| sucrose-mediated giant cell formation in the genus neisseria. | growth of neisseria perflava, neisseria cinerea, and neisseria sicca strain kirkland in media supplemented with sucrose (0.5 to 5.0% w/v) resulted in the formation of giant cells. response to sucrose was specific in that a variety of other carbohydrates did not mediate giant cell formation. giant cells appeared only under growth conditions and did not lyse upon transfer to medium lacking sucrose or upon resuspension in hypotonic media. reversion of giant to normal cells occurred when giant cells ... | 1976 | 1253000 |
| evaluation of a fluorescent dna hybridization assay for the detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | this study evaluates a four-hour fluorescent dna hybridization assay using both known bacterial isolates and clinical specimens. a biotinylated oligonucleotide probe from a sequence of the plasmid-encoded gene cppb was used. hybrids were detected by addition of a streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate, followed by incubation for 30 min in a fluorescent substrate for alkaline phosphatase. the level of detection of the fluorescent assay was 0.1 pg of cryptic plasmid dna or 200 cfu of the plas ... | 1992 | 1396767 |
| sequence diversity within the argf, fbp and reca genes of natural isolates of neisseria meningitidis: interspecies recombination within the argf gene. | studies of natural populations of neisseria meningitidis using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis have shown extensive genetic variation within this species, which, it has been proposed, implies a level of sequence diversity within meningococci that is greater than that normally considered as the criterion for species limits in bacteria. to obtain a direct measure of the sequence diversity among meningococci, we obtained the nucleotide sequences of most of the argf, reca and fbp genes of eight me ... | 1992 | 1406254 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen. | branhamella catarrhalis was formerly regarded as a common, essentially harmless inhabitant of the pharynx. this misapprehension was caused, in part, by confusion with another pharyngeal resident, neisseria cinerea. the two organisms can now be differentiated by the positive reactions of b. catarrhalis in tests for nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of tributyrin and dnase. b. catarrhalis is currently recognized as the third most frequent cause of acute otitis media and acute sinusitis in young chi ... | 1990 | 2121328 |
| ophthalmia neonatorum caused by neisseria cinerea. | neisseria cinerea is an organism that has only recently been implicated as a human pathogen. in this case, n. cinerea was identified as the cause of ophthalmia neonatorum (conjunctivitis) in a 2-day-old girl. | 1990 | 2199523 |
| neisseria cinerea acute purulent conjunctivitis. | | 1990 | 2297039 |
| exemplification of serological cross-reactivity of neisseria lipopolysaccharides. | antibodies against the gc2 serotype determinant of gonococcal lipopolysaccharides (lps) and antisera against strains of meningococci were tested by elisa against the gc2 lps, and the antibodies examined for inhibition by bacteria of prototype strains of gonococci and meningococci. from one of the anti-meningococcal sera and anti-lactose (anti-lac) type of antibody was isolated. the results showed that antigenic sites belonging to the serotype, variable, and common sets of determinants as defined ... | 1986 | 2428203 |
| neisseria lactamica and neisseria meningitidis share lipooligosaccharide epitopes but lack common capsular and class 1, 2, and 3 protein epitopes. | neisseria lactamica, a common human pharyngeal commensal, contributes to acquired immunity to neisseria meningitidis. to define the surface antigens shared between these two species, we used monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to study 35 n. lactamica strains isolated in various parts of the world for cross-reactivity with meningococcal capsules, outer membrane proteins, and lipooligosaccharides (los). no n. lactamica strain reacted significantly with mabs specific for capsular group a, b, c, y, or w, ... | 1989 | 2463970 |
| identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative bacteria with the microscan haemophilus-neisseria identification panel. | the haemophilus-neisseria identification (hnid) panel (american microscan, sacramento, calif.) is a 4-h microdilution format system for identification of haemophilus and neisseria spp., branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis, and gardnerella vaginalis. the hnid panel was evaluated by using 423 clinical isolates and stock strains of these organisms, and hnid identifications were compared with those obtained by conventional methods. in addition, 32 isolates representing six genera not included in the ... | 1989 | 2501351 |
| transfer of plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance from haemophilus to neisseria gonorrhoeae requires an intervening organism. | haemophilus species have been implicated as the source of plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in neisseria gonorrhoeae. previous attempts to transfer conjugally the resistance plasmids from haemophilus species to n. gonorrhoeae have met with limited success. using both biparental and triparental mating systems, it was found that transfer will occur if the commensal neisseria species, neisseria cinerea, is used as a transfer intermediate. this organism stably maintains resistance plasmids of h ... | 1986 | 3020721 |
| transfer of a gonococcal beta-lactamase plasmid to conjugation-deficient neisseria cinerea strains by transformation. | we have previously shown that some strains of neisseria cinerea can serve as recipients in conjugation (con+) with neisseria gonorrhoeae while others cannot (con-). to determine if a replication defect contributes to the inability of certain strains of n. cinerea to serve as recipients in conjugation, we attempted to introduce a naturally occurring gonococcal beta-lactamase plasmid into n. cinerea by transformation. various methods were employed, and all proved unsuccessful. since specific seque ... | 1988 | 3151995 |
| role of outer-membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharide in conjugation between neisseria gonorrhoeae and neisseria cinerea. | little is known concerning the mechanism involved in cell contact between the donor and recipient during conjugation in neisseria gonorrhoeae. the formation of stable mating pairs during conjugation in escherichia coli appears to require a specific protein as well as lps in the outer membrane of the recipient cell. to attempt to identify the cell surface components necessary for conjugation in the neisseriae, we began a comparison of the outer membrane of neisseria cinerea strains that can (con+ ... | 1988 | 3151996 |
| prevalence and persistence of neisseria cinerea and other neisseria spp. in adults. | neisseria cinerea is a commensal neisseria sp. which was first described in 1906 but was subsequently misclassified as a subtype of branhamella catarrhalis. n. cinerea resembles neisseria gonorrhoeae in both cultural and biochemical characteristics and, thus, may also have been misidentified as n. gonorrhoeae. of 202 patients whose oropharynges were colonized by neisseria spp., n. cinerea was isolated in 57 (28.2%) patients, including 25 (30.1%) of 83 women, 22 (23.9%) of 92 heterosexual men, an ... | 1988 | 3384913 |
| bacteremia due to neisseria cinerea: report of two cases. | we report two cases of bacteremia due to neisseria cinerea. one was a 2.5-yr-old boy with otitis media and pneumonia, who responded to treatment with amoxicillin. the other was a 47-yr-old man with underlying ethanol abuse who developed severe polymicrobial sepsis due to apparent intraabdominal disease. this man died despite extensive antimicrobial therapy. | 1987 | 3652653 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: significance in pulmonary infections and bacteriological features. | a three-month survey revealed 29 patients at our hospital with symptoms of acute pulmonary infection, from whom branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens, in 18 cases in pure culture. approximately 2% of all respiratory tract specimens examined during the period yielded growth of b. catarrhalis. all except one patient suffered from chronic pulmonary disease, notably chronic bronchitis. a phenotypic comparison was made between 55 strains of b. catarrhalis, of whi ... | 1986 | 3728028 |
| nosocomial pneumonia caused by a glucose-metabolizing strain of neisseria cinerea. | we describe what appears to be the first reported case of nosocomial pneumonia caused by neisseria cinerea. the isolate metabolized glucose when tested in bactec neisseria differentiation kits (johnston laboratories), but did not produce detectable acid in cystine-trypticase (bbl microbiology systems) agar medium or in modified oxidation-fermentation medium. clinical laboratories that rely on the bactec method for differentiation of pathogenic neisseriae should be aware of the fact that n. ciner ... | 1985 | 3881466 |
| proctitis associated with neisseria cinerea misidentified as neisseria gonorrhoeae in a child. | an 8-year-old boy developed proctitis. rectal swabs yielded a neisseria sp. that was repeatedly identified by api (analytab products, plainview, n.y.), minitek (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.), and bactec (johnston laboratories, towson, md.) methods as neisseria gonorrhoeae. subsequent testing in a reference laboratory yielded an identification of neisseria cinerea. it is suggested that identification of a neisseria sp. isolated from genital or rectal sites in a child be confirmed b ... | 1985 | 3921562 |
| production of 14c-labeled gas in bactec neisseria differentiation kits by neisseria cinerea. | six strains of neisseria cinerea were tested in bactec neisseria differentiation kits (johnston laboratories, inc., towson, md.), and all yielded positive glucose growth indices and negative maltose and fructose growth indices. these results were similar to those achieved with neisseria gonorrhoeae. however, most of the n. cinerea isolates tested yielded 3-h glucose growth indices that were lower than those obtained with gonococci. 14c-labeled gas was produced significantly faster (p less than 0 ... | 1985 | 3930562 |
| difficulties in differentiating neisseria cinerea from neisseria gonorrhoeae in rapid systems used for identifying pathogenic neisseria species. | neisseria cinerea and neisseria gonorrhoeae may occur at the same body sites and may have similar colony morphologies. ideally, systems used for rapid identification of n. gonorrhoeae should be able to differentiate n. cinerea from gonococci. we tested seven n. cinerea strains using the gonochek ii (du pont diagnostics), minitek (bbl microbiology systems), rapid-nh (innovative diagnostics, inc.), rim-n (american microscan), and phadebact (pharmacia diagnostics) systems. we found that the reactio ... | 1985 | 3932456 |
| [neisseria cinerea infection in a neonate. suspected gonococcal infection]. | | 1985 | 4071828 |
| lymphadenitis due to neisseria cinerea. | | 1984 | 6143211 |
| a new site-specific endonuclease from neisseria cinerea. | | 1980 | 6250907 |
| characterization of neisseria cinerea, a nonpathogenic species isolated on martin-lewis medium selective for pathogenic neisseria spp. | an asaccharolytic, gram-negative, oxidase-positive diplococcus was isolated on martin-lewis medium from the cervix of a patient attending an arthritis clinic at seattle public health hospital, seattle, wash. this strain, nrl 32165, did not produce detectable acid from glucose, maltose, sucrose, fructose, mannitol, or lactose in either cystine trypticase agar (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.) or modified oxidation-fermentation medium and was identified presumptively as a glucose-negat ... | 1984 | 6361062 |
| conjugation of plasmids of neisseria gonorrhoeae to other neisseria species: potential reservoirs for the beta-lactamase plasmid. | the discovery that penicillinase production in neisseria gonorrhoeae was plasmid mediated and the spread of the beta-lactamase encoding plasmids in gonococcal isolates since 1976, raise the possibility that a nonpathogenic indigenous bacterium could serve as a reservoir for these plasmids. we initiated studies to define the ability of commensal neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis strains, as well as strains of the pathogen neisseria meningitidis, to serve as recipients in conjugation w ... | 1984 | 6434640 |
| identification of a new restriction endonuclease r.nciii, from neisseria cinerea. | site-specific restriction endonuclease r. nci ii has been purified from neisseria cinerea strain 32615. the enzyme recognizes the sequence 5' gatc 3' and its activity is inhibited by the presence of methylated adenine residue within the recognition sequence. | 1994 | 7526612 |
| neisseria cinerea bacteremia in a patient receiving hemodialysis. | | 1994 | 7893909 |
| successful treatment of capd peritonitis caused by neisseria cinerea. | | 1994 | 8043684 |
| interspecies recombination between the pena genes of neisseria meningitidis and commensal neisseria species during the emergence of penicillin resistance in n. meningitidis: natural events and laboratory simulation. | the penicillin-binding protein 2 genes (pena) of penicillin-resistant neisseria meningitidis have a mosaic structure that has arisen by the introduction of regions from the pena genes of neisseria flavescens or neisseria cinerea. chromosomal dna from both n. cinerea and n. flavescens could transform a penicillin-susceptible isolate of n. meningitidis to increased resistance to penicillin. with n. flavescens dna, transformation to resistance was accompanied by the introduction of the n. flavescen ... | 1994 | 8288526 |
| the bacterial etiology of conjunctivitis in early infancy. eye prophylaxis study group. | the authors conducted this study to determine the etiologic agents of conjunctivitis in early infancy. from 1985 to 1990, 630 infants enrolled in a randomized, controlled, double-masked study of eye prophylaxis were observed for 60 days after delivery for signs of conjunctivitis. the following isolates were categorized as pathogens: haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria cinerea, klebsiella pneumoniae, and chlamydia trachomatis. using conditional logistic regression for anal ... | 1993 | 8356971 |
| meningitis and septicemia due to neisseria cinerea. | | 1995 | 8589184 |
| recurrent bacterial peritonitis caused by neisseria cinerea in a chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) patient. | we present an unusual case of recurrent (chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis) capd-associated peritonitis caused by neisseria cinerea. using dna restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis, we determined that the recurrent infection was caused by reinfection with a different n. cinerea strain rather than relapse with the index strain and that the probable origin of the reinfecting organism was the patient's upper respiratory tract. | 1996 | 8985662 |
| [infection of the urinary tract caused by neisseria cinerea]. | | 1996 | 9035725 |
| n-nitrosation of medicinal drugs catalysed by bacteria from human saliva and gastro-intestinal tract, including helicobacter pylori. | micro-organisms commonly present in human saliva and three dsm strains (helicobacter pylori, campylobacter jejuni and neisseria cinerea), which can be isolated from the human gastro-intestinal tract, were assayed in vitro for their capacity to catalyse n-nitrosation of a series of medicinal drugs and other compounds. following incubation at ph 7.2 in the presence of nitrate (or nitrite) for up to 24 (48) h, the yield of n-nitroso compounds (noc) was quantified by hplc equipped with a post-column ... | 1997 | 9054633 |
| cd66-mediated phagocytosis of opa52 neisseria gonorrhoeae requires a src-like tyrosine kinase- and rac1-dependent signalling pathway. | the interaction of neisseria gonorrhoeae with human phagocytes is a hallmark of gonococcal infections. recently, cd66 molecules have been characterized as receptors for opa52-expressing gonococci on human neutrophils. here we show that opa52-expressing gonococci or escherichia coli or f(ab) fragments directed against cd66, respectively, activate a signalling cascade from cd66 via src-like protein tyrosine kinases, rac1 and pak to jun-n-terminal kinase. the induced signal is distinct from fcgamma ... | 1998 | 9430636 |
| association of neisseria cinerea with ocular infections in paediatric patients. | twenty-two strains of neisseria cinerea were recovered from paediatric patients over a 7-year period and forwarded to the microbial diseases laboratory for biochemical identification and/or confirmation. eighteen of these 22 strains (82%) were recovered from the eyes of very young children (< or = 1 year), > 50% occurring during the neonatal period. the majority of eye isolates were involved in a variety of ocular infections including orbital cellulitis, conjunctivitis, and eye discharge (most c ... | 1998 | 9515668 |
| evaluation of amplicor neisseria gonorrhoeae pcr using cppb nested pcr and 16s rrna pcr. | certain strains of neisseria subflava and neisseria cinerea are known to produce false-positive results with the amplicor neisseria gonorrhoeae pcr (roche diagnostic systems, branchburg, n.j.). the analytical sensitivity and analytical specificity of three pcr tests were assessed with 3 geographically diverse n. gonorrhoeae strains and 30 non-n. gonorrhoeae neisseria spp. the sensitivities of the in-house nested cppb gene and the 16s rrna pcr methods were greater than that of the amplicor n. gon ... | 1999 | 9889224 |
| neisseria gonorrhoeae mutants altered in toxicity to human fallopian tubes and molecular characterization of the genetic locus involved. | in an effort to identify potential cytotoxins expressed by neisseria gonorrhoeae, we have identified a locus that, when mutated in the gonococcus, results in a significant increase in toxicity of the strain to human fallopian tube organ cultures (hftoc). this locus, gly1, contains two open reading frames (orfs) which are likely cotranscribed. orf1 encodes a polypeptide of 17.8 kda with a signal sequence that is recognized and processed in escherichia coli and n. gonorrhoeae. the 15.6-kda process ... | 1999 | 9916071 |
| hmbr, a hemoglobin-binding outer membrane protein of neisseria meningitidis, undergoes phase variation. | neisseria meningitidis uses hemoglobin (hb) as an iron source via two tonb-dependent outer membrane receptors, hmbr and hpub. analysis of 25 epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates from serogroups a, b, c, and y revealed that 64% strains possessed both hb receptor genes. examination of the hmbr expression pattern in strains in which the hpub gene was genetically inactivated revealed two distinct hb utilization phenotypes. five strains retained the ability to grow as a confluent lawn, while ... | 1999 | 10094683 |
| in vitro activities of ketolides hmr 3647 [correction of hrm 3647] and hmr 3004 [correction of hrm 3004], levofloxacin, and other quinolones and macrolides against neisseria spp. and moraxella catarrhalis. | in vitro activities of the ketolides hmr 3647 [corrected] and hmr 3004 [corrected] against pathogenic neisseria gonorrhoeae and n. meningitidis, saprophytic neisseria isolates, and moraxella catarrhalis were determined. the comparison of ketolide activities with those of the other macrolides shows a much better activity in the majority of species, with macrolide mics at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited between 8- and 10-fold higher. | 1999 | 10103218 |
| structural and evolutionary inference from molecular variation in neisseria porins. | the porin proteins of the pathogenic neisseria species, neisseria gonorrhoeae and neisseria meningitidis, are important as serotyping antigens, putative vaccine components, and for their proposed role in the intracellular colonization of humans. a three-dimensional structural homology model for neisseria porins was generated from escherichia coli porin structures and n. meningitidis pora and porb sequences. the neisseria sequences were readily assembled into the 16-strand beta-barrel fold charac ... | 1999 | 10225902 |
| linezolid activity compared to those of selected macrolides and other agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from soft tissue bite infections in humans. | linezolid was tested against 420 aerobes and anaerobes, including 148 pasteurella isolates, by an agar dilution method. linezolid was active against all pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida and p. multocida subsp. septica isolates and most pasteurella canis, pasteurella dagmatis, and pasteurella stomatis isolates. the mic was </=2 microg/ml for staphylococci, streptococci, ef-4b, weeksella zoohelcum, fusobacterium nucleatum, other fusobacteria, porphyromonas spp., prevotella spp., peptostrepto ... | 1999 | 10348773 |
| activity of gatifloxacin compared to those of five other quinolones versus aerobic and anaerobic isolates from skin and soft tissue samples of human and animal bite wound infections. | the activity of gatifloxacin against 308 aerobes and 112 anaerobes isolated from bite wound infections was studied. gatifloxacin was active at </=0.016 microg/ml against all 148 pasteurella isolates (eight species and three subspecies) tested and all other aerobes tested, including actinobacillus-haemophilus spp., eikenella corrodens, neisseria weaveri, weeksella zoohelcum, staphylococci, and streptococci. fusobacteria were sometimes resistant. gatifloxacin mics at which 90% of the isolates were ... | 1999 | 10348774 |
| characterization of the ftsz cell division gene of neisseria gonorrhoeae: expression in escherichia coli and n. gonorrhoeae. | we cloned the cell division gene ftsz of the gram-negative coccus neisseria gonorrhoeae (ng) strain ch811, characterized it genetically and phenotypically, and studied its localization in n. gonorrhoeae and escherichia coli (ec). the 1,179-bp orf of ftsz(ng) encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 41.5 kda. protein sequence alignments indicate that ftsz(ng) is similar to other ftsz proteins and contains the conserved gtp binding motif. ftsz homologues were identified in several n. g ... | 2000 | 10648099 |
| lipooligosaccharide p(k) (galalpha1-4galbeta1-4glc) epitope of moraxella catarrhalis is a factor in resistance to bactericidal activity mediated by normal human serum. | moraxella catarrhalis is a respiratory pathogen responsible for acute bacterial otitis media in children and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in adults. m. catarrhalis strains are frequently resistant to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum. in order to determine if the lipooligosaccharide (los) of m. catarrhalis has a role in serum resistance, the udp-glucose-4-epimerase (gale) gene was identified, cloned, and sequenced and a deletion/insertion mutation was introduced into m. catar ... | 2000 | 10948153 |
| leap-1, a novel highly disulfide-bonded human peptide, exhibits antimicrobial activity. | we report the isolation and characterization of a novel human peptide with antimicrobial activity, termed leap-1 (liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide). using a mass spectrometric assay detecting cysteine-rich peptides, a 25-residue peptide containing four disulfide bonds was identified in human blood ultrafiltrate. leap-1 expression was predominantly detected in the liver, and, to a much lower extent, in the heart. in radial diffusion assays, gram-positive bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtili ... | 2000 | 11034317 |
| diagnostic performance of the roche amplicor pcr in detecting neisseria gonorrhoeae in genitourinary specimens from female sex workers in cotonou, benin. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the roche multiplex amplicor chlamydia trachomatis/neisseria gonorrhoeae pcr test for the detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in female urine specimens and wet and dry endocervical swabs. endocervical swabs and urine specimens were collected from 342 female sex workers from cotonou, benin, and were tested using the amplicor c. trachomatis/n. gonorrhoeae test (roche diagnostic systems, inc., branchburg, n.j.) with ... | 2000 | 11060071 |
| degradation of heme in gram-negative bacteria: the product of the hemo gene of neisseriae is a heme oxygenase. | a full-length heme oxygenase gene from the gram-negative pathogen neisseria meningitidis was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. expression of the enzyme yielded soluble catalytically active protein and caused accumulation of biliverdin within the e. coli cells. the purified hemo forms a 1:1 complex with heme and has a heme protein spectrum similar to that previously reported for the purified heme oxygenase (hmuo) from the gram-positive pathogen corynebacterium diphtheriae and for eukaryot ... | 2000 | 11073924 |
| diagnostics of neisseriaceae and moraxellaceae by ribosomal dna sequencing: ribosomal differentiation of medical microorganisms. | fast and reliable identification of microbial isolates is a fundamental goal of clinical microbiology. however, in the case of some fastidious gram-negative bacterial species, classical phenotype identification based on either metabolic, enzymatic, or serological methods is difficult, time-consuming, and/or inadequate. 16s or 23s ribosomal dna (rdna) bacterial sequencing will most often result in accurate speciation of isolates. therefore, the objective of this study was to find a hypervariable ... | 2001 | 11230407 |
| rho is not essential for viability or virulence in staphylococcus aureus. | we have identified the gene for transcription termination factor rho in staphylococcus aureus. deletion of rho in s. aureus reveals that it is not essential for viability or virulence. we also searched the available bacterial genomic sequences for homologs of rho and found that it is broadly distributed and highly conserved. exceptions include streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, mycoplasma genitalium, mycoplasma pneumoniae, ureaplasma urealyticum, and synechocystis sp. strain pcc68 ... | 2001 | 11257021 |
| genetic diversity of neisseria lactamica strains from epidemiologically defined carriers. | we assessed the genetic diversity of 26 neisseria lactamica strains from epidemiologically related sources, i.e., groups of kindergartens and primary schools in three bavarian towns, by the partial sequencing of the argf, rho, reca, and 16s ribosomal genes. we found a total of 17 genotypes, of which 12 were found only in one strain. the genotypes comprised 5 alleles of the argf gene, 9 of rho, 8 of reca, and 10 of the 16s ribosomal dna. sequence analysis by determination of homoplasy ratios and ... | 2001 | 11325979 |
| evaluation of the roche neisseria gonorrhoeae 16s rrna pcr for confirmation of amplicor pcr-positive samples and comparison of its diagnostic performance according to storage conditions and preparation of endocervical specimens. | the amplicor pcr was used to detect neisseria gonorrhoeae in endocervical specimens. a 16s rrna pcr performed on n. gonorrhoeae-positive samples showed sensitivities of 73.2, 64.3, and 94.4% for samples treated directly with amplicor lysis buffer, samples suspended in 2-sucrose phosphate, and samples suspended in diluted phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. | 2001 | 11376070 |
| directional gene movement from human-pathogenic to commensal-like streptococci. | group a streptococci (gas) are highly pathogenic for humans, and their closest genetic relatives, group c and g streptococci (gcs and ggs, respectively), are generally regarded as commensals, although they can be found in association with human disease. as part of an effort to better understand the evolution of virulence, the phylogenetic relationships between gas, gcs, and ggs were examined. the nucleotide sequence was determined for an internal portion of seven housekeeping (neutral) loci amon ... | 2001 | 11447161 |
| evaluation of cobas amplicor (roche): accuracy in detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae by coamplification of endocervical specimens. | we evaluated further the accuracy of the cobas amplicor (roche) (ca) pcr-based system in detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae in endocervical specimens. endocervical specimens collected for any indication for testing for c. trachomatis and n. gonorrhoeae among a university hospital health system population were included. testing for c. trachomatis was done by two pcr methods, ca and manual microwell amplicor (roche) (mwa), and by culture; testing for n. gonorrhoeae was do ... | 2001 | 11474015 |
| enhancing the specificity of the cobas amplicor ct/ng test for neisseria gonorrhoeae by retesting specimens with equivocal results. | the cobas amplicor ct/ng test for neisseria gonorrhoeae cross-reacts with certain strains of nonpathogenic neisseria species. in some strains, the target sequence is identical to that of n. gonorrhoeae, whereas other strains have a small number of mismatches within the regions recognized by the primers or probe used in the cobas amplicor ng test. these cross-reactive strains are occasionally present in urogenital specimens, causing false-positive results in the cobas amplicor ng test. analysis o ... | 2001 | 11526134 |
| moraxella catarrhalis: from emerging to established pathogen. | moraxella catarrhalis (formerly known as branhamella catarrhalis) has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen of humans over the past two decades. during this period, microbiological and molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed and improved for m. catarrhalis, allowing the adequate determination and taxonomic positioning of this pathogen. over the same period, studies have revealed its involvement in respiratory (e.g., sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, and pneumonia) and ocular ... | 2002 | 11781271 |
| in vitro activities of the des-fluoro(6) quinolone bms-284756 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human bite wound infections. | bms-284756, a new des-fluoro(6) quinolone, was very active against 240 aerobic and 180 anaerobic isolates from bite victims. it inhibited 403 of 420 (96%) isolates, including those of moraxella spp., cdc group ef-4, and eikenella corrodens at < or = 2 microg/ml and those of all pasteurella spp. and bergeyella zoohelcum at < or = 0.015 microg/ml. fusobacterium russii and 6 of 11 fusobacterium nucleatum isolates of animal bite origin were resistant, but isolates of human bite origin were susceptib ... | 2002 | 11850275 |
| neisseria cinerea, a bacterium whose bacteriological identification is difficult. | | 1999 | 11851698 |
| evaluation of dry and wet transported intravaginal swabs in detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in female soldiers by pcr. | screening women for sexually transmitted diseases (std) in nonclinic settings is highly desirable because many infections are asymptomatic. this is especially true for military women, for whom logistical, social, and other job-related obstacles present barriers to accessing medical care. we assessed the accuracy of intravaginal swabs transported by mail in a wet versus a dry state for pcr (amplicor ct/ng test) detection of chlamydia and gonorrhea infections in a cross-sectional study of 793 acti ... | 2002 | 11880389 |
| helicobacter pylori does not mediate the formation of carcinogenic n-nitrosamines. | both n-nitroso compounds and colonization with helicobacter pylori represent known risk-factors for the development of gastric cancer. endogenous formation of n-nitroso compounds is thought to occur predominantly in acidic environments such as the stomach. at neutral ph, bacteria can catalyze the formation of n-nitroso compounds. based on experiments with a noncarcinogenic n-nitroso compound as end product, and using only a single h. pylori strain, it was recently reported that h. pylori only di ... | 2002 | 12047321 |
| sulphonamide resistant commensal neisseria with alterations in the dihydropteroate synthase can be isolated from carriers not exposed to sulphonamides. | development of sulphonamide resistance in neisseria meningitidis has been suggested to involve horizontal dna-transfer from a commensal neisseria species. in this study, we isolated commensal neisseria from throat specimens and examined the isolates with respect to sulphonamide resistance. | 2002 | 12435277 |
| mosaic-like structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 gene (pena) in clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime. | neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with reduced susceptibility to cefixime (mics, 0.25 to 0.5 micro g/ml) were isolated from male urethritis patients in tokyo, japan, in 2000 and 2001. the resistance to cephems including cefixime and penicillin was transferred to a susceptible recipient, n. gonorrhoeae atcc 19424, by transformation of the penicillin-binding protein 2 gene (pena) that had been amplified by pcr from a strain with reduced susceptibility to cefixime (mic, 0.5 micro g/ml). the sequences o ... | 2002 | 12435671 |
| inhibition of neisseria gonorrhoeae by lactobacillus species that are commonly isolated from the female genital tract. | epidemiological studies suggest h(2)o(2)-producing lactobacilli protect women against gonorrhea. here we demonstrate that lactobacillus crispatus and lactobacillus jensenii, the most common lactobacilli in the female genital tract, inhibit gonococci in both acidic and neutral ph conditions. inhibition was neutralized by bovine catalase, suggesting that h(2)o(2) is the primary mediator of inhibition. | 2002 | 12438404 |
| isolation and biochemical characterization of leap-2, a novel blood peptide expressed in the liver. | the human genome contains numerous genes whose protein products are unknown in terms of structure, interaction partner, expression, and function. to unravel the function of these orphan genes, it is of particular value to isolate native forms of protein and peptide products derived from these genes. from human blood ultrafiltrate, we characterized a novel gene-encoded, cysteine-rich, and cationic peptide that we termed liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (leap-2). we identified several circu ... | 2003 | 12493837 |
| identification of haemophilus influenzae serotypes by standard slide agglutination serotyping and pcr-based capsule typing. | to resolve discrepancies in slide agglutination serotyping (sast) results from state health departments and the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), we characterized 141 of 751 invasive haemophilus influenzae isolates that were identified in the united states from january 1998 to december 1999 through an active, laboratory-based, surveillance program coordinated by the cdc. we found discrepancies between the results of sast performed at state health departments and those of pcr caps ... | 2003 | 12517878 |
| serotype distribution, antibiotic susceptibility, and genetic relatedness of neisseria meningitidis strains recently isolated in italy. | the availability of new polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against neisseria meningitidis serogroup c prompted european national health authorities to carefully monitor isolate characteristics. in italy, during 1999-2001, the average incidence was 0.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. serogroup b was predominant and accounted for 75% of the isolates, followed by serogroup c with 24%. serogroup c was isolated almost twice as frequently in cases of septicemia than in cases of meningitis, and t ... | 2003 | 12567299 |
| evaluation of the specificities of five dna amplification methods for the detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the intragenus specificities of five molecular diagnostic methods for neisseria gonorrhoeae were determined. three assays were considered suboptimal. molecular detection of n. gonorrhoeae from sites where other neisseria spp. commonly occur or from any site in low-prevalence settings should be confirmed by a test targeting a different genetic locus. | 2003 | 12574295 |
| tricuspid valve endocarditis due to neisseria cinerea. | reported here is a case of infective endocarditis caused by the saprophytic species neisseria cinerea. to the best of our knowledge, this etiology has not been documented in the medical literature previously. the patient was an intravenous drug addict who developed tricuspid endocarditis with lung embolism. the disease was cured after treatment with ampicillin/clavulanate that was changed to ceftriaxone after an embolic event. | 2003 | 12627284 |
| hepcidin: the missing link between hemochromatosis and infections. | | 2003 | 14638752 |
| use of real-time pcr to resolve slide agglutination discrepancies in serogroup identification of neisseria meningitidis. | neisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and septicemia in children and young adults in the united states. rapid and reliable identification of n. meningitidis serogroups is crucial for judicious and expedient response to cases of meningococcal disease, including decisions about vaccination campaigns. from 1997 to 2002, 1,298 n. meningitidis isolates, collected in the united states through the active bacterial core surveillance (abcs), were tested by slide agglutination ... | 2004 | 14715772 |
| functional diversity of three different dsba proteins from neisseria meningitidis. | the genome of neisseria meningitidis serogroup b strain mc58 contains three genes - nmb0278, nmb0294 and nmb0407 - encoding putative homologues of dsba, a periplasmic thiol disulphide oxidoreductase protein-folding catalyst of the dsb protein family. dsba assists the folding of periplasmic and membrane proteins in diverse organisms. while all three cloned genes complemented the dtt sensitivity of dsba-null escherichia coli, they showed different activities in folding specific target proteins in ... | 2004 | 15347757 |
| critical aspects of analysis of micrococcus luteus, neisseria cinerea, and pseudomonas fluorescens by means of capillary electrophoresis. | within the frame of our study we investigated microccocus luteus, neisseria cinerea, and pseudomonas fluorescens by means of capillary zone electrophoresis (cze). they form chains and clusters on a different scale, which can be reflected in the electropherograms. a low buffer concentration of tris-borate and na2edta containing a polymeric matrix of 0.0125% poly(ethylene) oxide (peo) was used. key factors were the standardization and optimization of ce conditions, buffer solution, and pretreatmen ... | 2004 | 15472973 |
| emergence and spread of neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates harboring mosaic-like structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 in central japan. | of 150 clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae recovered in 2001, we examined 55 clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae for which cefixime mics were > or=0.125 microg/ml and randomly selected 15 isolates for which cefixime mics were < or =0.06 microg/ml for analysis of alterations in the penicillin-binding protein 2 (pbp 2) gene. we found insertion of an extra codon (asp-345a) in the transpeptidase domain of pbp 2, and this insertion occurred alone or in conjunction with other amino acid substit ... | 2005 | 15616287 |
| evaluation of conventional and real-time pcr assays using two targets for confirmation of results of the cobas amplicor chlamydia trachomatis/neisseria gonorrhoeae test for detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae in clinical samples. | two conventional pcr-enzyme immunoassays (pcr-eias) and two real-time pcr assays (lightcycler system; roche diagnostics) were evaluated as confirmation assays with cppb and 16s rrna genes as targets. of 765 male and female genitourinary and nasopharyngeal specimens positive for neisseria gonorrhoeae in the cobas amplicor chlamydia trachomatis/neisseria gonorrhoeae pcr test (roche diagnostics), 229 (30%) were confirmed positive; 13 of these (5.7%) were lacking the cppb gene. of the 534 samples (7 ... | 2005 | 15872247 |
| ceacam engagement by human pathogens enhances cell adhesion and counteracts bacteria-induced detachment of epithelial cells. | exfoliation, which is the detachment of infected epithelial cells, is an innate defense mechanism to prevent bacterial colonization. indeed, infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae induced epithelial detachment from an extracellular matrix (ecm) substrate in vitro. surprisingly, variants of n. gonorrhoeae that bind to human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (ceacams) failed to induce detachment and, instead, promoted enhanced host cell adhesion to the ecm. microarray analysis ... | 2005 | 16115956 |
| prospective comparison of cell cultures and nucleic acid amplification tests for laboratory diagnosis of chlamydia trachomatis infections. | specimens submitted in m5 medium for cell culture detection of chlamydia trachomatis were tested by nucleic acid amplification testing (naat) and in cell cultures. of 35 (genital) and 26 (nongenital) specimens positive for c. trachomatis, 21 and 14 specimens, respectively, were detected exclusively by naat. naat is significantly (p<0.0001) more sensitive than cell culture and should be considered the new "gold standard" for the laboratory diagnosis of c. trachomatis infections. | 2005 | 16208009 |
| specific and sensitive detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae in clinical specimens by real-time pcr. | early diagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae infections is important with regard to patients' health and infectivity. we report the development of a specific and sensitive taqman assay for the detection of n. gonorrhoeae in clinical samples. the target sequence is a 76-bp fragment of the 5' untranslated region of the opa genes that encode opacity proteins. a panel of 448 well-defined n. gonorrhoeae isolates was used to evaluate and optimize the assay. the method employs two minor-groove binding prob ... | 2005 | 16272500 |
| multiplex pcr assay that identifies the major lipooligosaccharide serotype expressed by moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates. | a heterologous cluster of glycosyltransferase genes was identified in the three moraxella catarrhalis los serotype strains. multiple pcr primers designed to this region amplified products that differentiate between the serotypes more rapidly and efficiently than previously described serological analyses. this assay will be valuable for clinical and research-based studies. | 2005 | 16333114 |
| nucleic acid amplification testing for neisseria gonorrhoeae: an ongoing challenge. | nucleic acid amplification tests (naats) for the detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae became available in the early 1990s. although offering several advantages over traditional detection methods, n. gonorrhoeae naats do have some limitations. these include cost, risk of carryover contamination, inhibition, and inability to provide antibiotic resistance data. in addition, there are sequence-related limitations that are unique to n. gonorrhoeae naats. in particular, false-positive results are a majo ... | 2006 | 16436629 |
| variations in gene organization and dna uptake signal sequence in the folp region between commensal and pathogenic neisseria species. | horizontal gene transfer is an important source of genetic variation among neisseria species and has contributed to the spread of resistance to penicillin and sulfonamide drugs in the pathogen neisseria meningitidis. sulfonamide resistance in neisseria meningitidis is mediated by altered chromosomal folp genes. at least some folp alleles conferring resistance have been horizontally acquired from other species, presumably from commensal neisseriae. in this work, the dna sequence surrounding folp ... | 2006 | 16503987 |
| molecular characterization of subject-specific oral microflora during initial colonization of enamel. | the initial microbial colonization of tooth surfaces is a repeatable and selective process, with certain bacterial species predominating in the nascent biofilm. characterization of the initial microflora is the first step in understanding interactions among community members that shape ensuing biofilm development. using molecular methods and a retrievable enamel chip model, we characterized the microbial diversity of early dental biofilms in three subjects. a total of 531 16s rrna gene sequences ... | 2006 | 16597990 |
| rapid detection of brucella spp. in blood cultures by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | brucellosis is a severe systemic disease in humans. we describe a new 16s rrna-based fluorescence in situ hybridization assay that facilitates rapid and specific detection of all human pathogenic species of brucella and that can be applied directly to positive blood cultures. | 2006 | 16672413 |
| the majority of genes in the pathogenic neisseria species are present in non-pathogenic neisseria lactamica, including those designated as 'virulence genes'. | neisseria meningitidis causes the life-threatening diseases meningococcal meningitis and meningococcal septicemia. neisseria gonorrhoeae is closely related to the meningococcus, but is the cause of the very different infection, gonorrhea. a number of genes have been implicated in the virulence of these related yet distinct pathogens, but the genes that define and differentiate the species and their behaviours have not been established. further, a related species, neisseria lactamica is not assoc ... | 2006 | 16734888 |
| low-phosphate-dependent invasion resembles a general way for neisseria gonorrhoeae to enter host cells. | obligate human-pathogenic neisseria gonorrhoeae expresses numerous variant surface proteins mediating adherence to and invasion of target cells. the invariant major outer membrane porin porb of serotype a (p.ia) gonococci triggers invasion into chang cells only if the medium is devoid of phosphate. since gonococci expressing porb(ia) are frequently isolated from patients with severe disseminating infections, the interaction initiated by the porin may be of major relevance for the development of ... | 2006 | 16790801 |
| ciprofloxacin treatment of bacterial peritonitis associated with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis caused by neisseria cinerea. | bacterial peritonitis is a well-recognized complication of chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) in patients with end-stage renal failure. we present a case of peritonitis due to an unusual pathogen, neisseria cinerea, unresponsive to the standard intraperitoneal (i.p.) vancomycin and gentamicin, which responded rapidly to oral ciprofloxacin. | 2006 | 16891538 |
| amino acid substitutions in mosaic penicillin-binding protein 2 associated with reduced susceptibility to cefixime in clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the molecular mechanisms of reduced susceptibility to cefixime in clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae, particularly amino acid substitutions in mosaic penicillin-binding protein 2 (pbp2), were examined. the complete sequence of pona, pena, and por genes, encoding, respectively, pbp1, pbp2, and porin, were determined for 58 strains isolated in 2002 from japan. replacement of leucine 421 by proline in pbp1 and the mosaic-like structure of pbp2 were detected in 48 strains (82.8%) and 28 stra ... | 2006 | 16940068 |
| a fast real-time polymerase chain reaction method for sensitive and specific detection of the neisseria gonorrhoeae pora pseudogene. | ever since the advent of molecular methods, the diagnostics of neisseria gonorrhoeae has been troubled by false negative and false positive results compared with culture. commensal neisseria species and neisseria meningitidis are closely related to n. gonorrhoeae and may cross-react when using molecular tests comprising too-low specificity. we have devised a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr), including an internal amplification control, that targets the n. gonorrhoeae pora pseudogene. dn ... | 2006 | 17065426 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| comparative genomics of neisseria meningitidis: core genome, islands of horizontal transfer and pathogen-specific genes. | to better understand neisseria meningitidis genomes and virulence, microarray comparative genome hybridization (mcgh) data were collected from one neisseria cinerea, two neisseria lactamica, two neisseria gonorrhoeae and 48 neisseria meningitidis isolates. for n. meningitidis, these isolates are from diverse clonal complexes, invasive and carriage strains, and all major serogroups. the microarray platform represented n. meningitidis strains mc58, z2491 and fam18, and n. gonorrhoeae fa1090. by co ... | 2006 | 17159225 |
| characteristics of the m2000 automated sample preparation and multiplex real-time pcr system for detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae. | we evaluated a new real-time pcr-based prototype assay for the detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae developed by abbott molecular inc. this assay is designed to be performed on an abbott m2000 real-time instrument system, which consists of an m2000sp instrument for sample preparation and an m2000rt instrument for real-time pcr amplification and detection. the limit of detection of this prototype assay was determined to be 20 copies of target dna for both c. trachomatis an ... | 2007 | 17202273 |
| neisseria species identification assay for the confirmation of neisseria gonorrhoeae-positive results of the cobas amplicor pcr. | screening assays for neisseria gonorrhoeae exhibit low positive predictive values, particularly in low-prevalence populations. a new real-time pcr assay that detects and identifies individual neisseria spp. using melt curve analysis was compared to two previously published supplementary assays. nsppid, a 16s rrna real-time pcr/melt curve assay developed to distinguish n. gonorrhoeae from other neisseria spp., was compared to real-time pcr assays targeting genes reportedly specific for n. gonorrh ... | 2007 | 17360838 |
| neisseria-cinerea-induced pulmonary cavitation in a renal transplant patient. | | 2007 | 17389625 |
| decreased affinity of mosaic-structure recombinant penicillin-binding protein 2 for oral cephalosporins in neisseria gonorrhoeae. | in neisseria gonorrhoeae, the mosaic structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 (pbp 2), composed of fragments of pbp 2 from neisseria cinerea and neisseria perflava, was significantly associated with decreased susceptibility to cephalosporins, particularly oral cephalosporins. the aim of this study was to determine the affinity of mosaic pbp 2 for cephalosporins in n. gonorrhoeae. | 2007 | 17540669 |
| microbiological evaluation of the new vitek 2 neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | vitek 2 is an automated identification system for diverse bacterial and fungal species. a new card (the neisseria-haemophilus [nh] card) for the identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative or gram-variable microorganisms has been developed, but its performance in a routine clinical laboratory has not yet been evaluated. in this study, a total of 188 bacterial strains belonging to the genera actinobacillus, campylobacter, capnocytophaga, cardiobacterium, ... | 2007 | 17728469 |
| species status of neisseria gonorrhoeae: evolutionary and epidemiological inferences from multilocus sequence typing. | various typing methods have been developed for neisseria gonorrhoeae, but none provide the combination of discrimination, reproducibility, portability, and genetic inference that allows the analysis of all aspects of the epidemiology of this pathogen from a single data set. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has been used successfully to characterize the related organisms neisseria meningitidis and neisseria lactamica. here, the same seven locus neisseria scheme was used to characterize a diverse ... | 2007 | 17825091 |
| the laboratory diagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the present article describes the laboratory diagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae by culturing of the organism from different types of clinical specimens followed by confirmatory tests. the success of culture methods requires good quality collection and transport of clinical specimens. the present guide describes the media requirements and cultural conditions for n gonorrhoeae growth and the characteristics for a presumptive identification of n gonorrhoeae. confirmatory tests include biochemical t ... | 2005 | 18159523 |
| rapid detection of the mosaic structure of the neisseria gonorrhoeae pena gene, which is associated with decreased susceptibilities to oral cephalosporins. | in neisseria gonorrhoeae, the mosaic structure of the pena gene (encoding penicillin-binding protein 2 [pbp 2]), which is composed of fragments of the pena genes from neisseria cinerea and neisseria perflava, has been significantly associated with decreased susceptibility to cephalosporins, particularly oral cephalosporins. the aim of this study was to develop a rapid assay for the detection of mosaic pbp 2 of n. gonorrhoeae by real-time pcr. this assay successfully detected the mosaic pena gene ... | 2008 | 18367575 |
| analysis of amino acid sequences of penicillin-binding protein 2 in clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone. | neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cefixime of 0.125-0.25 microg/ml and ceftriaxone of 0.031-0.125 microg/ml, were isolated from male urethritis patients in tokyo, japan, in 2006. the amino acid sequences of pena, penicillin-binding protein 2, in these strains were of two types: pena mosaic and nonmosaic strains. in the pena mosaic strain, some regions in the transpeptidase-encoding domain in pen ... | 2008 | 18574654 |
| multicenter evaluation of the new vitek 2 neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | the new neisseria-haemophilus identification (nh) card for vitek 2 was compared with 16s rrna gene sequencing (16s) as the reference method for accurate identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative bacteria. testing was performed on the vitek 2 xl system with modified software at three clinical trial laboratories. reproducibility was determined with nine atcc quality control strains tested 20 times over a minimum of 10 days at all three sites. a challeng ... | 2008 | 18579712 |
| a common gene pool for the neisseria feta antigen. | meningococcal feta is an iron-regulated, immunogenic outer membrane protein and vaccine component. the most diverse region of this protein is a previously defined variable region (vr) that has been shown to be immunodominant. in this analysis, a total of 275 neisseria lactamica isolates, collected during studies of nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in infants, were examined for the presence of a feta gene. the feta vr nucleotide sequence was determined for 217 of these isolates, with feta appare ... | 2009 | 18718812 |