| molecular detection and genotyping of aphanomyces astaci directly from preserved crayfish samples uncovers the norwegian crayfish plague disease history. | aphanomyces astaci causes crayfish plague in european freshwater crayfish, but most historical epizootics lack agent isolation and identification. although declared as crayfish plague outbreaks by the norwegian competent authorities, only presumptive diagnoses without agent isolation exist from norwegian epizootics until 2005. molecular methods now allow both a. astaci detection and genotype determination from preserved samples. we therefore aimed to (1) investigate molecularly if a. astaci was ... | 2014 | 25124447 |
| lc-ms analysis with thiol derivatization to differentiate [dhb(7)]- from [mdha(7)]-microcystins: analysis of cyanobacterial blooms, planktothrix cultures and european crayfish from lake steinsfjorden, norway. | kinetic studies showed that [asp(3), dhb(7)]mc-rr reacted with mercaptoethanol hundreds of times more slowly than mc-rr and a range of other [mdha(7)]-containing microcystin congeners. the difference in reaction rate was sufficiently large that derivatization of microcystin-containing samples with mercaptoethanol, followed by lc-ms analysis, clearly discriminated between microcystins containing the isobaric [dhb(7)]- and [mdha(7)]-groups. application of this approach, using lc-ms with both-ion t ... | 2013 | 23531156 |