, clinical signs and the number and weight of the eggs were recorded daily until 5 weeks post infection. thre ... | 2014 | 25144260 |
| performance of a commercial chicken-ovo-transferrin-elisa on the serum of brown layer chickens infected with gallibacterium anatis and streptococcus zooepidemicus. | to evaluate ovo-transferrin (otf), a positive acute-phase protein in chickens, as a diagnostic biomarker of selected bacterial infections we checked the performance of a commercial chicken-otf-elisa (icl, inc., portland, or, usa) by analytical and overlap performances using two groups of serum samples obtained from 26 gallibacterium anatis-infected and 20 streptococcus zooepidemicus-infected brown layer chickens. in addition, sera from 14 apparently healthy and 19 negative control chickens were ... | 2014 | 24313352 |
| a 5-year retrospective report of gallibacterium anatis and pasteurella multocida isolates from chickens in mississippi. | a 5-yr retrospective study (november 2006-december 2011) was conducted to determine the isolation frequency of pasteurella multocida and gallibacterium anatis and their antibiograms from chickens submitted to the mississippi poultry research and diagnostic laboratory. the number of isolations of g. anatis increased over the last 5 yr in broiler and broiler breeder type chickens. for p. multocida, the number of isolations increased from 2006 to 2010, but decreased through 2011 with all isolations ... | 2013 | 24235226 |
| draft genome sequence of gallibacterium anatis bv. haemolytica 12656-12 liver, an isolate obtained from the liver of a septicemic chicken. | we report the draft genome sequence of gallibacterium anatis bv. haemolytica strain 12656-12 liver. this strain was isolated from the liver of a septicemic layer chicken in denmark in 1981. the strain has been used extensively for experimental purposes. | 2013 | 24115542 |
| assessing pathogenicity of gallibacterium anatis in a natural infection model: the respiratory and reproductive tracts of chickens are targets for bacterial colonization. | two separate bird trials were performed to establish a reliable route of infection for gallibacterium anatis in chickens, comparing intranasal (i.n.) and intravenous (i.v.) applications. additionally, three mutually divergent isolates from three geographical locations, as shown by maldi-tof-ms and partial rpob gene sequence analysis, were compared. in the first trial, birds were infected with one of the selected isolates by the i.v. or i.n. route. subsequently, birds were killed 3, 12 and 24 h p ... | 2013 | 24098932 |
| outer membrane vesicles reflect environmental cues in gallibacterium anatis. | the gram-negative bacterium gallibacterium anatis is a major cause of salpingitis and peritonitis in egg-laying chickens, leading to decreased egg-production worldwide. increased knowledge of the pathogenesis and virulence factors is important to better understand and prevent the negative effects of g. anatis. to this end outer membrane vesicles (omvs) are natural secretion products of gram-negative bacteria, displaying an enormous functional diversity and promising results as vaccine candidates ... | 2013 | 24090812 |
| gallibacterium anatis bacteremia in a human. | we describe the first case of bacteremia due to gallibacterium anatis. the patient, a 26-year-old woman, developed bacteremia and diarrhea. the origin of infection was possibly due to a diet contaminated by g. anatis in this highly immunocompromised patient. | 2013 | 23966514 |
| the fimbrial protein flfa from gallibacterium anatis is a virulence factor and vaccine candidate. | the gram-negative bacterium gallibacterium anatis is a major cause of salpingitis and peritonitis in egg-laying chickens, leading to decreased egg production worldwide. widespread multidrug resistance largely prevents treatment of this organism using traditional antimicrobial agents, while antigenic diversity hampers disease prevention by classical vaccines. thus, insight into its pathogenesis and knowledge about important virulence factors is urgently required. a key event during the colonizati ... | 2013 | 23509151 |
| development and preliminary application of a quantitative pcr assay for detecting gtxa-containing gallibacterium species in chickens. | a quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay using sybr green i was developed based on the published sequence of the gtxa gene from gallibacterium anatis. this method produced reliable specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability. the detection rate of gallibacterium in 181 clinical samples was 36.5% (66/181) by qpcr, which was superior to the detection rate of gallibacterium-specific pcr (0/181) and an isolation and identification assay (18.2% or 33/181). no association was found between the prevalence of ga ... | 2012 | 22856188 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry confirms clonal lineages of gallibacterium anatis between chicken flocks. | gallibacterium anatis has been suggested to have a causal role in the salpingitis/peritonitis complex in chickens, beside its isolation from the respiratory tract. as g. anatis strains from different flocks were compared by maldi-tof ms proteomic phenotyping it could be demonstrated that in most flocks one clonal lineage was present. this finding is also reflected by data achieved when isolates from different organs within a bird generally belong to the same clonal lineage. in addition, it was a ... | 2012 | 22728126 |