| helicobacter muridarum sp. nov., a microaerophilic helical bacterium with a novel ultrastructure isolated from the intestinal mucosa of rodents. | helical organisms with novel ultrastructural characteristics were isolated from the intestinal mucosa of rats and mice. these bacteria were characterized by the presence of 9 to 11 periplasmic fibers which appeared as concentric helical ridges on the surface of each cell. the cells were motile with a rapid corkscrewlike motion and had bipolar tufts of 10 to 14 sheathed flagella. the bacteria were microaerophilic, nutritionally fastidious, and physiologically similar to helicobacter species and w ... | 1992 | 1736969 |
| long term infection of the gastric mucosa with helicobacter species does induce atrophic gastritis in an animal model of helicobacter pylori infection. | gastric atrophy is a precursor lesion in the development of gastric cancer. it has been proposed that atrophy is part of a natural progression of inflammatory changes that result from long term infection with the bacterium helicobacter pylori. the aim of this study was to test this hypothesis using an animal model of human helicobacter infection. conventional mice were infected with either a cat isolate of helicobacter felis or a human isolate of "gastrospirillum hominis". all infected mice show ... | 1993 | 8280955 |
| helicobacter acinonyx sp. nov., isolated from cheetahs with gastritis. | four strains of a novel helicobacter species were isolated from the stomachs of cheetahs (acinonyx jubilatus) with gastritis. these isolates were phenotypically similar to helicobacter pylori. the isolates were gram-negative, spiral bacteria which grew under microaerophilic conditions at 37 degrees c, but not at 25 or 42 degrees c, and produced urease, catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. the isolates did not ferment glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, r ... | 1993 | 8379970 |
| serodiagnosis of helicobacter hepaticus infection in mice by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | helicobacter hepaticus is a newly recognized bacterium associated with chronic active hepatitis, hepatic carcinoma, and inflammatory bowel disease in mice. currently, fecal or tissue pcr, fecal culture, or histologic examination of silver-stained liver sections is used to diagnose h. hepaticus infection. in this report, we describe an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for serodiagnosis of h. hepaticus infection in mice with a membrane digest preparation of h. hepaticus as the antigen. se ... | 1997 | 9114413 |
| identification of a novel enteric helicobacter species in a kitten with severe diarrhea. | a previously undescribed helicobacter sp. was recovered from a cat with severe diarrhea. based upon the absence of any other identifiable cause of diarrhea, this helicobacter may be involved in the development of the disease signs. the organism could not be cultured but was described on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and morphology and appeared to be a new species, with helicobacter canis being the most genetically similar species. the presence of a diarrhea-inducing helicobacter i ... | 1998 | 9542907 |
| natural pathogens of laboratory mice, rats, and rabbits and their effects on research. | laboratory mice, rats, and rabbits may harbor a variety of viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal agents. frequently, these organisms cause no overt signs of disease. however, many of the natural pathogens of these laboratory animals may alter host physiology, rendering the host unsuitable for many experimental uses. while the number and prevalence of these pathogens have declined considerably, many still turn up in laboratory animals and represent unwanted variables in research. investigators ... | 1998 | 9564563 |
| "flexispira rappini" bacteremia in a child with pneumonia. | we describe a case of "flexispira rappini" bacteremia from a 9-year-old girl who presented with a 5-day history of fever, productive cough, and malaise. a chest x-ray result was compatible with right middle lobe pneumonia. blood culture grew a gram-negative spiral fusiform bacterium 2 days after the inoculation. biochemical tests showed the organism to be catalase negative, oxidase positive, sodium hippurate hydrolysis negative, and urea hydrolysis negative. 16s rrna gene sequencing identified t ... | 1998 | 9620399 |
| development of a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using the nucleotide sequence of the helicobacter hepaticus urease structural genes ureab. | infection with helicobacter hepaticus causes chronic active hepatitis in certain strains of mice and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in a/jcr mice. like the gastric helicobacters, h. pylori and h. mustelae, h. hepaticus possesses a high level of urease activity. however, the h. hepaticus urease structural gene sequences have not been previously determined, and the role of the urease enzyme in colonization and in pathogenesis is not known. pcr was used to amplify a portion of the urea ... | 1998 | 9705372 |
| isolation and identification of helicobacter spp. from canine and feline gastric mucosa. | it is known that virtually all healthy adult dogs and cats harbor spiral helicobacters in their gastric mucosa. three species, helicobacter felis, helicobacter bizzozeronii, and helicobacter salomonis have been isolated in vitro from the gastric mucosa of these animals. the aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of an isolation method for canine and feline gastric helicobacters that has been developed at the university of helsinki; to estimate the prevalence and distribution of these t ... | 1998 | 9758832 |
| novel intestinal helicobacter species isolated from cotton-top tamarins (saguinus oedipus) with chronic colitis. | a disease similar to ulcerative colitis in humans has been identified in cotton-top tamarins (ctts) in captivity. the clinical signs include weight loss, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding with the pathological features and biochemical abnormalities of ulcerative colitis. approximately 25 to 40% of these animals develop colon cancer after 2 to 5 years of captivity. an infectious etiology has been proposed; however, no microbial agent to date has been identified. helicobacter spp. have been associated ... | 1999 | 9854080 |
| immunization of mice with urease vaccine affords protection against helicobacter pylori infection in the absence of antibodies and is mediated by mhc class ii-restricted responses. | we examined the roles of cell- and antibody-mediated immunity in urease vaccine-induced protection against helicobacter pylori infection. normal and knockout mice deficient in major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i, mhc class ii, or b cell responses were mucosally immunized with urease plus escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (lt), or parenterally immunized with urease plus aluminum hydroxide or a glycolipid adjuvant, challenged with h. pylori strain x47-2al, and h. pylori organisms ... | 1998 | 9858514 |
| characterization of a culturable "gastrospirillum hominis" (helicobacter heilmannii) strain isolated from human gastric mucosa. | spiral organisms were isolated from an antral gastric mucosal biopsy specimen from a dyspeptic patient with gastritis. only corkscrew-shaped organisms resembling "gastrospirillum hominis" ("helicobacter heilmannii") but no helicobacter pylori-like organisms were seen in histological sections. h. pylori was not cultured from specimens from this patient. on the basis of biochemical reactions, morphology, ultrastructure, and 16s dna sequencing, the isolated "g. hominis" was shown to be a true helic ... | 1999 | 10074528 |
| recurrent bacteremia caused by a "flexispira"-like organism in a patient with x-linked (bruton's) agammaglobulinemia. | helicobacter spp., except for helicobacter cinaedi, have only rarely been reported in cases of septicemia. a patient with x-linked (bruton's) agammaglobulinemia was found to have persistent sepsis with a helicobacter-like organism despite multiple courses of antibiotics. his periods of sepsis were associated with leg swelling thought to be consistent with cellulitis. the organism was fastidious and required a microaerophilic environment containing h(2) for growth. optimal growth was observed at ... | 1999 | 10405381 |
| cloning and expression of an immunogenic membrane-associated protein of helicobacter hepaticus for use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | helicobacter hepaticus is a bacterial pathogen that causes chronic active hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease in mice. the purpose of this study was to develop a recombinant antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect h. hepaticus-infected mice. a genomic library of h. hepaticus was constructed and was screened with sera from h. hepaticus-infected mice. a 459-bp open reading frame that coded for an 18-kda immunoreactive protein, map18, was identified. the gene had high ... | 1999 | 10473529 |
| comparison of iron uptake in different helicobacter species. | comparison of iron uptake of four helicobacter species (helicobacter pylori, helicobacter felis, helicobacter acinonyx, and helicobacter mustelae), associated with various degrees of gastritis in their respective host, with five other species which colonize the intestinal tract of various animals (helicobacter fennelliae, helicobacter cinaedi, helicobacter muridarum, helicobacter bilis, and helicobacter hepaticus), demonstrated that the iron acquisition system differed according to the ecologica ... | 1999 | 10540911 |
| rapid identification of campylobacter, arcobacter, and helicobacter isolates by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16s rrna gene. | a rapid two-step identification scheme based on pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of the 16s rrna gene was developed in order to differentiate isolates belonging to the campylobacter, arcobacter, and helicobacter genera. for 158 isolates (26 reference cultures and 132 clinical isolates), specific rflp patterns were obtained and species were successfully identified by this assay. | 1999 | 10565952 |
| helicobacter mesocricetorum sp. nov., a novel helicobacter isolated from the feces of syrian hamsters. | a spiral-shaped bacterium with bipolar, single, nonsheathed flagella was isolated from the feces of syrian hamsters. the bacterium grew as a thin spreading film at 37 degrees c under microaerobic conditions, did not hydrolyze urea, was positive for catalase and alkaline phosphatase, reduced nitrate to nitrite, did not hydrolyze hippurate, and was sensitive to nalidixic acid but resistant to cephalothin. sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene and biochemical and phenotypic criteria indicate that ... | 2000 | 10790105 |
| misidentifying helicobacters: the helicobacter cinaedi example. | whole-cell protein electrophoresis and biochemical examination by means of a panel of 64 tests were used to identify 14 putative helicobacters to the species level. the results were confirmed by means of dna-dna hybridization experiments and were used to discuss misidentification of helicobacters based on 16s rrna gene sequence data. the data indicated that comparison of near-complete 16s ribosomal dna sequences does not always provide conclusive evidence for species level identification and may ... | 2000 | 10834986 |
| slaughter pigs are commonly infected by closely related but distinct gastric ulcerative lesion-inducing gastrospirilla. | an association between (unculturable) gastrospirillum-like organisms (glo) and ulcerative lesions in the pars oesophagea in stomachs of swine has been claimed. in dogs glo detected by microscopy may represent several helicobacter species or subspecies. therefore we investigated which helicobacter spp. are present in stomachs of swine and their possible association with ulcerative lesions of the pars oesophagea. the presence of helicobacter spp. in the antrum and pars oesophagea in 122 stomachs o ... | 2000 | 10878060 |
| helicobacter aurati sp. nov., a urease-positive helicobacter species cultured from gastrointestinal tissues of syrian hamsters. | a novel helicobacter with the proposed name helicobacter aurati (type strain mit 97-5075c) has been isolated from the inflamed stomachs and ceca of adult syrian hamsters. the new species is fusiform with multiple bipolar sheathed flagella and periplasmic fibers; it contains urease and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. by 16s rrna sequencing and repetitive element pcr-based dna fingerprinting, it was found that h. aurati represents a distinct taxon and clusters with helicobacter muridarum, helicobac ... | 2000 | 11015391 |
| a probable new helicobacter species isolated from a patient with bacteremia. | a probable new helicobacter species was isolated from the blood of a 14-month-old aboriginal child who presented with vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and dry cough. the most similar 16s rrna gene sequence was that of helicobacter fennelliae ccug 18820(t) but the new sequence differed from it by at least 32 base substitutions and by the presence of a large (353-nucleotide) intervening sequence. | 2000 | 11015417 |
| emergence of diverse helicobacter species in the pathogenesis of gastric and enterohepatic diseases. | since helicobacter pylori was first cultivated from human gastric biopsy specimens in 1982, it has become apparent that many related species can often be found colonizing the mucosal surfaces of humans and other animals. these other helicobacter species can be broadly grouped according to whether they colonize the gastric or enterohepatic niche. gastric helicobacter species are widely distributed in mammalian hosts and are often nearly universally prevalent. in many cases they cause an inflammat ... | 2001 | 11148003 |
| evaluation of a group-specific 16s ribosomal dna-based pcr for detection of helicobacter bizzozeronii, helicobacter felis, and helicobacter salomonis in fresh and paraffin-embedded gastric biopsy specimens. | a new specific and sensitive 16s ribosomal dna-based pcr assay was developed. the assay targets a 78-bp dna fragment unique to helicobacter bizzozeronii, helicobacter felis, and helicobacter salomonis and can be used with freshly frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded gastric biopsy specimens. | 2001 | 11230459 |
| specific detection and prevalence of helicobacter heilmannii-like organisms in the human gastric mucosa by fluorescent in situ hybridization and partial 16s ribosomal dna sequencing. | gastric infection with helicobacter heilmannii (previously known as gastrospirillum hominis) is invariably linked with the presence of chronic gastritis and the risk of developing low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in humans. in contrast to helicobacter pylori, various h. heilmannii species colonize the stomachs of domestic animals, which might be a reservoir for transmission to humans (zoonosis). to identify the number and prevalence of different h. heilmanni types in humans, ... | 2001 | 11283079 |
| helicobacter winghamensis sp. nov., a novel helicobacter sp. isolated from patients with gastroenteritis. | from 1997 to 1999 seven isolates of campylobacter-like organisms from five patients that were exhibiting symptoms of gastroenteritis, including fever, stomach malaise, and diarrhea, were investigated. the organisms were isolated from stool samples and found to exhibit a diverse colony morphology; hence multiple isolates were submitted from one of the patients. all isolates were found to be identical. the organisms were catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, and nitrate negative but oxidase and ... | 2001 | 11427547 |
| helicobacter typhlonius sp. nov., a novel murine urease-negative helicobacter species. | over the past decade, several helicobacter species have been isolated from rodents. with the advent of pcr for the diagnosis of infectious agents, it has become clear that several previously uncharacterized helicobacter species also colonize rodents. in this report, we describe a novel urease-negative helicobacter, helicobacter typhlonius sp. nov., which was isolated from colonies of laboratory mice independently by two laboratories. infection of immunodeficient mice by this bacterium resulted i ... | 2001 | 11682508 |
| monoassociation of scid mice with helicobacter muridarum, but not four other enterics, provokes ibd upon receipt of t cells. | recently, a number of animal models for different aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) have been developed. the aim of this study was to use one of these to determine whether particular, ostensibly innocuous, intestinal bacteria could provoke or exacerbate ibd. | 2002 | 11984521 |
| detection of helicobacter colonization of the murine lower bowel by genus-specific pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | helicobacter genus-specific pcr and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis can detect and speciate the helicobacters that colonize the lower bowel of laboratory mice. the method's sensitivity is comparable to that of species-specific pcr and may detect unnamed helicobacter species. this approach should prove useful for commercial and research murine facilities. | 2002 | 12324369 |
| pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for detection of point mutations associated with macrolide resistance in campylobacter spp. | a 23s rrna gene fragment in domain v was sequenced from 30 clinical isolates of campylobacter spp., including 22 resistant to macrolides. two point mutations associated with erythromycin resistance were identified at positions 2074 and 2075 on the 23s rrna gene (homologous to a2142c and a2143g mutations in helicobacter pylori) in which an adenine residue is also replaced with a cytosine and a guanine residue, respectively. a combined pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was dev ... | 2003 | 12604552 |
| natural history of helicobacter hepaticus infection in conventional a/j mice, with special reference to liver involvement. | it has been reported that helicobacter hepaticus infection of mice leads to chronic hepatitis and hepatocarcinoma. our aim was to monitor a cohort of 80 conventional a/j mice in which half of the mice were infected by h. hepaticus in order to study the evolution of the infection and the pathological changes in comparison to uninfected mice. h. hepaticus was detected by culture only in some colon and cecum specimens after 17 months of age, while pcr detected h. hepaticus in the intestines of all ... | 2003 | 12761159 |
| presence of active aliphatic amidases in helicobacter species able to colonize the stomach. | ammonia production is of great importance for the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori as a nitrogen source, as a compound protecting against gastric acidity, and as a cytotoxic molecule. in addition to urease, h. pylori possesses two aliphatic amidases responsible for ammonia production: amie, a classical amidase, and amif, a new type of formamidase. both enzymes are part of a regulatory network consisting of nitrogen metabolism enzymes, including urease and arginase. we examined the role of th ... | 2003 | 14500481 |
| high prevalence of helicobacter species detected in laboratory mouse strains by multiplex pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and pyrosequencing. | rodent models have been developed to study the pathogenesis of diseases caused by helicobacter pylori, as well as by other gastric and intestinal helicobacter spp., but some murine enteric helicobacter spp. cause hepatobiliary and intestinal tract diseases in specific inbred strains of laboratory mice. to identify these murine helicobacter spp., we developed an assay based on pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and pyrosequencing. nine strains of mice, maintained in four conventional lab ... | 2004 | 15297530 |
| discordant 16s and 23s rrna gene phylogenies for the genus helicobacter: implications for phylogenetic inference and systematics. | analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences has become the primary method for determining prokaryotic phylogeny. phylogeny is currently the basis for prokaryotic systematics. therefore, the validity of 16s rrna gene-based phylogenetic analyses is of fundamental importance for prokaryotic systematics. discrepancies between 16s rrna gene analyses and dna-dna hybridization and phenotypic analyses have been noted in the genus helicobacter. to clarify these discrepancies, we sequenced the 23s rrna genes for ... | 2005 | 16109952 |
| intervening sequence acquired by lateral gene transfer in tropheryma whipplei results in 23s rrna fragmentation. | completion of tropheryma whipplei genome sequencing may provide insights into the evolution of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of this microorganism. the first postgenomic application was the successful design of a comprehensive culture medium that allows axenic growth of this bacterium, which is particularly recalcitrant to cultivation. this achievement in turn permitted analysis of t. whipplei rna without contaminating eukaryotic nucleic acids. to obtain high-quality rna, ... | 2005 | 16269699 |
| nutritional requirements and antibiotic resistance patterns of helicobacter species in chemically defined media. | the growth of the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori in the absence of serum remains challenging, and nutritional requirements have only partially been defined, while almost nothing is known about nutritional requirements of other helicobacter spp. although previous data showed that h. pylori grows in the chemically defined medium f-12, but not in other tissue culture media examined, the specific components responsible for growth were not entirely understood. here we describe the optimization ... | 2006 | 16672389 |
| development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr to detect arcobacter species. | a real-time pcr targeting the gyrase a subunit gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region has been developed to detect arcobacter species. the species identification was done by probe hybridization and melting curve analysis, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology. discrimination between arcobacter species was straightforward, as the corresponding melting points showed significant differences with the characteristic melting temperatures of 63.5 degrees c, 58.4 degr ... | 2007 | 17652482 |
| early bacterial dependent induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in epithelial cells upon transfer of cd45rb(high) cd4(+) t cells in a model for experimental colitis. | both the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) as well as the molecular details governing its mucosal induction remain unclear. | 2007 | 17879278 |
| evaluation of 16s rrna gene-based pcr assays for genus-level identification of helicobacter species. | the inclusivity, exclusivity, and detection limit of six 16s rrna gene-based helicobacter genus-specific pcr assays were examined. five out of six assays were 100% inclusive, but the tests varied considerably in their exclusivity (9.1 to 95.5%). the clinical detection limit varied between 10(3) and 1 viable bacterial cell per reaction mixture. | 2008 | 18337392 |
| a commensal helicobacter sp. of the rodent intestinal flora activates tlr2 and nod1 responses in epithelial cells. | helicobacter spp. represent a proportionately small but significant component of the normal intestinal microflora of animal hosts. several of these intestinal helicobacter spp. are known to induce colitis in mouse models, yet the mechanisms by which these bacteria induce intestinal inflammation are poorly understood. to address this question, we performed in vitro co-culture experiments with mouse and human epithelial cell lines stimulated with a selection of helicobacter spp., including known p ... | 2009 | 19401779 |
| co-infection with enterohepatic helicobacter species can ameliorate or promote helicobacter pylori-induced gastric pathology in c57bl/6 mice. | to investigate how different enterohepatic helicobacter species (ehs) influence h. pylori (hp) gastric pathology, c57bl/6 mice were infected with h. hepaticus (hh) or h. muridarum (hm), followed by h. pylori infection two weeks later. compared to h. pylori-infected mice, hmhp-infected mice developed significantly lower histopathologic activity indices (hai) (p<0.0001) at 6 and 11 months postinoculation (mpi) however, hhhp-infected mice developed more severe gastric pathology at 6 mpi (p=0.01) wi ... | 2011 | 21788386 |
| gained in translation: the importance of biologically relevant models of helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. | | 2012 | 21997557 |
| gained in translation: the importance of biologically relevant models of helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. | | 2012 | 21997557 |
| helicobacter hepaticus, a new pathogenic species of the helicobacter genus: similarities and differences with h. pylori. | helicobacter hepaticus was discovered in 1992 as a cause of liver cancer in the a/jcr mouse model. in susceptible mice, infection by h. hepaticus causes chronic gastrointestinal inflammation leading to neoplasia. it can also cause morphological changes in breast-glands leading to neoplasm and adenocarcinoma in mouse models. studies performed on humans have revealed that h. hepaticus may also be a human pathogen since infection by h. hepaticus can be associated with cholecystitis, cholelithiasis ... | 2013 | 24475322 |
| diagnosis of genus helicobacter through a hemi-nested pcr assay of 16s rrna. | the present study aimed to establish a genus-specific pcr-based assay to detect helicobacters using 16s rrna gene as the target template. we designed the hemi-nested primers based on sequences of 16s rrna gene of 34 types of helicobacter species. the inclusivity, sensitivity, and specificity of the pcr assay using these primers were examined in three different models, comprising feces simulated samples, blab/c mice infection model and clinic patients samples. the detection sensitivity of helicob ... | 2016 | 27275113 |
| draft genome sequences of eight enterohepatic helicobacter species isolated from both laboratory and wild rodents. | the draft genome sequences of eight enterohepatic helicobacter species, h. muridarum, h. trogontum, h. typhlonius, and five unnamed helicobacters, are presented here. using laboratory mice pervasively infected with helicobacters, we characterized the presence of known virulence factors. | 2014 | 25428971 |
| helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease: is there a link? | helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection is one of the most widely spread infectious diseases in humans. it can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancies and has been associated with extra-gastric disorders. h. pylori elicit a chronic systemic inflammatory response which, under certain conditions, may trigger autoimmune reactions and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. although the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is unknown ... | 2014 | 24914359 |
| bacteria in the intestine, helpful residents or enemies from within? | | 2008 | 18474643 |
| nootropic herbs (medhya rasayana) in ayurveda: an update. | cognitive deficits that present with many of neuropsychiatric conditions and/or alone as developmental deficit demand use of nootropics to boost cognitive abilities. recently there is a tremendous urge to explore medicinal plants globally for improving cognitive function owing to their less adverse effects. ayurveda provides a list of herbs known for nootropic activity as well as their multi-dimensional utility in various conditions. present paper is a review to update knowledge on pharmacologic ... | 2012 | 23055641 |
| altered gut microbiota composition in rag1-deficient mice contributes to modulating homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. | hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (hspcs) can produce all kind of blood lineage cells, and gut microbiota that consists of various species of microbe affects development and maturation of the host immune system including gut lymphoid cells and tissues. however, the effect of altered gut microbiota composition on homeostasis of hspcs remains unclear. here we show that compositional change of gut microbiota affects homeostasis of hspcs using rag1 (-/-) mice which represent lymphopenic condit ... | 2015 | 26557809 |
| the microbiota determines susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | the microbiota is a crucial modulator of the immune system. here, we evaluated how its absence or reduction modifies the inflammatory response in the murine model of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau). we induced eau in germ-free (gf) or conventionally housed (cv) mice and in cv mice treated with a combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics either from the day of eau induction or from one week prior to induction of disease. the severity of the inflammation was assessed by fundus biomicro ... | 2016 | 27294159 |
| surveillance of a ventilated rack system for corynebacterium bovis by sampling exhaust-air manifolds. | corynebacterium bovis causes an opportunistic infection of nude (foxn1, nu/nu) mice, leading to nude mouse hyperkeratotic dermatitis (scaly skin disease). enzootic in many nude mouse colonies, c. bovis spreads rapidly to naive nude mice, despite modern husbandry practices, and is very difficult to eradicate. to facilitate rapid detection in support of eradication efforts, we investigated a surveillance method based on quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) evaluation of swabs collected from the horiz ... | 2016 | 26817981 |
| development of a noninvasive method for detecting and monitoring the time course of helicobacter pylori infection. | helicobacter pylori infection status following experimental inoculation of mice presently requires euthanasia. the purpose of this study was to develop a method for following the time course of h. pylori infection in live experimental animals. twenty-six c57bl/6, helicobacter-free female mice were inoculated with h. pylori sydney strain 1, and 16 mice were sham inoculated. the mice were repeatedly tested during a period of about 1 year with an h. pylori species-specific primer-based pcr analysis ... | 2004 | 15322033 |
| induction of colitis by a cd4+ t cell clone specific for a bacterial epitope. | it is now well established that the intestinal flora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). however, whether bacteria serve as the sole target of the immune response in this process or whether they act indirectly by triggering an anti-self response is still unclear. we have previously shown that specific pathogen-free il-10-deficient (il-10 ko) mice develop a t helper (th1)-cytokine associated colitis after experimental infection with helicobacter hepati ... | 2003 | 14673119 |
| helicobacter trogontum sp. nov., isolated from the rat intestine. | a new helicobacter species that colonizes the colonic mucosa of wistar and holtzman rats was isolated and characterized. this bacterium was gram negative, its cells were rod shaped with pointed ends, and its protoplasmic cylinder was entwined with periplasmic fibers. it was catalase and oxidase positive, rapidly hydrolyzed urea, and was susceptible to metronidazole and resistant to cephalothin and nalidixic acid. the new organism was microaerophilic and grew at 42 degrees c, a feature that diffe ... | 1996 | 8863417 |
| identification of murine helicobacters by pcr and restriction enzyme analyses. | three murine helicobacter species have recently been identified: helicobacter hepaticus, helicobacter muridarum, and helicobacter bilis. infections with h. hepaticus and h. bilis have been associated with hepatitis and hepatic neoplasia. in this study, oligonucleotide primers were designed from regions of the 16s rrna gene that are conserved among members of the helicobacter genus. the assay amplified the expected 374-bp product from all three rodent helicobacter species and was able to detect a ... | 1996 | 8815113 |
| the degree of helicobacter pylori-triggered inflammation is manipulated by preinfection host microbiota. | helicobacter pylori infects over 3 billion people worldwide and is the primary risk factor for gastric cancer. most individuals infected with h. pylori develop only asymptomatic gastritis; however, some develop ulcers or gastric adenocarcinoma. we demonstrate that one previously unappreciated parameter influencing h. pylori disease outcome is variation in the preinfection host microbiota. utilizing a mouse model, we altered the microbiota by antibiotic treatment and found that these alterations ... | 2013 | 23429529 |
| helicobacter pylori and crohn's disease: a retrospective single-center study from china. | to investigate the association between helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection and the prevalence of crohn's disease (cd). | 2013 | 23901235 |
| microbial and histopathologic considerations in the use of mouse models of inflammatory bowel diseases. | mouse models provide powerful tools to investigate disease mechanisms and are widely used in inflammatory bowel disease research. however, it is common for reports of mouse model studies to lack potentially important information about the microbial status of the mice and the method used to evaluate disease expression for statistical analysis. for example, it is common practice to state that the mice were housed under specific pathogen-free conditions but provide no further information regarding ... | 2012 | 22294506 |