| [advances in the animal models of mers-cov]. | the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was first isolated in 2012 from patients that died from severe pneumonia. it was another coronavirus which resulted in severe infection of humans, apart from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. the development of an appropriate animal model is necessary to study the pathogenesis and to evaluate the intervening measures against mers-cov infection. to date, several small animals(e.g., mice, syrian hamsters, and ferrets) hav ... | 2016 | 29963837 |
| infection with mers-cov causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset. | the availability of a robust disease model is essential for the development of countermeasures for middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov). while a rhesus macaque model of mers-cov has been established, the lack of uniform, severe disease in this model complicates the analysis of countermeasure studies. modeling of the interaction between the mers-cov spike glycoprotein and its receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4 predicted comparable interaction energies in common marmosets and human ... | 2014 | 25144235 |
| treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of mers-cov infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) causes severe disease in human with an overall case-fatality rate of >35%. effective antivirals are crucial for improving the clinical outcome of mers. although a number of repurposed drugs, convalescent-phase plasma, antiviral peptides, and neutralizing antibodies exhibit anti-mers-cov activity in vitro, most are not readily available or have not been evaluated in nonhuman primates. we assessed 3 repurposed drugs with potent in vitro anti- ... | 2015 | 26198719 |
| an acute immune response to middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication contributes to viral pathogenicity. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was first identified in a human with severe pneumonia in 2012. since then, infections have been detected in >1500 individuals, with disease severity ranging from asymptomatic to severe, fatal pneumonia. to elucidate the pathogenesis of this virus and investigate mechanisms underlying disease severity variation in the absence of autopsy data, a rhesus macaque and common marmoset model of mers-cov disease were analyzed. rhesus macaques develo ... | 2016 | 26724387 |
| comparative pathology of rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal models with middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. | middle east respiratory syndrome (mers), which is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (cov), has recently emerged. it causes severe viral pneumonia and is associated with a high fatality rate. however, the pathogenesis, comparative pathology and inflammatory cell response of rhesus macaques and common marmosets experimentally infected with mers-cov are unknown. we describe the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings from rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal ... | 2017 | 28234937 |
| efficacy of antibody-based therapies against middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) in common marmosets. | cases of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) continue to be identified and with a lack of effective clinical treatment and no preventative strategies, treatment using convalescent plasma or monoclonal antibodies (mabs) is a potential quick route to an intervention. passive immunotherapy via either convalescent plasma or mabs has proven to be effective for other infectious agents. following infection with mers-cov, common marmosets were treated with high titer hyperimmune plas ... | 2017 | 28389142 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus efficiently infects human primary t lymphocytes and activates the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. | middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) is associated with a mortality rate of >35%. we previously showed that mers coronavirus (mers-cov) could infect human macrophages and dendritic cells and induce cytokine dysregulation. here, we further investigated the interplay between human primary t cells and mers-cov in disease pathogenesis. importantly, our results suggested that mers-cov efficiently infected t cells from the peripheral blood and from human lymphoid organs, including the spleen and th ... | 2016 | 26203058 |
| animal models of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. | the emergence of the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) in 2012 marked the second time that a new, highly pathogenic coronavirus has emerged in the human population in the 21st century. in this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge of animal models of mers-cov infection. commonly used laboratory animal species such as syrian hamsters, mice and ferrets are not susceptible to mers-cov, due to differences in the mers-cov receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (dpp4). the i ... | 2015 | 26192750 |
| mers coronavirus induces apoptosis in kidney and lung by upregulating smad7 and fgf2. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) causes sporadic zoonotic disease and healthcare-associated outbreaks in human. mers is often complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) and multi-organ failure(1,2). the high incidence of renal failure in mers is a unique clinical feature not often found in other human coronavirus infections(3,4). whether mers-cov infects the kidney and how it triggers renal failure are not understood(5,6). here, we demonstrated renal infecti ... | 2016 | 27572168 |
| a comparative review of animal models of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was initially isolated from a saudi arabian man with fatal pneumonia. since the original case in 2012, mers-cov infections have been reported in >1500 humans, and the case fatality rate is currently 35%. this lineage c betacoronavirus has been reported to cause a wide range of disease severity in humans, ranging from asymptomatic to progressive fatal pneumonia that may be accompanied by renal or multiorgan failure. although the clinical pre ... | 2016 | 26869154 |
| intratracheal exposure of common marmosets to mers-cov jordan-n3/2012 or mers-cov emc/2012 isolates does not result in lethal disease. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) continues to be a threat to human health in the middle east. development of countermeasures is ongoing; however, an animal model that faithfully recapitulates human disease has yet to be defined. a recent study indicated that inoculation of common marmosets resulted in inconsistent lethality. based on these data we sought to compare two isolates of mers-cov. we followed disease progression in common marmosets after intratracheal exposure wi ... | 2015 | 26342468 |