| persistent west nile virus transmission and the apparent displacement st. louis encephalitis virus in southeastern california, 2003-2006. | west nile virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, wnv) invaded the colorado desert biome of southern california during summer 2003 and seemed to displace previously endemic st. louis encephalitis virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, slev, an antigenically similar flavivirus in the japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex). western equine encephalomyelitis virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, weev), an antigenically distinct alphavirus, was detected during 2005 and 2006, ind ... | 2008 | 18533445 |
| repeated west nile virus epidemic transmission in kern county, california, 2004-2007. | west nile virus (wnv) has remained epidemic in kern county, ca, since its introduction in 2004 through 2007 when the human case annual incidence increased from 6-8 to 17 per 100,000, respectively. the 2007 increase in human infection was associated with contradicting surveillance indicators, including severe drought, warm spring but cool summer temperature anomalies, decreased rural and urban mosquito abundance but increased early season infection in urban culex quinquefasciatus say, moderate av ... | 2009 | 19198528 |
| host feeding pattern of culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) and its role in transmission of west nile virus in harris county, texas. | the vertebrate hosts of 672 blood-engorged culex quinquefasciatus say, collected in harris county, texas, during 2005, were identified by nucleotide sequencing pcr products of the cytochrome b gene. analysis revealed that 39.1% had acquired blood from birds, 52.5% from mammals, and 8.3% were mixed avian and mammalian blood meals. most frequent vertebrate hosts were dog (41.0%), mourning dove (18.3%), domestic cat (8.8%), white-winged dove (4.3%), house sparrow (3.2%), house finch (3.0%), gray ca ... | 2007 | 17620633 |
| bloodmeal host selection of culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) in las vegas, nevada, united states. | st. louis encephalitis virus (slev) and west nile virus (wnv) have recently emerged in the southwestern united states. surveillance for arboviruses in las vegas, nv, detected a surge of slev activity in the southern house mosquito (culex quinquefasciatus say) during 2016. to identify candidate avian amplifiers, we assessed the identification, viral infection, and immune status of vertebrate hosts for 195 blood-engorged cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected in august and september 2016. blood ... | 2019 | 30668743 |
| overwintering of west nile virus in southern california. | west nile virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, wnv) invaded southern california during 2003, successfully overwintered, amplified to epidemic levels, and then dispersed to every county in the state. although surveillance programs successfully tracked and measured these events, mechanisms that allowed the efficient overwintering and subsequent amplification of wnv have not been elucidated. our current research provided evidence for three mechanisms whereby wnv may have persisted in south ... | 2006 | 16619621 |
| host (avian) biting preference of southern california culex mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | the host preference of a vector mosquito species plays a significant role in determining human and animal risk of infection with mosquito-transmitted pathogens. host preferences of common southern california culex species for four bird species, american crow (corvus brachyrhynchos), house sparrow (passer domesticus), house finch (carpodacus mexicanus), and mourning dove (zenaida macroura), were examined by determining the proportion of each mosquito species that successfully engorged on each of ... | 2012 | 22679878 |
| forage ratio analysis of the southern house mosquito in college station, texas. | culex quinquefasciatus is the principal vector of west nile virus (wnv) in the south central united states, yet limited data on host utilization are available. we evaluated host utilization over a 3-month period in 2013 in a residential landscape in college station, texas. pcr sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene permitted molecular identification of vertebrate bloodmeals to the species level. forage ratio analysis identified bird species that were overutilized and underutil ... | 2018 | 29920164 |