| sequences and coding strategies of the s rnas of toscana and rift valley fever viruses compared to those of punta toro, sicilian sandfly fever, and uukuniemi viruses. | the sequences and coding strategies of the s rnas of two viruses, toscana (tos) and the m12 derivative of rift valley fever zh-548 (rvf, phlebovirus genus, bunyaviridae) have been determined from cdna clones and compared to the previously published sequences of punta toro (pt), sandfly fever sicilian (sfs), and uukuniemi (uuk) viruses. all five viruses exhibit an ambisense coding strategy for their small (s) rna species, i.e., one gene product (the nss protein) is encoded in the 5' half of the v ... | 1991 | 1846496 |
| plaque formation with a phlebotomus (sandfly) fever virus in baby hamster kidney (bhk 21) cells. | | 1966 | 4960360 |
| arthropod-borne viral infections associated with a fever outbreak in the northern province of sudan. | an outbreak of acute febrile illness occurred during august and september 1989 in the northern province of sudan coinciding with a high population density of phlebotomine sandflies. an investigation was conducted to determine whether arboviruses were associated with human illness during this outbreak. sera were obtained from 185 febrile individuals and tested for igg and igm antibody to selected arboviruses by enzyme immunoassay (eia). the prevalence of igg antibody was 59% for west nile (wn), 5 ... | 1994 | 8064945 |
| serosurvey and laboratory diagnosis of imported sandfly fever virus, serotype toscana, infection in germany. | of eight acute infections in german tourists caused by sandfly fever virus, serotype toscana (tos), and diagnosed clinically and serologically, seven were acquired during visits to tuscany, italy, and one to coimbra, portugal. an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) using infected cells, and a newly developed enzyme-immunoassay (eia) using crude virus antigen prepared from infected vero-e6 cells was used to detect anti-tos igm and igg. in a seroepidemiological survey of 859 health care worker ... | 1995 | 7781738 |
| [production of tahyna and sicilian sandfly fever virus variants with increased cytopathic activity by alternating passages in tissue culture-mouse brain-tissue culture]. | | 1972 | 4627783 |
| serologic survey for selected viral and rickettsial agents of brown bears (ursus arctos) in croatia. | sera from 22 (13 wild and nine captive) european brown bears (ursus arctos) from croatia were tested to 18 viral and rickettsial agents. serologic evidence of exposure was found to the following agents (number positive/number examined): bhanja virus (3/15), tahyna virus (3/15), west nile virus (4/15), naples sandfly fever virus (1/15), human adenovirus (1/22), influenza a (1/22) and b (1/22) virus, cytomegalovirus (1/22), parainfluenza virus 1 (2/22), chlamydia psittaci (1/22), coxiella burnetii ... | 1993 | 8258856 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral activity of 2-beta-d-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide, a new antiviral agent. | the relative in vitro antiviral activities of three related nucleoside carboxamides, ribavirin (1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), tiazofurin (2-beta-d-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide), and selenazole (2-beta-d-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide), were studied against selected dna and rna viruses. although the activity of selenazole against different viruses varied, it was significantly more potent than ribavirin and tiazofurin against all tested representatives of the ... | 1983 | 6615611 |
| arboviral causes of non-specific fever and myalgia in a fever hospital patient population in cairo, egypt. | fever and myalgia are non-specific clinical manifestations of illness which commonly occur in patients with arboviral disease. in egypt, such illness is often mis-diagnosed as "influenza". to determine arboviral aetiology in patients admitted with fever and myalgia, acute and convalescent sera samples were obtained from 55 patients admitted with these clinical manifestations to the imbaba fever hospital, giza, egypt, during october and november 1984. based on viral isolation, and a comparison of ... | 1987 | 3332500 |
| endogenous myelin basic protein-serum factors (mbp-sfs) and anti-mbp antibodies in a patient with post-herpes simplex virus acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | the measurement of myelin basic protein serum factors (mbp-sfs) and anti-mbp antibodies in specimens from a patient with post-herpes simplex acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ade) is described. transitory appearance of high affinity anti-mbp antibodies in the absence of detectable mbp-sfs was observed. this pattern was similar to that found previously in acute multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a possible nor ... | 1983 | 6195314 |
| the s rna segment of sandfly fever sicilian virus: evidence for an ambisense genome. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the s rna segment of sandfly fever sicilian (sfs) virus (phlebovirus, bunyaviridae) was determined from overlapping cdna clones and by primer extension. the rna is 1746 nucleotides in length and has two large open reading frames (orf), one of which (24.8 kda) is viral-complementary in sense, and the other (30.4 kda) is in the viral sense. this ambisense genome arrangement has been seen in another member of the phlebovirus genus, punta toro (pt) virus (t. ihara ... | 1989 | 2705301 |
| neurovirulent toscana virus (a sandfly fever virus) in swedish man after visit to portugal. | | 1985 | 2860406 |
| prospects for treatment of viral hemorrhagic fevers with ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug. | ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug, is active against hemorrhagic fever viruses (with the exception of ebola virus) in cell culture systems. in model infections with arenaviruses in guinea pigs and monkeys, ribavirin has demonstrated both prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy. in therapeutic studies it has not prevented late-onset neurologic disease. in human cases of lassa fever, it significantly reduces mortality when administered before day 7 of illness to persons at high risk. in rod ... | 1989 | 2546248 |
| conditions for plaque formation with a phlebotomus (sandfly) fever virus. | | 1968 | 4967085 |
| experimental infection of phlebotomus papatasi with sand fly fever sicilian virus. | experimental studies were conducted to evaluate humans as hosts infecting the sand fly phlebotomus papatasi with sand fly fever sicilian (sfs) virus. viral antigen and infectious virus circulated in the blood of infected volunteers on days 4 and 5 after intravenous inoculation with sfs virus. viremia levels during the latter period were high enough to infect feeding sand flies, but only 13% (9/69) of the flies became infected. one out of every 3 infected sand flies that survived to feed a second ... | 1988 | 2849886 |
| dimethyl sulfoxide enhancement of phlebotomus fever virus plaque formation. | dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)incorporated into an agar overlay containing deae-dextran enhanced plaque formation in vero cells by naples sandfly fever virus passaged in mouse brain or vero cell cultures. no plaques were visible when dmso was used without the deae-dextran, some plaques were rarely visible (less than 0.5mm) when deae-dextran was used without the dmso, and up to 10-fold more plaques were clearly visible (0.5-1.5 mm) when both chemicals were used. the combined enhancing effect of dmso a ... | 1979 | 223461 |
| development of an enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the sand fly fever viruses detection. | an enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (elisa) was recently established for the detection of sandfly naples and sicilian viruses (sfn and sfs) from laboratory infected as well as wild caught sandflies in egypt. optimal dilutions of the reactants including the coating antibodies (rabbit antiserum), detecting antibodies (mouse antiserum), conjugate and the time used for incubation of the substrate (abts) were determined for both sfn and sfs viruses. the elisa test showed to be highly specific and se ... | 1989 | 2562441 |
| histological response in patients treated by interferon plus ribavirin for hepatitis c virus-related severe fibrosis. | studies of viral hepatitis c have suggested that fibrosis can regress, at least in patients with sustained virological response. a recent study suggested that cirrhosis was reversible in sustained and non-virological responders. | 2004 | 15489585 |
| aseptic meningitis caused by sandfly fever virus, serotype toscana. | sandfly fever virus, serotype toscana (tos), is endemic in some mediterranean countries and causes sandfly fever (pappataci fever). in some patients, tos may cause meningitis and meningoencephalitis. we report on two german adults returning from italy with tos-related meningitis, complicated in one case by abducens nerve palsy. tos infection should be considered as a cause of acute central nervous system disorders in patients returning from areas of endemicity. | 1995 | 8527565 |
| inhibition of bunyaviruses, phleboviruses, and hantaviruses by human mxa protein. | viruses of the bunyaviridae family cause a variety of diseases ranging from uncomplicated fever to potentially lethal encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever. little is known about the factors determining pathogenicity in the vertebrate host. interferons have been reported to be inhibitory, but their mode of action against members of the bunyaviridae has not yet been elucidated. the interferon-induced mxa protein encoded on human chromosome 21 is a large gtpase with antiviral activity against distinc ... | 1996 | 8551631 |
| nested rt-pcr for detection of sandfly fever virus, serotype toscana, in clinical specimens, with confirmation by nucleotide sequence analysis. | a single tube, reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed and evaluated for detecting a 400-bp product of the small rna of sandfly fever virus, serotype toscana (tos). for more sensitive detection of genomic tos rna, a nested pcr amplifying a 243-bp cdna within the rt-pcr product was established. nucleotide sequence analysis of first- and second-round pcr products using the dideoxy cycle sequencing technique confirmed a previously published sequence of the tos referen ... | 1995 | 8578009 |
| sandfly fever virus outbreak in cyprus. | a major outbreak of febrile syndrome occurred during 2002 among the greek army forces in cyprus. serological and molecular investigations revealed that the causative agent was a sicilian-like phlebovirus. a virus strain was isolated from a blood sample taken on the first day of the disease. phylogenetic analysis of partial l rna segment sequences revealed that the strain from cyprus differed from sandfly sicilian virus by 6.7% at the nucleotide level. | 2006 | 16441462 |
| antiviral (rna) activity of selected amaryllidaceae isoquinoline constituents and synthesis of related substances. | a series of 23 amaryllidaceae isoquinoline alkaloids and related synthetic analogues were isolated or synthesized and subsequently evaluated in cell culture against the rna-containing flaviviruses (japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, and dengue viruses), bunyaviruses (punta toro, sandfly fever, and rift valley fever viruses), alphavirus (venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus), lentivirus (human immunodeficiency virus-type 1) and the dna-containing vaccinia virus. narciclasine [1], lycoricid ... | 1992 | 1336040 |
| ex vivo stability of the rodent-borne hantaan virus in comparison to that of arthropod-borne members of the bunyaviridae family. | the possible effect of virus adaptation to different transmission routes on virus stability in the environment is not well known. in this study we have compared the stabilities of three viruses within the bunyaviridae family: the rodent-borne hantavirus hantaan virus (htnv), the sand fly-borne phlebovirus sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), and the tick-borne nairovirus crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv). these viruses differ in their transmission routes: sfsv and cchfv are vector bo ... | 2007 | 17337567 |
| [meningitis after travel in the mediterranean region, caused by the sandfly fever virus]. | sandfly fever virus is the causative agent of sandfly fever (pappataci fever). the virus is endemic in the mediterranean region and is transmitted by bites of phlebotomus species. the three sandfly fever virus serotypes, sicilian (sfs), naples (sfn) and toscana (tos), are of travel-related significance. in addition to a flu-like illness, the sandfly fever virus may result in a serious neurological disease with meningitis and encephalitis. due to the high number of travelers may occur in nonimmun ... | 1995 | 7501097 |
| evaluation of arthropod-borne viruses and other infectious disease pathogens as the causes of febrile illnesses in the khartoum province of sudan. | the relative importance of arthropod-borne and other disease pathogens as the cause of an outbreak of febrile illnesses was assessed during august 1988, following severe flooding in khartoum, sudan. a total of 200 patients with acute febrile illness and 100 afebrile controls were enrolled in the study during october and november 1988; at the omdurman military hospital, khartoum, sudan. sera were tested for igm and igg antibodies to six arthropod-borne viruses by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent ... | 1996 | 8835346 |
| isolation of phlebotomus (sandfly) fever virus from sandflies and humans during the same season in aurangabad district, maharashtra state, india. | | 1976 | 178593 |
| diagnosis of viral infections by multicomponent mass spectrometric analysis. | metabolic profiles of urine extracts of humans with viral infections, as well as of media of virus-infected human tissue cultures, have been analyzed by non-fragmenting mass spectrometry and compared with corresponding controls. the spectra were then subjected to several alternative computerized statistical procedures to detect diagnostic biochemical profiles. controlled longitudinal studies on fully informed, consenting volunteers who received sandfly fever virus demonstrate the onset of a char ... | 1980 | 6250741 |
| immunoblot detection of antibodies to toscana virus. | sera from patients with sandfly fever caused by toscana virus (tosv) infection were tested by immunoblot for specific antibody response to tosv derived from infected vero-e6 cells. the 28 kda tosv nucleoprotein (n) was identified as the major immunodominant protein recognized by immunoblot. in sera of patients with acute tosv infection, specific antibodies of the igm, iga, and igg class were detected. using sandfly fever virus, serotypes sicilian (sfsv) and naples (sfnv), as antigens for immunob ... | 1996 | 8991940 |
| sandfly fever among swedish tourists. | all clinical and serologically confirmed cases of sandfly fever among swedish tourists during 1986-1989 were investigated. a total of 37 cases of sicilian virus sandfly fever and 1 case of naples virus sandfly fever were recorded from cyprus. one case of toscana virus infection was documented from spain. the clinical and laboratory findings did not differ from those in previous reports, except for elevated aminotransferase levels. a questionnaire, that offered a possibility to estimate the numbe ... | 1991 | 1659738 |
| experimental infection of nonhuman primates with sandfly fever virus. | due to the lack of an animal model, previous studies of sandfly fever have relied upon human challenge trials. we examined the infectivity and potential pathogenicity of sandfly fever virus in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). three different preparations of sandfly fever virus. sicilian strain, and a placebo were compared by different routes of administration. the most notable postchallenge clinical event was a decrease in lymphocytes in the intramuscularly challenged monkeys. plaque-re ... | 1997 | 9180607 |
| does fever or myalgia indicate reduced physical performance capacity in viral infections? | to study prospectively the effects of a brief febrile viral infection on parameters of muscle and circulatory function, seven volunteers were inoculated with sandfly fever virus and two control subjects with sterile saline. during but not after fever, decreased isometric and dynamic strength and endurance were recorded in various muscles. impairment could not be explained by altered activities of relevant muscle enzymes in serum or muscle tissue or by altered muscle ultrastructure, but correlate ... | 1985 | 4013826 |
| [pappataci fever]. | sandfly fever virus is known to cause pappataci fever. the sandfly fever virus belongs to the genus phlebovirus (family: bunyaviridae) and is endemically found in areas of south europe, asia and africa. in germany, pappataci fever is only described in connection with travelling to endemic areas. we report on a 15 year-old girl suffering from sandfly fever virus infection after vacation in turkey. the initial symptoms started with fever for about three days, frontal headache, nausea and arthralgi ... | 1997 | 9445923 |
| infections due to sandfly fever virus serotype toscana in spain. | of the sandfly fever viruses known to be human pathogens (serotypes toscana [tos], sicilian [sfs], and naples [sfn]), only tos has demonstrated neurotropic activity. infections by tos have been reported in mediterranean countries, but the virus was previously isolated only in italy and portugal. we isolated 15 strains of tos between 1988 and 1996 from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute aseptic meningitis in granada, spain. this finding led us to study the presence of antibodies to to ... | 1998 | 9770137 |
| prevalence of antibodies to west nile fever, sandfly fever sicilian, and sandfly fever naples viruses in healthy adults in israel. | the arbovirus infections west nile fever (wnf) and sandfly fever (sff) are both endemic in the middle east. despite the fact that the mosquito and sandfly vectors of these viruses are still found in israel, sff has not been reported since 1948, whereas outbreaks of wnf occur periodically. it is suspected that some of the cases of nonspecific febrile illnesses in israel may in fact be either wnf or sff. | 1999 | 10832485 |
| laboratory infection of the sandfly phlebotomus papatasi scopoli (diptera, psychodidae) with three phleboviruses. | membrane feeding and intrathoracic inoculation techniques were used to infect phlebotomus papatasi sandflies with phlebotomus fever group viruses. sandflies were orally infected with pacui virus, and were inoculated with pacui, sicilian sandfly fever and naples sandfly fever viruses. pacui virus did not multiply in these insects after oral infection, but an 8 x 10(4)-fold increase in virus concentration occurred within four days of intrathoracic inoculation of this virus. the infection rate was ... | 1983 | 6304951 |
| elisa for detection of igm and igg antibodies to sandfly fever sicilian virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect specific human immunoglobulin g and m antibodies to sandfly fever sicilian (sfs) virus. acute and early convalescent serum pairs with greater than or equal to 7 days between the 2 specimens were available from 20 patients and all showed significant optical density (od) increase and significant titre rise (greater than or equal to 4-fold) by igg elisa. however, negative or borderline-positive sera were found as late as 11 days a ... | 1991 | 1663260 |
| susceptibility of aedes krombeini cell line to some arboviruses. | the susceptibility of the newly established ae. krombeini cell line (nivi-ak-453) to six arboviruses, belonging to four different families, was studied. sindbis (sind), vesicular stomatitis (vsv) chandipura (chp) and african horse sickness (ahs) viruses multiplied in these cultures. a four-to-five-fold increase in the virus titres was observed. the maximum titre of sind, vsv, chp and ahs viruses were observed on 1st, 4th, 3rd and 10th post infection days, respectively. a steady and significant i ... | 1992 | 1335966 |
| seroprevalence of three emerging arboviral infections in kuwaiti nationals. | diseases caused by dengue, sandfly fever and hanta viruses pose a major health risk in many countries. we determined the threat of these arboviral infections through a serologic using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based tests. hantavirus-specific antibodies were also detected using immunofluorescence. of 499 samples tested for dengue virus igg antibodies l4% were as positive for dengue positive by all the elisa tests. among the 42 showing strong igg reactivity, only 1 was positive fo ... | 2003 | 15751918 |
| isolation, characterization, gene modification, and nuclear reprogramming of porcine mesenchymal stem cells. | bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) are adult pluripotent cells that are considered to be an important resource for human cell-based therapies. understanding the clinical potential of mscs may require their use in preclinical large-animal models, such as pigs. the objectives of the present study were 1) to establish porcine msc (pmsc) cultures; 2) to optimize in vitro pmsc culture conditions, 3) to investigate whether pmscs are amenable to genetic manipulation, and 4) to determine pmsc rep ... | 2006 | 16162872 |
| neutralization of a phlebotomus (sandfly) fever virus in baby hamster kidney (bhk21) tissue culture. introduction of a simple microculture for plaque reduction tests. | | 1967 | 6069062 |
| sandfly-fever outbreak in cyprus: are phleboviruses still a health problem? | between may and september of 2002, 256 soldiers of the greek army forces in cyprus developed a 3-day self-limited febrile illness. all clinical symptoms and laboratory findings are described. | 2007 | 17574146 |
| sandfly fever sicilian virus, algeria. | to determine whether sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) is present in algeria, we tested sandflies for phlebovirus rna. a sequence closely related to that of sfsv was detected in a phlebotomus ariasi sandfly. of 60 human serum samples, 3 contained immunoglobulin g against sfsv. these data suggest sfsv is present in algeria. | 2008 | 18439364 |
| nss protein of rift valley fever virus induces the specific degradation of the double-stranded rna-dependent protein kinase. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) continues to cause large outbreaks of acute febrile and often fatal illness among humans and domesticated animals in africa, saudi arabia, and yemen. the high pathogenicity of this bunyavirus is mainly due to the viral protein nss, which was shown to prevent transcriptional induction of the antivirally active type i interferons (alpha/beta interferon [ifn-alpha/beta]). viruses lacking the nss gene induce synthesis of ifns and are therefore attenuated, whereas the n ... | 2009 | 19211744 |
| bayesian skyline plot inference of the toscana virus epidemic: a decline in the effective number of infections over the last 30 years. | toscana virus (tosv), a sandfly fever virus, is one of the main causes of the aseptic meningitis that occurs during the summer in some mediterranean regions, and whose epidemiology is largely unknown. we used a bayesian markov chain monte carlo approach and a relaxed molecular clock to estimate the demographic history of the tosv infection in a series of isolates sampled between 1980 and 2003. the estimated mean evolutionary rate was 2.5 x 10(-4) substitutions per site per year (95% hpd: 0.31-5. ... | 2009 | 19460322 |
| amelioration of experimental arthritis by a telomerase-dependent conditionally replicating adenovirus that targets synovial fibroblasts. | synovial fibroblasts (sfs) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). it has been documented that the phenotype of rheumatoid synovium is similar, in many respects, to that of an aggressive tumor. in this study, a novel, genetically engineered adenovirus was designed to lyse sfs that exhibit high telomerase activity and p53 mutations, and its effects as a novel therapeutic strategy were assessed in an experimental arthritis model. | 2009 | 19877026 |
| characterization of a sandfly fever sicilian virus isolated during a sandfly fever epidemic in turkey. | phleboviruses cause sandfly fever but isolates are rare. | 2010 | 20579934 |
| inhibition of sandfly fever sicilian virus (phlebovirus) replication in vitro by antiviral compounds. | sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) was used in our laboratory to screen antiviral substances active toward viruses of the bunyaviridae family. antiviral activity was estimated by the reduction of the cytopathic effect of sfsv on infected vero cells. cytotoxicity was evaluated by determining the inhibition of trypan blue exclusion. the specificity of action of each tested compound was estimated by the selectivity index (cd50/ed50). selectivity indices of human recombinant interferon-alpha (ifn a ... | 1997 | 9403935 |
| [meningitis caused by toscana virus during a summer stay in italy]. | a 44-year-old woman suffered fever, headache and meningism during a summer stay in a region of central italy where sand-fly fever is endemic. a few days after returning to the netherlands, she appeared mentally and physically slow but had no fever. because of the possibility of viral meningitis an examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) was carried out. this revealed a cell count of 1074/3 cells. toscana virus antibodies of the igg and igm subclass were detected in two respective serum samp ... | 2004 | 15004957 |
| antibodies to certain arboviruses in humans from a flooded village in egypt. | a study was carried out on 180 sera collected from inhabitants of a seepage flooded village (begiram) in a nile delta governorate in egypt. the aim of the study was to monitor the prevalence of certain arboviruses; some of them are known to be endemic in egypt. sera were screened by elisa except for the htn by if, and the results indicated that wn and sfs exhibited the highest prevalence 45.5% followed by sfn (21%). these 3 viruses are known to be endemic in egypt. the high prevalence of w.n. an ... | 1994 | 17265641 |
| effects of sandfly fever on isometric muscular strength, endurance, and recovery. | the isometric muscular strength and endurance of 10 male volunteers were measured four times per day for 15 consecutive days. eight experimental subjects were inoculated with sandfly fever virus and two double-blind controls were given sterile saline on the seventh day. the muscular performances of the control subjects remained essentially constant throughout. decrements in muscular strength and endurance occurred with the experimentals during the brief period of illness three or four days after ... | 1980 | 15215063 |
| a mediterranean arbovirus: the toscana virus. | toscana virus (bunyaviridae family, phlebovirus genus) is a sandfly fever virus responsible for human neurological infections. sandfly viruses are transmitted by insect vectors (phlebotomus species) and the infection is present in climatic areas that allow the life cycle of the vector. the arthropode-borne toscana virus is the etiologic agent of meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and encephalitis. the frequency of this neuropathic infection increases in the summer months, peaking in august in the ... | 2003 | 14602570 |
| proteomics computational analyses suggest that the carboxyl terminal glycoproteins of bunyaviruses are class ii viral fusion protein (beta-penetrenes). | the bunyaviridae family of enveloped rna viruses includes five genuses, orthobunyaviruses, hantaviruses, phleboviruses, nairoviruses and tospoviruses. it has not been determined which bunyavirus protein mediates virion:cell membrane fusion. class ii viral fusion proteins (beta-penetrenes), encoded by members of the alphaviridae and flaviviridae, are comprised of three antiparallel beta sheet domains with an internal fusion peptide located at the end of domain ii. proteomics computational analyse ... | 2004 | 15544707 |
| low seroprevalence of sandfly fever sicilian virus antibodies in humans, marseille, france. | clin microbiol infect abstract: a seroprevalence study was carried out in the region of marseille (south-eastern france) to address the public health importance of sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) and sfsv-like viruses, as recently recognized vectors of those viruses are present in this area. the low seroprevalence rate observed in this study suggests that sfsv is not likely to be of major medical importance in the marseille area. | 2011 | 21595791 |
| Toscana Virus (TOSV) exposure is confirmed in blood donors from Central, North and South/Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. | Summary Toscana virus (TOSV), a sandfly fever virus serotype of medical and public health importance, is a major pathogen involved in aseptic meningtis occurring in Mediterranean countries and poses a threat to the residents as well as travellers. Limited data on TOSV activity are present from Turkey despite being located in the endemic zone. We aimed to identify TOSV exposure in 1115 healthy blood donors at the Hacettepe University Hospital Blood Bank in Ankara, Turkey, using commercial indirec ... | 2011 | 21914151 |
| rapid detection of important human pathogenic phleboviruses. | rapid diagnostics are not available for several human pathogens in the genus phlebovirus of the bunyaviridae. | 2008 | 18006376 |
| [neurological symptoms after an infection by the sandfly fever virus]. | case 1: a few days after returning from a holiday in italy a 50-year-old man developed acute gastrointestinal symptoms, followed by headache, fever and joint pains. after transitory remission he had a relapse with fever, headache and meningitis 2 weeks later. cerebrospinal fluid contained gram-negative diplococci, but no bacteria grew on culture. under the suspected diagnosis of meningitis he was treated with penicillin. ten days later he suddenly developed deafness in his right ear. the various ... | 1995 | 7588007 |
| occupational risk associated with toscana virus infection in tuscany, italy. | sandfly fever virus serotype toscana is endemic in mediterranean countries and is a widespread public health problem as it may be associated with acute neurological diseases such as aseptic meningitis. | 2008 | 18832346 |
| serological and molecular detection of toscana and other phleboviruses in patients and sandflies in tunisia. | our aim is to detect the infection by toscana virus (tosv) and other phleboviruses in the sera and cerebro-spinal fluid (csf) of patients with meningitis in tunisia. we examined various species of phlebotomus present in tunisia to determine whether or not a direct relationship exists between cases of meningitis and the viruses circulating in the insect vectors. | 2014 | 25398483 |
| elevated levels of p53 antigen in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with hereditary adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum and its relevance to oncogenic mechanisms. | skin fibroblasts (sfs) from patients with adenomatosis of the colon and rectum (acr) were shown, in general, to express elevated amounts of the p53 antigen as determined by immunoprecipitation with the monoclonal antibody pab421. infection with simian virus 40 (sv40) induced expression of the p53 antigen in sfs from normal individuals and further amplified its expression in acr cells. the half-lives of the p53 antigen in mock-infected acr cells and in sv40-transformed normal or acr cells were ab ... | 1986 | 3467115 |
| Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toscana and Sicilian virus infection in a sample population of Sicily (Italy). | OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to assess seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toscana (TOSV) and Sicilian (SFSV) virus infections in a sample of Sicilian subjects. METHODS: A cross-sectional seroepidemiological study was conducted on 271 individuals. Each participant completed a self-administrated questionnaire and provided a serum sample which was analyzed for the presence of IgG specific anti-TOSV and anti-SFSV viruses. RESULTS: Overall, 90 subjects (33.2%) were positive for TOSV IgG, 25 ... | 2011 | 22120113 |
| molecular and serological evidence for the presence of novel phleboviruses in sandflies from northern algeria. | during summer 2007, a total of 785 phlebotomine flies were trapped in northern algeria, identified morphologically, organised as monospecific pools and tested for the presence of phlebovirus rna using degenerate primers. three pools were positive, and the corresponding pcr products were cloned and sequenced. viral sequences corresponding to two phleboviruses distinct from each other were detected in sandflies circulating in two close locations (140 km apart) in northern algeria. the 3 sequences ... | 2010 | 20563287 |
| punique virus, a novel phlebovirus, related to sandfly fever naples virus, isolated from sandflies collected in tunisia. | sandflies are widely distributed around the mediterranean basin. therefore, human populations in this area are potentially exposed to sandfly-transmitted diseases, including those caused by phleboviruses. whilst there are substantial data in countries located in the northern part of the mediterranean basin, few data are available for north africa. in this study, a total of 1489 sandflies were collected in 2008 in tunisia from two sites, bioclimatically distinct, located 235 km apart, and identif ... | 2010 | 20089800 |
| adaptation of a madin-darby canine kidney cell line to suspension growth in serum-free media and comparison of its ability to produce avian influenza virus to vero and bhk21 cell lines. | madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells are currently considered for influenza vaccine manufacturing. a drawback of these cells is their anchorage dependent growth, which greatly complicates process scale-up. in this paper a novel mdck cell line (mdck-sfs) is described that grows efficiently in suspension and retained high expression levels of both α-2,6 and α-2,3 sialic acid receptors, which bind preferably to human and avian influenza viruses, respectively. the production of avian influenza vir ... | 2010 | 20933017 |
| [sandfly fever outbreak in a province at central anatolia, turkey.] | sandfly fever virus (sfv), which is classified in phlebovirus genus, bunyaviridae family, is widely seen in the middle east and mediterranean basin. sfv has four serotypes known as sicilian (sfsv), cyprus (sfcv), naples (sfnv) and toscana virus (tosv). sandfly fever, which is transmitted to human by different species of sandflies, especially phlebotomus spp., starts with acute onset of high fever and lasts for three days. headache, anorexia and myalgia are the most common symptoms. the aim of th ... | 2010 | 21063993 |
| an outbreak of acute febrile illness caused by sandfly fever sicilian virus in the afar region of ethiopia, 2011. | in malaria-endemic regions, many medical facilities have limited capacity to diagnose non-malarial etiologies of acute febrile illness (afi). as a result, the etiology of afi is seldom determined, although afi remains a major cause of morbidity in developing countries. an outbreak of afi was reported in the afar region of ethiopia in august of 2011. retrospectively, 12,816 suspected afi cases were identified by review of medical records. symptoms were mild and self-limiting within 3 days after t ... | 2014 | 25266349 |
| encephalitis without meningitis due to sandfly fever virus serotype toscana. | the role of toscana (tos) virus in producing encephalitis without meningitis is uncertain. we studied 2 cases of tos virus encephalitis without meningitis by means of nested polymerase chain reaction assay and dna sequencing. findings confirm that tos virus may directly cause encephalitis and suggest the usefulness of dna sequencing in investigating relationships between tos virus molecular patterns and the spectrum of neurological involvement. | 2001 | 11283818 |
| performance of various commercial assays for the detection of toscana virus antibodies. | sandfly fever virus (sfv) serotypes sandfly fever naples virus, sandfly fever sicilian virus, and sandfly fever cyprus virus cause febrile diseases, whereas toscana virus (tosv) is responsible for aseptic meningoencephalitis. diagnosis and surveillance of tosv depend heavily on virus serology, and various commercial assays utilizing various antigen sources and formats have been available. the aim of this study was to perform comparative evaluation of commercially available serological assays for ... | 2011 | 21395410 |
| how to analyze the anticoagulant and antithrombotic mechanisms of action in fucanome and galactanome? | through the perspective of the current glycomics age, fucanomics and galactanomics denote the international projects concerned with the studies of the biomedically active marine sulfated fucose- or galactose-composed polysaccharides, named sulfated fucans (sfs), and sulfated galactans(sgs), respectively. sfs and sgs are isolated from algae or marine invertebrates. the range of therapeutic actions of sfs and sgs is impressively broad. when certain structural requirements are found, some sfs and s ... | 2014 | 24233811 |
| comparison of initial feasibility of host cell lines for viral vaccine production. | in order to reduce the time required for the development and production of viral vaccines, host cell lines should be available as expression systems for production of viral vaccines against groups of viral pathogens. a selection of cell lines was compared for their initial feasibility as expression system for the replication of polioviruses, influenza a viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (wild type strain a2). six adherent cell lines (vero, hek-293, mrc-5, cho-k1, bhk-21 c13, mdck) and six ... | 2013 | 23684847 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to sandfly fever sicilian virus in a sample population in tuscany, italy. | toscana virus is the main phlebovirus circulating in tuscany during the warm season, thus, a seroprevalence study was performed in the same area to estimate the antibody prevalence rates for sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) that is endemic in the mediterranean countries. the low seroprevalence observed in this study shows that this virus does not play an important role in the etiology of febrile illness in central italy. | 2013 | 23289397 |
| extracellular matrix remodeling in equine sarcoid: an immunohistochemical and molecular study. | equine sarcoids are locally invasive, fibroblastic benign skin tumors. bovine papillomavirus type-1 (bpv-1) and/or bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) are believed to be the causative agent of sarcoids, although the mechanisms by which the virus induce the tumor are still poorly understood. we hypothesized that in genetically predisposed equines latent bpv infection may be reactivated by immunosoppression and/or mechanical injury leading to a form of pathologic wound which may transform into a ... | 2016 | 26838095 |
| characterization of rift valley fever virus mp-12 strain encoding nss of punta toro virus or sandfly fever sicilian virus. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv; genus phlebovirus, family bunyaviridae) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen which can cause hemorrhagic fever, neurological disorders or blindness in humans, and a high rate of abortion in ruminants. mp-12 strain, a live-attenuated candidate vaccine, is attenuated in the m- and l-segments, but the s-segment retains the virulent phenotype. mp-12 was manufactured as an investigational new drug vaccine by using mrc-5 cells and encodes a functional nss gene, the majo ... | 2013 | 23638202 |
| Prevalence of toscana and sicilian phlebovirus antibodies in classic Kaposi sarcoma case patients and control subjects in sicily. | To assess whether arthropod bites promote Kaposi sarcoma (KS), we determined the seroprevalence of Sicilian (SFSV) and Toscana (TOSV) phlebovirus antibodies in 30 patients with classic KS and 100 controls in Sicily. Nine (6.9%) subjects, all controls, were positive for SFSV, whereas 41 (31.5%) were positive for TOSV. Seroprevalence with immunoglobulin (Ig) M or IgG against either virus was significantly higher in controls (43% vs 13.3% in case patients; P < .01). Adjusted for age, IgG seropreval ... | 2011 | 21900487 |
| A Review of Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. | The Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC), Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System conducts disease surveillance through a global network of US Department of Defense research laboratories and partnerships with foreign ministries of agriculture, health and livestock development in over 90 countries worldwide. In 2010, AFHSC supported zoonosis survey efforts were organized into four main categories: (i) development of field assays for animal disease survei ... | 2011 | 22128834 |
| [virological study of cases of sandfly fever in afghanistan]. | three strains (af-1008, af-1038, and af-130) of neapolitan sandfly fever virus (nsff) and 2 strains (af-1028 and af-83) of sicilian sandfly fever virus (ssff) were isolated from febrile patients among soldiers of the limited military contingent of soviet troops in afghanistan in may-august, 1986-1987. the viruses were isolated in neonate mice and identified by indirect immunofluorescence, complement-fixation tests and plaque reduction neutralization test in vero e6 and spev cells. the new nsff s ... | 1990 | 2163568 |
| serosurvey for zoonotic viral and bacterial pathogens among slaughtered livestock in egypt. | zoonotic diseases are an important cause of human morbidity and mortality. animal populations at locations with high risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens offer an opportunity to study viral and bacterial pathogens of veterinary and public health concern. | 2014 | 25198525 |
| comparative production analysis of three phlebovirus nucleoproteins under denaturing or non-denaturing conditions for crystallographic studies. | nucleoproteins (nps) encapsidate the phlebovirus genomic (-)rna. upon recombinant expression, nps tend to form heterogeneous oligomers impeding characterization of the encapsidation process through crystallographic studies. to overcome this problem, we set up a standard protocol in which production under both non-denaturing and denaturing/refolding conditions can be investigated and compared. the protocol was applied for three phlebovirus nps, allowing an optimized production strategy for each o ... | 2011 | 21245924 |
| [investigation of west nile virus in central nervous system infections of unknown etiology in ankara, turkey]. | arthropod-borne viral infections have recently gained considerable attention and importance as re-emerging infections in a global scale. west nile virus (wnv), a member of flaviviridae, is an enveloped positive strand rna virus that is usually transmitted to humans by the bite of culicine mosquitoes. although the majority of the human infections are asymptomatic, wnv may also cause febrile and neuro-invasive diseases. seroprevalence data from turkey indicate that wnv activity is present in centr ... | 2010 | 20549960 |
| seroprevalence of sandfly fever virus infection in military personnel on the western border of iran. | military troops deployed to endemic areas are at risk of contracting sandfly fever, an arthropod-borne viral infection. although typically a self-limited disease, sandfly fever can cause significant morbidity and loss of function among soldiers. we conducted this study to determine the extent of past sfv infection in a group of healthy iranian military personnel in ilam province on the western border of iran. a total of 201 serum samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) to ... | 2017 | 27017407 |
| seroprevalence study of toscana virus and viruses belonging to the sandfly fever naples antigenic complex in central and southern italy. | sandfly fever viruses are transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sandflies; serotypes sandfly fever naples virus, sandfly fever sicilian virus and sandfly fever cyprus virus cause febrile illness, whereas toscana virus (tosv) may cause neuroinvasive infections. although tosv is an important cause of aseptic meningitis in central and southern italy, in many cases the infection is asymptomatic, leading to underestimation of the actual spread of the virus. this serosurvey aimed to assess the serop ... | 2017 | 28237695 |
| a case of central nervous system infection due to a novel sandfly fever virus (sfv) variant: sandfly fever turkey virus (sftv). | we present a case of viral encephalitis due to sandfly fever turkey virus (sftv), a novel phlebovirus genetically related to but distinct from sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), recently identified in a 63-year-old female, via consensus pcr and sequencing. sftv was initially characterized in 2010 in samples from outbreaks of febrile diseases occurred during 2007-2008 and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an sftv-related central nervous system (cns) infection. | 2012 | 22336084 |
| a sandfly fever virus outbreak in the east mediterranean region of turkey. | to report a sandfly fever virus (sfv) outbreak that occurred in kahramanmaras province, turkey. | 2012 | 22293495 |
| detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, hanta, and sandfly fever viruses by real-time rt-pcr. | the development of sensitive and specific nucleic acid diagnostic assays for viral pathogens is essential for proper medical intervention. this chapter describes four fluorescence-based pcr assays to detect the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchfv), andes (andv), hantaan (hanv), and sandfly fever sicilian (sfsv) viruses. these assays are based on species-specific hydrolysis probes targeting the nucleocapsid protein gene for cchfv and sfsv and the glycoprotein gene for andv and hanv. all four a ... | 2011 | 21116810 |
| development of a flow-trough microarray based reverse transcriptase multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay for the detection of european bunyaviruses. | it is suspected that apart from tick-borne encephalitis virus several additional european arboviruses such as the sandfly borne toscana virus, sandfly fever sicilian virus and sandfly fever naples virus, mosquito-borne tahyna virus, inkoo virus, batai virus and tick-borne uukuniemi virus cause aseptic meningo-encephalitis or febrile disease in europe. currently, the microarray technology is developing rapidly and there are many efforts to apply it to infectious diseases diagnostics. in order to ... | 2011 | 21390485 |
| phlebovirus and leishmania detection in sandflies from eastern thrace and northern cyprus. | phlebotomine sandflies are vectors of several pathogens with significant impact for public health. this study was conducted to investigate and characterize phlebovirus and leishmania infections in vector sandflies collected in the eastern thrace region in turkey and northern cyprus, where previous data indicate activity of these agents. | 2014 | 25499083 |
| toscana virus nss protein promotes degradation of double-stranded rna-dependent protein kinase. | toscana virus (tosv), which is transmitted by phlebotomus spp. sandflies, is a major etiologic agent of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis in the mediterranean. like other members of the genus phlebovirus of the family bunyaviridae, tosv encodes a nonstructural protein (nss) in its small rna segment. although the nss of rift valley fever virus (rvfv) has been identified as an important virulence factor, which suppresses host general transcription, inhibits transcription from the beta interferon ... | 2013 | 23325696 |
| sandfly fever virus activity in central/northern anatolia, turkey: first report of toscana virus infections. | sandfly fever viruses (sfvs) cause febrile diseases as well as aseptic meningitis/encephalitis and include serotypes sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv) and toscana virus (tosv). infections are endemic in the mediterranean basin and data on sfv activity in turkey are limited. in this study, sera from 1533 blood donors from the ankara, konya, eskisehir and zonguldak provinces of turkey were evaluated for sfv exposure by indirect immunofluorescence test (iift) an ... | 2011 | 20731683 |
| hyperpigmentation results in aberrant immune development in silky fowl (gallus gallus domesticus brisson). | the silky fowl (sf) is known for its special phenotypes and atypical distribution of melanocytes among internal organs. although the genes associated with melanocyte migration have been investigated substantially, there is little information on the postnatal distribution of melanocytes in inner organs and the effect of hyperpigmentation on the development of sf. here, we analyzed melanocyte distribution in 26 tissues or organs on postnatal day 1 and weeks 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, and 23. except for the l ... | 2015 | 26047316 |
| [acute toscana virus infection in an anti-hiv positive patient]. | sandfly fever is an infectious disease transmitted to people through sandfly bites. it usually takes three days and causes chills, high fever, headache, nausea-vomiting and myalgia. the causative agent, namely sandfly fever virus (sfv), is a member of the bunyaviridae family, phlebovirus genus. toscana virus (tosv) is a serotype of sfv, as so sicilian and naples viruses. seroprevalence studies have demonstrated that sfv infections which have mild symptoms or asymptomatic, can be overcome. studie ... | 2014 | 24506728 |
| phleboviruses and the type i interferon response. | the genus phlebovirus of the family bunyaviridae contains a number of emerging virus species which pose a threat to both human and animal health. most prominent members include rift valley fever virus (rvfv), sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv), sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv), toscana virus (tosv), punta toro virus (ptv), and the two new members severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) and heartland virus (hrtv). the nonstructural protein nss is well established as the main p ... | 2016 | 27338447 |
| seroconversion for infectious pathogens among uk military personnel deployed to afghanistan, 2008-2011. | military personnel are at high risk of contracting vector-borne and zoonotic infections, particularly during overseas deployments, when they may be exposed to endemic or emerging infections not prevalent in their native countries. we conducted seroprevalence testing of 467 uk military personnel deployed to helmand province, afghanistan, during 2008-2011 and found that up to 3.1% showed seroconversion for infection with rickettsia spp., coxiella burnetii, sandfly fever virus, or hantavirus; none ... | 0 | 25418685 |
| attenuation of pathogenic rift valley fever virus strain through the chimeric s-segment encoding sandfly fever phlebovirus nss or a dominant-negative pkr. | rift valley fever is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease affecting ruminants and humans. rift valley fever virus (rvfv: family bunyaviridae, genus phlebovirus) causes abortions and fetal malformations in ruminants, and hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, or retinitis in humans. the live-attenuated mp-12 vaccine is conditionally licensed for veterinary use in the us. however, this vaccine lacks a marker for the differentiation of vaccinated from infected animals (diva). nss gene is dispensable for rvf ... | 2016 | 27248570 |
| neutralization-based seroprevalence of toscana virus and sandfly fever sicilian virus in dogs and cats from portugal. | sandfly-borne phleboviruses are endemic in the mediterranean basin. however, levels of exposure of human and animal populations are inadequately researched. toscana virus (tosv) is present in portugal where it causes human infection and disease; in contrast there are few data for sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) which has neither been isolated nor detected by molecular tests and for which there are only limited serological data. the sera collected from 1160 dogs and 189 cats in southern portu ... | 2016 | 27589865 |
| prevalence of toscana sandfly fever virus antibodies in neurological patients and control subjects in sicily. | toscana sandfly fever virus (tosv) is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted to humans by sandfly vectors. it has been associated with human cases of meningitis and meningo-encephalitis mainly occurring during the warm season. we performed a retrospective serological study to evaluate tosv circulation in palermo, sicily, and to compare tosv seroprevalence in patients with neurological symptoms and in a control group of patients without neurological symptoms. when sera from 155 patients with and wi ... | 2012 | 22707128 |
| molecular evidence indicates that phlebotomus major sensu lato (diptera: psychodidae) is the vector species of the recently-identified sandfly fever sicilian virus variant: sandfly fever turkey virus. | sandfly fever turkey virus (sftv) is a recently-discovered sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) variant (family bunyaviridae, genus phlebovirus), characterized during retrospective evaluation of febrile disease outbreaks in turkey. in addition to causing sandfly fever, sftv was observed to induce elevation of liver enzymes, and to cause thrombocytopenia in affected individuals. this study was conducted to identify vectors for phleboviruses including sftv in ankara province, turkey, where evidence ... | 2012 | 22651385 |
| influenza virus sequence feature variant type analysis: evidence of a role for ns1 in influenza virus host range restriction. | genetic drift of influenza virus genomic sequences occurs through the combined effects of sequence alterations introduced by a low-fidelity polymerase and the varying selective pressures experienced as the virus migrates through different host environments. while traditional phylogenetic analysis is useful in tracking the evolutionary heritage of these viruses, the specific genetic determinants that dictate important phenotypic characteristics are often difficult to discern within the complex ge ... | 2012 | 22398283 |
| [serological investigation of phlebovirus exposure in blood donors from the mediterranean province of mersin, turkey]. | phleboviruses are enveloped segmented rna viruses, capable of inducing febrile disease and/or meningoencephalitis in exposed individuals, according to the infecting strain, following transmission via arthropods. prototype medically-important phlebovirus strains responsible for sandfly fever are sandfly fever sicilian virus (sfsv) and sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv), where the sfsv variant sandfly fever cyprus virus (sfcv) is also detected in individuals with febrile disease. toscana virus (tos ... | 2015 | 26313281 |
| novel and emergent sandfly-borne phleboviruses in asia minor: a systematic review. | sandfly-transmitted phleboviruses are globally spread agents causing febrile diseases and central nervous system infections. the activity of pathogenic phleboviruses, as well as several novel strains, has been reported from turkey, a transboundary country connecting asia, europe, and africa with suitable habitats for sandflies. this study overviews all published data on phleboviruses from turkey and evaluates the impact from the virological, epidemiological, and public health perspectives. a sys ... | 2017 | 27531681 |
| phleboviruses associated with sand flies in arid bio-geographical areas of central tunisia. | an entomological investigation was carried out in 2014 at two sites located in central tunisia, one irrigated and another non-irrigated situated in arid bio-geographical areas. sand flies of the subgenus larroussius namely phlebotomus perfiliewi, phlebotomus perniciosus, and phlebotomus longicuspis are the most abundant sand fly species in the irrigated site. however, in the non-irrigated site, phlebotomus papatasi of the phlebotomus genus is the most abundant species. a total of 3191 sand flies ... | 2016 | 26875761 |
| sandfly fever virus as a rare cause of acute viral hepatitis. | | 2014 | 24602976 |