| bacterial filament formation, a defense mechanism against flagellate grazing, is growth rate controlled in bacteria of different phyla. | a facultatively filamentous bacterium was isolated from eutrophic lake water and was identified as flectobacillus sp. strain mwh38 (a member of the cytophaga-flavobacterium-bacteroides phylum) by comparative 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. filament formation by flectobacillus sp. strain mwh38 and filament formation by flectobacillus major, the closest known relative of strain mwh38, were studied in chemostat cultures under grazing pressure by the bacterivorous flagellate ochromonas sp. strain d ... | 1999 | 9872755 |
| diversity of thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria from marine sediments and hydrothermal vents. | species diversity, phylogenetic affiliations, and environmental occurrence patterns of thiosulfate-oxidizing marine bacteria were investigated by using new isolates from serially diluted continental slope and deep-sea abyssal plain sediments collected off the coast of new england and strains cultured previously from galapagos hydrothermal vent samples. the most frequently obtained new isolates, mostly from 10(3)- and 10(4)-fold dilutions of the continental slope sediment, oxidized thiosulfate to ... | 2000 | 10919760 |
| the biodiversity and ecology of antarctic lakes: models for evolution. | antarctic lakes are characterised by simplified, truncated food webs. the lakes range from freshwater to hypersaline with a continuum of physical and chemical conditions that offer a natural laboratory in which to study evolution. molecular studies on antarctic lake communities are still in their infancy, but there is clear evidence from some taxonomic groups, for example the cyanobacteria, that there is endemicity. moreover, many of the bacteria have considerable potential as sources of novel b ... | 2007 | 17553775 |
| diversity and genomics of antarctic marine micro-organisms. | marine bacterioplanktons are thought to play a vital role in southern ocean ecology and ecosystem function, as they do in other ocean systems. however, our understanding of phylogenetic diversity, genome-enabled capabilities and specific adaptations to this persistently cold environment is limited. bacterioplankton community composition shifts significantly over the annual cycle as sea ice melts and phytoplankton bloom. microbial diversity in sea ice is better known than that of the plankton, wh ... | 2007 | 17553778 |
| widespread occurrence of secondary lipid biosynthesis potential in microbial lineages. | bacterial production of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (epa, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha, 22:6n-3), is constrained to a narrow subset of marine γ-proteobacteria. the genes responsible for de novo bacterial pufa biosynthesis, designated pfaeabcd, encode large, multi-domain protein complexes akin to type i iterative fatty acid and polyketide synthases, herein referred to as "pfa synthases". in addition to the archetypal pfa synthase ... | 2011 | 21629834 |
| genome-based taxonomic classification of bacteroidetes. | the bacterial phylum bacteroidetes, characterized by a distinct gliding motility, occurs in a broad variety of ecosystems, habitats, life styles, and physiologies. accordingly, taxonomic classification of the phylum, based on a limited number of features, proved difficult and controversial in the past, for example, when decisions were based on unresolved phylogenetic trees of the 16s rrna gene sequence. here we use a large collection of type-strain genomes from bacteroidetes and closely related ... | 2016 | 28066339 |
| altered microbiomes in bovine digital dermatitis lesions, and the gut as a pathogen reservoir. | bovine digital dermatitis (dd) is the most important infectious disease associated with lameness in cattle worldwide. since the disease was first described in 1974, a series of treponema species concurrent with other microbes have been identified in dd lesions, suggesting a polymicrobial etiology. however, the pathogenesis of dd and the source of the causative microbes remain unclear. here we characterized the microbiomes of healthy skin and skin lesions in dairy cows affected with different sta ... | 2015 | 25781328 |
| search and discovery strategies for biotechnology: the paradigm shift. | profound changes are occurring in the strategies that biotechnology-based industries are deploying in the search for exploitable biology and to discover new products and develop new or improved processes. the advances that have been made in the past decade in areas such as combinatorial chemistry, combinatorial biosynthesis, metabolic pathway engineering, gene shuffling, and directed evolution of proteins have caused some companies to consider withdrawing from natural product screening. in this ... | 2000 | 10974127 |
| biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria. | the moderately halophilic heterotrophic aerobic bacteria form a diverse group of microorganisms. the property of halophilism is widespread within the bacterial domain. bacterial halophiles are abundant in environments such as salt lakes, saline soils, and salted food products. most species keep their intracellular ionic concentrations at low levels while synthesizing or accumulating organic solutes to provide osmotic equilibrium of the cytoplasm with the surrounding medium. complex mechanisms of ... | 1998 | 9618450 |
| glitter-like iridescence within the bacteroidetes especially cellulophaga spp.: optical properties and correlation with gliding motility. | iridescence results from structures that generate color. iridescence of bacterial colonies has recently been described and illustrated. the glitter-like iridescence class, created especially for a few strains of cellulophaga lytica, exhibits an intense iridescence under direct illumination. such color appearance effects were previously associated with other bacteria from the bacteroidetes phylum, but without clear elucidation and illustration. to this end, we compared various bacterial strains t ... | 2012 | 23300811 |
| extensive gene acquisition in the extremely psychrophilic bacterial species psychroflexus torquis and the link to sea-ice ecosystem specialism. | sea ice is a highly dynamic and productive environment that includes a diverse array of psychrophilic prokaryotic and eukaryotic taxa distinct from the underlying water column. because sea ice has only been extensive on earth since the mid-eocene, it has been hypothesized that bacteria highly adapted to inhabit sea ice have traits that have been acquired through horizontal gene transfer (hgt). here we compared the genomes of the psychrophilic bacterium psychroflexus torquis atcc 700755(t), assoc ... | 2014 | 24391155 |
| metagenomic insights into the uncultured diversity and physiology of microbes in four hypersaline soda lake brines. | soda lakes are salt lakes with a naturally alkaline ph due to evaporative concentration of sodium carbonates in the absence of major divalent cations. hypersaline soda brines harbor microbial communities with a high species- and strain-level archaeal diversity and a large proportion of still uncultured poly-extremophiles compared to neutral brines of similar salinities. we present the first "metagenomic snapshots" of microbial communities thriving in the brines of four shallow soda lakes from th ... | 2016 | 26941731 |