| pathogenicity of h5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in rooks (corvus frugilegus). | rooks (corvus frugilegus) are considered migratory crows in japan. some rooks share a wintering site in the izumi plain in kagoshima prefecture with hooded cranes (grus monacha) and white-necked cranes (grus vipio), which are designated as "endangered" in the international union for conservation of nature (iucn) red list of threatened species. highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai), caused by h5 subtype viruses, has recently been reported in these crane species in japan, in conjunction with a ... | 2020 | 32013539 |
| ultrastructure of spermatozoa of the white-naped crane. | spermatozoa of the white-naped crane were examined with the light and electron microscopes. the relatively simple spermatozoa have a small acrosome, a short midpiece, and a flagellum lacking both dense fibers and fibrous sheath. crane spermatozoa are unique in that the degree of condensation varies among spermatozoa, but in no spermatozoon does chromatin become highly compacted. incomplete condensation of chromatin may be responsible in part for the variety of sperm head shapes, including elonga ... | 1987 | 3302284 |
| spermatozoal ultrastructure in three species of parrots (aves, psittaciformes) and its phylogenetic implications. | dna-dna hybridization studies suggest that psittaciformes are highly, but not the most, derived nonpasserines. multilocus protein electrophoresis indicates that cockatoos (cacatuinae) form a monophyletic lineage distant from the other australo-papuan psittacids (psittacinae). | 1995 | 7604961 |
| disseminated visceral coccidiosis in a wild white-naped crane (grus vipio). | disseminated visceral coccidiosis (dvc) was unexpectedly recognized in a wild white-naped crane (grus vipio) killed by phosphamidon insecticide. on gross pathologic examination, widely disseminated white nodules were found on the serosa of the pro-ventriculus, gizzard, and intestine, as well as on the surface and in the parenchyma of liver, spleen, and cardiac muscle. microscopically, asexual stages of a coccidia were observed in some nodules. however, the species of coccidia could not be determ ... | 2006 | 17092909 |
| implantation of a titanium partial limb prosthesis in a white-naped crane (grus vipio). | a female white-naped crane (grus vipio) was presented with an open, oblique fracture of the distal right tarsometatarsus and concomitant vascular and nerve damage. conventional fracture fixation repairs failed, which led to implantation of a custom titanium limb prosthesis. after subsequent revisions with 2 different prosthetic devices, limb function was ultimately restored but a later yolk embolism caused a circulatory compromise in the opposite leg, which necessitated euthanasia. histopatholog ... | 2012 | 23156979 |
| hematology and biochemistry in captive white-naped cranes (grus vipio). | in this retrospective study, 36 hematologic and biochemistry samples from white-naped crane (grus vipio) were analyzed. all birds were housed at a single institution, and samples were obtained between 1990 and 2013. all cranes were healthy at the time of sample collection, and ages ranged from 1 mo to 33 yr old. cranes below 18 mo old were considered juveniles. comparisons were made between means for juveniles and adults and for males and females. significant increases in adults (p < 0.05) were ... | 2015 | 26667530 |
| influence of cooling and thawing conditions and cryoprotectant concentration on frozen-thawed survival of white-naped crane (antigone vipio) spermatozoa. | to assist in genetic resource management and recovery efforts of the white-naped crane (antigone vipio), we conducted two experiments to evaluate the effect of cooling condition, thawing rate, and cryoprotectant concentration on sperm survival post-thaw. semen was collected from four mature males during breeding season (march and april) and evaluated for volume, sperm concentration, motility, and membrane integrity. in experiment 1, ejaculates (n = 8) were diluted with beltsville poultry semen e ... | 2016 | 27426074 |
| influence of cooling and thawing conditions and cryoprotectant concentration on frozen-thawed survival of white-naped crane (antigone vipio) spermatozoa. | to assist in genetic resource management and recovery efforts of the white-naped crane (antigone vipio), we conducted two experiments to evaluate the effect of cooling condition, thawing rate, and cryoprotectant concentration on sperm survival post-thaw. semen was collected from four mature males during breeding season (march and april) and evaluated for volume, sperm concentration, motility, and membrane integrity. in experiment 1, ejaculates (n = 8) were diluted with beltsville poultry semen e ... | 2016 | 27426074 |
| why choose random forest to predict rare species distribution with few samples in large undersampled areas? three asian crane species models provide supporting evidence. | species distribution models (sdms) have become an essential tool in ecology, biogeography, evolution and, more recently, in conservation biology. how to generalize species distributions in large undersampled areas, especially with few samples, is a fundamental issue of sdms. in order to explore this issue, we used the best available presence records for the hooded crane (grus monacha, n = 33), white-naped crane (grus vipio, n = 40), and black-necked crane (grus nigricollis, n = 75) in china as t ... | 2017 | 28097060 |
| [production of interspecies hybrid of cranes by artificial insemination with frozen semen]. | studies of artificial insemination of cranes and cryoconservation of their semen have been carried out in the nursery of rare species at the oka biosphere reserve for many years. the criterion of successful cryoconservation of the semen is the obtaining of fertilized eggs after artificial insemination by the thawed semen. an experiment is described on artificial insemination of females of the white-naped crane grus vipio by the frozen-thawed semen of the siberian white crane g. leucogeranus afte ... | 2016 | 11963553 |
| detection of parasitizing coccidia and determination of host crane species, sex and genotype by faecal dna analysis. | in japan, the three main crane species are the endangered red-crowned crane (grus japonensis) inhabiting hokkaido, the northernmost island of japan; the vulnerable hooded crane (grus monacha); and the vulnerable white-naped crane (grus vipio). both the hooded and white-naped cranes migrate in winter to izumi in kyushu, the southern island of japan. in this study, we investigated the cranes and their coccidian parasites, through a targeted molecular approach using faecal dna to develop a noninvas ... | 2011 | 21791031 |
| genetical identification of coccidia in red-crowned crane, grus japonensis. | we genetically analyzed eimerian oocysts isolated from the red-crowned crane (grus japonensis) in hokkaido, a northern island of japan. two types of oocysts of which shapes were similar to eimeria gruis and e. reichenowi were found. nearly the total length of the 18s ribosomal rna gene (about 1.7 kbp in length) was amplified from single oocyst of each type and was sequenced. the respective sequences showed high similarity to those of published partial sequences (349 bp) of e. gruis type oocyst a ... | 2007 | 17102986 |
| accurate analysis of prevalence of coccidiosis in individually identified wild cranes in inhabiting and migrating populations in japan. | eimeria gruis and e. reichenowi cause coccidiosis, a major parasitic disease of cranes. by non-invasive molecular approaches, we investigated the prevalence and genetic characterization of pathogens in two japanese crane habitats; one is hokkaido inhabited by the endangered red-crowned crane, and the other is izumi in kyushu where populations that consist mainly of vulnerable hooded and white-naped cranes migrate in winter. the non-invasively collected faecal samples from each wintering populati ... | 2011 | 21895916 |
| [forage habitat selection of white-naped crane during its incubation period in zhalong wetland]. | by using the methods of fixed-spot observation, gps positioning, sampling plot investigation, and factor analysis, the forage habitat selection of white-naped crane (grus vipio) during its incubation period in zhalong wetland was studied from april to may 2002-2008. in the study area, the crane during its incubation period chose a variety of habitat types as its forage habitat, among which, wetland (reed swamp) was the main one, occupying 74. 36% of the total, followed by farmland. the forage ha ... | 2009 | 19899476 |
| disseminated visceral coccidiosis and cloacal cryptosporidiosis in a japanese white-naped crane (grus vipio). | a 4-mo-old male japanese white-naped crane (grus vipio) kept in an outdoor exhibit at the everland zoological gardens in korea became depressed and developed anorexia, weight loss, and diarrhea. death of this bird was associated with an overwhelming systemic infection by an intracellular coccidian parasite, which resulted in necrosis and granulomatous inflammation in a number of major organs, including the intestine, liver, spleen, and kidney. coccidian parasite-laden macrophages were commonly f ... | 2005 | 15856903 |
| cryopreservation effects on sperm function and fertility in two threatened crane species. | the capacity to cryopreserve semen from captive cranes facilitates production of offspring from behaviorally incompatible or geographically separated pairs, and allows for long-term preservation of valuable genetic materials. the present study sought to develop effective cryopreservation protocols for whooping (grus americana) and white-naped (grus vipio) cranes, through examining the influences of two permeating (dma and me2so) and one non-permeating (sucrose) cryoprotectants, as well as vitami ... | 2018 | 29408447 |
| characterization of gizzards and grits of wild cranes found dead at izumi plain in japan. | we analyzed the gizzards, and grits retained in the gizzards of 41 cranes that migrated to the izumi plain during the winter of 2015/2016 and died there, either due to accident or disease. these included 31 hooded cranes (grus monacha) and 10 white-naped cranes (g. vipio). we determined body weight, gizzard weight, total grit weight and number per gizzard, and size, shape, and surface roundness of the grits. average gizzard weights were 92.4 g for hooded cranes and 97.1 g for white-naped cranes, ... | 2018 | 29503349 |
| vigilance responding to number of conspecifics among mixed groups of cranes in demilitarized zone. | numerous studies have addressed antipredatory benefits of mixed-species flocks of foragers, but studies on individual's vigilance as a function of group size are limited. in the cheolwon area of the korean demilitarized zone, vigilance of the subordinate white-naped cranes (grus vipio) in 11 groups composed of conspecifics and the dominant red-crowned cranes (grus japonensis) was examined. vigilance correlated negatively with group size due to negative correlation with the number of conspecifics ... | 2018 | 30460088 |
| surveillance of antibiotic resistance in escherichia coli isolated from wild cranes on the izumi plain in kagoshima prefecture, japan. | the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in 376 escherichia coli (e. coli) isolates from fecal samples of hooded and white-naped cranes was investigated on the izumi plain in kagoshima prefecture, japan, during winter 2016 and 2017. resistance to oxytetracycline, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid were observed in 10.9%, 3.1-4.4%, and 2.1-7.7% of isolates, respectively. since the previous surveillance in 2007, isolation rates of antibiotic-resistant e. coli recovered from wild cranes have remained at ... | 2019 | 31292336 |
| fracture status of wild cranes (grus monacha and g. vipio) found dead or in a weak condition at izumi plain in japan. | the izumi plain in kagoshima prefecture, japan, is a major wintering ground for wild cranes. between october 2009 and march 2016, a total of 204 hooded cranes grus monacha and white-naped cranes g. vipio were found dead or in a weak condition in the plane. of these, 56 cranes had bone fractures. the rate of incidence of fracture was considered to be higher in white-naped than in hooded cranes. tibia fractures were the most common. the leg and wing fracture numbers were almost equal. forty six pe ... | 2020 | 32418942 |
| [potential habitat and priority protection area of cranes with climate change in the great xing'an mountains, china]. | to clarify the impacts of climate change on the potential distribution of six crane species in the great xing'an mountains region, and promote the effective protection of these species, we selected key environmental variables such as climate, topography, and vegetation type based on pearson correlation and jackknife analysis, and modeled the potential distribution of six crane species in the great xing'an mountains using maxent with the current and the future climate change scenarios (rcp4.5 and ... | 2019 | 31418249 |
| genetic characterization of low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated on the izumi plain in japan: possible association of dynamic movements of wild birds with aiv evolution. | the izumi plain in kagoshima prefecture, japan, is an overwintering site of endangered cranes (hooded cranes and white-naped cranes) and of many other migratory birds (including wild ducks) that are considered carriers of avian influenza viruses (aivs). to assess the risks of a highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in the crane populations, we tested various environmental samples for aivs in this area. in the 2014-2015 winter season, we isolated one aiv of the h6n2 subtype from the cranes' ... | 2018 | 29299682 |