| second serogroup of legionella feeleii strains isolated from humans. | three strains of legionella feeleii from patients with pneumonia (425-mi-h, 691-wi-h, and 693-wi-h) and one environmental strain (713-mi-e) received at the centers for disease control for reference diagnostic testing were compared with the type strain wo-44c-c3 (atcc 35072) by dna hybridization, chemical analysis of cellular fatty acids and ubiquinones, biochemical tests, and serological characteristics. all four isolates were assigned to the l. feeleii species on the basis of dna hybridization ... | 1985 | 3894411 |
| cellular fatty acid composition and ubiquinone content of legionella feeleii sp. nov. | the cellular fatty acid composition of legionella feeleii was determined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography, and the ubiquinone content was determined by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. as in other legionella species, this new species is characterized by relatively large amounts of branched-chain fatty acids and by major amounts of ubiquinones with more than 10 isoprene units in the side chain. | 1983 | 6630470 |
| cloning and genetic characterization of the flagellum subunit gene (flaa) of legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. | the gene flaa, encoding the flagellum subunit protein of legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, has been isolated from an expression library of l. pneumophila isolate corby in escherichia coli k-12 by using an antiflagellin specific polyclonal antiserum. dna sequence analysis of the flaa gene revealed the presence of a 1,428-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 475 amino acids with an apparent molecular mass of 48 kda that is expressed independently of an e. coli vector promoter. peptide seq ... | 1995 | 7790062 |
| sequence-based classification scheme for the genus legionella targeting the mip gene. | the identification and speciation of strains of legionella is often difficult, and even the more successful chromatographic classification techniques have struggled to discriminate newly described species. a sequence-based genotypic classification scheme is reported, targeting approximately 700 nucleotide bases of the mip gene and utilizing gene amplification and direct amplicon sequencing. with the exception of legionella geestiana, for which an amplicon was not produced, the scheme clearly and ... | 1998 | 9620377 |
| low endotoxic potential of legionella pneumophila lipopolysaccharide due to failure of interaction with the monocyte lipopolysaccharide receptor cd14. | legionella pneumophila, a gram-negative bacterium causing legionnaires' disease and pontiac fever, was shown to be highly reactive in in vitro gelation of limulus lysate but not able to induce fever and the local shwartzman reaction in rabbits and mice. we analyzed the capacity of purified l. pneumophila lipopolysaccharide (lps-lp) to induce activation of the human monocytic cell line mono mac 6, as revealed by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and desensitization to subsequent lps stimulat ... | 1998 | 9712761 |
| phylogenetic analysis of particle-attached and free-living bacterial communities in the columbia river, its estuary, and the adjacent coastal ocean. | the columbia river estuary is a dynamic system in which estuarine turbidity maxima trap and extend the residence time of particles and particle-attached bacteria over those of the water and free-living bacteria. particle-attached bacteria dominate bacterial activity in the estuary and are an important part of the estuarine food web. pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes from particle-attached and free-living bacteria in the columbia river, its estuary, and the adjacent coastal ocean were cloned, and 239 ... | 1999 | 10388721 |
| rapid identification of clinically relevant legionella spp. by analysis of transfer dna intergenic spacer length polymorphism. | analysis of pcr-amplified transfer dna (tdna) intergenic spacers was evaluated as a rapid method for identification to the species level of 18 species of legionella known as human pathogens. type strains (n = 19), reference strains (n = 16), environmental strains (n = 31), and clinical strains (n = 32) were tested. pcr products using outwardly directed tdna consensus primers were separated on polyacrylamide gels and analyzed with automated laser fluorescence. test results were obtained in 8 h st ... | 2001 | 11136765 |
| identification of legionella pneumophila rcp, a pagp-like gene that confers resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and promotes intracellular infection. | in the course of characterizing a locus involved in heme utilization, we identified a legionella pneumophila gene predicted to encode a protein with homology to the product of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium pagp gene. in salmonella, pagp increases resistance to the bactericidal effects of cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps). mutants with insertions in the l. pneumophila pagp-like gene were generated and showed decreased resistance to different structural classes of camps compare ... | 2001 | 11401964 |
| partitioning of bacterial communities between seawater and healthy, black band diseased, and dead coral surfaces. | distinct partitioning has been observed in the composition and diversity of bacterial communities inhabiting the surface and overlying seawater of three coral species infected with black band disease (bbd) on the southern caribbean island of curaçao, netherlands antilles. pcr amplification and sequencing of bacterial 16s rrna genes (rdna) with universally conserved primers have identified over 524 unique bacterial sequences affiliated with 12 bacterial divisions. the molecular sequences exhibite ... | 2002 | 11976091 |
| development and evaluation of chlamylege, a new commercial test allowing simultaneous detection and identification of legionella, chlamydophila pneumoniae, and mycoplasma pneumoniae in clinical respiratory specimens by multiplex pcr. | this study describes the development and evaluation of a new commercial test, chlamylege (argene inc.), which allows the simultaneous detection in respiratory samples of chlamydophila pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and most legionella species, as well as pcr inhibitors, by using a multiplex pcr and microplate hybridization. the sensitivities of chlamylege were 1 x 10(-3) ifu, 5 x 10(-2) color-changing units, and 1 cfu per reaction tube for c. pneumoniae, m. pneumoniae, and legionella pneumop ... | 2005 | 16000443 |
| coevolution between nonhomologous but functionally similar proteins and their conserved partners in the legionella pathogenesis system. | legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of legionnaires' disease, and other pathogenic legionella species multiply inside protozoa and human macrophages by using the intracellular multiplication (icm)/defect in organelle trafficking (dot) type-iv secretion system. the icmq protein, which possesses pore-forming activity, and icmr, which regulates the icmq activity, are two essential components of this system. analysis of the region expected to contain these two genes from 29 legionella specie ... | 2005 | 16091472 |
| legionella confirmation using real-time pcr and syto9 is an alternative to current methodology. | the currently accepted culture techniques for the detection of legionella spp. in water samples (as/nzs 3896:1998 and iso 11731 standard methods) are slow and laborious, requiring from 7 to 14 days for a result. we describe a fully validated rapid confirmation technique that uses real-time pcr incorporating the intercalating dye syto9 for the direct identification of primary cultures, significantly decreasing turnaround time and allowing faster remedial action to be taken by the industry. | 2005 | 16332896 |
| pontiac fever: an operational definition for epidemiological studies. | pontiac fever is usually described in epidemic settings. detection of pontiac fever is a marker of an environmental contamination by legionella and should thereby call for prevention measures in order to prevent outbreak of legionnaire's disease. the objective of this study is to propose an operational definition of pontiac fever that is amenable to epidemiological surveillance and investigation in a non epidemic setting. | 2006 | 16646972 |
| multigenome analysis identifies a worldwide distributed epidemic legionella pneumophila clone that emerged within a highly diverse species. | genomics can provide the basis for understanding the evolution of emerging, lethal human pathogens such as legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of legionnaires' disease. this bacterium replicates within amoebae and persists in the environment as a free-living microbe. among the many legionella species described, l. pneumophila is associated with 90% of human disease and within the 15 serogroups (sg), l. pneumophila sg1 causes over 84% of legionnaires' disease worldwide. why l. pneumophila ... | 2008 | 18256241 |
| legionella feeleii serotype 2 pneumonia in a man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a challenging diagnosis. | legionella feeleii has rarely been reported as causing pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies. we present a case of legionella feeleii serotype 2 pneumonia with empyema in a man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and describe the methods of identifying this organism using both standard methods and newer diagnostic techniques. | 2010 | 20357216 |
| high diversity and abundance of legionella spp. in a pristine river and impact of seasonal and anthropogenic effects. | the diversity and dynamics of legionella species along a french river watershed subject to different thermal and wastewater discharges during an annual cycle were assessed by 16s rrna gene sequencing and by a fingerprint technique, single-strand conformation polymorphism. a high diversity of legionella spp. was observed at all the sampling sites, and the dominant legionella clusters identified were most closely related to uncultured bacteria. the monthly monitoring revealed that legionella sp. d ... | 2010 | 20971864 |
| identification of legionella feeleii cellulitis. | | 2011 | 21192884 |
| susceptibility of legionella strains to the chlorinated biocide, monochloramine. | members of the legionella genus find suitable conditions for their growth and survival in nuclear power plant cooling circuits. to limit the proliferation of legionella pathogenic bacteria in nuclear power plant cooling circuits, and ensure that levels remain below regulatory thresholds, monochloramine treatment can be used. although the treatment is highly effective, i.e. it reduces legionella numbers by over 99%, legionella bacteria can still be detected at low concentrations and rapid re-colo ... | 2013 | 24005820 |
| a new oligonucleotide microarray for detection of pathogenic and non-pathogenic legionella spp. | legionella pneumophila has been recognized as the major cause of legionellosis since the discovery of the deadly disease. legionella spp. other than l. pneumophila were later found to be responsible to many non-pneumophila infections. the non-l. pneumophila infections are likely under-detected because of a lack of effective diagnosis. in this report, we have sequenced the 16s-23s rrna gene internal transcribed spacer (its) of 10 legionella species and subspecies, including l. anisa, l. bozemanii ... | 2014 | 25469776 |
| the legionella pneumophila collagen-like protein mediates sedimentation, autoaggregation, and pathogen-phagocyte interactions. | although only partially understood, multicellular behavior is relatively common in bacterial pathogens. bacterial aggregates can resist various host defenses and colonize their environment more efficiently than planktonic cells. for the waterborne pathogen legionella pneumophila, little is known about the roles of autoaggregation or the parameters which allow cell-cell interactions to occur. here, we determined the endogenous and exogenous factors sufficient to allow autoaggregation to take plac ... | 2014 | 24334670 |
| utility of pcr, culture, and antigen detection methods for diagnosis of legionellosis. | the goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the performance of different diagnostic tests for legionnaires' disease in a clinical setting where legionella pneumophila pcr had been introduced. electronic medical records at the cleveland clinic were searched for legionella urinary antigen (uag), culture, and pcr tests ordered from march 2010 through december 2013. for cases where two or more test methods were performed and at least one was positive, the medical record was reviewed for rel ... | 2015 | 26292304 |
| presence and persistence of viable, clinically relevant legionella pneumophila bacteria in garden soil in the netherlands. | garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic legionella bacteria. legionella bacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. of these 22 legionella-positive soil samples, seven contained legionella pneumophila several other species were found, including the pathogenic legionella longbeachae (4 gardens) and legionella sainthelensi (9 gardens). the l. pneumophila isolates comprised 15 different sequence types (sts), and eight ... | 2016 | 27316958 |
| determination of viable legionellae in engineered water systems: do we find what we are looking for? | in developed countries, legionellae are one of the most important water-based bacterial pathogens caused by management failure of engineered water systems. for routine surveillance of legionellae in engineered water systems and outbreak investigations, cultivation-based standard techniques are currently applied. however, in many cases culture-negative results are obtained despite the presence of viable legionellae, and clinical cases of legionellosis cannot be traced back to their respective con ... | 2016 | 26928563 |
| genome sequence of legionella tunisiensis strain legm(t), a new legionella species isolated from hypersaline lake water. | legionella tunisiensis is a gammaproteobacterium from the class legionellaceae, growing in amoebae. we sequenced the genome from strain legm(t). it is composed of 3,508,121 bp and contains 4,747 protein-coding genes and 38 rna genes, including 3 rrna genes. | 2012 | 23045493 |
| genome sequence of legionella massiliensis, isolated from a cooling tower water sample. | we present the draft genome sequence of legionella massiliensis strain lega(t), recovered from a cooling tower water sample, using an amoebal coculture procedure. the strain described here is composed of 4,387,007 bp, with a g+c content of 41.19%, and its genome has 3,767 protein-coding genes and 60 predicted rna genes. | 2014 | 25323728 |
| bacterial community diversity of the deep-sea octocoral paramuricea placomus. | compared to tropical corals, much less is known about deep-sea coral biology and ecology. although the microbial communities of some deep-sea corals have been described, this is the first study to characterize the bacterial community associated with the deep-sea octocoral, paramuricea placomus. samples from five colonies of p. placomus were collected from baltimore canyon (379-382 m depth) in the atlantic ocean off the east coast of the united states of america. dna was extracted from the coral ... | 2016 | 27703865 |