| novel reassortant h5n6 influenza a virus from the lao people's democratic republic is highly pathogenic in chickens. | avian influenza viruses of h5 subtype can cause highly pathogenic disease in poultry. in march 2014, a new reassortant h5n6 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus emerged in lao people's democratic republic. we have assessed the pathogenicity, pathobiology and immunological responses associated with this virus in chickens. infection caused moderate to advanced disease in 6 of 6 chickens within 48 h of mucosal inoculation. high virus titers were observed in blood and tissues (kidney, spl ... | 2016 | 27631618 |
| characterization of h5n6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from wild and captive birds in the winter season of 2016-2017 in northern japan. | on november 15, 2016, a suspected case of highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) in a dead black swan was reported from a zoo in akita prefecture, northern japan, and an hpai virus (hpaiv) belonging to the h5n6 subtype was isolated from specimens taken from the bird. after the initial report, 230 cases of hpai caused by h5n6 viruses were reported from wild birds, captive birds, and domestic poultry farms throughout the country during the winter season. in the present study, we further characte ... | 2017 | 28815716 |
| comparative pathogenicity of h5n6 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in chicken, pekin duck and muscovy duck. | in japan during the 2016-2017 winter season, clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpaivs) of the h5n6 subtype caused 12 outbreaks in chicken and muscovy duck farms. these viruses have been circulating in vietnam and china since 2014. in this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of chicken, pekin duck (anas platyrhynchos domesticus) and muscovy duck (cairina moschata) to h5n6 hpaivs that originated in japan, vietnam and china. the h5n6 hpaivs examined in this study were high ... | 2019 | 30720248 |
| highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype h5nx clade 2.3.4.4 outbreaks in dutch poultry farms, 2014-2018: clinical signs and mortality. | in recent years, different subtypes of highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses caused outbreaks in several poultry types worldwide. early detection of hpai virus infection is crucial to reduce virus spread. previously, the use of a mortality ratio threshold to expedite notification of suspicion in layer farms was proposed. the purpose of this study was to describe the clinical signs reported in the early stages of hpai h5n8 and h5n6 outbreaks on chicken and pekin duck farms between 2014 ... | 2020 | 32418364 |
| spatiotemporal and risk analysis of h5 highly pathogenic avian influenza in vietnam, 2014-2017. | the aim of this study was to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of h5 hpai outbreak reports for the period 2014-2017 and to identify factors associated with h5 hpai outbreak reports. throughout the study period, a total of 139 outbreaks of h5 hpai in poultry were reported, due to either h5n1 (96 outbreaks) or h5n6 (43 outbreaks) subtype viruses. h5n1 hpai outbreaks occurred in all areas of vietnam while h5n6 hpai outbreaks were only reported in the northern and central provinces. we counte ... | 2020 | 31113666 |
| genetic analysis and biological characteristics of different internal gene origin h5n6 reassortment avian influenza virus in china in 2016. | clade 2.3.4.4 of h5n6 subtype avian influenza viruses (aivs) has become dominant clade in south-east asia. so far, a total of 16 cases of human infection, including 6 deaths, have been confirmed since 2014. in this study, we systematically investigated the genetic evolution and biological characteristics of these viruses. we first carried out phylogenetic and statistical analysis of all h5n6 viruses that were downloaded from influenza research database, gisaid and isolates from our lab. we found ... | 2018 | 29778197 |
| elucidating the local transmission dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n6 in the republic of korea by integrating phylogenetic information. | highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus is one of the most virulent and infectious pathogens of poultry. as a response to hpai epidemics, veterinary authorities implement preemptive depopulation as a controlling strategy. however, mass culling within a uniform radius of the infection site can result in unnecessary depopulation. therefore, it is useful to quantify the transmission distance from infected premises (ips) before determining the optimal area for preemptive depopulation. accordi ... | 2021 | 34199439 |
| genetic characterization of an h5n6 avian influenza virus with multiple origins from a chicken in southern china, october 2019. | highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpaivs) of h5 subtype pose a great threat to the poultry industry and human health. in recent years, h5n6 subtype has rapidly replaced h5n1 as the most predominate hpaiv subtype circulating in domestic poultry in china. in this study, we describe the genetic and phylogenetic characteristics of a prevalent h5n6 strain in guangdong, china. | 2021 | 34049549 |
| n-linked glycosylation at site 158 of the ha protein of h5n6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus is important for viral biological properties and host immune responses. | since 2014, clade 2.3.4.4 has become the dominant epidemic branch of the asian lineage h5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) in southern and eastern china, while the h5n6 subtype is the most prevalent. we have shown earlier that lack of glycosylation at position 158 of the hemagglutinin (ha) glycoprotein due to the t160a mutation is a key determinant of the dual receptor binding property of clade 2.3.4.4 h5nx subtypes. our present study aims to explore other effects of this ... | 2021 | 33436086 |