| a tissue culture assay for direct detection of sodium channel blocking toxins in bacterial culture supernates. | a quantitative assay for sodium channel blocking toxins such as tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin has been developed for use with a microtitre plate reader. mouse neuroblastoma cells, which die rapidly in the presence of ouabain and veratridine, were protected by tetrodotoxin; surviving cells were detected by their uptake of the vital dye neutral red which was quantified with a microtitre plate reader at 540 nm. a sigmoidal dose response curve was obtained and tetrodotoxin concentrations were readily m ... | 1992 | 1320584 |
| towards a phylogeny of the genus vibrio based on 16s rrna sequences. | the inter- and intrageneric relationships of the genus vibrio were investigated by performing a comparative analysis of the 16s rrnas of 10 species, including four pathogenic representatives. the results of immunological and 5s rrna studies were confirmed in that the genus is a neighboring taxon of the family enterobacteriaceae. with regard to the intrageneric structure, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio campbellii, vibrio natriegens, vibrio harveyi, vibrio proteolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and ... | 1992 | 1371064 |
| taxonomy of four marine bacterial strains that produce tetrodotoxin. | four strains of tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria isolated from a red alga and from pufferfish were characterized. two of these strains are members of the genus listonella macdonell and colwell. the phenotypic characteristics, guanine-plus-cytosine contents, and base sequences of the 16s rrnas of these organisms indicated that they are members of listonella pelagia (vibrio pelagius) biovar ii. the other two strains are members of the genus alteromonas baumann et al. and the genus shewanella macdon ... | 1990 | 2275851 |
| occurrence and distribution of vibrio spp., listonella spp., and clostridium botulinum in the seto inland sea of japan. | the distribution of vibrio species in samples of surface water, bottom water (water 2 m above the sediment), and sediment from the seto inland sea was studied. a simple technique using a membrane filter and short preenrichment in alkaline peptone water was developed to resuscitate the injured cells, followed by plating them onto tcbs agar. in addition, a survey was conducted to determine the incidence of clostridium botulinum in sediment samples. large populations of heterotrophs were found in s ... | 1989 | 2648988 |
| characterization of toxigenic vibrios isolated from the freshwater environment of hiroshima, japan. | the occurrence and characterization of toxigenic vibrios in surface water and sediment samples of the fresh water environment of the ohta river were studied. the membrane filter, pad preenrichment technique, followed by the placement of membranes onto thiosulfate citrate-bile salt-sucrose agar, was used for the enumeration of total vibrios. qualitative examination of pathogenic vibrios was also attempted. in addition, a survey was conducted to determine the incidence of clostridium botulinum in ... | 1989 | 2690736 |
| nucleotide sequence of the 5s rrna from listonella (vibrio) ordalii atcc 33509 and listonella (vibrio) tubiashii atcc 19105. | | 1988 | 3368324 |
| characteristics of porin-like major outer membrane proteins of listonella anguillara serotypes j-o-1, -2 and -3. | major outer membrane protein (momp) was prepared from fish pathogen listonella anguillara. triton x-100 treatment could extract the momp from the bacterium but not from escherichia coli, suggesting loose association of the momp of l. anguillara to the membrane. properties of purified momp from l. anguillara were similar to omp c porin of e. coli. similar antigenicity of the porin like-momp was found among different serotypes of l. anguillara, although the molecular sizes of the momp were differe ... | 1994 | 8038711 |
| cloning and detection of the hemolysin gene of vibrio anguillarum. | a 5 kb dna fragment encoding a hemolysin was cloned from the fish pathogenic bacterium vibrio anguillarum using the cosmid vector charomid9-36. an open reading frame of the hemolysin gene (vah1) was 2253 bp and corresponded to a protein of 751 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence of the vah1 gene and the previously reported vibrio cholerae ei tor hemolysin, v. vulnificus cytolysin-hemolysin, aeromonas hydrophila ahh1 hemolysin, and a. salmonicida ash4 hemolysin showed a significa ... | 1996 | 8878014 |
| the effects of salinity on the interaction between a pathogen (listonella anguillarum) and components of a host (ostrea edulis) immune system. | data are presented from a study to determine how salinity may modulate the interactions between an opportunistic bacterial pathogen listonella anguillarum and the immune system of a bivalve host, the european flat oyster ostrea edulis. oysters were acclimated to three salinity regimes (32, 25 and 16%, at 15 degrees c) for 7 days within the laboratory and were then inoculated with a sub-lethal dose of live l. anguillarum. forty-eight hours after inoculation measurements were made of the changes i ... | 2000 | 11079374 |
| development of a pcr-based method for the detection of listonella anguillarum in fish tissues and blood samples. | a pcr assay for detection and identification of the fish pathogen listonella anguillarum was developed. primers amplifying a 519 bp internal fragment of the l. anguillarum rpon gene, which codes for the factor sigma54, were utilized. the detection limit of the pcr using l. anguillarum pure cultures was approximately 1 to 10 bacterial cells per reaction. for tissue or blood samples of infected turbot scophthalmus maximus, the detection limit was 10 to 100 l. anguillarum cells per reaction, which ... | 2003 | 12911058 |
| interaction of the phihsic virus with its host: lysogeny or pseudolysogeny? | the marine phage phihsic has been previously reported to enter into a lysogenic relationship with its host, hsic, identified as listonella pelagia. this phage produces a variety of plaques on its host, including turbid and haloed plaques, from which lysogens were previously isolated. these lysogens were unstable during long-term storage at -80( degrees ) c and were lost. when hsic was reinfected with phage phihsic, pseudolysogen-like interactions between the phage and its host were observed. the ... | 2001 | 11282621 |
| a study on the prevalence of gram-negative bacteria in bulk tank milk. | bulk tank milk from 131 dairy herds in eastern south dakota and western minnesota were examined for coliforms and noncoliform bacteria. coliforms were detected in 62.3% of bulk tank milk samples. counts ranged from 0 to 4.7 log10 cfu/ml. the mean count was 3.4 log10 cfu/ml. gram-negative noncoliform bacteria were observed in 76.3% of bulk tank milk. counts ranged from 0 to 6.2 log10 cfu/ml. the mean count was 4.8 log10 cfu/ml. a total of 234 isolates from bulk tank milk were examined to species ... | 1999 | 10629809 |
| a comparison of the chemiluminescent response of crassostrea virginica and morone saxatilis phagocytes to zymosan and viable listonella anguillarum. | if reactive oxygen species (ros) produced by hemocytes of the eastern oyster, crassostrea virginica, impart bactericidal activity, exposure of hemocytes to bacteria should result in increased ros generation. in an earlier study, this hypothesis was tested using luminol- and lucigenin-augmented chemiluminescence (cl) to measure ros production. the bacterium listonella anguillarum did not stimulate a net increase in hemocyte-derived cl, and it was suggested that bacterial antioxidants might suppre ... | 1998 | 9617583 |
| rpon of the fish pathogen vibrio (listonella) anguillarum is essential for flagellum production and virulence by the water-borne but not intraperitoneal route of inoculation. | to investigate the involvement of rpon in flagellum production and pathogenicity of vibrio (listonella) anguillarum, the rpon gene was cloned and sequenced. the deduced product of the rpon gene displayed strong homology to the alternative sigma 54 factor (rpon) of numerous species of bacteria. in addition, partial sequencing of rpon-linked orfs revealed a marked resemblance to similarly located orfs in other bacterial species. a polar insertion or an in-frame deletion in the coding region of rpo ... | 1997 | 9421909 |
| [recent knowledge on fish pathogenic bacteria aeromonas salmonicida, listonella anguillara and cytophaga columnaris, and their virulence factors]. | | 1997 | 9155200 |
| bacterial vaccines for fish--an update of the current situation worldwide. | during the last few years, the use of vaccines for disease prevention in aquaculture has expanded both with regard to the number of fish species and number of microbial diseases. according to the responses to a questionnaire received from 41 countries, vaccination is used in the commercial aquaculture of species like atlantic salmon (salmo salar), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax), sea bream (sparus aurata), barramundi (lates calcarifer), tilapia (tilapia spp), ... | 2005 | 15962470 |
| typing of the fish pathogen listonella (vibrio) anguillara by pyrolysis mass spectrometry. | twenty-eight representatives of listonella (vibrio) anguillara serovars o1, o2 and o3 were compared by curie-point pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms). the representatives of serovars o1 and o3 formed discrete, homogeneous groups in ordination plots of the pyms data. strains from serovar o2 were recovered in two groups, one of which encompassed six strains including the type strain of the species and the reference strain for serovar o2, and the other included two strains which showed cross-reacti ... | 1997 | 9060156 |
| cloning of a crustin-like, single whey-acidic-domain, antibacterial peptide from the haemocytes of the european lobster, homarus gammarus, and its response to infection with bacteria. | degenerate pcr was used to isolate a 221-base pair nucleotide sequence of a new crustin-like antibacterial peptide from the haemocytes of the european lobster, homarus gammarus. rapid amplification of cdna ends was used to extend the sequence to determine the complete open reading frame and un-translated regions. the inferred amino acid sequence of this peptide was found to be similar to crustin-like peptides isolated for several species of shrimp as well as the shore crab, carcinus maenas. the ... | 2006 | 16144710 |
| impact of environmental stressors on the dynamics of disease transmission. | infectious disease within outmigrant juvenile salmon in the columbia river basin is modulated, in part, by abiotic stressors that influence host-susceptibility. through the application of a dose-structured population dynamic model, we show that chemical (both in the river and in the estuary) and in-river (e.g., dams and/or predation) stressors influence host-susceptibility, increasing the mean force of infection (defined as the per capita acquisition rate of infection) by a factor of 2.2 and 1.6 ... | 2005 | 16201666 |
| subclinical listonella anguillarum infection does not impair recovery of swimming performance in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | this study examines whether injections of the commonly used bacterial-challenge pathogen listonella anguillarum (formerly vibrio anguillarum) negatively impact the ability of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum to perform repeat swimming trials. fish were given intraperitoneal injections of either a sub-lethal (10(5) colony forming units; cfus) or a lethal (10(7) cfus) dose of l. anguillarum, held for 48 h, and then given 2 successive ramp critical swimming speed (ucrit) tests separated by ... | 2005 | 16385812 |
| efficacy of orally administered flumequine in the treatment of vibriosis caused by listonella anguillarum in atlantic cod gadus morhua. | the efficacy of orally administered flumequine in the treatment of experimentally induced vibriosis in atlantic cod gadus morhua was investigated. cod (mean +/- sd, 120 +/- 30 g) were randomly distributed to twelve tanks and bath challenged for 1 h with listonella anguillarum serotype o2alpha, strain hi-610, using a dose of 9.2 x 10(6) cfu ml(-1). at 3 d post-challenge, medication was introduced in 10 of the groups at doses of 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 25 mg flumequine kg(-1) body weight d(-1) in dupli ... | 2005 | 16385813 |
| antigenicity and n-terminal amino acid sequence of a 35 kda porin-like protein of listonella (vibrio) anguillarum: comparison among different serotypes and other bacterial species. | listonella (vibrio) anguillarum, an important fish pathogen, is divided into 10 serotypes according to o-antigens present on the outer membrane. however, the biochemical and immunological properties of porin proteins have not been reported. in this study, the antigenicity and n-terminal amino acid sequence of the 35 kda porin-like-major outer membrane protein (omp35la) were compared among different serotypes of l. anguillarum as well as other bacteria. in western blotting analysis, antisera agai ... | 1996 | 8987710 |
| multiple whole bacterial antigens in polyvalent vaccine may result in inhibition of specific responses in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the goal of fish vaccination today is to protect fish against multiple bacterial fish pathogens simultaneously using polyvalent vaccines. however, many immunological processes such as antigenic cross-reaction, antigenic competition, affinity maturation and antigen-induced suppression may affect the specificity, avidity and level of antibodies. consequently, the biological function of antibodies may be markedly different from that predicted by conventional serologic tests. here, we investigated t ... | 2007 | 16849036 |
| vibrio trachuri sp. nov., a new species isolated from diseased japanese horse mackerel. | a new species, vibrio trachuri sp. nov., was isolated from the cultured japanese horse mackerel (trachurus japonicus). these vibrio were gram negative, motile rods and formed yellow colonies on btb teepol and tcbs plate, turned tsi medium to yellow and was sensitive to 150 microm o/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl pteridine phosphate) like listonella anguillarum which has been described as vibrio anguillarum. however, the results of vp test and decarboxylation of lysine or dihydrolation of argin ... | 1995 | 8657009 |
| phylogenetic relationships of marine bacteria, mainly members of the family vibrionaceae, determined on the basis of 16s rrna sequences. | the phylogenetic relationships of 50 reference strains, mostly marine bacteria which require na+ for growth, were determined on the basis of 600 16s rrna nucleotides by using reverse transcriptase sequencing. strains belonging to 10 genera were included (four genera of the family vibrionaceae, the genus aeromonas of the family aeromonadaceae, and the genera alteromonas, marinomonas, shewanella, pseudomonas, and deleya). the sequences were aligned, the similarity values and evolutionary distance ... | 1993 | 8427811 |
| phylogenetic relationships between some members of the genera deleya, halomonas, and halovibrio. | the genera halomonas and deleya, which constitute the family halomonadaceae, are difficult to differentiate on the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic attributes. dna-rrna hybridization studies have indicated that some halomonas spp. have the same level of relationship to the type species of the genus deleya as some deleya spp. a phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna sequences of seven members of the halomonadaceae indicated that the members of the genera halomonas and deleya do not form sepa ... | 1993 | 8240950 |
| cloning and sequencing of the histidine decarboxylase gene from photobacterium phosphoreum and its functional expression in escherichia coli. | the major causative agent of scombroid poisoning is histamine formed by bacterial decarboxylation of histidine. we reported previously that histamine was exclusively formed by the psychrotrophic halophilic bacteria photobacterium phosphoreum in scombroid fish during storage at or below 10 degrees c. moreover, histamine-forming ability was affected by two histidine decarboxylases (hdcs): constitutive and inducible enzymes. in this study, the gene encoding p. phosphoreum hdc was cloned into escher ... | 2006 | 16924898 |
| sequence determination of rrna genes of pathogenic vibrio species and whole-cell identification of vibrio vulnificus with rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes. | a comparative analysis of seven new 16s rrna gene sequences of pathogenic vibrio species with previously published vibrio sequences confirmed that vibrio vulnificus represents a group that is not closely related to the core organisms of the genus vibrio. in addition, we found that v. vulnificus, listonella (vibrio) anguillarum and vibrio diazotrophicus branch off separately from the core group. a comparison of the 16s rrna gene sequences of v. vulnificus strains belonging to biotypes 1 and 2 rev ... | 1994 | 8186099 |
| presence of a lethal protease in the extracellular products of vibrio splendidus-vibrio lentus related strains. | the presence of a lethal extracellular 39-kda protease, a virulence determinant of a listonella pelagia strain which produces vibriosis in turbot, was determined in the extracellular products (ecp) of 33 vibrionaceae strains. both immunological and enzymatic techniques distinguished this specific protease from other vibrionaceae proteins. it was detected in 15% (5/33) of the ecps assayed belonging to strains of the vibrio splendidus-v. lentus related group isolated in galician aquaculture system ... | 2006 | 17169102 |
| decrease in culturability of vibrio cholerae caused by glucose. | the culturability of vibrio cholerae o1 serotype inaba strain 569b was decreased by the addition of glucose to cell suspensions in starvation media. a similar effect was observed with sucrose, maltose, and fructose. we term this inhibitory effect glucose shock. it was not observed with arabinose or xylose or with carboxylates, such as acetate and pyruvate. no acidification of the medium occurred in the presence of these carbohydrates. glucose shock was prevented by the addition of nitrogen or ph ... | 1995 | 7618870 |
| nucleotide sequence of the 5s rrna from listonella (vibrio) aestuarianus atcc 35048. | | 1987 | 3822846 |
| the cdna cloning and mrna expression of cytoplasmic cu, zn superoxide dismutase (sod) gene in scallop chlamys farreri. | cu, zn superoxide dismutases (sods) are metalloenzymes that represent one important line of defence against reactive oxygen species (ros). a cytoplasmic cu, zn sod cdna sequence was cloned from scallop chlamys farreri by the homology-based cloning technique. the full-length cdna of scallop cytoplasmic cu, zn sod (designated cfsod) was 1022 bp with a 459 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 153 amino acids. the predicted amino acid sequence of cfsod shared high identity with cytoplasmi ... | 2007 | 17574438 |
| further study on polyamine compositions in vibrionaceae. | it has previously been reported that norspermidine, one of the unusual polyamines, is present in vibrio species. to expand this observation, the cellular polyamine compositions of additional species and strains in the family vibrionaceae (vibrio, photobacterium, listonella, and shewanella) as well as aeromonas species and plesiomonas shigelloides, which have been proposed to be excluded from vibrionacea, were determined by using gas-liquid chromatography. some vibrio species previously reported ... | 1991 | 2059921 |
| innate immune gene expression in individual zebrafish after listonella anguillarum inoculation. | zebrafish were intraperitoneally injected with 10(6)cfu (ld50) listonella anguillarum. three inoculated and control fish were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 22h post infection (hpi) and the expression of genes related to the immune response (il1b, cebpb, tfa, mpx, tnfa, nitr9, tlr22, hsc70, cp, mrlp1, c3b and lyz) in each fish was monitored by means of real-time rt-pcr. a similar experiment was performed considering an intermediate time point at 15 hpi. different relative levels of expression were ... | 2007 | 17804254 |
| evaluation of the genus listonella and reassignment of listonella damsela (love et al.) macdonell and colwell to the genus photobacterium as photobacterium damsela comb. nov. with an emended description. | the genus listonella, which was recently described on the basis of 5s rrna sequence data, was found to be of dubious value on the basis of the results of a comparison of a number of taxonomic studies involving members of the vibrionaceae. the available data suggest that 5s rrna sequences may be of limited taxonomic use at the intra- and intergeneric levels, at least for apparently recently evolved groups, such as the vibrionaceae. in this light, we assessed the generic assignment of the species ... | 1991 | 1742198 |
| immunological alterations in juvenile pacific herring, clupea pallasi, exposed to aqueous hydrocarbons derived from crude oil. | the effects of acute and subchronic aqueous hydrocarbon exposures in the ppb range (0.2-127microg/l total pah) on the immune system in pacific herring (clupea pallasi) were examined through specific immunocompetency assays and a host resistance model using listonella anguillarum. short-term hydrocarbon exposure at the highest concentration significantly enhanced respiratory burst activity (rba) in macrophages and decreased plasma lysozyme concentrations, however, subchronic exposure (4-57d) redu ... | 2008 | 18023514 |
| immunocompetence of juvenile chinook salmon against listonella anguillarum following dietary exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | juvenile chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tschawytscha) were fed a mixture of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) compounds that reflected the pah composition of salmon stomach contents in an urban estuary of puget sound, washington (usa). following a 28-d dietary exposure, a standardized listonella anguillarum challenge model was used to determine whether pah exposure (16, 64, and 252 mg/kg wet wt feed) causes reduced disease resistance under the conditions examined in this study. to assess in ... | 2003 | 14713040 |
| identification and characterization of a repeat-in-toxin gene cluster in vibrio anguillarum. | vibrio anguillarum is the causative agent of vibriosis in fish. hemolysins of v. anguillarum have been considered virulence factors during infection. one hemolysin gene, vah1, has been previously identified but does not account for all hemolytic activity. the mini-tn10km mutagenesis performed with a vah1 mutant resulted in a hemolysin-negative mutant. the region surrounding the mutation was cloned and sequenced, revealing a putative rtx operon with six genes (rtxachbde), where rtxa encodes an ex ... | 2008 | 18378637 |
| shewanella and photobacterium spp. in oysters and seawater from the delaware bay. | shewanella algae, s. putrefaciens, and photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae are indigenous marine bacteria and human pathogens causing cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, abscesses, septicemia, and death. infections are rare and are most often associated with the immunocompromised host. a study was performed on the microbiological flora of oysters and seawater from commercial oyster harvesting sites in the delaware bay, new jersey. from 276 water and shellfish samples tested, 1,421 bacterial i ... | 2008 | 18378645 |
| numerical taxonomy of vibrionaceae isolated from cultured amberjack (seriola dumerili) and surrounding water. | a numerical taxonomic study was performed on 148 isolates of gram-negative, heterotrophic, facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from amberjack (seriola dumerili) and its surrounding culture water. the study included 30 type and reference strains belonging to genera vibrio, listonella, and photobacterium. the strains were characterized by 109 morphological, biochemical, physiological, and nutritional tests. cluster analysis of similarity matrices obtained with s(sm) and s(j) coefficients was c ... | 2003 | 12567241 |
| immunocompetence of juvenile chinook salmon against listonella anguillarum following dietary exposure to aroclor 1254. | controlled laboratory challenges with pathogenic listonella (formerly vibrio) anguillarum bacteria were used to examine potential effects of dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) on the growth and immunocompetence of juvenile puget sound (wa, usa) chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tschawytscha). salmon were fed four levels of the pcb congener mixture aroclor 1254 for 28 d to bracket likely exposure to pcbs in the lower duwamish waterway near seattle, washington, usa. fish were transfer ... | 2003 | 12558159 |
| polyamine distribution patterns within the families aeromonadaceae, vibrionaceae, pasteurellaceae, and halomonadaceae, and related genera of the gamma subclass of the proteobacteria. | polyamines of the four families and the five related genera within the gamma subclass of the class proteobacteria were analyzed by hplc with the objective of developing a chemotaxonomic system. the production of putrescine, diaminopropane, cadaverine, and agmatine are not exactly correlated to the phylogenetic genospecies within 36 strains of the genus aeromonas (the family aeromonadaceae) lacking in triamines. the occurrence of norspermidine was limited but not ubiquitous within the family vibr ... | 1997 | 12501353 |
| the toxr gene of vibrio (listonella) anguillarum controls expression of the major outer membrane proteins but not virulence in a natural host model. | to examine the hypothesis that the ancestral role of the toxr gene in the family vibrionaceae is control of the expression of outer membrane protein (omp)-encoding genes for adaptation to environmental change, we investigated the role of the toxr gene in vibrio anguillarum, an important fish pathogen. the toxr gene of v. angullarum (va-toxr) was cloned from strain pt-87050 isolated from diseased ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), and the sequence was analyzed. the toxr sequence was 63 to 51% identica ... | 2001 | 11553547 |
| response of haemocyte lysosomes to bacterial inoculation in the oysters ostrea edulis l. and crassostrea gigas (thunberg) and the scallop pecten maximus (l). | data are presented that demonstrate the application of the neutral red retention assay (nrr) to monitor the effects of a bacterial inoculation on the haemocyte lysosomes of the european flat oyster ostrea edulis, pacific oyster crassostrea gigas and scallop pecten maximus. bivalves were acclimated to three temperature regimes (5, 15 and 25 degrees c), at constant salinity for 7 days in the laboratory. once baseline responses to acclimation temperature had been established, the effects of an in v ... | 2001 | 11308076 |
| simultaneous detection of marine fish pathogens by using multiplex pcr and a dna microarray. | we coupled multiplex pcr and a dna microarray to construct an assay suitable for the simultaneous detection of five important marine fish pathogens (vibrio vulnificus, listonella anguillarum, photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae, aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, and vibrio parahaemolyticus). the array was composed of nine short oligonucleotide probes (25-mer) complementary to seven chromosomal loci (cyt, rpon, gyrb, toxr, urec, dly, and vapa) and two plasmid-borne loci (fata and a.sa ... | 2004 | 15070982 |
| alteration of metallothionein mrna in bay scallop argopecten irradians under cadmium exposure and bacteria challenge. | metallothionein (mt) is a superfamily of cysteine-rich proteins contributing to metal metabolism, detoxification of heavy metals, and immune response such as protecting against ionizing radiation and antioxidant defense. a metallothionein (designated aimt2) gene was identified and cloned from bay scallop, argopecten irradians. the full length cdna of aimt2 consisted of an open reading frame (orf) of 333 bp encoding a protein of 110 amino acids, with nine characteristic cys-x-cys, five cys-x-x-cy ... | 2009 | 18662805 |
| gene transcript changes in individual rainbow trout livers following an inflammatory stimulus. | inflammatory stimuli elicit liver synthesis and subsequent release into the plasma of several proteins (positive acute phase proteins, app) with functions in innate immunity, tissue repair and restoration of homeostasis. to expand the basis for evaluating the degree of conservation of the apr in vertebrates and to assess the extent to which genes encoding both cellular and plasma proteins are affected, we profiled transcriptional changes in livers of individual rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss ... | 2007 | 16762566 |
| mx expression in atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) parr in response to listonella anguillarum bacterin, lipopolysaccharide and chromosomal dna. | mx genes are inducible by type i interferons and are involved in antiviral defences. a commercially available vibrio bacterin, intended for immersion vaccination, was shown to be a potent inducer of mx gene expression in atlantic salmon parr following intraperitoneal injection. the response was dose and temperature dependent. at 10 degrees c and 10 times concentration the bacterin induced mx response kinetics similar to that induced by poly i:c. at 10 degrees c, enhanced mx responses were detect ... | 2004 | 15276605 |
| modulation of crassostrea virginica hemocyte reactive oxygen species production by listonella anguillarum. | luminol- and lucigenin-augmented chemiluminescence (cl) were used to evaluate the ability of listonella (formerly vibrio) anguillarum to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ros) by crassostrea virginica hemocytes. whereas heat-killed l. anguillarum stimulated hemocyte cl in the lucigenin system, viable l. anguillarum did not. neither viable nor heat-killed bacteria stimulated hemocyte production of luminol cl. metabolically active l. anguillarum generated ros, as indicated by lu ... | 1997 | 9303272 |
| the effect of suspending solution supplemented with marine cations on the oxidation of biolog gn microplate substrates by vibrionaceae bacteria. | bacteria belonging to the family vibrionaceae were suspended using saline and a solution prepared from a marine-cations supplement. the effect of this on the profile of oxidized substrates obtained when using biolog gn microplates was investigated. thirty-nine species belonging to the genera aeromonas, listonella, photobacterium, and vibrio were studied. of the strains studied, species of listonella, photobacterium, and vibrio could be expected to benefit from a marine-cations supplement that co ... | 1998 | 9643966 |
| the effect of vaccination and sea water entry on immunocompetence and susceptibility to kudoa thyrsites in atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.). | the effect of intraperitoneal (ip) vaccination and sea water entry (swe) on the immunocompetence of cascade atlantic salmon was investigated. smolts were ip injected with aqua health's forte trade mark vaccine (listonella (vibrio) anguillarum, listonella ordalii, vibrio salmonicida and aeromonas salmonicida) at four times (42, 238, 433 and 630 degree days, dd) prior to swe and were examined for immunocompetence. immune response measurements included mitogen-driven proliferation of peripheral blo ... | 2004 | 15312664 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of peroxiredoxin 6 from chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | peroxiredoxin is a superfamily of antioxidative proteins that play important roles in protecting organisms against the toxicity of reactive oxygen species (ros). in this study, the full-length cdna encoding peroxiredoxin 6 (designated esprx6) was cloned from chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the full-length cdna of esprx6 was of 1076 bp, containing a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 69 bp, a 3' utr of 347 bp with a poly (a) tail, a ... | 2009 | 18992822 |
| the siderophore-mediated iron acquisition systems of acinetobacter baumannii atcc 19606 and vibrio anguillarum 775 are structurally and functionally related. | the acinetobacter baumannii type strain, atcc 19606, secretes acinetobactin, a catechol siderophore highly related to the iron chelator anguibactin produced by the fish pathogen vibrio anguillarum (listonella anguillarum). this paper reports the initial characterization of the genes and gene products involved in the acinetobactin-mediated iron-acquisition process. insertional mutagenesis resulted in the isolation of several derivatives whose ability to grow in medium containing the iron chelator ... | 2004 | 15528653 |
| development of a specific biotinylated dna probe for the detection of renibacterium salmoninarum. | a specific dna probe for the identification of renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (bkd), was developed from one of 3 clones prs47, prs49, and prs26 of 5.1 kb, 5.3 kb, and 11.3 kb, respectively. the biotinylated prs47/bamhi insert probe was tested on 3 dilutions of dna extracted from 3 strains of r. salmoninarum and from 1 strain each of arthrobacter protophormiae, aeromonas salmonicida, corynebacterium aquaticum, carnobacterium piscicola, listonella angui ... | 1995 | 8548693 |
| molecular characterisation of a goose-type lysozyme gene in atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). | lysozymes are antibacterial enzymes important in the innate immune defense of several animal phyla. an atlantic cod goose-type (g-type) lysozyme est was identified in a suppression subtractive hybridisation (ssh) cdna library and the full-length cdna (codg1) was obtained by race-pcr. the lysozyme gene is organised in five exons and four introns similar to g-type lysozyme genes in other fish species. two different cod lysozyme transcripts, named codg1 and codg2, seem to be produced by the use of ... | 2009 | 19041261 |
| cdna cloning and gene expression pattern following bacterial challenge of peroxinectin in chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis. | peroxinectin, a cell-adhesive hemoperoxidase that binds superoxide dismutase and mediates blood cells adhesion and migration in invertebrate, is believed to play an important role in cellular immune reaction. in this study, we reported a new peroxinectin gene homologue from chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis. based on expressed sequence tags (ests) of haemocyte cdna library, we cloned a 2,611 bps full-length cdna of peroxinectin gene homologue encoded 801 amino acids. motif scanning of the ... | 2009 | 19148772 |
| the polymorphism of lysozyme gene in zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri) and its association with susceptibility/resistance to listonella anguillarum. | lysozyme functions as a crucial biodefence effector against the infection of bacterial pathogens in innate immunity. the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms in promoter region of a nuclear goose type lysozyme gene from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflysg) were investigated to explore their association with susceptibility/resistance to listonella anguillarum infection. eight sites of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and two sites of insert-deletion (ins-del) polymorphisms we ... | 2009 | 19154789 |
| critical assessment of regulatory standards and tests for fish vaccines. | within the european economic area (eu member states plus norway, iceland and liechtenstein), veterinary vaccines must comply with eu regulations and relevant monographs of the european pharmacopoeia. since 1996, three european monographs specific for fish have been adopted; concerning oil-adjuvanted, injectable vaccine for salmonids against furunculosis, as well as bacterins against classical vibriosis (listonella anguillarum) or cold-water vibriosis (vibrio salmonicida) in salmonids. the regula ... | 2005 | 15962484 |
| changes in immune gene expression and resistance to bacterial infection in lobster (homarus gammarus) post-larval stage vi following acute or chronic exposure to immune stimulating compounds. | real-time pcr was used to measure changes in transcript abundance of genes encoding important immune proteins, namely prophenoloxidase (propo gene), beta-1,3-glucan binding protein (betagbp gene) and a 12.2 kda antimicrobial peptide (amp gene) in post-larval stage vi (plvi) juveniles of the european lobster, homarus gammarus. gene expression was studied in both healthy plvi and following single or repeat exposure to a range of compounds claimed to induce immune reactivity. a single acute (3-h) e ... | 2007 | 16569431 |
| immunotoxicological effects of a sub-chronic exposure to selected current-use pesticides in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | many current-use pesticides (cups) are found at increasing concentrations in aquatic environments, yet relatively little is known about their effects on the immune system of fish. we examined the in vivo effects of three pesticides (chlorothalonil, cypermethrin and pentachlorophenol) on the immune system of juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by assessing a suite of innate immune function tests, as well as a host resistance test using listonella anguillarum. increased activity of phagoc ... | 2009 | 19237205 |
| numerical taxonomy of gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from skin of turbot (scophthalmus maximus) and surrounding water. | a numerical taxonomic study of 473 gram negative heterotrophic facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from skin of turbot (scophthalmus maximus) and its culture water was performed. the study included 53 type and reference strains belonging to the genera vibrio, aeromonas and listonella. the strains were characterized using 90 tests and data were examined by simple matching coefficient (s(sm)) and jaccard coefficient (s(j)). upgma (unweighted pair group method, arithmetic average) defined 66 ph ... | 1999 | 10794149 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of a hepcidin antimicrobial peptide gene from turbot (scophthalmus maximus). | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are regarded as important components of the host innate immune system and play crucial roles in host defence against microbial invasion. a small number of hepcidin amps have been isolated from teleosts. here, we report the isolation of a hepcidin gene from the liver of turbot (scophthalmus maximus) (genbank accession numbers: and ). in the 1037 bp-long genomic sequence, three exons and two introns were identified. the full-length cdna is 778bp long and contains an o ... | 2007 | 16908195 |
| efficacy of a listonella anguillarum (syn. vibrio anguillarum) vaccine for juvenile sea bass dicentrarchus labrax. | the efficacy of a commercial bivalent listonella anguillarum (serotype 01 and 02) vaccine (microvib, microtek international) was tested on prime- and booster-immersion vaccinated sea bass dicentrarchus labrax juveniles. we carried out 2 challenge tests on the prime-vaccinated fish, 50 and 90 d after initial vaccination. a second group of fish received a booster vaccination 60 d after the prime vaccination, and were tested with a single challenge 30 d later. relative percent survival (rps) was 92 ... | 2006 | 16921997 |
| decreased mortality of lake michigan chinook salmon after bacterial kidney disease challenge: evidence for pathogen-driven selection? | in the late 1960s, chinook salmon oncorhynchus tshawytscha from the green river, washington, were successfully introduced into lake michigan. during spring from 1988 to 1992, large fish die-offs affecting chinook salmon occurred in the lake. multiple ecological factors probably contributed to the severity of the fish kills, but the only disease agent found regularly was renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease. in this study, survival after challenge by r. salm ... | 2008 | 19306612 |
| expressed sequence tags from the zhikong scallop (chlamys farreri): discovery and annotation of host-defense genes. | a high-quality cdna library was constructed from whole body tissues of the zhikong scallop, chlamys farreri, challenged by listonella anguillarum. a total of 5720 clones were sequenced, yielding 5123 expressed sequence tags (ests). among the 3326 unique genes identified, 2289 (69%) genes had no significant (e-value < 1e-5) matches to known sequences in public databases and 194 (6%) matched proteins of unknown functions. the remaining 843 (25%) genes that exhibited homology with genes of known fu ... | 2009 | 19328855 |
| viral and bacterial diseases of atlantic cod gadus morhua, their prophylaxis and treatment: a review. | this review summarises the state of knowledge of both viral and bacterial diseases of atlantic cod gadus morhua, and their diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment. the most important losses have been at the larval and juvenile stages, and vibriosis has long been the most important bacterial disease in cod, with listonella (vibrio) anguillarum dominant among pathogenic isolates. vaccination of cod against pathogens such as l. anguillarum and aeromonas salmonicida clearly demonstrates that the cod im ... | 2006 | 17058605 |
| treating experimentally induced vibriosis (listonella anguillarum) in cod, gadus morhua l., with florfenicol. | this study was performed to determine the efficacy of orally administered florfenicol in the treatment of experimentally induced vibriosis (listonella anguillarum) in cod, gadus morhua. the l. anguillarum strain hi-610 was used. this strain has a minimal inhibitory concentration value of 0.5 mg l(-1) against florfenicol. fifteen groups of 40 fish each were challenged by bath with 1.7 x 10(5) cfu ml(-1) for 1 h. three days following challenge, medication with florfenicol was introduced in 12 of t ... | 2006 | 17169106 |
| molecular cloning of liver wap65 cdna in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) and mrna expression changes following listonella anguillarum infection. | the teleost warm temperature acclimation related 65 kda protein (wap65) is a plasma glycoprotein with the potential roles in heat adaptation, heme recycling, immune response and copper metabolism. it is most homologous to the mammalian hemopexin, which is the plasma transporter of heme. a full-length cdna clone of the wap65 gene, 1,534 bp in size, was isolated from the fish ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). its deduced amino acid sequence of 439 residues had 60.4-65.4% and 38.3-47.3% identical to fi ... | 2010 | 19434513 |
| immunological responses, histopathological finding and disease resistance of blue mussel (mytilus edulis) exposed to treated and untreated municipal wastewater. | this study provides new information on the response of the immune system of mytilus edulis exposed to untreated and treated sewage, linking immune response to ecologically relevant endpoints, such as disease resistance. our goal was to assess the potential effects of sewage on the immune system (phagocytic activity and production of cytotoxic metabolites, disease resistance) and gills (light microscope) of mussels through a bioassay and field study in an estuarine receiving environment (re). a s ... | 2007 | 17346810 |
| structural characterization of the lipopolysaccharide o-antigen from atypical isolate of vibrio anguillarum strain 1282. | vibrio anguillarum is a gram-negative bacterium associated with vibriosis in atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). although farmed cod in norway is routinely vaccinated against the infection, outbreaks of v. anguillarum-associated vibriosis still occur. here, we describe the structural characterization of the lps o-chain polysaccharide (o-ps) from atypical isolates of v. anguillarum strain 1282 and show that it is distinct from that previously established for v. anguillarum serotype o2. the structure ... | 2009 | 19476924 |
| arasin 1, a proline-arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide isolated from the spider crab, hyas araneus. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are considered to play an important role as host-defense molecules in both vertebrates and invertebrates. this work was undertaken to characterize amps from hemocyte extracts of the small spider crab, hyas araneus. a novel proline-arginine-rich amp of 37 amino acids was isolated and characterized. the peptide, named arasin 1, has a chimeric structure with an n-terminal domain rich in proline and arginine and a c-terminal domain containing two disulfide linkages. the ... | 2008 | 17658600 |
| mannose binding lectin (mbl) copy number polymorphism in zebrafish (d. rerio) and identification of haplotypes resistant to l. anguillarum. | we describe a novel extension of the genomic matching technique (gmt) that defines haplotypes of the mannose binding lectin (mbl) region in zebrafish (d. rerio). four ancestral haplotypes have been identified to date, with at least one of these demonstrating a significant increase in resistance to l. anguillarum. mbl activates the lectin pathway of the complement system and stimulates the development of the complement cascade and the membrane attack complex. polymorphisms in humans have been ass ... | 2007 | 17943278 |
| a clip domain serine protease (csp) from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis: cdna characterization and mrna expression. | clip domain serine protease (csp), characterized by conserved clip domains, is a new serine protease family identified mainly in arthropod, and plays important roles in development and immunity. in the present study, the full-length cdna of a csp (designated escsp) was cloned from chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis by expressed sequence tags (ests) and pcr techniques. the 1380 bp escsp cdna contained a 1152 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding a putative csp of 383 amino acids, a 5'-untransl ... | 2009 | 19699801 |
| antigenic and molecular characterization of vibrio ordalii strains isolated from atlantic salmon salmo salar in chile. | biochemical, serological and molecular properties of a group of 14 vibrio ordalii strains isolated from cultured atlantic salmon salmo salar in chile in recent years were studied. the characteristics of isolates were compared with the type strain v. ordalii atcc 33509t. the chilean v. ordalii represented a biochemically homogenous group; however, some minor differences with the type strain were observed. the serological relationships among isolates, as well as the study of their antigenic determ ... | 2008 | 18429439 |
| potential use of chitosan nanoparticles for oral delivery of dna vaccine in asian sea bass (lates calcarifer) to protect from vibrio (listonella) anguillarum. | in recent years, attention has been focused on the possibility of utilizing dna vaccines in fish aquaculture. a successful regime for intramuscular injection of naked dna into fish has been developed and novel methods to deliver this dna to fish are under investigation. the potential of chitosan as a polycationic gene carrier for oral administration has been explored since 1990s. the present study examines the potential efficacy of dna vaccine against vibrio anguillarum through oral route using ... | 2008 | 18479939 |
| acetone formation in the vibrio family: a new pathway for bacterial leucine catabolism. | there is current interest in biological sources of acetone, a volatile organic compound that impacts atmospheric chemistry. here, we determined that leucine-dependent acetone formation is widespread in the vibrionaceae. sixteen vibrio isolates, two listonella species, and two photobacterium angustum isolates produced acetone in the presence of l-leucine. shewanella isolates produced much less acetone. growth of vibrio splendidus and p. angustum in a fermentor with controlled aeration revealed th ... | 1999 | 10601206 |
| enterobacteriaceae and related organisms isolated from shell eggs collected during commercial processing. | in the united states, commercial shell eggs are washed and graded before retail. since passage of the egg products inspection act in 1971, processing guidelines have been set to ensure that external and internal characteristics are maintained. however, less is known about how commercial processing affects the safety of shell eggs. to identify enteric bacteria entering plants and persisting throughout processing, eggs were collected from 3 us commercial shell egg-processing plants on 3 separate v ... | 2008 | 18493013 |
| identification, cloning and expression analysis of a hepcidin cdna of the atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). | mammalian hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide and a key regulator in the iron homeostasis. here we report the identification and cloning of a hepcidin cdna from atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). the cod hepcidin cdna was predicted to encode a prepropeptide of 98 amino acids (aa) with a signal peptide of 22 aa. a tentative rx(k/r)r motif for propeptide convertases was also identified suggesting a cleavage site located between arg(72) and gln(73). the deduced mature cod hepcidin sequence of 26 aa s ... | 2008 | 18602479 |
| a novel c1q-domain-containing protein from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri with lipopolysaccharide binding activity. | the c1q-domain-containing (c1qdc) proteins are a family of proteins characterized by a globular c1q (gc1q) domain in their c-terminus. they are involved in various processes of vertebrates and supposed to be an important pattern recognition receptor in innate immunity of invertebrates. in this study, a novel member of c1q-domain-containing protein family was identified from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cfc1qdc) by expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification of cdna end ... | 2008 | 18603000 |
| the enhanced immune protection of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri on the secondary encounter with listonella anguillarum. | it is well known that invertebrates are devoid of adaptive immune components and rely primarily on innate immunity to defend against pathogens, but recent studies have demonstrated the existence of enhanced secondary immune protection in some invertebrates. in the present study, the cumulative mortality of scallops received two successive listonella anguillarum stimulations was recorded, and variations of immune parameters including phagocytosis (phagocytic rate and phagocytic index), phenoloxid ... | 2008 | 18652907 |
| expression of antimicrobial peptides from hyas araneus haemocytes following bacterial challenge in vitro. | circulating haemocytes play major roles in the host defense reactions of decapods, including the synthesis and release of antimicrobial peptides (amps). unlike the amps from insects, those in decapods are constitutively expressed. this study aims to establish primary cell cultures of the three main haemocyte types in hyas araneus haemocytes, and to measure the in vitro expression of amp genes in the cells following microbial challenge. the haemocyte populations were separated on percoll gradient ... | 2010 | 20083137 |
| molecular characterization and expression of a crustin-like gene from chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis. | crustin is a cysteine-rich antibacterial peptide which widely distributes within decapod crustaceans. in the present study, the cdna encoding crustin-like peptide (designated cruses) was cloned from chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches and expressed sequence tag analysis. the full-length cdna of cruses was of 796bp, containing a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 214bp, a 3' utr of 267bp with a poly(a) tail, and an open reading frame (or ... | 2010 | 20144896 |
| short-term overcrowding of atlantic cod, gadus morhua: effects on serum-mediated antibacterial activity and transcription of glucose transport and antioxidant defense related genes. | serum-mediated control of listonella anguillarum and transcriptional profiles of selected glucose transport and antioxidant defense genes, following short-term overcrowding in atlantic cod, gadus morhua were determined. fish were subjected to overcrowding by reducing the water level in the tank for 1 h and this was repeated thrice over a 12 h period. blood samples were collected before overcrowding (initial group) and at 2, 24 and 72 h post-crowding. the sera from fish obtained at 2 h post-crowd ... | 2008 | 18682299 |
| first report on antibody response of seriola dumerilii (risso 1810) challenged with listonella anguillarum. | the greater amberjack, seriola dumerilii (risso 1810) is a semi-pelagic fish and a worldwide species; it is considered a promising candidate for the diversification of mediterranean aquaculture. in this paper an experimental injection with listonella (vibrio) anguillarum was performed to study the immune response of s. dumerilii. antibody titres to l. anguillarum o1 were determined with indirect-elisa at different times over a period of 42 days. results showed that the antibody levels against l. ... | 2008 | 18692575 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and mrna expression of peroxiredoxin in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | peroxiredoxin v (prx v) is known as an atypical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin that protects the organisms against various oxidative stresses and functions in signal transduction. the cdna of a prx v gene (designated as cfprx) was cloned from scallop chlamys farreri. the full-length sequence of cfprx cdna was of 2,179 bp with a 564 bp open reading frame encoding a peptide of 187 amino acids. sequence comparison showed that cfprx shared higher identities with prx vs than that with other isoforms of prx ... | 2009 | 18704754 |
| isolation and structural characterisation of two antibacterial free fatty acids from the marine diatom, phaeodactylum tricornutum. | one solution to the global crisis of antibiotic resistance is the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds for clinical application. marine organisms are an attractive and, as yet, relatively untapped resource of new natural products. cell extracts from the marine diatom, phaeodactylum tricornutum, have antibacterial activity and the fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), has been identified as one compound responsible for this activity. during the isolation of epa, it became apparent that t ... | 2008 | 18813920 |
| cdna cloning, characterization and mrna expression of a pacifastin light chain gene from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | the pacifastin family, characterized by several conserved arrays of six cysteine residues, is a newly identified serine protease inhibitor (spi) family discovered uniquely in arthropods and plays important roles in multiple biological processes. in the present study, the full-length cdna of a pacifastin light chain (designated esplc) was cloned from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis by expressed sequence tags (ests) and pcr techniques. the 1036bp esplc cdna contained an 831bp open readi ... | 2008 | 18817876 |
| broad-host-range plasmids for red fluorescent protein labeling of gram-negative bacteria for use in the zebrafish model system. | to observe real-time interactions between green fluorescent protein-labeled immune cells and invading bacteria in the zebrafish (danio rerio), a series of plasmids was constructed for the red fluorescent protein (rfp) labeling of a variety of fish and human pathogens. the aim of this study was to create a collection of plasmids that would express rfp pigments both constitutively and under tac promoter regulation and that would be nontoxic and broadly transmissible to a variety of gram-negative b ... | 2010 | 20363780 |
| complete genome sequence of phihsic, a pseudotemperate marine phage of listonella pelagia. | the genome for the marine pseudotemperate member of the siphoviridae phihsic has been sequenced using a combination of linker amplification library construction, restriction digest library construction, and primer walking. phihsic enters into a pseudolysogenic relationship with its host, listonella pelagia, characterized by sigmoidal growth curves producing >10(9) cells/ml and >10(11) phage/ml. the genome (37,966 bp; g+c content, 44%) contained 47 putative open reading frames (orfs), 17 of which ... | 2005 | 15933034 |
| the second anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (esalf-2) with antimicrobial activity from eriocheir sinensis. | the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (alf) is a small basic protein that can bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide (lps), mediating degranulation and activation of an intracellular coagulation cascade. in the present study, cdna of the second eriocheir sinensis alf (designated as esalf-2) was cloned and the full-length cdna of esalf-2 was of 724bp, consisting of an open reading frame (orf) of 363bp encoding a polypeptide of 120 amino acids. the deduced amino acid of esalf-2 shared 82% similarity ... | 2010 | 20416335 |
| the expression of peptidoglycan recognition protein-s1 gene in the scallop chlamys farreri was enhanced after a second challenge by listonella anguillarum. | a more rapid and powerful response against repeated exposure of same pathogen in vertebrates is usually considered as the reflection of immunological memory, but it is not well understood in invertebrates. in the present study, the temporal expression profiles of chlamys farreri peptidoglycan recognition protein-s1 (cfpgrp-s1) gene after two challenges of listonella anguillarum were examined to evaluate priming response in scallops. the up-regulation of cfpgrp-s1 mrna occurred 3h earlier, and th ... | 2009 | 19022261 |
| cflec-4, a multidomain c-type lectin involved in immune defense of zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles in the innate immunity. in this study, a novel multidomain c-type lectin gene from scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflec-4) was cloned by race approach based on est analysis. the full-length cdna of cflec-4 was of 2086 bp. the open reading frame was of 1830bp and encoded a polypeptide of 609 amino acids, including a signal sequence and four dissimilar carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds). the ... | 2009 | 19185588 |
| development of a bacterial challenge test for gnotobiotic sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) larvae. | the use of probiotic microorganisms in aquaculture is gaining a lot of interest. gnotobiotic model systems are required in order to fully understand the effects and modes-of-action of these microorganisms, as the native microbial communities present in non-sterile animals can lead to false conclusions. in this study, a gnotobiotic sea bass larvae (dicentrarchus labrax) test system was developed. in order to obtain bacteria-free animals, the eggs were disinfected with glutaraldehyde and subsequen ... | 2009 | 19196282 |
| [characterization of listonella anguillarum as the aetiological agent of vibriosis occurred in cultured ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) in ninghai country, china]. | ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) vibriosis threatens ayu aquaculture seriously caused by mass mortality due to severe infections. we characterized the vibriosis pathogen of ayu in ninghai country. | 2009 | 19873758 |
| a novel c-type lectin (cflec-3) from chlamys farreri with three carbohydrate-recognition domains. | c-type lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play crucial roles in the innate immunity. in this study, the gene of a c-type lectin with multiple carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds) from scallop chlamys farreri (designated as cflec-3) was cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approach based on expression sequence tag (est) analysis. the full-length cdna of cflec-3 was of 2256 bp. the open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 516 amino acids, includ ... | 2009 | 19264137 |
| a fibrinogen-related protein from bay scallop argopecten irradians involved in innate immunity as pattern recognition receptor. | the family of fibrinogen-related proteins (freps) is a group of proteins with fibrinogen-like domains. many members of this family play important roles as pattern recognition receptors in innate immune responses. the cdna of bay scallop argopecten irradians frep (designated as aifrep) was cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method based on the expressed sequence tag (est). the full-length cdna of aifrep was of 990bp. the open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 251 amino acids, ... | 2009 | 19013249 |
| suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 inhibits head kidney macrophage activation and cytokine expression in scophthalmus maximus. | proteins of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) family function as inducible feedback inhibitors of cytokine signaling via the jak/stat pathway. although several socs isoforms have been identified in teleosts, their immunological functions remain largely unknown. in this study, we identified in turbot scophthalmus maximus a socs homologue (named smsocs3) of the mammalian socs3 type. the deduced amino acid sequence of smsocs3 contains 205 residues and shares extensive overall identities ( ... | 2010 | 20869394 |
| predation of human pathogens by the predatory bacteria micavibrio aeruginosavorus and bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | the focus of this study was to evaluate the potential use of the predatory bacteria bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and micavibrio aeruginosavorus to control the pathogens associated with human infection. | 2010 | 21114596 |
| myxinidin, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the epidermal mucus of hagfish, myxine glutinosa l. | fish epidermal mucus contains innate immune components that provide a first line of defense against various infectious pathogens. this study reports the bioassay-guided fractionation and characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide, myxinidin, from the acidic epidermal mucus extract of hagfish (myxine glutinosa l.). edman sequencing and mass spectrometry revealed that myxinidin consists of 12 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 1,327.68 da. myxinidin showed activity against a broad rang ... | 2009 | 19330556 |
| two thymosin-repeated molecules with structural and functional diversity coexist in chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | recently, beta-thymosin-like proteins with multiple thymosin domains (defined as thymosin-repeated proteins) have been identified from invertebrate. in the present study, the cdnas of two thymosin-repeated proteins (designated estrp1 and estrp2) were cloned from chinese mitten crab by expressed sequence tags (est) techniques. blast analysis presented three and two thymosin domains in estrp1 and estrp2, respectively, with the identities amongst the five domains varying from 47% to 100%. both estr ... | 2009 | 19428488 |