| characterization of borrelia coriaceae antigens with monoclonal antibodies. | three monoclonal antibodies (f6f3, f6b11, and f6b3) were developed against borrelia coriaceae antigens. all three antibodies appeared to be specific for this species and did not cross-react with borrelia burgdorferi (strains b31 and irs), borrelia hermsii, borrelia anserina, leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo, or treponema hyodysenteriae, as determined by indirect fluorescent antibody staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western immunoblot analysis. only one of these antibodies, f ... | 1991 | 1855995 |
| expression of antigens from chromosomal and linear plasmid dna of borrelia coriaceae. | three recombinant plasmids containing dna from borrelia coriaceae, the putative agent of epizootic bovine abortion, expressed antigens in escherichia coli that reacted with antibodies specific for b. coriaceae. two of the recombinants each expressed a single high-molecular-weight antigen. the third recombinant expressed three smaller antigens. the dna inserts were sized and mapped. hybridization of the cloned inserts to pulsed-field electrophoresis samples of b. coriaceae whole-cell dna revealed ... | 1990 | 2341175 |
| shared flagellar epitopes of borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia anserina. | antigenic cross-reactivity between borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia anserina was studied using mouse immune sera and monoclonal antibodies. with immune sera, significant cross-reactivity between b. burgdorferi and b. anserina was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescent assay. in immunoblots, most of the cross-reactivity was shown to be associated with the periplasmic flagella. using monoclonal antibodies in immunoblots, it was shown that b. burgdorferi and b. anserina shared at least two fla ... | 1989 | 2473569 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of borrelia coriaceae, putative agent of epizootic bovine abortion. | borrelia coriaceae was characterized genetically and antigenically by utilizing the following techniques: restriction endonuclease analysis, southern blotting and genomic hybridization, pulsed-field electrophoresis, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunoblotting. the b. coriaceae genome revealed unique and characteristic banding patterns both by agarose gel electrophoresis and by hybridization when compared with several borrelia burgdorferi isolates. pulsed-field g ... | 1989 | 2715314 |
| borrelia coriaceae in its tick vector, ornithodoros coriaceus (acari: argasidae), with emphasis on transstadial and transovarial infection. | | 1988 | 3392712 |
| genetic and phenotypic analysis of borrelia miyamotoi sp. nov., isolated from the ixodid tick ixodes persulcatus, the vector for lyme disease in japan. | the ixodid tick ixodes persulcatus is the most important vector of lyme disease in japan. most spirochete isolates obtained from i. persulcatus ticks have been classified as borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato because of their genetic, biological, and immunological characteristics. however, we found that a small number of isolates obtained from i. persulcatus contained a smaller 38-kda endoflagellar protein and single 23s-5s rrna gene unit. representative isolate ht31t (t = type strain) had the same ... | 1995 | 7547303 |
| polymerase chain reaction for detection of borrelia coriaceae, putative agent of epizootic bovine abortion. | the nucleotide sequence of a chromosomally encoded antigen-expressing gene of borrelia coriaceae was determined and used as a target for the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). two primer sets were designed specifying the amplification of 269- and 701-bp dna fragments. primer set i, producing the short amplicon, was tenfold more sensitive than primer set ii. as little as 10 fg of purified b coriaceae dna could consistently be detected. the pcr assays, containing controlled numbers of whole spiroche ... | 1994 | 7879972 |
| acylated proteins in borrelia hermsii, borrelia parkeri, borrelia anserina, and borrelia coriaceae. | borrelia hermsii, borrelia parkeri, borrelia anserina, and borrelia coriaceae produced several lipoproteins identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography of bacteria grown in [3h]palmitate. five major acylated proteins were demonstrated by sequential alkaline and acid hydrolysis. high-pressure liquid chromatography of isolated proteins confirmed that covalently bound radioactivity was represented by fatty acids. | 1993 | 8285697 |
| standardization of medium for culturing lyme disease spirochetes. | to standardize the procedure for isolating and culturing lyme disease spirochetes, we modified the composition of the medium generally used for this purpose (bsk-ii) and developed a system for its distribution. this medium contains no gelatin or agarose, and various components are used in proportions that differ from those in bsk-ii. each of the major proteinacious components was screened by substitution in samples of the complete product. the final medium was evaluated for the capacity to grow ... | 1993 | 8501226 |
| phylogenetic analysis of borrelia species based on flagellin gene sequences and its application for molecular typing of lyme disease borreliae. | we determined almost complete flagellin gene sequences of various borrelia species and aligned them with previously published sequences. a neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis showed that the genus borrelia was divided into the following three major clusters: new world relapsing fever borreliae (borrelia turicatae, borrelia parkeri, and borrelia hermsii), old world relapsing fever borreliae (borrelia crocidurae, borrelia duttonii, and borrelia hispanica), and lyme disease borreliae (borrelia b ... | 1996 | 8863416 |
| a surface-exposed region of a novel outer membrane protein (p66) of borrelia spp. is variable in size and sequence. | a model of the 66-kda outer membrane protein (p66) of lyme disease borrelia spp. predicts a surface-exposed loop near the c terminus. this region contains an antigen commonly recognized by sera from lyme disease patients. in the present study, this region of p66 and homologous proteins of other borrelia spp. were further investigated by using monoclonal antibodies, epitope mapping of p66 of borrelia burgdorferi, and dna sequencing. a monoclonal antibody specific for b. burgdorferi bound to the p ... | 1998 | 9537355 |
| cloning and molecular characterization of a multicopy, linear plasmid-carried, repeat motif-containing gene from borrelia turicatae, a causative agent of relapsing fever. | borrelia turicatae is one of several spirochete species that can cause relapsing fever. here, we describe the identification and characterization of a gene from b. turicatae and other relapsing-fever spirochetes that exhibits homology with the rep+ and orf-e gene families of the lyme disease spirochetes. this gene, which we have designated repa, encodes a putative protein of 30.2 kda with an isoelectric point of 4.69. the central region of repa harbors a series of amino acid repeat motifs which ... | 1998 | 9733706 |
| molecular analysis of sequence heterogeneity among genes encoding decorin binding proteins a and b of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | immunization of mice with borrelia burgdorferi decorin binding protein a (dbpa), one of two gene products of the dbpba locus, has been shown recently to confer protection against challenge. hyperimmune dbpa antiserum killed a large number of b. burgdorferi sensu lato isolates of diverse phylogeny and origin, suggesting conservation of the protective epitope(s). in order to evaluate the heterogeneity of dbpa and dbpb and to facilitate defining the conserved epitope(s) of these antigens, the seque ... | 1998 | 9784533 |
| specific antibodies reactive with the 22-kilodalton major outer surface protein of borrelia anserina ni-nl protect chicks from infection. | an outer surface lipoprotein of 22 kda was identified in the avian pathogen borrelia anserina ni-nl by using antibody preparations reactive with bacterial surface-exposed proteins. amino acid sequence analysis of the 22-kda protein demonstrated 90% identity with vmpa of b. turicatae, suggesting that the protein belongs to the family of 20-kda outer surface proteins of the genus borrelia. all of the 60 chicks intramuscularly treated with antibodies specifically reacting with the 22-kda protein an ... | 1999 | 10225933 |
| serologic cross-reactivity of antibodies against borrelia theileri, borrelia burgdorferi, and borrelia coriaceae in cattle. | to evaluate the immune response induced by borrelia theileri infection and to determine whether b theileri induces cross-reacting antibodies to other bovine borreliae. | 1999 | 10376894 |
| molecular evidence for a new bacteriophage of borrelia burgdorferi. | we have recovered a dnase-protected, chloroform-resistant molecule of dna from the cell-free supernatant of a borrelia burgdorferi culture. the dna is a 32-kb double-stranded linear molecule that is derived from the 32-kb circular plasmids (cp32s) of the b. burgdorferi genome. electron microscopy of samples from which the 32-kb dna molecule was purified revealed bacteriophage particles. the bacteriophage has a polyhedral head with a diameter of 55 nm and appears to have a simple 100-nm-long tail ... | 1999 | 10572135 |
| uptake and killing of leptospira interrogans and borrelia burgdorferi, spirochetes pathogenic to humans, by reticuloendothelial cells in perfused rat liver. | in situ-perfused rat livers were infused with a single dose of 1.5 x 10(7) radiolabeled cells of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, the agent of leptospirosis, or with borrelia burgdorferi irs, the agent of lyme disease. significant (p<0.0001) differences in the liver uptake of l. interrogans and of b. burgdorferi were observed, the uptakes being 37.4%+/-2.3% for l. interrogans and 60.5%+/-3.1% for b. burgdorferi. leptospires, in contrast to borreliae, were recovered from the li ... | 2000 | 10948172 |
| comparison of cultivation and pcr-hybridization for detection of salmonella in porcine fecal and water samples. | a total of 150 fecal and water samples from four swine farms were tested for the presence of salmonella enterica using different enrichment techniques as follows: (i) 92 fecal samples from nursery and farrowing barns at three swine farms were preenriched overnight in tryptic soy broth (tsb) at 37 degrees c followed by overnight enrichment in rappaport-vassiliadis 10 broth (rv10) at 42 degrees c; (ii) 24 water samples from the third farm were preenriched overnight in 3mc broth at 37 degrees c fol ... | 2001 | 11427557 |
| glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase gene (glpq) of borrelia lonestari identified as a target for differentiating borrelia species associated with hard ticks (acari:ixodidae). | a glpq ortholog was identified in dna from borrelia lonestari-positive amblyomma americanum, providing further evidence that b. lonestari is more closely related to the relapsing fever group spirochetes than to borreliae that cause lyme disease. this finding provides a basis for developing diagnostic assays to differentiate species of borrelia transmitted by hard ticks. | 2004 | 15131225 |
| a comparison of serologic tests for the detection of serum antibodies to whole-cell and recombinant borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cattle. | serum samples from healthy dairy and beef cattle, living in tick-infested areas of connecticut, usa, were analyzed by polyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) staining methods, or western blot procedures to detect antibodies to tick-borne agents. of the 80 sera tested by elisa with whole-cell or 10 separate recombinant antigens (fusion proteins) of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, 57 (71%) were positive to 1 or more antigens, while 36 (45%) re ... | 2004 | 15368740 |
| columbian black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus) as hosts for borrelia spp. in northern california. | the prevalence of infection of columbian black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus) with borrelia spp. was evaluated in an area of northwestern california (usa) where lyme disease is endemic and the relapsing-fever group spirochete borrelia coriaceae is enzootic, and in a far-removed comparison area having a disparate climate and lower density of vector ticks. blood samples collected from both deer herds in 1987, 1988, and from 2000-02 were assayed for borrelial infection with microscop ... | 2005 | 15827217 |
| variable tick protein in two genomic groups of the relapsing fever spirochete borrelia hermsii in western north america. | borrelia hermsii is the primary cause of tick-borne relapsing fever in north america. when its tick vector, ornithodoros hermsi, acquires these spirochetes from the blood of an infected mammal, the bacteria switch their outer surface from one of many bloodstream variable major proteins (vmps) to a unique protein, vtp (vsp33). vtp may be critical for successful tick transmission of b. hermsii; however, the gene encoding this protein has been described previously in only one isolate. here we ident ... | 2005 | 16177341 |
| evidence of tick-borne organisms in mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) from the western united states. | free-ranging mule deer (md; odocoileus hemionus) from arizona and california were tested for evidence of infection with several tick-borne pathogens, including species of ehrlichia, anaplasma, babesia, and borrelia. of 125 mule deer tested from arizona, 29 (23%) and 11 (9%) had antibodies reactive to e. chaffeensis and a. phagocytophilum by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing, respectively; none of the six md tested from california were seropositive. using a commercial competitive elisa ... | 2005 | 16417431 |
| purine salvage pathways among borrelia species. | genome sequencing projects on two relapsing fever spirochetes, borrelia hermsii and borrelia turicatae, revealed differences in genes involved in purine metabolism and salvage compared to those in the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. the relapsing fever spirochetes contained six open reading frames that are absent from the b. burgdorferi genome. these genes included those for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hpt), adenylosuccinate synthase (pura), adenylosuccinate lya ... | 2007 | 17502392 |
| rrp1, a cyclic-di-gmp-producing response regulator, is an important regulator of borrelia burgdorferi core cellular functions. | two-component systems (tcs) are universal among bacteria and play critical roles in gene regulation. our understanding of the contributions of tcs in the biology of the borrelia is just now beginning to develop. borrelia burgdorferi, a causative agent of lyme disease, harbours a tcs comprised of open reading frames (orfs) bb0419 and bb0420. bb0419 encodes a response regulator designated rrp1, and bb0420 encodes a hybrid histidine kinase-response regulator designated hpk1. rrp1, which contains a ... | 2009 | 19210621 |
| differences in prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma spp. infection among host-seeking dermacentor occidentalis, ixodes pacificus, and ornithodoros coriaceus ticks in northwestern california. | previous studies revealed that the pacific coast tick (dermacentor occidentalis) is infected occasionally with the agents of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) or human granulocytic anaplasmosis (anaplasma phagocytophilum) and that it is an inefficient experimental vector of b. burgdorferi. the relationship of the pajahuello tick (ornithodoros coriaceus) to each of these bacterial zoonotic agents has not been reported. the primary bridging vector of both bacterial zoonotic agents to humans is t ... | 2010 | 21359090 |
| tick surveillance for relapsing fever spirochete borrelia miyamotoi in hokkaido, japan. | during 2012-2013, a total of 4325 host-seeking adult ticks belonging to the genus ixodes were collected from various localities of hokkaido, the northernmost island of japan. tick lysates were subjected to real-time pcr assay to detect borrelial infection. the assay was designed for specific detection of the relapsing fever spirochete borrelia miyamotoi and for unspecific detection of lyme disease-related spirochetes. overall prevalence of b. miyamotoi was 2% (71/3532) in ixodes persulcatus, 4.3 ... | 2014 | 25111141 |
| 'candidatus borrelia texasensis', from the american dog tick dermacentor variabilis. | txw-1, a borrelia strain isolated in march 1998 from an adult male dermacentor variabilis tick feeding on a coyote from webb county, texas, usa, was characterized by using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis, rflp and sequence analysis of flab and rrs (16s rrna gene), dna-dna hybridization analysis, sds-page and western blotting with mabs. it shows different banding patterns in rflp analysis of flab and forms distinct branches in phylogenetic analysis derived from flab and rrs gen ... | 2005 | 15774644 |
| molecular identification of a novel deltaproteobacterium as the etiologic agent of epizootic bovine abortion (foothill abortion). | epizootic bovine abortion (eba) is endemic in california's coastal range and the foothill regions of the sierra nevada, where it has been the primary diagnosed cause of abortion in beef cattle for >50 years. investigation of these losses has defined a specific fetal syndrome characterized by late-term abortion or birth of weak or dead calves. although the unusual clinical presentation and unique fetal pathology associated with eba have been recognized since the 1950s, the identity of the etiolog ... | 2005 | 15695652 |
| transgenic expression of reca of the spirochetes borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia hermsii in escherichia coli revealed differences in dna repair and recombination phenotypes. | after unsuccessful attempts to recover a viable reca-deficient mutant of the lyme borreliosis agent borrelia burgdorferi, we characterized the functional activities of reca of b. burgdorferi, as well as reca of the relapsing fever spirochete borrelia hermsii and the free-living spirochete leptospira biflexa, in a reca mutant of escherichia coli. as a control, e. coli reca was expressed from the same plasmid vector. dna damage repair activity was assessed after exposure of the transgenic cells to ... | 2004 | 15060027 |
| serodiagnosis of louse-borne relapsing fever with glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (glpq) from borrelia recurrentis. | human louse-borne relapsing fever occurs in sporadic outbreaks in central and eastern africa that are characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. isolates of the causative agent, borrelia recurrentis, were obtained from the blood of four patients during a recent epidemic of the disease in southern sudan. the glpq gene, encoding glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, from these isolates was sequenced and compared with the glpq sequences obtained from other relapsing-fever spirochetes. ... | 2000 | 11015364 |
| isolation, cloning, and expression of a 70-kilodalton plasminogen binding protein of borrelia burgdorferi. | surface receptors for plasminogen are expressed by many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and may play a role in the dissemination of organisms by binding plasminogen, which upon conversion to plasmin can digest extracellular matrix proteins. two plasminogen binding proteins have been identified for borrelia burgdorferi, outer surface protein a and a 70-kda protein (bpbp). we purified bpbp by plasminogen affinity chromatography and obtained its amino acid sequence by edman degradation of ... | 1997 | 9393787 |
| phylogenesis of relapsing fever borrelia spp. | the phylogenetic relationships of 20 relapsing fever (rf) borrelia spp. were estimated on the basis of the sequences of rrs genes. complete sequences were aligned and compared with previously published sequences, and the similarity values were found to be 97.7 to 99.9%. phylogenetic trees were constructed by using the three neighbor-joining, maximum-parsimony, and maximum-likelihood methods. the results of the comparative phylogenetic analysis divided the rf borrelia spp. into three major cluste ... | 1996 | 8863409 |
| an ospa antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting north american isolates of borrelia burgdorferi in larval and nymphal ixodes dammini. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for detecting north american isolates of borrelia burgdorferi in larval, nymphal, and adult ticks. the assay uses an anti-ospa monoclonal antibody (h5332) for antigen capture and biotin-labelled polyclonal sera with streptavidinhorseradish peroxidase for signal generation. the assay recognized 15 of 15 north american b. burgdorferi isolates and did not cross-react with spirochete antigens of borrelia hermsii, borrelia tur ... | 1993 | 8432812 |
| interlaboratory and intralaboratory comparisons of indirect immunofluorescence assays for serodiagnosis of lyme disease. | a conventional indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and an anticomplement indirect immunofluorescence assay (acif) for detecting serum antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in humans were evaluated during a prevalence survey in northern california. sera obtained from 119 current or former residents of an area in which lyme disease is endemic were split and tested by the ifa in two laboratories and the acif in a third. the seropositivity rate ranged from 15 to 20% with 88 to 93% agreement among l ... | 1990 | 2203813 |
| relapsing fever group borrelia in southern california rodents. | wild rodent reservoir host species were surveyed prospectively for infection with borrelia hermsii, the causative agent of tick-borne relapsing fever in the western united states. trapping occurred during the summer of 2009-2012 at field sites surrounding big bear lake, ca, a region where human infection has been reported for many years. using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr), we tested 207 rodents from 11 species and found chipmunks (tamias spp.) and a woodrat (neotoma macrotis) in ... | 2014 | 25276933 |
| detection of relapsing fever spirochetes (borrelia hermsii and borrelia coriaceae) in free-ranging mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) from nevada, united states. | abstract surveillance of mule deer (odocoileus hemionus, rafinesque, 1917) populations for tick-borne diseases has helped define the distribution of these pathogens and their subsequent risk of transmission to humans and domestic animals. we surveyed three mule deer herds across the state of nevada for infection with relapsing fever borrelia spp. spirochetes. bacterial prevalence varied by the county where deer were sampled but borrelia spirochetes were detected in 7.7% of all deer sampled. in ... | 2011 | 21995265 |
| co-infection of ornithodoros coriaceus with the relapsing fever spirochete, borrelia coriaceae, and the agent of epizootic bovine abortion. | the soft tick, ornithodoros coriaceus (koch) (acari: argasidae), is a common mammalian parasite of livestock in many arid regions of the western u.s.a. the tick is a known vector of the undescribed bacterial pathogen that causes epizootic bovine abortion (eba), which results in late-term abortions in beef cattle and subsequent economic loss, which can be considerable, to producers. a second reported bacterial pathogen, borrelia coriaceae, a member of the relapsing fever complex, has also been id ... | 2011 | 21410735 |
| genetic characteristics of borrelia coriaceae isolates from the soft tick ornithodoros coriaceus (acari: argasidae). | two borrelia isolates (ca434 and ca435) cultured from the soft tick ornithodoros coriaceus were analyzed by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis of unrestricted and apai-restricted dna, standard electrophoresis of bamhi- and hindiii-restricted dna, southern hybridization, restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene, and amplification of the 5s-23s intergenic spacer region. these isolates were compared with borrelia coriaceae type strain ... | 2000 | 10878063 |
| detection of borreliae in archived sera from patients with clinically suspect lyme disease. | the diagnoses of lyme disease based on clinical manifestations, serological findings and detection of infectious agents often contradict each other. we tested 52 blind-coded serum samples, including 20 pre-treatment and 12 post-treatment sera from clinically suspect lyme disease patients, for the presence of residual lyme disease infectious agents, using nested pcr amplification of a signature segment of the borrelial 16s ribosomal rna gene for detection and direct dna sequencing of the pcr ampl ... | 2014 | 24619223 |