| [cloning the trpba-genes from pseudomonas mendocina and pseudomonas marginata]. | the trpba genes of pseudomonas mendocina and p. marginata were cloned in escherichia coli using pbr322 as a vector. transcription of the cloned genes took place from their own promoters, in the following order: trpb-->trpa. the latter genes were not linked to the trpf gene and could not be induced by indole glycerol phosphate. thus, the trpba cluster of p. mendocina and p. marginata are distinguished from that of p. putida, p. aeruginosa (trpiba) and p. acidovorans (trpfba). | 1992 | 1294446 |
| identification of a new gene, tmof, in the pseudomonas mendocina kr1 gene cluster encoding toluene-4-monooxygenase. | five genes, tmoabcde, encoding toluene-4-monooxygenase (t4mo) were previously mapped to a 3.6-kb region of a 10.2-kb saci dna fragment isolated from pseudomonas mendocina kr1 (k.-m. yen, m. r. karl, l. m. blatt, m. j. simon, r. b. winter, p. r. fausset, h. s. lu, a. a. harcourt, and k. k. chen, j. bacteriol. 173:5315-5327, 1991). in this report, we describe the identification and characterization of a dna region in the saci fragment whose expression enhances the t4mo activity determined by the t ... | 1992 | 1429451 |
| metabolic and energetic control of pseudomonas mendocina growth during transitions from aerobic to oxygen-limited conditions in chemostat cultures. | several metabolic fluxes were analyzed during gradual transitions from aerobic to oxygen-limited conditions in chemostat cultures of pseudomonas mendocina growing in synthetic medium at a dilution rate of 0.25 h-1. p. mendocina growth was glucose limited at high oxygen partial pressures (70 and 20% po2) and exhibited an oxidative type of metabolism characterized by respiratory quotient (rq) values of 1.0. a similar rq value was obtained at low po2 (2%), and detectable levels of acetic, formic, a ... | 1992 | 1444429 |
| inducible beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of non-aeruginosa pseudomonas. | the incidence of antimicrobial resistance and expression of imipenem-inducible beta-lactamase were examined in 22 strains of non-aeruginosa pseudomonas isolated from clinical specimens. the percentage of strains resistant to form one to eight antibiotics was 45. the most active antibiotics against all strains were norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. eighteen out of the 22 strains were positive for beta-lactamase in a spectrophotometric assay using nitrocefin as substrate. a low inducible be ... | 1992 | 1610551 |
| pseudomonas mendocina, an environmental bacterium isolated from a patient with human infective endocarditis. | pseudomonas mendocina has been isolated from soil and water samples. although it has been recovered from some human clinical samples, its pathogenic role has not yet been documented. we report the first known case of endocarditis in humans due to p. mendocina. | 1992 | 1624580 |
| biotransformation of nitrobenzene by bacteria containing toluene degradative pathways. | nonpolar nitroaromatic compounds have been considered resistant to attack by oxygenases because of the electron withdrawing properties of the nitro group. we have investigated the ability of seven bacterial strains containing toluene degradative pathways to oxidize nitrobenzene. cultures were induced with toluene vapor prior to incubation with nitrobenzene, and products were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. pseudomonas cepacia g4 and ... | 1991 | 1781679 |
| anaerobic growth and cyanide synthesis of pseudomonas aeruginosa depend on anr, a regulatory gene homologous with fnr of escherichia coli. | anaerobic growth of pseudomonas aeruginosa on nitrate or arginine requires the anr gene, which codes for a positive control element (anr) capable of functionally complementing an fnr mutation in escherichia coli. the anr gene was sequenced; it showed 51% identity with the fnr gene at the amino acid sequence level. four cysteine residues known to be essential in the fnr protein are conserved in anr. the anr gene product (deduced mr 27,129) was visualized by the maxicell method and migrated like a ... | 1991 | 1787798 |
| cloning and characterization of a pseudomonas mendocina kr1 gene cluster encoding toluene-4-monooxygenase. | pseudomonas mendocina kr1 metabolizes toluene as a carbon source by a previously unknown pathway. the initial step of the pathway is hydroxylation of toluene to form p-cresol by a multicomponent toluene-4-monooxygenase (t4mo) system. the t4mo enzyme system has broad substrate specificity and provides a new opportunity for biodegradation of toxic compounds and bioconversions. its known activities include conversion of a variety of phenyl compounds into the phenolic derivatives and the complete de ... | 1991 | 1885512 |
| toluene-4-monooxygenase, a three-component enzyme system that catalyzes the oxidation of toluene to p-cresol in pseudomonas mendocina kr1. | pseudomonas mendocina kr1 grows on toluene as a sole carbon and energy source. a multicomponent oxygenase was partially purified from toluene-grown cells and separated into three protein components. the reconstituted enzyme system, in the presence of nadh and fe2+, oxidized toluene to p-cresol as the first detectable product. experiments with p-deutero-toluene led to the isolation of p-cresol which retained 68% of the deuterium initially present in the parent molecule. when the reconstituted enz ... | 1991 | 2019563 |
| separation and partial characterization of the enzymes of the toluene-4-monooxygenase catabolic pathway in pseudomonas mendocina kr1. | the route of toluene degradation by pseudomonas mendocina kr1 was studied by separating or purifying from toluene-grown cells the catabolic enzymes responsible for oxidation of p-cresol through the ring cleavage step. enzymatic transformations corresponding to each of the metabolic steps in the proposed degradative pathway were conducted with cell-free preparations. p-cresol was metabolized by the enzyme p-cresol methylhydroxylase to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was further oxidi ... | 1991 | 2019564 |
| proton motive force, energy recycling by end product excretion, and metabolic uncoupling during anaerobic growth of pseudomonas mendocina. | batch cultures of pseudomonas mendocina, grown in rich medium with glucose excess, showed metabolic differences dependent upon whether the growth conditions were aerobic or anaerobic, with or without added electron acceptor. under anaerobic conditions in the absence of nitrate, p. mendocina reached the stationary phase of growth after 2 or 3 days, followed by a stationary phase of 4 to 5 days. under these conditions, a mixed-type fermentative metabolism (formic, lactic, and acetic acids) appeare ... | 1990 | 2254245 |
| quantitative selection of denitrifying bacteria in continuous cultures and requirement for organic carbon. ii. maltose. | a mixed population of bacteria from industrial nitrogen wastewaters was incubated in continuous culture in medium containing 1000-1300 mg nitrate nitrogen per litre and maltose as a source of organic carbon. maximal efficiency of denitrification was 8.6 mg n/1/h. the participation of denitrifying bacteria in the culture varied from 0% to about 80%, depending on the ratio of maltose concentration (cm) to nitrogen concentration (cn) in the medium. the optimal cm/cn ratio ensuring the greatest sele ... | 1985 | 2421546 |
| properties of a pseudomonas stutzeri outer membrane channel-forming protein (nosa) required for production of copper-containing n2o reductase. | a protein (nosa) in the outer membrane of pseudomonas stutzeri that is required for copper to be inserted into n2o reductase has been extracted and purified to homogeneity. the purified protein could form channels in black lipid bilayers. like n2o reductase, nosa contained copper and was only made anaerobically. in contrast to n2o reductase, its synthesis was repressed by exogenous copper (but not by mn, co, ni, zn, or fe). also in contrast to n2o reductase, nosa homologs were not immunologicall ... | 1989 | 2467899 |
| quantitative selection of denitrifying bacteria in continuous cultures and requirement for organic carbon. i. starch. | a mixed population of bacteria from bottom sludge of nitrogen wastewater reservoir was incubated in continuous culture in medium containing 1000 mg nitrate nitrogen/l and starch. maximal efficiency of denitrification was 5 mg n/l/h. marked changes in participation of denitrifying bacteria (16-76%) among total number of bacteria was observed, this being dependent on the ratio of starch concentration (cs) to nitrogen concentration (cn) in the medium. the optimal cs/cn ratio ensuring highest partic ... | 1985 | 2579531 |
| anti-pseudomonal activity of hr 810. | the anti-pseudomonal activity of hr 810, a new 2-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was compared to that of carbenicillin, azlocillin and cefsulodin against 187 non-fermenters. hr 810 was the best agent against pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens and acinetobacter calcoaceticus with an mic50 less than or equal to 4 mg/l and an mic90 less than or equal to 16 mg/l. it was as effective as azlocillin against pseudomonas stutzeri and pseudomonas mendocina, with an mic50 les ... | 1985 | 3922898 |
| thymidine salvage in pseudomonas stutzeri and pseudomonas aeruginosa provided by heterologous expression of escherichia coli thymidine kinase gene. | unlike enteric bacteria, pseudomonas spp. generally lack thymidine phosphorylase and thymidine kinase activities, thus preventing their utilization of exogenous thymine or thymidine and precluding specific radioactive labeling of their dna in vivo. to overcome this limitation, a dna fragment encoding thymidine kinase (ec 2.7.1.21) from escherichia coli was cloned into pkt230, a small, broad-host-range plasmid derived from plasmid rsf1010. from transformed e. coli colonies, the recombinant plasmi ... | 1985 | 3924894 |
| effect of various sources of organic carbon and high nitrite and nitrate concentrations on the selection of denitrifying bacteria. ii. continuous cultures in packed bed reactors. | the effect of different organic compounds, nitrites and nitrates at the concentration of 1,000 mg n/l on the quantitative and strain-specific selection of denitrifying bacteria was determined in anaerobic packed bed reactors. both the source of carbon and nitrogen form influenced strain specificity and the frequency of occurrence of denitrifying bacteria. the frequency of denitrifying bacteria within packed bed reactor ranged in different media from 11% (glucose and nitrates) to 100% (methanol a ... | 1983 | 6194668 |
| a new spatial structure for the axial methionine observed in cytochrome c5 from pseudomonas mendocina. correlations with the electronic structure of heme c. | cytochrome c5 from pseudomonas mendocina has been isolated and the coordination geometry at the heme iron was investigated by 1h nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism spectroscopy. individual assignments were obtained for heme c and the axial ligands. from studies of nuclear overhauser enhancements the axial histidine imidazole ring orientation relative to the heme group was found to coincide with that of other c-type cytochromes. in contrast, a new structure was observed for the axi ... | 1983 | 6309240 |
| coordination of the heme iron in the low-potential cytochromes c-553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris and desulfovibrio desulfuricans. different chirality of the axially bound methionine in the oxidized and reduced states. | the coordination geometry at the heme iron of the cytochromes c-553 from desulfovibrio vulgaris and desulfovibrio desulfuricans was investigated by 1h-nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism spectroscopy. individual assignments were obtained for heme c and the axial ligands. from studies of nuclear overhauser enhancements the axial histidine imidazole ring orientation relative to the heme group was found to coincide with other c-type cytochromes. in contrast, a new structure was observ ... | 1983 | 6313059 |
| structural basis for the variation of ph-dependent redox potentials of pseudomonas cytochromes c-551. | the redox potentials of many c-type cytochromes vary with ph over the physiological ph range. we have investigated the ph dependence of redox potential for the four homologous cytochromes c-551 from pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas stutzeri strain 221, pseudomonas stutzeri strain 224, and pseudomonas mendocina . the ph dependence is due to an ionizable group that ionizes with pkox in ferricytochrome c-551 but with a higher pk, pkred , in ferrocytochrome c-551. for p. aeruginosa cytochrome c-5 ... | 1984 | 6326813 |
| isolation of alginate-producing mutants of pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas putida and pseudomonas mendocina. | spontaneous alginate-producing (muc) variants were isolated from strains of pseudomonas fluorescens, p. putida and p. mendocina at a frequency of 1 in 10(8) by selecting for carbenicillin resistance. the infrared spectrum of the bacterial exopolysaccharide was typical of an acetylated alginate similar to that previously described in azotobacter vinelandii and in mucoid variants of p. aeruginosa. mucoid variants were not isolated from p. stutzeri, p. pseudoalcaligenes, p. testosteroni, p. diminut ... | 1981 | 6801192 |
| use of a simplified cell blot technique and 16s rrna-directed probes for identification of common environmental isolates. | a simple technique in which rrna-targeted oligodeoxynucleotide probes are used to identify bacteria immobilized on membranes is described. by using colony lifts, bacteria are directly transferred from plates to untreated nitrocellulose membranes. alternatively, cells resuspended from colonies can be applied to membranes by using a vacuum manifold under high-salt conditions. blotted cells are baked and hybridized under stringent conditions by using standard protocols. treatment of blotted cells w ... | 1993 | 7504429 |
| isolation and characterization of rna from low-biomass deep-subsurface sediments. | three methods for the isolation of microbial rna from low-biomass deep-subsurface sediments have been developed and evaluated. rna was isolated from samples taken from depths ranging from 173 to 217 m, and samples represented a variety of lithologies, including lacustrine, fluvial sand, and paleosol sediments. cell numbers in these samples were estimated to be between log 4.0 and log 5.1/g on the basis of phospholipid fatty acid analysis. the most efficient method examined is based on the direct ... | 1995 | 7574612 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of genes encoding a toluene/benzene-2-monooxygenase from pseudomonas sp. strain js150. | it was previously shown by others that pseudomonas sp. strain js150 metabolizes benzene and alkyl- and chloro-substituted benzenes by using dioxygenase-initiated pathways coupled with multiple downstream metabolic pathways to accommodate catechol metabolism. by cloning genes encoding benzene-degradative enzymes, we found that strain js150 also carries genes for a toluene/benzene-2-monooxygenase. the gene cluster encoding a 2-monooxygenase and its cognate regulator was cloned from a plasmid carri ... | 1995 | 7574644 |
| induction of toluene oxidation activity in pseudomonas mendocina kr1 and pseudomonas sp. strain envpc5 by chlorinated solvents and alkanes. | toluene oxidation activity in pseudomonas mendocina kr1 and pseudomonas sp. strain envpc5 was induced by trichloroethylene (tce), and induction was followed by the degradation of tce. higher levels of toluene oxidation activity were achieved in the presence of a supplemental growth substrate such as glutamate, with levels of activity of up to 86% of that observed with toluene-induced cells. activity in p. mendocina kr1 was also induced by cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, chloroethane ... | 1995 | 7574658 |
| oligonucleotide primers designed to differentiate pathogenic pseudomonads on the basis of the sequencing of genes coding for 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacers. | universal primers targeting conserved sequences flanking the 3' end of the 16s and the 5' end of the 23s rrna genes (rdnas) were used to amplify the 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacers (its) from eight species of pseudomonads which have been associated with human infections. amplicons from reference strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas gladioli, pseudomonas mallei, pseudomonas mendocina, pseudomonas pickettii, pseudomonas pseudomallei, and xanthomonas maltoph ... | 1995 | 7583922 |
| comparative ribosomal protein sequence analyses of a phylogenetically defined genus, pseudomonas, and its relatives. | i analyzed various families of ribosomal proteins obtained from selected species belonging to the genus pseudomonas sensu stricto and allied organisms which were previously classified in the genus pseudomonas. partial amino acid sequencing of l30 preparations revealed that the strains which i examined could be divided into three clusters. the first cluster, which was assigned to the genus pseudomonas sensu stricto, included pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas mendocina, and p ... | 1995 | 7727274 |
| sequence analysis of the gene cluster encoding toluene-3-monooxygenase from pseudomonas pickettii pko1. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence and gene organization of the locus encoding the initial step of the toluene-3-monooxygenase (tbu) pathway from pseudomonas pickettii pko1 has been determined. this is the first reported nt sequence for a toluene monooxygenase which hydroxylates the c-3 position of toluene. six tightly assembled structural genes encoding several tbu were identified and were designated tbua1, tbuu, tbub, tbuv, tbua2 and tbuc. comparison of the deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of each ... | 1995 | 7867951 |
| a prominent role for glucosylglycerol in the adaptation of pseudomonas mendocina skb70 to osmotic stress. | the mechanism of osmoadaptation in a salt-tolerant (1.2 m nacl) bacterial isolate identified as pseudomonas mendocina (n. j. palleroni, m. doudoroff, r. y. stanier, r. e. solanes, and r. mandel, j. gen. microbiol. 60:215-231, 1970) was investigated. in response to osmotic stress, this species accumulated a number of compatible solutes, the intracellular levels of which depended on both the osmolarity and the ionic composition of the growth medium. glucosylglycerol [alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-alpha-( ... | 1994 | 7961447 |
| an unusual conformation of the methionine haem ligand in cytochrome cl established by two-dimensional 1h-nmr. | a complete relaxation-matrix analysis of noesy cross-peak intensities was used to determine the conformation of the methionine ligand to the haem group in two ferrocytochromes cl from methylophilus methylotrophus and methylobacterium extorquens, including the configuration at the sulphur. the conformation of the axial methionine is of a type reported only for the cytochromes c5 from pseudomonas mendocina and azotobacter vinelandii. although the conformation of the methionine is unusual, the para ... | 1994 | 8055954 |
| self-mobilization and organization of the genes encoding the toluene metabolic pathway of pseudomonas mendocina kr1. | the toluene metabolic pathway of pseudomonas mendocina kr1 is chromosomally encoded, but the pathway could be transferred by conjugation from strain kr1 to the chromosome of p. aeruginosa or p. putida. such transconjugants utilized toluene, p-cresol, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. however, transconjugants were unable to further transfer toluene genes to other recipients unless pseudomonas sex factor r68.45 was present in trans. although the genes encoding the upper pathway for toluene metabolism in ... | 1994 | 8117079 |
| detection of pseudomonas aeruginosa from ovine fleece washings by pcr amplification of 16s ribosomal rna. | two oligonucleotides were selected from the variable regions of the 16s rrna gene of p. aeruginosa and used as pcr primers for the detection of p. aeruginosa. the specificity of the primers was tested against the following bacterial species; pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas cepacia, xanthamonas maltophilia, pseudomonas mendocina, pseudomonas stutzeri, pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas alcaligenes and pseudomonas diminuta. these primers had a sensitivity of detection of 1 pg of chromosomal dna ... | 1995 | 8604555 |
| chloroform mineralization by toluene-oxidizing bacteria. | seven toluene-oxidizing bacterial strains (pseudomonas mendocina kr1, burkholderia cepacia g4, pseudomonas putida f1, pseudomonas pickettii pko1, and pseudomonas sp. strains envpc5, envbf1, and env113) were tested for their ability to degrade chloroform (cf). the greatest rate of cf oxidation was achieved with strain envbf1 (1.9 nmol/min/mg of cell protein). cf also was oxidized by p. mendocina kr1 (0.48 nmol/min/mg of cell protein), strain envpc5 (0.49 nmol/min/mg of cell protein), and escheric ... | 1996 | 8702263 |
| recombinant toluene-4-monooxygenase: catalytic and mössbauer studies of the purified diiron and rieske components of a four-protein complex. | expression of the tmoa-f gene cluster from pseudomonas mendocina kri in escherichia coli bl21(de3) produces a catalytically active form of the toluene-4-monooxygenase (t4mo) complex. here we report the purification and characterization of four soluble proteins required for the in vitro reconstitution of t4mo catalytic activity. these proteins are a diiron hydroxylase (t4moh), a riesketype ferredoxin (t4moc), an effector protein (t4mod), and an nadh oxidoreductase (t4mof). the t4moh component is ... | 1996 | 8703915 |
| trichloroethylene degradation and mineralization by pseudomonads and methylosinus trichosporium ob3b. | to examine the trichloroethylene (c2hcl3)-degrading capability of five microorganisms, the maximum rate, extent, and degree of c2hcl3 mineralization were evaluated for pseudomonas cepacia g4, pseudomonas cepacia g4 pr1, pseudomonas mendocina kr1, pseudomonas putida f1, and methylosinus trichosporium ob3b using growth conditions commonly reported in the literature for expression of oxygenases responsible for c2hcl3 degradation. by varying the c2hcl3 concentration from 5 microm to 75 microm, vmax ... | 1996 | 8920197 |
| comparison of factors influencing trichloroethylene degradation by toluene-oxidizing bacteria. | the degradation of trichloroethylene (tce) by toluene-oxidizing bacteria has been extensively studied, and yet the influence of environmental conditions and physiological characteristics of individual strains has received little attention. to consider these effects, the levels of tce degradation by strains distinguishable on the basis of toluene and nitrate metabolism were compared under aerobic or hypoxic conditions in the presence and absence of nitrate and an exogenous electron donor, lactate ... | 1996 | 8975612 |
| isolation of extradiol dioxygenase genes that are phylogenetically distant from other meta-cleavage dioxygenase genes. | meta-cleavage dioxygenase genes were isolated from the benzoate-assimilating bacteria pseudomonas stutzeri a401 and pseudomonas mendocina kc37. the gene products had the enzymatic activity of 2,3-dihydroxy-biphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase. phylogenetic analysis based on the alignment of amino acid sequences suggests that these enzymes are distantly related to other meta-cleavage enzymes and may be members of a new family of extradiol dioxygenases. | 1997 | 9095556 |
| importance of biofilm formation for corrosion inhibition of sae 1018 steel by axenic aerobic biofilms. | to investigate if corrosion inhibition by aerobic biofilms is a general phenomenon, carbon steel (sae 1018) coupons were exposed to a complex liquid medium (luria-bertani) and seawater-mimicking medium (vnss) containing fifteen different pure-culture bacterial suspensions representing seven genera. compared to sterile controls, the mass loss in the presence of these bacteria (which are capable of developing a biofilm to various degrees) decreased by 2- to 15-fold. the extent of corrosion inhibit ... | 1997 | 9248069 |
| changes in the regiospecificity of aromatic hydroxylation produced by active site engineering in the diiron enzyme toluene 4-monooxygenase. | pseudomonas mendocina kr1 toluene 4-monooxygenase is a multicomponent diiron enzyme. the diiron center is contained in the tmoa polypeptide of teh hydroxylase component [alphabetagamma)2,mr approximately 212 kda]. product distribution studies reveal that the natural isoform is highly specific for para hydroxylation of toluene (kcat approximately 2 s-1 with respect to an alphabetagamma promoter), o-xylene (kcat approximately 0.8 s-1), m-xylene (kcat approximately 0.6 s-1), and other aromatic hydr ... | 1997 | 9280437 |
| structure and function engineered pseudomonas mendocina lipase. | | 1997 | 9379942 |
| survival in soil of different toluene-degrading pseudomonas strains after solvent shock. | we assayed the tolerance to solvents of three toluene-degrading pseudomonas putida strains and pseudomonas mendocina kr1 in liquid and soil systems. p. putida dot-t1 tolerated concentrations of heptane, propylbenzene, octanol, and toluene of at least 10% (vol/vol), while p. putida f1 and eez15 grew well in the presence of 1% (vol/vol) propylbenzene or 10% (vol/vol) heptane, but not in the presence of similar concentrations of octanol or toluene. p. mendocina kr1 grew only in the presence of hept ... | 1998 | 9435060 |
| a cold-adapted lipase of an alaskan psychrotroph, pseudomonas sp. strain b11-1: gene cloning and enzyme purification and characterization. | a psychrotrophic bacterium producing a cold-adapted lipase upon growth at low temperatures was isolated from alaskan soil and identified as a pseudomonas strain. the lipase gene (lipp) was cloned from the strain and sequenced. the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the gene (924 bp) corresponded to a protein of 308 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 33,714. lipp also has consensus motifs conserved in other cold-adapted lipases, i.e., lipase 2 from antarctic m ... | 1998 | 9464382 |
| bacterial community dynamics during start-up of a trickle-bed bioreactor degrading aromatic compounds. | this study was performed with a laboratory-scale fixed-bed bioreactor degrading a mixture of aromatic compounds (solvesso100). the starter culture for the bioreactor was prepared in a fermentor with a wastewater sample of a care painting facility as the inoculum and solvesso100 as the sole carbon source. the bacterial community dynamics in the fermentor and the bioreactor were examined by a conventional isolation procedure and in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled rrna-targeted oligon ... | 1998 | 9501433 |
| is1491 from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncib 9867: characterization and distribution among pseudomonas species. | a new insertion sequence, is1491, has been cloned and sequenced. the 2489-bp is1491 was isolated from a pseudomonas alcaligenes ncib 9867 (strain p25x) 4.8-kb psti chromosomal fragment. is1491 is flanked by an imperfect inverted repeat of 23 bp and carries two overlapping open reading frames, orf1 and orf2. both orf1 and orf2 displayed homology to the ista-like and istb-like transposases encoded by the is21 family of insertion sequences, which include two is elements previously isolated from p. ... | 1998 | 9571135 |
| microbiology of a nitrite-oxidizing bioreactor. | the microbiology of the biomass from a nitrite-oxidizing sequencing batch reactor (nosbr) fed with an inorganic salts solution and nitrite as the sole energy source that had been operating for 6 months was investigated by microscopy, by culture-dependent methods, and by molecular biological methods, and the seed sludge that was used to inoculate the nosbr was investigated by molecular biological methods. the nosbr sludge comprised a complex and diverse microbial community containing gram-negativ ... | 1998 | 9572966 |
| construction and use of an ipb dna module to generate pseudomonas strains with constitutive trichloroethene and isopropylbenzene oxidation activity. | pseudomonas sp. strain jr1 exhibits trichloroethene (tce) oxidation activity with isopropylbenzene (ipb) as the inducer substrate. we previously reported the genes encoding the first three enzymes of the ipb-degradative pathway (ipba1, ipba2, ipba3, ipba4, ipbb, and ipbc) and identified the initial ipb dioxygenase (ipba1 a2a3a4) as responsible for tce cooxidation (u. pflugmacher, b. averhoff, and g. gottschalk, appl. environ. microbiol. 62:3967-3977, 1996). primer extension analyses revealed mul ... | 1998 | 9647815 |
| a two-component monooxygenase catalyzes both the hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol and the oxidative release of nitrite from 4-nitrocatechol in bacillus sphaericus js905. | bacteria that metabolize p-nitrophenol (pnp) oxidize the substrate to 3-ketoadipic acid via either hydroquinone or 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene (thb); however, initial steps in the pathway for pnp biodegradation via thb are unclear. the product of initial hydroxylation of pnp could be either 4-nitrocatechol or 4-nitroresorcinol. here we describe the complete pathway for aerobic pnp degradation by bacillus sphaericus js905 that was isolated by selective enrichment from an agricultural soil in india. w ... | 1998 | 9647818 |
| a highly selective pcr protocol for detecting 16s rrna genes of the genus pseudomonas (sensu stricto) in environmental samples. | pseudomonas species are plant, animal, and human pathogens; exhibit plant pathogen-suppressing properties useful in biological control; or express metabolic versatilities valued in biotechnology and bioremediation. specific detection of pseudomonas species in the environment may help us gain a more complete understanding of the ecological significance of these microorganisms. the objective of this study was to develop a pcr protocol for selective detection of pseudomonas (sensu stricto) in envir ... | 1998 | 9647828 |
| evaluation of the vitek 2 system for rapid identification of medically relevant gram-negative rods. | the new vitek 2 system (biomérieux) was evaluated at two independent sites with the identification card for gram-negative bacilli (id-gnb card). of the 845 strains tested, which represented 70 different taxa belonging to either the family enterobacteriaceae or the nonenteric bacilli, 716 (84.7%) were correctly identified at the species level. thirty-two (3.8%) additional strains were identified to the species level after the performance of simple, rapid manual tests (oxidase, hemolysis, indole r ... | 1998 | 9650942 |
| biochemical properties and substrate specificities of a recombinantly produced azotobacter vinelandii alginate lyase. | alginate is a polysaccharide composed of beta-d-mannuronic acid (m) and alpha-l-guluronic acid (g). an azotobacter vinelandii alginate lyase gene, algl, was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the deduced molecular mass of the corresponding protein is 41.4 kda, but a signal peptide is cleaved off, leaving a mature protein of 39 kda. sixty-three percent of the amino acids in this mature protein are identical to those in algl from pseudomonas aeruginosa. algl was partially purifi ... | 1998 | 9683471 |
| oxidation of trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and chloroform by toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase from pseudomonas stutzeri ox1. | toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase (tomo) from pseudomonas stutzeri ox1, which oxidizes toluene and o-xylene, was examined for its ability to degrade the environmental pollutants trichloroethylene (tce), 1, 1-dichloroethylene (1,1-dce), cis-1,2-dce, trans-1,2-dce, chloroform, dichloromethane, phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol, and 2,3,4,5, 6-pentachlorophenol. escherichia coli jm109 that expressed tomo from genes on plasmid pbz1260 un ... | 1998 | 9687467 |
| physiological response of lactobacillus plantarum to salt and nonelectrolyte stress. | in this report, we compared the effects on the growth of lactobacillus plantarum of raising the medium molarity by high concentrations of kcl or nacl and iso-osmotic concentrations of nonionic compounds. analysis of cellular extracts for organic constituents by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that salt-stressed cells do not contain detectable amounts of organic osmolytes, whereas sugar-stressed cells contain sugar (and some sugar-derived) compounds. the cytoplasmic concentrations ... | 1998 | 9721316 |
| pseudomonas sp. strain 273, an aerobic alpha, omega-dichloroalkanedegrading bacterium. | a gram-negative, aerobic bacterium was isolated from soil; this bacterium grew in 50% (vol/vol) suspensions of 1,10-dichlorodecane (1,10-dcd) as the sole source of carbon and energy. phenotypic and small-subunit ribosomal rna characterizations identified the organism, designated strain 273, as a member of the genus pseudomonas. after induction with 1,10-dcd, pseudomonas sp. strain 273 released stoichiometric amounts of chloride from c5 to c12 alpha, omega-dichloroalkanes in the presence of oxyge ... | 1998 | 9726906 |
| mutational inactivation of a gene homologous to escherichia coli ptsp affects poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate accumulation and nitrogen fixation in azotobacter vinelandii. | strain ds988, an azotobacter vinelandii mutant with a reduced capacity to accumulate poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate, was isolated after mini-tn5 mutagenesis of the uw136 strain. cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the affected locus revealed a gene homologous to escherichia coli ptsp which encodes enzyme intr, a homologue of enzyme i of the phosphoenol pyruvate-sugar phosphotransferase system with an n-terminal domain similar to the n-terminal domain of some nifa proteins. strain ds988 was unable to ... | 1998 | 9733679 |
| analysis of the gene cluster encoding toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase from pseudomonas stutzeri ox1. | the toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase cloned from pseudomonas stutzeri ox1 displays a very broad range of substrates and a very peculiar regioselectivity, because it is able to hydroxylate more than one position on the aromatic ring of several hydrocarbons and phenols. the nucleotide sequence of the gene cluster coding for this enzymatic system has been determined. the sequence analysis revealed the presence of six open reading frames (orfs) homologous to other genes clustered in operons coding for ... | 1998 | 9758777 |
| plasmids responsible for horizontal transfer of naphthalene catabolism genes between bacteria at a coal tar-contaminated site are homologous to pdtg1 from pseudomonas putida ncib 9816-4 | the presence of a highly conserved nahac allele among phylogenetically diverse bacteria carrying naphthalene-catabolic plasmids provided evidence for in situ horizontal gene transfer at a coal tar-contaminated site (j. b. herrick, k. g. stuart-keil, w. c. ghiorse, and e. l. madsen, appl. environ. microbiol. 63:2330-2337, 1997). the objective of the present study was to identify and characterize the different-sized naphthalene-catabolic plasmids in order to determine the probable mechanism of hor ... | 1998 | 9758778 |
| molecular genetic analysis of phosphite and hypophosphite oxidation by pseudomonas stutzeri wm88. | the first molecular and genetic characterization of a biochemical pathway for oxidation of the reduced phosphorus (p) compounds phosphite and hypophosphite is reported. the pathway was identified in pseudomonas stutzeri wm88, which was chosen for detailed studies from a group of organisms isolated based on their ability to oxidize hypophosphite (+1 valence) and phosphite (+3 valence) to phosphate (+5 valence). the genes required for oxidation of both compounds by p. stutzeri wm88 were cloned on ... | 1998 | 9791102 |
| molecular detection, isolation, and physiological characterization of functionally dominant phenol-degrading bacteria in activated sludge. | dna was isolated from phenol-digesting activated sludge, and partial fragments of the 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) and the gene encoding the largest subunit of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase (lmph) were amplified by pcr. an analysis of the amplified fragments by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (tgge) demonstrated that two major 16s rdna bands (bands r2 and r3) and two major lmph gene bands (bands p2 and p3) appeared after the activated sludge became acclimated to phenol. the nucleotide s ... | 1998 | 9797297 |
| induction of the tod operon by trichloroethylene in pseudomonas putida tva8. | bioluminescence, mrna levels, and toluene degradation rates in pseudomonas putida tva8 were measured as a function of various concentrations of toluene and trichloroethylene (tce). tva8 showed an increasing bioluminescence response to increasing tce and toluene concentrations. compared to uninduced tva8 cultures, todc1 mrna levels increased 11-fold for tce-treated cultures and 13-fold for toluene-treated cultures. compared to uninduced p. putida f1 cultures, todc1 mrna levels increased 4.4-fold ... | 1998 | 9835608 |
| detection and classification of hyperfine-shifted 1h, 2h, and 15n resonances of the rieske ferredoxin component of toluene 4-monooxygenase. | t4moc is a 12.3 kda soluble rieske ferredoxin that is obligately required for electron transfer between the oxidoreductase and diiron hydroxylase components of toluene 4-monooxygenase from pseudomonas mendocina kr1. our preliminary 1h nmr studies of oxidized and reduced t4moc [markley, j. l., xia, b., chae, y. k., cheng, h., westler, w. m., pikus, j. d., and fox, b. g. (1996) in protein structure function relationships (zaidi, z., and smith, d., eds.) pp 135-146, plenum press, london] revealed t ... | 1999 | 9888813 |
| biochemical and genetic evidence for meta-ring cleavage of 2,4, 5-trihydroxytoluene in burkholderia sp. strain dnt. | 2,4,5-trihydroxytoluene (tht) oxygenase from burkholderia sp. strain dnt catalyzes the conversion of tht to an unstable ring fission product. biochemical and genetic studies of tht oxygenase were undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of the ring fission reaction. the tht oxygenase gene (dntd) was previously localized to the 1.2-kb dna insert subcloned in the recombinant plasmid designated pjs76 (w. c. suen and j. c. spain, j. bacteriol. 175:1831-1837, 1993). analysis of the deduced amino acid se ... | 1999 | 9922262 |
| complete sequence of a 184-kilobase catabolic plasmid from sphingomonas aromaticivorans f199. | the complete 184,457-bp sequence of the aromatic catabolic plasmid, pnl1, from sphingomonas aromaticivorans f199 has been determined. a total of 186 open reading frames (orfs) are predicted to encode proteins, of which 79 are likely directly associated with catabolism or transport of aromatic compounds. genes that encode enzymes associated with the degradation of biphenyl, naphthalene, m-xylene, and p-cresol are predicted to be distributed among 15 gene clusters. the unusual coclustering of gene ... | 1999 | 10049392 |
| degradation of chloronitrobenzenes by a coculture of pseudomonas putida and a rhodococcus sp. | a single microorganism able to mineralize chloronitrobenzenes (cnbs) has not been reported, and degradation of cnbs by coculture of two microbial strains was attempted. pseudomonas putida hs12 was first isolated by analogue enrichment culture using nitrobenzene (nb) as the substrate, and this strain was observed to possess a partial reductive pathway for the degradation of nb. from high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 1h nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, nb-grown cells ... | 1999 | 10049867 |
| molecular analysis of a novel methanesulfonic acid monooxygenase from the methylotroph methylosulfonomonas methylovora. | methylosulfonomonas methylovora m2 is an unusual gram-negative methylotrophic bacterium that can grow on methanesulfonic acid (msa) as the sole source of carbon and energy. oxidation of msa by this bacterium is carried out by a multicomponent msa monooxygenase (msamo). cloning and sequencing of a 7.5-kbp sphi fragment of chromosomal dna revealed four tightly linked genes encoding this novel monooxygenase. analysis of the deduced msamo polypeptide sequences indicated that the enzyme contains a tw ... | 1999 | 10094704 |
| degradation of perchloroethylene and dichlorophenol by pulsed-electric discharge and bioremediation | pulsed electric discharge (ped) and bioremediation were combined to create a novel two-stage system which dechlorinates the halogenated pollutants, 2,4-dichlorophenol and perchloroethylene, with repetitive (0.1-1 khz), short pulse ( approximately 100 ns), low voltage (40-80 kv) discharges and then mineralizes the less chlorinated products with aerobic bacteria. a 6.1 mm aqueous dichlorophenol sample was cycled through the ped reactor (60 kv of applied pulsed voltage and 300 hz) 6 times, resultin ... | 1998 | 10099357 |
| the alkene monooxygenase from xanthobacter strain py2 is closely related to aromatic monooxygenases and catalyzes aromatic monohydroxylation of benzene, toluene, and phenol. | the genes encoding the six polypeptide components of the alkene monooxygenase from xanthobacter strain py2 (xamo) have been located on a 4.9-kb fragment of chromosomal dna previously cloned in cosmid pny2. sequencing and analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences indicate that the components of xamo are homologous to those of the aromatic monooxygenases, toluene 2-, 3-, and 4-monooxygenase and benzene monooxygenase, and that the gene order is identical. the genes and predicted polypeptides a ... | 1999 | 10103255 |
| activation and inactivation of pseudomonas stutzeri methylbenzene catabolism pathways mediated by a transposable element. | the arrangement of the genes involved in o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene catabolism was investigated in three pseudomonas stutzeri strains: the wild-type strain ox1, which is able to grow on o-xylene but not on the meta and para isomers; the mutant m1, which grows on m-xylene and p-xylene but is unable to utilize the ortho isomer; and the revertant r1, which can utilize all the three isomers of xylene. a 3-kb insertion sequence (is) termed isps1, which inactivates the m-xylene and p-xylene cata ... | 1999 | 10223973 |
| cloning, expression, and nucleotide sequence of the pseudomonas aeruginosa 142 ohb genes coding for oxygenolytic ortho dehalogenation of halobenzoates. | we have cloned and characterized novel oxygenolytic ortho-dehalogenation (ohb) genes from 2-chlorobenzoate (2-cba)- and 2,4-dichlorobenzoate (2,4-dcba)-degrading pseudomonas aeruginosa 142. among 3,700 escherichia coli recombinants, two clones, dh5alphaf'(pod22) and dh5alphaf'(pod33), converted 2-cba to catechol and 2,4-dcba and 2,5-dcba to 4-chlorocatechol. a subclone of pod33, plasmid pe43, containing the 3,687-bp minimized ohb dna region conferred to p. putida pb2440 the ability to grow on 2- ... | 1999 | 10224014 |
| the a modules of the azotobacter vinelandii mannuronan-c-5-epimerase alge1 are sufficient for both epimerization and binding of ca2+. | the industrially important polysaccharide alginate is composed of the two sugar monomers beta-d-mannuronic acid (m) and its epimer alpha-l-guluronic acid (g). in the bacterium azotobacter vinelandii, the g residues originate from a polymer-level reaction catalyzed by one periplasmic and at least five secreted mannuronan c-5-epimerases. the secreted enzymes are composed of repeats of two protein modules designated a (385 amino acids) and r (153 amino acids). the modular structure of one of the ep ... | 1999 | 10322003 |
| effect of organic solvents on the yield of solvent-tolerant pseudomonas putida s12. | solvent-tolerant microorganisms are useful in biotransformations with whole cells in two-phase solvent-water systems. the results presented here describe the effects that organic solvents have on the growth of these organisms. the maximal growth rate of pseudomonas putida s12, 0.8 h-1, was not affected by toluene in batch cultures, but in chemostat cultures the solvent decreased the maximal growth rate by nearly 50%. toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, xylene, hexane, and cyclohexane reduced t ... | 1999 | 10347053 |
| bioenergetic aspects of halophilism. | examination of microbial diversity in environments of increasing salt concentrations indicates that certain types of dissimilatory metabolism do not occur at the highest salinities. examples are methanogenesis for h2 + co2 or from acetate, dissimilatory sulfate reduction with oxidation of acetate, and autotrophic nitrification. occurrence of the different metabolic types is correlated with the free-energy change associated with the dissimilatory reactions. life at high salt concentrations is ene ... | 1999 | 10357854 |
| purification, characterization, dna sequence and cloning of a pimeloyl-coa synthetase from pseudomonas mendocina 35. | a pimeloyl-coa synthetase from pseudomonas mendocina 35 was purified and characterized, the dna sequence determined, and the gene cloned into escherichia coli to yield an active enzyme. the purified enzyme had a ph optimum of approximately 8.0, km values of 0.49 mm for pimelic acid, 0.18 mm for coa and 0.72 mm for atp, a subunit mr of approximately 80000 as determined by sds/page, and was found to be a tetramer by gel-filtration chromatography. the specific activity of the purified enzyme was 77 ... | 1999 | 10359666 |
| structure of the soluble methane monooxygenase regulatory protein b. | the soluble methane monooxygenase (smmo; ec 1.14.13.25) from the pseudothermophile methylococcus capsulatus (bath) is a three-component enzyme system that catalyzes the selective oxidation of methane to methanol. we have used nmr spectroscopy to produce a highly refined structure of mmob, the 16-kda regulatory protein of this system. this structure has a unique and intricate fold containing seven beta-strands forming two beta-sheets oriented perpendicular to each other and bridged by three alpha ... | 1999 | 10393915 |
| identification of the pseudomonas stutzeri ox1 toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase regulatory gene (tour) and of its cognate promoter. | toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase is an enzymatic complex, encoded by the touabcdef genes, responsible for the early stages of toluene and o-xylene degradation in pseudomonas stutzeri ox1. in order to identify the loci involved in the transcriptional regulation of the tou gene cluster, deletion analysis and complementation studies were carried out with pseudomonas putida paw340 as a heterologous host harboring pfb1112, a plasmid that allowed regulated expression, inducible by toluene and o-xylene a ... | 1999 | 10473416 |
| determining chemotactic responses by two subsurface microaerophiles using a simplified capillary assay method. | a simplified capillary chemotaxis assay utilizing a hypodermic needle, syringe, and disposable pipette tip was developed to measure bacterial tactic responses. the method was applied to two strains of subsurface microaerophilic bacteria. this method was more convenient than the adler method and required less practice. isolate vt10 was a strain of pseudomonas syringae, which was isolated from the shallow subsurface. it was chemotactically attracted toward dextrose, glycerol, and phenol, which cou ... | 1999 | 10480269 |
| involvement of the cis/trans isomerase cti in solvent resistance of pseudomonas putida dot-t1e. | pseudomonas putida dot-t1e is a solvent-resistant strain that is able to grow in the presence of high concentrations of toluene. we have cloned and sequenced the cti gene of this strain, which encodes the cis/trans isomerase, termed cti, that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of esterified fatty acids in phospholipids, mainly cis-oleic acid (c(16:1,9)) and cis-vaccenic acid (c(18:1,11)), in response to solvents. to determine the importance of this cis/trans isomerase for solvent resistance a ... | 1999 | 10482510 |
| biodegradation of methyl violet by pseudomonas mendocina mcm b-402. | pseudomonas mendocina mcm b-402 was found to utilize a triphenylmethane dye, methyl violet as the sole source of carbon when incorporated in synthetic medium. almost complete decolorization of methyl violet by p. mendocina was observed within 48 h of incubation at ambient temperature (28 +/- 2 degrees c) under aerated culture conditions, when the bacteria were inoculated into davis mingioli's synthetic medium at a concentration of 100 mg/l medium. methyl violet was mineralized to co2 through thr ... | 1999 | 10499264 |
| characterization of the endogenous plasmid from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncib 9867: dna sequence and mechanism of transfer. | the endogenous plasmid pra2 from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncib 9867 was determined to have 32,743 bp with a g+c content of 59.8%. sequence analysis predicted a total of 29 open reading frames, with approximately half of them contributing towards the functions of plasmid replication, mobilization, and stability. the pac25i restriction-modification system and two mobile elements, tn5563 and is1633, were physically localized. an additional eight open reading frames with unknown functions were also d ... | 2000 | 10613866 |
| threonine 201 in the diiron enzyme toluene 4-monooxygenase is not required for catalysis. | the diiron enzyme toluene 4-monooxygenase from pseudomonas mendocina kr1 catalyzes the nadh- and o(2)-dependent hydroxylation of toluene. a combination of sequence alignments and spectroscopic studies indicate that t4mo has an active site structure closely related to the crystallographically characterized methane monooxygenase hydroxylase. in the methane monooxygenase hydroxylase, active site residue t213 has been proposed to participate in o(2) activation by analogy to certain proposals made fo ... | 2000 | 10651645 |
| characterization and role of tbux in utilization of toluene by ralstonia pickettii pko1. | the tbu regulon of ralstonia pickettii pko1 encodes enzymes involved in the catabolism of toluene, benzene, and related alkylaromatic hydrocarbons. the first operon in this regulon contains genes that encode the tbu pathway's initial catabolic enzyme, toluene-3-monooxygenase, as well as tbut, the ntrc-like transcriptional activator for the entire regulon. it has been previously shown that the organization of tbut, which is located immediately downstream of tbua1ubva2c, and the associated promote ... | 2000 | 10671442 |
| enhancement of growth and toxin production of clostridium argentinense by co-culture with pseudomonas mendocina. | the growth and toxin production of clostridium argentinense in co-culture with pseudomonas mendocina was examined in a micro-fermenter without aeration characterizing the association in terms of several growth parameters. the biomass obtained in co-cultures was 4.4 times higher than that in c. argentinense monocultures with total consumption of the carbon source. the ph and eh attained in co-cultures at later stages of cultivation were suitable for toxin production by c. argentinense. in compari ... | 2000 | 10677840 |
| production of polyesters consisting of medium chain length 3-hydroxyalkanoic acids by pseudomonas mendocina 0806 from various carbon sources. | pseudomonas mendocina strain 0806 was isolated from oil-contaminated soil and found to produce polyesters consisting of medium chain length 3-hydroxyalkanoates (mclphas). the monomers of mclphas contained even numbers of carbon atoms, such as 3-hydroxyhexanoate (hhx or c6), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (ho or c8), and/or 3-hydroxydecanoate (hd or c10) as major components when grown on many carbon sources unrelated to their monomeric structures, such as glucose, citric acid, and carbon sources related to t ... | 2000 | 10696875 |
| characterization of the gene cluster involved in isoprene metabolism in rhodococcus sp. strain ad45. | the genes involved in isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) utilization in rhodococcus sp. strain ad45 were cloned and characterized. sequence analysis of an 8.5-kb dna fragment showed the presence of 10 genes of which 2 encoded enzymes which were previously found to be involved in isoprene degradation: a glutathione s-transferase with activity towards 1,2-epoxy-2-methyl-3-butene (isoi) and a 1-hydroxy-2-glutathionyl-2-methyl-3-butene dehydrogenase (isoh). furthermore, a gene encoding a second gluta ... | 2000 | 10715003 |
| three types of phenol and p-cresol catabolism in phenol- and p-cresol-degrading bacteria isolated from river water continuously polluted with phenolic compounds. | a total of 39 phenol- and p-cresol-degraders isolated from the river water continuously polluted with phenolic compounds of oil shale leachate were studied. species identification by biolog gn analysis revealed 21 strains of pseudomonas fluorescens (4, 8 and 9 of biotypes a, c and g, respectively), 12 of pseudomonas mendocina, four of pseudomonas putida biotype a1, one of pseudomonas corrugata and one of acinetobacter genospecies 15. computer-assisted analysis of rep-pcr fingerprints clustered t ... | 2000 | 10719200 |
| [constructing of system of genetic analysis in pseudomonas mendocina]. | a tn10-containing variant of the prk2013 plasmid, prk2013-7, was used in the genetic analysis of pseudomonas mendocina as chromosome-mobilizing inheritable factor that is able to integrate into the bacterial chromosome and transfer genetic markers with a frequency ranging from 3.2 x 10(-7) to 3.5 x 10(-3). the results of interrupted matings allowed localization of 10 genetic markers. this system of genetic analysis is suitable for p. mendocina mapping. | 2000 | 10732277 |
| pressure regulation of soluble cytochromes c in a deep-sea piezophilic bacterium, shewanella violacea. | two c-type cytochromes from the soluble fraction of a deep-sea moderately piezophilic bacterium, shewanella violacea, were purified and characterized, and the genes coding for these cytochromes were cloned and sequenced. one of the cytochromes, designated cytochrome c(a), was found to have a molecular mass of approximately 8.3 kda, and it contained one heme c per molecule. the other, designated cytochrome c(b), was found to have a molecular mass of approximately 23 kda, and it contained two heme ... | 2000 | 10781566 |
| toluene monooxygenase-catalyzed epoxidation of alkenes. | several toluene monooxygenase-producing organisms were tested for their ability to oxidize linear alkenes and chloroalkenes three to eight carbons long. each of the wild-type organisms degraded all of the alkenes that were tested. epoxides were produced during the oxidation of butene, butadiene, and pentene but not hexene or octadiene. a strain of escherichia coli expressing the cloned toluene-4-monooxygenase (t4mo) of pseudomonas mendocina kr1 was able to oxidize butene, butadiene, pentene, and ... | 2000 | 10788354 |
| methods for intense aeration, growth, storage, and replication of bacterial strains in microtiter plates. | miniaturized growth systems for heterogeneous culture collections are not only attractive in reducing demands for incubation space and medium but also in making the parallel handling of large numbers of strains more practicable. we report here on the optimization of oxygen transfer rates in deep-well microtiter plates and the development of a replication system allowing the simultaneous and reproducible sampling of 96 frozen glycerol stock cultures while the remaining culture volume remains froz ... | 2000 | 10831450 |
| effect of c:n molar ratio on monomer composition of polyhydroxyalkanoates produced by pseudomonas mendocina 0806 and pseudomonas pseudoalkaligenus ys1. | polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are biodegradable polymers produced by bacteria. in this study, the effect of c:n molar ratio on the monomer composition of phas was investigated, including medium chain length pha produced by pseudomonas mendocina 0806 and pha blends consisting of monomers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and medium chain length hydroxyalkanoate produced by pseudomonas pseudoalkaligenus ys1. it was observed that there were some fixed ranges of c:n molar ratio that affect the monomer composition ... | 2000 | 10849851 |
| isolation and identification of cellulolytic bacteria involved in the degradation of natural cellulosic fibres. | in search for bacterial cultures that are able to rapidly degrade cellulosic plant fibres in vitro, 77 cellulolytic strains were isolated from belgian and czech soils after enrichment on flax or sisal fibres as sole sources of carbon. the strains were characterized using fatty acid analysis, and 74 strains were grouped into three major clusters by numerical analysis. the first major cluster contained cellulomonas strains. within this cluster three subclusters could be delineated by principal com ... | 2000 | 10930083 |
| effect of oxygen on formation and structure of azotobacter vinelandii alginate and its role in protecting nitrogenase. | the activity of nitrogenase in the nitrogen-fixing bacterium azotobacter vinelandii grown diazotrophically under aerobic conditions is generally considered to be protected against o(2) by a high respiration rate. in this work, we have shown that a high rate of respiration is not the prevailing mechanism for nitrogenase protection in a. vinelandii grown in phosphate-limited nitrogen-free chemostat culture. instead, the formation of alginate appeared to play a decisive role in protecting the nitro ... | 2000 | 10966426 |
| toluene-degrading bacteria are chemotactic towards the environmental pollutants benzene, toluene, and trichloroethylene. | the bioremediation of polluted groundwater and toxic waste sites requires that bacteria come into close physical contact with pollutants. this can be accomplished by chemotaxis. five motile strains of bacteria that use five different pathways to degrade toluene were tested for their ability to detect and swim towards this pollutant. three of the five strains (pseudomonas putida f1, ralstonia pickettii pko1, and burkholderia cepacia g4) were attracted to toluene. in each case, the response was de ... | 2000 | 10966434 |
| microbial degradation of the multiply branched alkane 2,6,10,15,19, 23-hexamethyltetracosane (squalane) by mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium ratisbonense. | among several bacterial species belonging to the general gordonia, mycobacterium, micromonospora, pseudomonas, and rhodococcus, only two mycobacterial isolates, mycobacterium fortuitum strain nf4 and the new isolate mycobacterium ratisbonense strain sd4, which was isolated from a sewage treatment plant, were capable of utilizing the multiply branched hydrocarbon squalane (2,6,10,15,19, 23-hexamethyltetracosane) and its analogous unsaturated hydrocarbon squalene as the sole carbon source for grow ... | 2000 | 11010899 |
| phospholipid compositional changes of five pseudomonad archetypes grown with and without toluene. | bacterial physiological responses to toluene exposure were investigated in five reference pseudomonad strains that express different toluene degradation pathways: pseudomonas putida mt-2, pseudomonas putida f1, burkholderia cepacia g4, burkholderia pickettii pko1, and pseudomonas mendocina kr1. the intact phospholipids of these archetypes, grown with and without toluene, were characterized using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. all strains showed significant chang ... | 2000 | 11030576 |
| the potential for intraspecific horizontal gene exchange by natural genetic transformation: sexual isolation among genomovars of pseudomonas stutzeri. | the potential for natural genetic transformation among the seven genomovars (gvs) of pseudomonas stutzeri was investigated. of the 12 strains originating from a variety of environments, six strains (50%) from five gvs were competent for dna uptake (rif(r) marker). the transformation frequencies varied over more than three orders of magnitude. with three highly transformable strains (atcc 17587, atcc 17641, jm300) from two gvs and all other strains as dna donors, sexual isolation from other pseud ... | 2000 | 11101666 |
| role of alginate and its o acetylation in formation of pseudomonas aeruginosa microcolonies and biofilms. | attenuated total reflection/fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (atr/ft-ir) and scanning confocal laser microscopy (sclm) were used to study the role of alginate and alginate structure in the attachment and growth of pseudomonas aeruginosa on surfaces. developing biofilms of the mucoid (alginate-producing) cystic fibrosis pulmonary isolate frd1, as well as mucoid and nonmucoid mutant strains, were monitored by atr/ft-ir for 44 and 88 h as ir absorbance bands in the region of 2,000 to 1,000 c ... | 2001 | 11208804 |
| the evolutionary history of chromosomal super-integrons provides an ancestry for multiresistant integrons. | integrons are genetic elements that acquire and exchange exogenous dna, known as gene cassettes, by a site-specific recombination mechanism. characterized gene cassettes consist of a target recombination sequence (attc site) usually associated with a single open reading frame coding for an antibiotic resistance determinant. the affiliation of multiresistant integrons (mris), which contain various combinations of antibiotic resistance gene cassettes, with transferable elements underlies the rapid ... | 2001 | 11209061 |
| fungal metabolism of toluene: monitoring of fluorinated analogs by (19)f nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | we used isomeric fluorotoluenes as model substrates to study the catabolism of toluene by five deuteromycete fungi and one ascomycete fungus capable of growth on toluene as the sole carbon and energy source, as well as by two fungi (cunninghamella echinulata and aspergillus niger) that cometabolize toluene. whole cells were incubated with 2-, 3-, and 4-fluorotoluene, and metabolites were characterized by (19)f nuclear magnetic resonance. oxidation of fluorotoluene by c. echinulata was initiated ... | 2001 | 11229888 |
| succession of phenotypic, genotypic, and metabolic community characteristics during in vitro bioslurry treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments. | dredged harbor sediment contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) was removed from the milwaukee confined disposal facility and examined for in situ biodegradative capacity. molecular techniques were used to determine the successional characteristics of the indigenous microbiota during a 4-month bioslurry evaluation. ester-linked phospholipid fatty acids (plfa), multiplex pcr of targeted genes, and radiorespirometry techniques were used to define in situ microbial phenotypic, gen ... | 2001 | 11282603 |
| solution structure of the toluene 4-monooxygenase effector protein (t4mod). | toluene 4-monooxygenase (t4mo) from pseudomonas mendocina catalyzes the nadh- and o(2)-dependent hydroxylation of toluene to form p-cresol. the complex consists of an nadh oxidoreductase (t4mof), a rieske ferredoxin (t4moc), a diiron hydroxylase [t4moh, with (alphabetagamma)(2) quaternary structure], and a catalytic effector protein (t4mod). the solution structure of the 102-amino acid t4mod effector protein has been determined from 2d and 3d (1)h, (13)c, and (15)n nmr spectroscopic data. the st ... | 2001 | 11297417 |