| carotenoid glucosides and menaquinones from the gliding bacterium herpetosiphon giganteus hp a2. | the gliding bacterium herpetosiphon giganteus hp a2 was shown to contain gamma-carotene, one monoglucosyloxy and two new diglucosyloxy carotenoids with a x-o-acyldiglucosyloxy carotenoid as main component. flexirubin-like pigments could not be detected in this organism. as in the myxobacterales and cytophagales (kleinig et al., 1974) menaquinones (mk-6 and mk-7) were found to be the only isoprenoid quinones present in herpetosiphon. the chemosystematic implications of these findings are briefly ... | 1977 | 871230 |
| the fine structure of herpetosiphon, and a note on the taxonomy of the genus. | the fine structure of the gram-negative filamentous gliding bacterium, herpetosiphon is described. the outer membrane of the cell envelope could not be resolved as a separate structure, probably because it is fused with the underlying dense (peptidoglycan) layer. there was an additional wall layer outside this membrane-peptidoglycan complex, but a sheath in the classical sense, as postulated in the definition of the genus, was lacking. on the cell surface a loose network of fibrils could be seen ... | 1975 | 1098600 |
| stepwise cloning and genetic organization of the seemingly unclonable hgicii restriction-modification system from herpetosiphon giganteus strain hpg9, using pcr technique. | the genes, hgiciir and hgiciim, that encode the hgicii restriction and modification (r-m) system from herpetosiphon giganteus strain hpg9, an avaii isoschizomer recognizing the sequence, ggatcc, were cloned in escherichia coli. cloning the respective hgiciim gene was achieved via in vitro selection both from a sau3ai- and an nhei-generated plasmid gene library using avaii, a commercially available isoschizomer of hgicii. however, all attempts to clone the closely linked hgiciir and m genes in a ... | 1992 | 1644308 |
| cloning and molecular characterization of the hgici restriction/modification system from herpetosiphon giganteus hpg9 reveals high similarity to bani. | the genes coding for the ggyrcc specific restriction/modification system hgici from herpetosiphon giganteus hpg9 have been cloned in escherichia coli in three steps. as an initial step, the methyltransferase gene could be obtained after heterologous in vitro selection of a plasmid gene bank by cleavage with the isoschizomeric restriction endonuclease bani. the adjacent endonuclease gene was cloned following southern blot analysis of flanking genomic regions. the two genes code for polypeptides o ... | 1991 | 1662609 |
| cloning, sequence and characterization of m5c-methyltransferase-encoding gene, hgidiim (gtcgac), from herpetosiphon giganteus strain hpa2. | we have cloned the gene (hgidiim) encoding the methyltransferase (mtase) of the sali isoschizomeric restriction-modification (r-m) system, hgidii (gtcgac), into escherichia coli. the hgidiim gene has been isolated from the same plasmid library of herpetosiphon giganteus strain hpa2, as was the previously cloned r-m system, hgidi [acyi/grcgyc; düsterhöft et al., nucleic acids res. 19 (1991) 1049-1056]. sequencing and functional localization of hgidiim revealed an open reading frame (orf) of 354 c ... | 1991 | 1937045 |
| stepwise cloning and molecular characterization of the hgidi restriction-modification system from herpetosiphon giganteus hpa2. | the restriction-modification system hgidi from herpetosiphon giganteus strain hpa2 has been cloned in e. coli in a two-step procedure. selection of the methyltransferase (m.hgidi) gene in vitro was performed using the heterologous restriction endonuclease ahaii, an isoschizomer of acyl and hgidi (grcgyc). cloning of the complete hgidi endonuclease (r.hgidi) gene could only be achieved in recipient cells harbouring a recombinant plasmid, which was expressing the corresponding methyltransferase an ... | 1991 | 2020544 |
| isolation and genetic structure of the avaii isoschizomeric restriction-modification system hgibi from herpetosiphon giganteus hpg5: m.hgibi reveals high homology to m.bani. | the complete type ii restriction-modification system hgibi of herpetosiphon giganteus strain hpg5 recognizing the avaii specific dna sequence ggwcc has been cloned and expressed functionally active in escherichia coli. a considerable acceleration in cloning could be achieved by preparing a size restricted library after application of a related hybridization probe. both methyltransferase (437 codons) and restriction endonuclease gene (274 codons) were found to be encoded on a 3.6 kilobases clai/h ... | 1991 | 2062638 |
| restriction endonucleases from herpetosiphon giganteus: an example of the evolution of dna recognition specificity? | we describe the partial purification and characterisation of five type ii restriction endonucleases from two strains of herpetosiphon giganteus. one of the activities, hgijii, was the first enzyme found that cleaves dna at the family of related sequences 5'-g-r-g-c-y/c-3'. this enzyme may be related to the enzyme hgiai from a different strain of the same species, and which cleaves at the sites 5'-g-w-g-c-w/c-3'. we have shown that dnas from the strains producing hgiai and hgijii are resistant to ... | 1986 | 3020503 |
| distribution of multicopy single-stranded dna among myxobacteria and related species. | multicopy single-stranded dna (msdna) is a short single-stranded linear dna originally discovered in myxococcus xanthus and subsequently found in stigmatella aurantiaca. it exists at an estimated 500 to 700 copies per chromosome (t. yee, t. furuichi, s. inouye, and m. inouye, cell 38:203-209, 1984). we found msdna in other myxobacteria, including myxococcus coralloides, cystobacter violaceus, cystobacter ferrugineus (cbfe17), nannocystis exedens, and nine independently isolated strains of m. xan ... | 1985 | 3932332 |
| new herpetosiphon species (flexibacterales). | | 1970 | 5423287 |
| herpetosiphon aurantiacus gen. et sp. n., a new filamentous gliding organism. | | 1968 | 5669912 |
| hgiai: a restriction endonuclease from herpetosiphon giganteus hp1023. | a new class ii restriction endonuclease, hgiai has been partially purified from herpetosiphon giganteus hp1023. the enzyme activity has been characterized and shown to recognize the family of related hexanucleotide sequences (formula: see text) where the second and fifth nucleotide pairs are a:t pairs in either orientation. cleavage occurs as shown, to give dna fragments with 3'-terminal tetranucleotide extensions. the recognition sites of the enzymes saci and ssti (formula: see text) form a sub ... | 1980 | 6247247 |
| unusual sulfonolipids are characteristic of the cytophaga-flexibacter group. | capnocytophaga spp. contain a group of unusual sulfonolipids, called capnoids (w. godchaux iii and e. r. leadbetter, j. bacteriol. 144:592-602, 1980). one of these lipids, capnine, is 2-amino-3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecane-1-sulfonic acid; the others are, apparently, n-acylated versions of capnine. the lipids were found, in amounts ranging from 2.5 to 16 mumol of capnoid sulfur per g of cells (wet weight), in two cytophaga spp. and also in several closely related organisms: several capnocytophaga ... | 1983 | 6298180 |
| eight new restriction endonucleases fröm herpetosiphon giganteus--divergent evolution in a family of enzymes. | characterization of eight restriction endonucleases isolated from five strains of herpetosiphon giganteus is described. hgici from strain hpg9 recognizes and cleaves the degenerate sequence: ggpypucc, producing 5'-hexanucleotide protruding ends. endonucleases hgibi, hgicii and hgiei are isoschizomers of avaii; hgiciii and hgidii are isoschizomers of sali; and hgidi and hgigi are isoschizomers of acyi. based upon their closely related and in part overlapping recognition specificities a close evol ... | 1984 | 6326052 |
| organization and gene expression within restriction-modification systems of herpetosiphon giganteus. | we have characterized a family of related restriction-modification (r-m) systems from the soil bacterium herpetosiphon giganteus (hgi). a comparison of their genetic organization reveals two types of regulatory proteins, called controlling orf c. while one of these small reading frames derived from rm.hgici seems to be an enhancer of its own promoter, evidence is provided for a silencer function of the other orf c derived from the closely related avaii-type systems rm.hgibi/cii/ei. the respectiv ... | 1995 | 7607523 |
| phylogenetic heterogeneity within the genus herpetosiphon: transfer of the marine species herpetosiphon cohaerens, herpetosiphon nigricans and herpetosiphon persicus to the genus lewinella gen. nov. in the flexibacter-bacteroides-cytophaga phylum. | analysis of the 16s rdna sequences of species currently assigned to the genus herpetosiphon revealed intrageneric phylogenetic heterogeneity. the thermotolerant freshwater species herpetosiphon geysericola is most closely related to the type species herpetosiphon aurantiacus in the chloroflexus subdivision of the green non-sulfur bacteria. the marine species herpetosiphon cohaerens, herpetosiphon nigricans and herpetosiphon persicus, on the other hand, were found to form a cluster with sheathed ... | 1998 | 9734027 |
| combination of fluorescent in situ hybridization and microautoradiography-a new tool for structure-function analyses in microbial ecology. | a new microscopic method for simultaneously determining in situ the identities, activities, and specific substrate uptake profiles of individual bacterial cells within complex microbial communities was developed by combining fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) performed with rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes and microautoradiography. this method was evaluated by using defined artificial mixtures of escherichia coli and herpetosiphon aurantiacus under aerobic incubation conditions with ad ... | 1999 | 10049895 |
| the green non-sulfur bacteria: a deep branching in the eubacterial line of descent. | ribosomal rna sequence comparisons define a phylogenetic grouping, the green non-sulfur bacteria and relatives (gns), known to contain the genera chloroflexus, herpetosiphon and thermomicrobium--organisms that have little phenotypic similarity. the unit is phylogenetically deep, but entirely distinct from any other eubacterial division (phylum). it is also relatively ancient--branching from the common eubacterial stem earlier than any other group of eubacteria reported thus far. the group phe ... | 1987 | 11542088 |
| channel-forming (porin) activity in herpetosiphon aurantiacus hp a2. | detergent extracts of cell envelopes of the gliding bacterium herpetosiphon aurantiacus formed channels in lipid bilayers. fast protein liquid chromatography across a hitrap-q cation-exchange column demonstrated that a 45-kda protein forms the channel. the observation of a channel-forming protein suggests that herpetosiphon aurantiacus hp a2 has a permeability barrier on its surface. | 2004 | 15375151 |
| siphonazole, an unusual metabolite from herpetosiphon sp. | | 2006 | 16671154 |
| comparative genomics provides evidence for the 3-hydroxypropionate autotrophic pathway in filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and in hot spring microbial mats. | stable carbon isotope signatures of diagnostic lipid biomarkers have suggested that roseiflexus spp., the dominant filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria inhabiting microbial mats of alkaline siliceous hot springs, may be capable of fixing bicarbonate via the 3-hydroxypropionate pathway, which has been characterized in their distant relative, chloroflexus aurantiacus. the genomes of three filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic chloroflexi isolates (roseiflexus sp. rs-1, roseiflexus castenholz ... | 2007 | 17635550 |
| identification of a novel two-peptide lantibiotic, lichenicidin, following rational genome mining for lanm proteins. | lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized peptide antimicrobials which contain considerable posttranslational modifications. given their usually broad host range and their highly stable structures, there have been renewed attempts to identify and characterize novel members of the lantibiotic family in recent years. the increasing availability of bacterial genome sequences means that in addition to traditional microbiological approaches, in silico screening strategies may now be employed to the sa ... | 2009 | 19561184 |
| homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations of hgidii methyltransferase in complex with dna and s-adenosyl-methionine: catalytic mechanism and interactions with dna. | m.hgidii is a methyltransferase (mtase) from herpetosiphon giganteus that recognizes the sequence gtcgac. this enzyme belongs to a group of mtases that share a high degree of amino acid similarity, albeit none of them has been thoroughly characterized. to study the catalytic mechanism of m.hgidii and its interactions with dna, we performed molecular dynamics simulations with a homology model of m.hgidii complexed with dna and s-adenosyl-methionine. our results indicate that m.hgidii may not rely ... | 2010 | 20033464 |
| fatty acid-related phylogeny of myxobacteria as an approach to discover polyunsaturated omega-3/6 fatty acids. | in an analysis of 47 aerobic myxobacterial strains, representing 19 genera in suborders cystobacterineae, nannocystineae, sorangiineae, and a novel isolate, "aetherobacter" sbsr008, an enormously diverse array of fatty acids (fas) was found. the distribution of straight-chain fatty acids (scfas) and branched-chain fatty acids (bcfas) supports the reported clustering of strains in the phylogenetic tree based on 16s rrna genes. this finding additionally allows the prediction and assignment of the ... | 2011 | 21317327 |