up to the challenge? hormonal and behavioral responses of free-ranging male cassin's sparrows, peucaea cassinii, to conspecific song playback. | the challenge hypothesis postulates that male vertebrates can respond to social challenges, such as simulated territorial intrusions, by rapidly increasing their concentrations of plasma androgens, such as testosterone (t). this increase may facilitate the expression of aggressive behavior and lead to persistence of this behavior even after withdrawal of the challenge, thus potentially promoting territoriality and the probability of winning future challenges. the scope of the challenge hypothesi ... | 2012 | 22504307 |