| epidemiology of parainfluenza infection in england and wales, 1998-2013: any evidence of change? | human parainfluenza virus (hpiv) infections are one of the commonest causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. in order to determine if there have been any recent changes in hpiv epidemiology in england and wales, laboratory surveillance data between 1998 and 2013 were analysed. the uk national laboratory surveillance database, labbase, and the newly established laboratory-based virological surveillance system, the respiratory datamart system (rdms), were used. descriptive analysis ... | 2017 | 28095926 |