| haemophilus influenzae type b disease in the western region of the gambia: background surveillance for a vaccine efficacy trial. | in preparation for a field trial of an haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in the western region of the gambia, a 3-year prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of hib disease and the vaccination status of affected children. one hundred and eighty-two children with invasive hib disease were found; 141 (77%) had meningitis, 31 (17%) pneumonia and 10 (6%) other forms of invasive disease. the estimated annual incidence rates for all invasive hib diseases were 274 and ... | 1996 | 8790673 |
| epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections, especially those due to haemophilus influenzae type b, in the gambia, west africa. | mortality surveys undertaken in rural areas of the gambia, a small country on the west coast of africa, indicate that acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) are the most frequent cause of death among children and that approximately 1 in 25 rural gambian children dies from an alri before the age of 5 years. community surveys suggest that each child experiences an average of one episode of alri accompanied by radiographic changes before reaching this age. etiologic studies have shown that ... | 1992 | 1588169 |
| hib vaccine introduced in the gambia. | acute respiratory infection (ari) is the most common infectious cause of childhood death in africa. most deaths from ari are caused by bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae type b (hib). hib is also the most common bacterial cause of meningitis, except in those areas with outbreaks of meningococcal disease. up to 40% of infants with meningitis die, and many of the survivors have permanent deafness and brain damage. until recently, however, early diagnosis and treatment was the only defe ... | 1997 | 12348371 |
| epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in the western region, the gambia. | streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in the developing world. the recent development of pneumococcal polysaccharide/protein conjugate vaccines may make possible prevention of this infection. however, little is known about the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the developing world. | 1998 | 9469390 |