| effect of decreased oxygen content on eels (anguilla anguilla) infected by anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea). | the survival chances of eels with anguillicola crassus infection of varying intensity and with varying pathological changes were studied in an experimental system devoid of fresh oxygen supply. eels most severely affected by anguillicolosis died first, while those with less expressed pathological lesions tolerated sublethal oxygen levels for a longer time. findings were similar at 20-21 degrees c and at 27-28 degrees c; at 27-28 degrees c, however, the fish required a higher oxygen content to su ... | 1993 | 8017238 |
| influence of flumequine and oxytetracycline on the resistance of the european eel against the parasitic swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus. | the effect of the antibacterial drugs flumequine (fq) and oxytetracycline (otc) on the defence system of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l., 1758) was investigated using an experimentally induced infection with the parasitic swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus. eight weeks after oral administration of infective larvae, the mean recovery of the parasites in fq-treated eels was lower than in non-medicated control animals, and significantly lower than in otc-treated eels. mean numbers of ... | 1996 | 8807782 |
| changes in gas composition in the swimbladder of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) infected with anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the effect of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) on gas composition in the swimbladder of eels (anguilla anguilla) was studied using mass spectrometry in feral eels from two german rivers and in experimentally infected eels. in both naturally and experimentally infected eels significant correlations were observed between the proportion of oxygen in the swimbladder and level of infection with anguillicola crassus. in swimbladders of naturally infected feral eels the contribution of oxygen to swimbla ... | 1996 | 8851864 |
| endoparasitic helminths of the european eel, anguilla anguilla, from four disconnected meanders from the rivers leie and scheldt in western flanders, belgium. | the endoparasitic helminth communities of the european eel, anguilla anguilla (l.), were investigated in four meanders, cut off from the rivers leie and scheldt in western flanders, belgium. six species of helminths (2 cestodes, 2 nematodes and 2 acanthocephalans) were found. the dominant parasite species was the nematode anguillicola crassus (kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974) infecting 79% of the eel population with intensities up to 112 specimens per fish. at two localities no acanthocephalans ... | 1997 | 9229569 |
| attempts to analyse anguillicola crassus infection and the humoral host response in eels (anguilla anguilla) of lake balaton, hungary. | since the introduction of anguillicola crassus into europe, anguillicolosis has been a considerable problem in several countries. from 1991, periodical eel mortality occurred in lake balaton, hungary. however, eels with a worm burden of 20 to 50 parasites did not show severe swimbladder lesions, which observation cast doubts on the primary aetiological role of the parasite in the eel kill. in order to study the pathology of the infection, from the spring of 1996 until october of the same year, 5 ... | 1997 | 9557321 |
| distribution and prevalence of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) in eels anguilla anguilla of the rivers rhine and naab, germany. | over a period of 2 yr eels were collected at several sites along the river rhine as well as from adjacent waters and examined for anguillicola crassus in the swimbladder. additionally eels were collected once from a site on the river naab (danube system). all eels were searched for both juvenile and adult stages of a. crassus, revealing prevalences of 80% in eels from the river rhine and 39% in eels from the river naab. the mean intensities were 5.6 and 7.7, respectively. with respect to the pre ... | 1998 | 9676253 |
| impact of low water temperature on the development of anguillicola crassus in the final host anguilla anguilla. | the effect of low water temperatures on the development and viability of larval and adult anguillicola crassus (nematoda) in the final host anguilla anguilla was studied. european eels were experimentally infected with a. crassus and then maintained for 4 mo at 4, 9, 10, and 19 degrees c. larval development showed a temperature-dependent pattern and was significantly retarded at low temperatures. third-stage larvae survived a 4 mo period at 4 degrees c without being affected, although they were ... | 1998 | 9722403 |
| radiodiagnostic method for studying swimbladder inflammation caused by anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea). | the nematode anguillicola crassus appeared in europe about 15 yr ago, and has subsequently become recognised as a cause of major pathological lesions in the swimbladder of the european eel anguilla anguilla. the radiographic method reported in this paper showed be a useful complement to diagnostic methods that have so far been based exclusively on fish dissection. using this method, the infection of the swimbladder and the severity of its pathological changes can be assessed in a reliable manner ... | 1998 | 9828409 |
| amphibians and larvae of aquatic insects as new paratenic hosts of anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea), a swimbladder parasite of eels. | amphibians (tadpoles of the frog bombina bombina [l.] and the newt triturus vulgaris [l.]) and aquatic insects (larvae of the alderfly sialis lutaria [l.] [megaloptera], dragonflies sympetrum sanguineum [miller] and coenagrion puella [l.] [odonata], and the caddisfly oligotrichia striati [l.] [trichoptera]) were found to serve as paratenic hosts for the third-stage larvae (l3) of the nematode anguillicola crassus kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974, a pathogenic swimbladder parasite of the eel angu ... | 1998 | 9925427 |
| density-dependent effects on anguillicola crassus (nematoda) within its european eel definitive host. | density-dependent effects on adult and larval stages of the introduced nematode parasite anguillicola crassus in the european eel definitive host were examined in the laboratory in naturally infected fish, and in field samples. the effect of adult nematode subpopulations on larval development over time and the effect of increasing adult intensity on the gravid female subpopulations were investigated. at high adult subpopulations the movement of larvae from the swimbladder wall into the swimbladd ... | 1999 | 10205805 |
| experimental studies on lead accumulation in the eel-specific endoparasites anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and paratenuisentis ambiguus (acanthocephala) as compared with their host, anguilla anguilla. | the effect of salinity and the mode of application (oral versus aqueous) on the lead accumulation in different tissues of the fish host eel (anguilla anguilla) and its parasites anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and paratenuisentis ambiguus (acanthocephala) was investigated. waterborne as well as dietary lead exposure caused an increase in the metal levels of different eel tissues and the parasites. the mode of lead application had a significant influence on the distribution of lead in the fish ti ... | 1999 | 10398769 |
| contents of several inorganic substances in european eel infected and uninfected by anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the content of 5 macroelements and 5 microelements were analyzed using the atomic absorption method in muscle samples of european eels infected and uninfected by anguillicola crasus. the mean contents of these substances in infected eels were statistically highly significantly lower in ca, p, fe, mn, but only statistically significantly lower in na, mg, zn and cu as compared to uninfected fishes. these differences are discussed in relation to hematophagus feeding and pathogenity of the parasite. | 1999 | 10494503 |
| richness and diversity of parasite communities in european eels anguilla anguilla of the river rhine, germany, with special reference to helminth parasites. | a total of 121 european eels (anguilla anguilla) from 2 sampling sites on the river rhine were investigated in respect of their parasite communities. special attention was given to the swim bladders, intestines, gills and fins of the fish. twelve different parasite species were found to live in and on the eels. data from each sampling site were kept separate. parasites found in descending order of prevalence were: anguillicola crassus, trypanosoma granulosum, myxobolus sp., paratenuisentis ambig ... | 1999 | 10503258 |
| an enhanced humoral immune response against the swimbladder nematode, anguillicola crassus, in the japanese eel, anguilla japonica, compared with the european eel, a. anguilla. | the humoral immune response in the two eel species, anguilla japonica and anguilla anguilla against two fractions of antigens in anguillicola crassus were studied. within species, both eel species showed significantly elevated titres compared with controls when immunized with antigens from anguillicola crassus. in interspecific comparison, anguilla japonica showed significantly elevated titres in comparison with anguilla anguilla. immunization of anguilla anguilla caused a significantly decrease ... | 1999 | 10526415 |
| histopathological changes in the swimbladder wall of the european eel anguilla anguilla due to infections with anguillicola crassus. | the histopathological changes in swimbladders of european eels naturally and experimentally infected with anguillicola crassus were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. during the course of probably several infections swimbladders undergo characteristic changes. in addition to the thickening of the entire swimbladder wall, and to the folded internal surface of this organ, inflammation, migration of white blood cells, fibrosis and changes in the epithelial cells are freque ... | 2000 | 10715817 |
| physiological status of wild european eels (anguilla anguilla) infected with the parasitic nematode, anguillicola crassus. | the effect of the parasitic swimbladder nematode, anguillicola crassus, on the physiological status of wild european eels (anguilla anguilla) was investigated during an 18 month survey (february 1995 until september 1996), and compared with that of wild uninfected eels collected over the same time-period. despite the occurrence of up to 15 blood-feeding adults in the swimbladder lumen of the infected eels and as many as 25 additional larvae in the swimbladder wall, there were no major difference ... | 2000 | 10726280 |
| effect of salinity on hatching, survival and infectivity of anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea) larvae. | the effect of salinity on hatching, larval survival and infectivity of anguillicola crassus was studied under experimental conditions using eggs obtained from naturally infected eels. egg hatching rate, second-stage larval survival and larval infectivity were maximal in fresh water and declined with increase in salinity. larvae survived up to 100 d in fresh water, 70 d in 50 % sea water and 40 d in 100% sea water. infectivity experiments demonstrated that salinity influenced transmission success ... | 2000 | 10843559 |
| humoral immune response of european eel anguilla anguilla experimentally infected with anguillicola crassus. | a humoral immune response of the european eel anguilla anguilla elicited by an experimental infection was demonstrated for the first time against the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus. eels were experimentally infected once or repeatedly and the antibody response was observed over a period of 325 d. specific antibodies against a. crassus in the peripheral blood of the eels were measured using an elisa and the immunoblot technique. anti-a. crassus antibodies were first observed 8 wk post ... | 2000 | 10986646 |
| infection of the glass-eel swimbladder with the nematode anguillicola crassus. | the ability of the nematode anguillicola crassus to infect eel larvae (glass-eel stage) was tested. the results show that glass-eels fed on infected copepods, the natural intermediate host of the nematode, can be infected. light microscopical examination of the infected developing swimbladder tissue revealed that the infection results in a significant thickening of the connective tissue. the basolateral labyrinth of gas gland cells is very much reduced in infected swimbladders, and the distance ... | 2000 | 11085227 |
| evaluation of an elisa and immunoblotting for studying the humoral immune response in anguillicola crassus infected european eel anguilla anguilla. | the applicability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of anguillicolosis in feral eels was examined using a crude antigen preparation from the body wall of adult anguillicola crassus. the screening consisted of samples from 100 feral european eels anguilla anguilla. as a reference the actual status of infection was determined by dissection of the eels' swim-bladders. the elisa results were compared with a background value calculated from the results obtained from 43 ... | 2000 | 11129379 |
| [pseudorascora parva (teleostei, cyprinidae), an invasive species, a new vector for the maintenance and dissemination of anguillicolosis in france?]]. | pseudorasbora parva (pisces, cyprinidae) is an invasive species from eastern asia. known in france since 1983, it has only been observed since 1993 in the rhône delta where large populations occur. 203 specimens of that fish species have been examined for l3-larvae of anguillicola crassus. 35% of the fish were found to be infected. | 2001 | 11304955 |
| development of anguillicola crassus (dracunculoidea, anguillicolidae) in experimentally infected balearic congers ariosoma balearicum (anguilloidea, congridae). | the development of anguillicola crassus in experimentally infected ariosoma balearicum (anguilloidea, congridae) kept in seawater was studied in the laboratory. in parallel trials the effect of water salinity on the development of larval a. crassus in european eels anguilla anguilla was also investigated using eels kept in seawater of a salinity of 34 per thousand. both eel species were orally inoculated with l3 larvae of a. crassus and then maintained for up to 3 mo at 18 degrees c in seawater. ... | 1999 | 11407407 |
| induction of stress by the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus in european eels, anguilla anguilla, after repeated experimental infection. | the purpose of this study was to determine under laboratory conditions over a period of 311 days if infection with the nematode anguillicola crassus induces stress in european eels (anguilla anguilla), and stimulates the endocrine stress axis as measured by serum cortisol levels. eels were experimentally infected with 3rd-stage larvae (l3) in different doses to simulate natural conditions with varying infection pressures. blood samples were drawn from the caudal vein every 2 weeks and serum cort ... | 2001 | 11510683 |
| the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus in american eels (anguilla rostrata) from middle and upper regions of chesapeake bay. | the patterns of infection of american eels anguilla rostrata, with the introduced swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus, in tributaries of middle and upper chesapeake bay are described. a total of 423 subadult eels was collected from 8 bay tributaries from spring 1998 to fall 1999. also, 30 elvers were collected from ocean city, maryland, in spring 1998. the numbers of juvenile and adult specimens of a. crassus in the swimbladder wall and lumen were counted. no elvers were infected. in subad ... | 2001 | 11780823 |
| the osmotic relationship of the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus with seawater eels. | the study was designed to test the hypothesis that the majority of individuals in a population of anguillicola crassus can tolerate seawater by osmoconformation with the blood plasma of the eel host. the osmolality of the pseudocoelomic fluid of pre-adult and adult a. crassus was compared to the osmolality of eel plasma after eels were maintained in laboratory freshwater for 2 weeks (short-term transfer) or 3 months (long-term transfer) or in natural seawater for 2 h (acute transfer), 2 weeks or ... | 2002 | 11922435 |
| the health state of the eel swimbladder as a measure of parasite pressure by anguillicola crassus. | we have developed an index based on macroscopic criteria to easily assess the health state of the eel swimbladder as a result of infection by the nematode anguillicola crassus. in the sampling area (brackish lagoons of the french mediterranean coast), 92% of the host sample (1,251 eels covering all size classes) showed pathological signs of infection. the general trend was for increasing damage as eel size increased, thus suggesting accumulation of pathological effects. we also revealed a non-li ... | 2002 | 12003069 |
| spatial and temporal variation in anguillicola crassus counts: results of a 4 year survey of eels in mediterranean lagoons. | we present the results of a survey of anguillicolosis in the rh6ne river delta. from january 1997 to december 2000, a total of 13,319 eels (anguilla anguilla from elver to silver phase) were examined, in which we found 22,227 swimbladder nematodes (anguillicola crassus adults and pre-adults). a generalised linear model (glm) framework was used to explore the relative contribution of various factors to the occurrence, intensity and abundance of the parasite. we reveal a major influence of the mon ... | 2002 | 12219974 |
| spatio-temporal dynamics of the parasitic nematode anguillicola crassus in flanders, belgium. | despite egusa's earlier warning of the damage that the parasitic nematode anguillicola crassus could inflict on the european eel anguilla anguilla, its introduction in europe was a fact in the early 1980s. based on an elaborate dataset on anguillicola crassus infection of 11 river catchments, this paper presents the results of a detailed study on the dispersal of the parasite in flanders, belgium, and the host-parasite relationship. in addition, data from 1986 and 1997 are used for comparative p ... | 2003 | 14667034 |
| effects of various hormones on the sexual maturity of european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) females from farm and lakes. | previously described and alternative methods of the induction of sexual maturation in the european eel were investigated. weekly administrations of a gonadoliberin agonist (nnrh-a=d-phe6-gnrh-ea) did not induce statistically significant effect on the gonads of treated eels in none of the dosages used (0.1 microg and 10 microg/fish). carp pituitary extract and carp pituitary extract together with a dopamine antagonist caused considerable external changes (increase in eye size) and significant gon ... | 2003 | 14711035 |
| comparative study of x-ray computerised tomography and conventional x-ray methods in diagnosis of swimbladder infection in eels caused by anguillicola crassus. | to date, swimbladder lesions due to anguillicola crassus infection of the european eel anguilla anguilla have so far been studied only by conventional x-ray methods. this is the first study to report the use of computerised tomography (ct) for studying lesions induced by anguillicolosis. of 50 eels caught by electrofishery from lake balaton, hungary, in autumn 2002 and pre-selected by a conventional x-ray method, 22 specimens were examined with a siemens somatom plus s40 spiral ct scanner. tomog ... | 2004 | 15109137 |
| individual and combined effects of cadmium and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126) on the humoral immune response in european eel (anguilla anguilla) experimentally infected with larvae of anguillicola crassus (nematoda). | the individual and combined effects of cadmium (cd) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126) on the antibody response of fish against metazoan parasites were tested. eels experimentally infected with the swim bladder nematode anguillicola crassus were exposed to sublethal concentrations of cd and pcb 126. cd was added to the water resulting in an effective concentration of 21.7 +/- 12.8 microg/l (mean +/- s.d.). pcb 126 was applied orally at a dose of approximately 100 ng pcb 126 per g body ... | 2004 | 15151150 |
| influence of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) on swimming activity of european eel anguilla anguilla. | we investigated the swimming activity of 70 european eels anguilla anguilla in relation to natural infection with 2 parasite species: the eel-specific swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus and the non-specific skin and gill protozoan ichthyophthirius multifiliis. we measured how long individual eels exposed to a water current in a swimming channel with a steady-stream profile could withstand the water current. the parasites affected the swimming behaviour of eels in different ways. the maxim ... | 2004 | 15460857 |
| differences in susceptibility of the european eel (anguilla anguilla) and the japanese eel (anguilla japonica) to the swim-bladder nematode anguillicola crassus. | the swim-bladder nematode anguillicola crassus originates from the far east where it is a parasite of the japanese eel (anguilla japonica). after a. crassus was introduced to europe, it became a predominant parasite of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). a study performed with experimentally infected eels (98 days, 23 degrees c) revealed significant differences in the susceptibility of the two eel species to this parasite. the recovery rate of 30 administered infective a. crassus larvae (l3) f ... | 2004 | 15521638 |
| anguillicolosis: dynamics of the infection over two decades. | the dynamics of the infection of the european eel anguilla anguilla l. by the asian nematode anguillicola crassus kuwahara, niimi and itagaki, 1974 (i.e. anguillicolosis) was monitored over 2 decades in an oligohaline canal in southern france (camargue, mediterranean coast). since the first mention of the parasite in this canal in 1985, which was also the first record in france, prevalence of pre-adult and adult forms has risen from 32 to 73%. however, during the last 7 yr (1997 to 2003), preval ... | 2004 | 15672878 |
| anguillicola papernai (nematoda: anguillicolidae) and other helminths parasitizing the african longfin eel anguilla mossambica. | the swim bladder nematode anguillicola papernai moravec & taraschewski, 1988 has been investigated as regards its occurrence in longfin eels anguilla mossambica (peters) in rivers in south africa. a. papernai revealed a prevalence of around 50% and a mean intensity of about 6 adult worms at 1 sampling site but were less abundant in 3 others. field observations suggest a more narrow habitat preference than that of anguillicola crassus and a seasonal pattern of abundance. african longfin eels harb ... | 2005 | 15819434 |
| radiodiagnostic method for studying the dynamics of anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea) infection and pathological status of the swimbladder in lake balaton eels. | swimbladder changes resulting from anguillicola crassus infection of the european eel anguilla anguilla have been the subject of several studies reported in the literature. these investigations, however, studied exclusively the status of infection at a given point in time and did not deal with changes in swimbladder infection in eels suffering from anguillicolosis over a period of time. in this study, a. crassus-induced pathological changes were monitored in 78 eels naturally infected in lake ba ... | 2005 | 15900688 |
| dynamics and predicted decline of anguillicola crassus infection in european eels, anguilla anguilla, in neusiedler see, austria. | the eel population in neusiedler see has been maintained by regular massive stocking since 1958. after the establishment of the national park neusiedler see-seewinkel in 1993, eel stocking was prohibited and the population, together with the specific parasites of eels, was predicted to decline to extinction within 10 years. this investigation was undertaken to document the decline and extinction of the anguillicola crassus population in eels. from 1994 to 2001, 720 eels were collected from two s ... | 2005 | 15946398 |
| epidemiology of anguillicola crassus in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) from two rivers in southern england. | european eels anguilla anguilla from the rivers thames and test, in the south of england, were examined between 2000 and 2003 for infection with the swim-bladder nematode anguillicola crassus. since its introduction to thames eels at tidal estuarine locations circa 1987, a. crassus has become established in non-tidal freshwater stretches upriver and data from these locations are reported for the first time. the prevalence of infection at thames estuary locations was higher during 2000-2003 than ... | 2005 | 15977905 |
| physiological responses to acute temperature increase in european eels anguilla anguilla infected with anguillicola crassus. | the swimbladder parasite, anguillicola crassus has infected, and spread rapidly, through european eel anguilla anguilla (l.) populations over the past 20 to 25 yr. our aim in the present studies was to elucidate whether the presence of a. crassus in these eels alters their rapid physiological responses to an acute temperature increase, compared to the response of uninfected fish. both infected and uninfected fish showed significant increases in plasma cortisol after 2 h at a raised environmental ... | 2005 | 15997820 |
| european eels, anguilla anguilla (l.), infected with anguillicola crassus exhibit a more pronounced stress response to severe hypoxia than uninfected eels. | the parasite, anguillicola crassus is a non-native species that infects naive european eels, anguilla anguilla, and causes pathological damage to the swimbladder, potentially compromising their ability to cope with hypoxic conditions. this study aimed to elucidate whether anguillicolosis exacerbates the stress responses to exposure to hypoxic water, conditions that have been implicated in mass mortalities of wild infected european eels. blood parameters in infected and uninfected eels were measu ... | 2005 | 16083448 |
| effects of infection with anguillicola crassus and simultaneous exposure with cd and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126) on the levels of cortisol and glucose in european eel ( anguilla anguilla ). | to investigate whether the stress response of european eels infected with anguillicola crassus is influenced by environmental pollutants, experimentally infected eels were exposed to cd and/or to 3,3', 4,4', 5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126). serum cortisol and glucose concentrations of these eels were monitored over a period of 103 days and were compared with data from infected, unexposed eels as well as with data from uninfected eels. additionally, the levels of cortisol were correlated with con ... | 2006 | 16209723 |
| first record of ostracods as natural intermediate hosts of anguillicola crassus, a pathogenic swimbladder parasite of eels anguilla spp. | the ostracod physocypria nipponica (ostracoda: candonidae) was found (prevalence 14.2%) to be the only intermediate host of the nematode anguillicola crassus (nematoda: anguillicolidae), a pathogenic swimbladder parasite of eels, in a greenhouse-heated culture pond at isshiki, aichi prefecture, japan. japanese eels anguilla japonica from the same pond were found to be infected by adult a. crassus (prevalence 71.8%, intensity 1 to 6). this indicates that a. crassus could complete its life cycle u ... | 2005 | 16231644 |
| the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus in the european eel anguilla anguilla and the japanese eel anguilla japonica: differences in susceptibility and immunity between a recently colonized host and the original host. | the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus originates from asia where it is a parasite of the japanese eel anguilla japonica. after its introduction to europe about 25 years ago, the parasite spread rapidly within the indigenous populations of the european eel anguilla anguilla and subsequently the prevalence and mean intensity appeared to stabilize. under experimental and aquaculture conditions the naïve new host appears to be more susceptible to a. crassus compared to the original host. bot ... | 2006 | 16768856 |
| helminth communities of european eels anguilla anguilla (linnaeus, 1758) from the vistula lagoon and puck bay, poland. | within 2001-2002 a total of 621 eel anguilla anguilla (l., 1758) (488 from the vistula lagoon and 133 from the puck bay) were examined. fifteen parasite taxa were recovered: pseudodactylogyrus anguillae (yin et sproston, 1948), brachyphallus crenatus (rudolphi, 1802), deropristis inflata (molin, 1859), diplostomum spp., bothriocephalus claviceps (goeze, 1782), proteocephalus macrocephalus (creplin, 1825), anguillicola crassus (kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974), camallanus lacustris (zoega, 1776) ... | 2005 | 16838624 |
| nematodes of the intestine and swimbladder of the european eel anguilla anguilla (l.) ascending pomeranian rivers. | the study focused on the eel (length and weight averaging 23.1 cm and 13.7 g, respectively) ascending pomeranian rivers in summers of 1999 - 2003. the swim bladder was examined in 322 individuals, the intestine being examined in 272 fish. anguillicola crassus was present in the swim bladder of 184 fish. infection prevalence varied between the rivers, the highest prevalence being recorded in the eel caught in the radew (65.6%) and the lowest in the wieprza (41.7%). the intensity of infection was ... | 2004 | 16892600 |
| occurrence of anguillicola crassus (nematoda: dracunculoidea) in japanese eels anguilla japonica from a river and an aquaculture unit in sw taiwan. | the infection by swimbladder nematodes of the genus anguillicola (dracunculoidea: anguillicolidae) was examined in 2 populations of the japanese eel anguilla japonica in sw taiwan. wild eels from the kao-ping river were compared with cultured eels from an adjacent aquaculture unit. only the cosmopolitan species anguillicola crassus was present. among wild eels, prevalence of infection varied between 21 and 62%, and mean intensity between 1.7 and 2.7 for adult worms. similar intensity values (1.3 ... | 2006 | 16956057 |
| the dynamics of the nematode anguillicola crassus, kuvahara 1974 in eel anguilla anguilla (l. 1758) in the sebou estuary (morocco). | the european eel is a vulnerable fish by its complex life cycle, by the impact of pollution of the near total of freshwater aquatic environments, and by the gravity and the diversity of its parasites (nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, the copepoda, coccidia...). it is classified in the red book of threatened species. the anguillulose is the principal parasitic pathology of an eel either in the natural environment or in the aquaculture. the eels taken in the three zones of the sebou estuary of var ... | 2007 | 17096144 |
| parasite fauna of the eel, anguilla anguilla (linnaeus, 1758), from the polish part of the vistula lagoon. | eel is one of the most valuable commercial fish species of the vistula lagoon. for this reason its infection by non-indigenous species of parasites is the subject of the interest of sciencists. | 2006 | 17120993 |
| parasite fauna of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l, 1758) from the russian part of the vistula lagoon (baltic sea). | the european eel is one of the major fishing objects of the russian fishery zone of the vistula lagoon (baltic sea). this is the reason that its parasite fauna was studied within 1998-2005. | 2006 | 17120994 |
| the pathogenic helminth parasites of eels. | although 63 and 55 species of helminths have been reported from each species of atlantic eel and from 29 to 19 for each species of pacific eel only the monogeneans pseudodactylogyrus bini and p. anguillae and the nematode anguillicola crassus, originally specific to species of pacific eels, can be considered serious pathogens. none of the three are normally pathogenic to their preferred natural eel host species in the wild. pseudodactylogyrus spp. only cause serious local gill damage when presen ... | 2007 | 17498176 |
| element concentrations in the swimbladder parasite anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and its host the european eel, anguilla anguilla from asi river (hatay-turkey). | the european eel's swimbladder nematode, anguillicola crassus, sampled from the asi river (orontes river) in antakya (hatay, turkey) in may 2006 were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (icp-aes) for their some heavy metal (cd, cr, cu, fe, hg, mn, pb and zn) levels. the metal concentrations of the parasites were compared to different organs (swimbladder, liver, muscle and skin) of the fish hosts. the parasite contained statistically highly significantly amounts of ... | 2008 | 17661155 |
| structure of the pharynx in the adult nematode anguillicoloides crassus (nematoda: rhabditida). | the structure of the pharynx of the adult female nematode anguillicoloides crassus (spirurina) has been studied for the first time using light and transmission electron microscopy. the cylindrical pharynx consists of a short anterior muscular corpus and an enlarged posterior glandular and muscular postcorpus. the main cellular components of the pharynx of a. crassus include the muscle cells, the marginal cells, the nerve cells, and 1 dorsal and 2 subventral glands. new observations for nematodes ... | 2007 | 18163334 |
| parasite communities in eels of the island of reunion (indian ocean): a lesson in parasite introduction. | eel populations from the small rivers on the island of reunion (french overseas department in the indian ocean) were investigated with respect to the occurrence and abundance of helminths during the autumn of 2005. the native species anguilla marmorata (n = 80), anguilla bicolor (n = 23), and anguilla mossambica (n = 15) were studied. six species of helminths were identified, four of them having a definitely nonnative status. furthermore, unidentified intra-intestinal juvenile cestodes and extra ... | 2008 | 18288491 |
| vaccination of eels (anguilla japonica and anguilla anguilla) against anguillicola crassus with irradiated l3. | the original host of the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus, the japanese eel (anguilla japonica) and the recently colonized european eel (anguilla anguilla) were immunized with 40 irradiated (500 gy) 3rd-stage larvae (l3) of this parasite and challenged with an infection of 40 normal l3. the immunization induced a significant reduction of the number of adult worms developing from the challenge infection in a. japonica, but not in a. anguilla. the induced resistance (calculated using the ... | 2008 | 18302804 |
| migratory response of european eel (anguilla anguilla) phagocytes to the eel swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus. | the migratory response of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes from the european eel anguilla anguilla (l.) to infective larvae of the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus kuwahara, niimi and hagaki, 1974 was examined by means of light microscopical histology and with an in vitro assay using a modified boyden chamber. histological examination of experimentally infected eels revealed that, already 8 days postinfection, an infiltration of inflammatory cells around l3 of a. crassus in t ... | 2008 | 18311570 |
| anguillicola crassus infection in anguilla rostrata from small tributaries of the hudson river watershed, new york, usa. | we studied the invasion of the exotic nematode parasite anguillicola crassus in the american eel anguilla rostrata using tributaries of the hudson river estuary. yellow-phase american eels were sampled from 6 tributaries, and their swim bladders were examined for nematode infection. prevalence averaged 39% with an intensity of 2.4 nematodes per eel. parasite distribution was not significant along a latitudinal gradient; on the other hand, physical barriers (dams and natural waterfalls) significa ... | 2008 | 18429440 |
| characteristics of the peripheral blood of the anguillicola crassus (kuwahara, niimi et tagaki, 1974) and trypanosoma granulosum laveran et mesnil, 1902 infested eel (anguilla anguilla l.) ascending the river rega (north-western poland). | the study was aimed at characterising the peripheral blood of eel (anguilla anguilla l.) ascending the river rega and infested with anguillicola crassus (kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974) and trypanosoma granulosum laveran et mesnil, 1902. material and methods: haematological assays were performed on 58 eel individuals caught in august and september 2001 and in july 2002. the nematode anguillicola crassus was identified in the swim bladder lumen of 44 eel individuals. the mean infestation intens ... | 2007 | 18441878 |
| biased sex ratio in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) swim-bladder parasite anguillicola crassus, experimentally induced by 11-ketotestosterone. | parasites are intimately connected to the host in which they live, and some may be affected by the polluted environment of their host. the present study describes the effect of a steroid hormone (11-ketotestosterone) on the sex ratio of the invasive hematophagous nematode anguillicola crassus kuwahara, niimi & itagaki, 1974, when experimentally injected to european eels, anguilla anguilla. our results showed that this steroid induced a significant male-biased ratio in the nematode a. crassus inf ... | 2008 | 18576815 |
| differential gene expression analysis in european eels (anguilla anguilla, l. 1758) naturally infected by macroparasites. | we analyzed the relationships between the macroparasite community of the european eel and the expression of genes involved in the host physiology during its continental life. the genes studied are implicated in (1) host response to environmental stress, i.e., heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and metallothionein (mt); (2) osmoregulation, i.e., beta thyroid hormone receptor (betathr) and na+/k+atpase; and (3) silvering, i.e., betathr, freshwater rod opsin (fwo), and deep-sea rod opsin (dso). all were ... | 2008 | 18605780 |
| population structure of the parasitic nematode anguillicola crassus, an invader of declining north atlantic eel stocks. | probably half of all animal species exhibit a parasitic lifestyle and numerous parasites have recently expanded their distribution and host ranges due to anthropogenic activities. here, we report on the population genetic structure of the invasive nematode anguillicola crassus, a parasite in freshwater eels, which recently spread from asia to europe and north america. samples were collected from the newly colonized naive host species anguilla anguilla (europe) and anguilla rostrata (north americ ... | 2008 | 18727770 |
| first record of anguillicoloides crassus (nematoda) in american eels (anguilla rostrata) in canadian estuaries, cape breton, nova scotia. | in the summer of 2007, american eels, anguilla rostrata, from 2 localities on cape breton island, were found to be infected with the swim bladder nematode anguillicoloides crassus. this is the first documented report of this highly invasive parasite in canadian waters. more than half of the yellow eels in mira river (6 of 10), and 1 eel (of 5) from sydney harbour were infected. parasite intensity ranged from 1 to 11 worms per eel. the occurrence of a. crassus at these 2 localities suggests the n ... | 2009 | 18767906 |
| regulation of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) infrapopulations in their definitive host, the european eel, anguilla anguilla. | the parasitic nematode anguillicola crassus was recently introduced into populations of the european eel, anguilla anguilla. we investigated, under experimental conditions, the regulation of a. crassus infrapopulations. we tested the effects of (1) the resource-limited habitat of the parasite and (2) the coexistence of several developmental stages in its niche (the swim-bladder) on the composition of the infrapopulations. the results revealed that the respective effects of these factors differed ... | 2008 | 18940021 |
| trace element concentrations in proteocephalus macrocephalus (cestoda) and anguillicola crassus (nematoda) in comparison to their fish host, anguilla anguilla in ria de aveiro, portugal. | the use of some fish parasites as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution has been demonstrated as particularly adequate due to their capacity of bioconcentration. this study evaluated the effect of proteocephalus macrocephalus on the accumulation of trace elements in the edible fish, anguilla anguilla, in a contaminated area in portugal (ria de aveiro). also, the model p. macrocephalus/a. anguilla was assessed as a bioindicator system in the presence of the highly prevalent nematode anguillicola ... | 2009 | 19010518 |
| distribution, prevalence, and intensity of the swim bladder parasite anguillicola crassus in new england and eastern canada. | in the summer of 2005, yellow phase american eels anguilla rostrata were examined for the swim bladder parasite anguillicola crassus from 26 locations in new england, usa, ranging from the pawcatuck river, rhode island, to the east machias river, maine. an additional 12 sites were sampled within canada during the summers of 2006 and 2007: 7 sites in southern nova scotia and 5 sites within the st. lawrence river system. in 2007, eels were also obtained from new brunswick, northern nova scotia, pr ... | 2009 | 19565700 |
| genetic variability is unrelated to growth and parasite infestation in natural populations of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | positive correlations between individual genetic heterozygosity and fitness-related traits (hfcs) have been observed in organisms as diverse as plants, marine bivalves, fish or mammals. hfcs are not universal and the strength and stability of hfcs seem to be variable across species, populations and ages. we analysed the relationship between individual genetic variability and two different estimators of fitness in natural samples of european eel, growth rate (using back-calculated length-at-age 1 ... | 2009 | 19840264 |
| gross and microscopic pathological changes associated with parasitic infection in european eel (anguilla anguilla, linnaeus 1758). | the gross pathological and histopathological changes associated with parasitic infection in the european eel (anguilla anguilla linnaeus, 1758) was investigated. a total of 65 eels collected from three sampling localities in eastern delta, egypt were examined over the period of january-may 2008. the fish were subjected to standard procedures for parasitological and pathological examinations. overall, 22 (33.8%) of the 65 fish examined were found to have parasitic infections. the eels harbored a ... | 2010 | 19953271 |
| changes in gene expression in european eels (anguilla anguilla) induced by infection with swim bladder nematodes (anguillicola crassus). | the european eel, anguilla anguilla, is considered an endangered species that is under pressure for many reasons. among others, the introduced parasite anguillicola crassus is thought to play an important role in the decline of eel populations. these nematodes have been shown to negatively affect many fitness-related traits in eels, e.g., growth, osmoregulation, and stress tolerance. nevertheless, there has been little work on the way in which the host-parasite interaction influences the molecul ... | 2009 | 20049987 |
| genetic signatures in an invasive parasite of anguilla anguilla correlate with differential stock management. | in this article, it is shown that available genetic tools for the omnipresent parasite anguillicoloides crassus in european eels anguilla anguilla are sensitive to different immigration rates into local a. anguilla stocks for two separated river systems. relying on four highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, it was inferred that under natural recruitment, nematode samples meet hardy-weinberg expectations for a single panmictic population, while genetic signals show signs for a strong wahlund ... | 2010 | 20646147 |
| effects of the swimbladder parasite anguillicola crassus on the migration of european silver eels anguilla anguilla in the baltic sea. | in a mark-recapture study in 2006, migrating european anguilla anguilla silver eels were caught, tagged and released in the baltic sea and recaptures in commercial pound nets examined for possible effects on migration of infection with the swimbladder parasite anguillicola crassus. the overall recapture rate was 36%. the prevalence of infection was lowest at the northernmost sampling site. there were no significant differences between infected and uninfected a. anguilla in condition indices, bod ... | 2009 | 20735694 |
| an evaluation of indices of gross pathology associated with the nematode anguillicoloides crassus in eels. | this study compares two alternative indices for quantifying the gross pathology of the swimbladder of eels, anguilla anguilla (l.), infected with the nematode anguillicoloides crassus. two observers recorded twice the scores obtained by the two indices on the same set of 71 wild caught eels (from elver to silver eels, french mediterranean lagoons). the length ratio index (lri), performed better than the swimbladder degenerative index (sdi), in three of four predefined criteria of decision. first ... | 2010 | 21118268 |
| the european eel-the swim bladder-nematode system provides a new view of the invasion paradox. | it is widely assumed that the likelihood of invasion decreases with increased species richness in the recipient community. however, the invasion paradox supports a negative and a positive relationship between native biodiversity and the success of an invader. here, we show that for a host-parasite system (anguilla anguilla as host and anguillicoloides crassus as parasitic invader), invasion increases with native micro- and macroparasitic species richness. in fact, about 30% of the a. crassus int ... | 2010 | 21184096 |
| early marine migration of european silver eel anguilla anguilla in northern norway. | to study the migratory behaviour in wild northern european silver eel anguilla anguilla during sea entry and early marine migration, 32 individuals were tagged with acoustic transmitters and registered at four automatic listening station arrays from the mouth of the north norwegian river alta and throughout the alta fjord. the a. anguilla entered the fjord during all parts of the tidal cycle and did not seem to utilize the outgoing tidal currents. they migrated mainly during the night, in both t ... | 2011 | 21539549 |
| an invasion record for the swimbladder nematode anguillicoloides crassus in european eel anguilla anguilla in a deep cold-monomictic lake, from invasion to steady state. | this study is the first account of the establishment and development of the neozoic nematode parasite anguillicoloides crassus in its host, the european eel anguilla anguilla, in a deep, cold-monomictic lake. a 21 year study of a. crassus took place in upper lake constance (ulc), europe's second largest pre-alpine lake. the study included two extensive surveys, one in 1991 during the initial parasite invasion phase and the second in 2006 when the infection was well established. the subtropical s ... | 2011 | 21884109 |
| Confirmation of the hosts involved in the life cycle of an acanthocephalan parasite of Anguilla anguilla (L.) from Lake Piediluco and its effect on the reproductive potential of its amphipod intermediate host. | A total of 37 European eels, Anguilla anguilla, collected from Lake Piediluco, Central Italy, and measuring 35 to 75.5 cm in total length (mean±1 SD, 56.41?±?10.89 cm) were examined, and their acanthocephalan infections assessed. Thirty-two (86.49%) eels were infected with Acanthocephalus rhinensis (mean±1 SD, 67.38?±?65.16; range, 1-350), a species that, purportedly, can be discriminated on the basis of a characteristic band of orange-brown pigmentation encircling the anterior end of the trunk. ... | 2011 | 22167374 |
| individual and combined effects of copper and parasitism on osmoregulation in the european eel anguilla anguilla. | the european eel (anguilla anguilla), a catadromous species, breeds in the sea and migrates to estuarine, lagoon or freshwater habitats for growth and development. yellow eels, exposed to low or fluctuating salinities, are also exposed to multiple other stressors as pollution, over-fishing and parasitism, which contribute to the dramatic decrease of eel populations in several european countries. the objective of this study was to evaluate the single and combined effects of waterborne copper and ... | 2012 | 23340332 |
| the effect of foraging and ontogeny on the prevalence and intensity of the invasive parasite anguillicola crassus in the european eel anguilla anguilla. | infection patterns of the invasive anguillicola crassus nematode were investigated in a population of the european eel anguilla anguilla where parasite invasion is very recent, loch lomond, scotland. intensity levels of the parasite were associated with differences in fish ontogeny and trophic ecology. although eels foraged on both fish and invertebrates, individuals which were smaller and fed on invertebrates (>70% contribution to diet) were found to contain a greater number of swim bladder par ... | 2017 | 28084623 |
| anguillicola crassus impairs the silvering-related enhancements of the ros defense capacity in swimbladder tissue of the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | in a process called silvering, european eels prepare for their long-distance migration from european freshwater systems to the sargasso sea for reproduction. during this journey, eels perform extended diel vertical migrations, and the concomitant changes in hydrostatic pressure significantly affect the swimbladder, functioning as a buoyancy organ. as the swimbladder is primarily filled with oxygen, the tissue has to cope with extreme hyperoxic conditions, which typically are accompanied by the g ... | 2016 | 27146148 |
| the hsp70 response of anguillicola species to host-specific stressors. | the present study is based on infection experiments of two different swim bladder parasite species, anguillicola crassus kuwahara et al., 1974 and anguillicola novaezelandiae moravec and taraschewski, 1988, which were experimentally transferred to the two eel species anguilla anguilla linnaeus, 1758 and anguilla japonica temmink and schlegel, 1846, respectively. the host-parasite groups were selected due to their different grades of mutual adaptation. the main aim of this study was to analyze th ... | 2016 | 26920569 |
| population demographics of american eels anguilla rostrata in two arkansas, u.s.a., catchments that drain into the gulf of mexico. | the goal of this study was to compare american eel anguilla rostrata life history in two inland river systems in arkansas, u.s.a., that ultimately discharge into the gulf of mexico via the mississippi river and the red-atchafalaya catchments. from 21 june 2011 to 24 april 2014, 238 yellow-phase a. rostrata were captured in the middle ouachita river and tributaries using boat electrofishing and 39 in the lower white river using multiple sampling gears. most of them were caught downstream of dams ... | 2016 | 26817520 |
| first record of paratenic hosts of the swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus in north america. | anguillicola crassus is a non-native parasite of the american eel, anguilla rostrata. since being introduced into north america, the nematode has spread rapidly across the range of a. rostrata, but paratenic hosts, which may facilitate parasite dispersion, have yet to be identified in the region. we investigated infection of larval a. crassus in 261 fish specimens belonging to 23 species and 12 orders collected from estuarine habitats in south carolina (salinities 0-9 ppt) and nova scotia (10-18 ... | 2015 | 26125318 |
| size does matter-a closer look on anguillicola morphology. | the present study deals with morphological differences between two closely related parasitic nematode species (anguillicola crassus kuwahara et al., 1974 and anguillicola novaezelandiae moravec & taraschewski, 1988) in two different experimentally infected eel species (anguilla anguilla linnaeus, 1758 and anguilla japonica temminck & schlegel, 1847). furthermore, it considers the question whether size differences between those two species are ontogenetically determined or host species-dependent. ... | 2015 | 26096826 |
| comparative imaging of european eels (anguilla anguilla) for the evaluation of swimbladder nematode (anguillicoloides crassus) infestation. | this study compares diagnostic imaging tools in detecting the parasitic swimbladder nematode anguillicoloides crassus in anguilla anguilla (l.) and focuses on ultrasound in an attempt to develop a non-destructive, field diagnostic test. ultrasound use could allow the parasite to be diagnosed without decreasing the number of critically endangered european eels through post-mortem. in the preliminary study, eels were examined with computed radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imagi ... | 2016 | 25952716 |
| relationship between european eel anguilla anguilla infection with non-native parasites and swimming behaviour on encountering accelerating flow. | the effect of anguillicola crassus, pseudodactylogyrus bini and pseudodactylogyrus anguillae infection on the behaviour of downstream migrating adult european eels anguilla anguilla as they encountered accelerating water velocity, common at engineered structures where flow is constricted (e.g. weirs and bypass systems), was evaluated in an experimental flume. the probability of reacting to, and rejecting, the velocity gradient was positively related to a. crassus larval, adult and total abundanc ... | 2015 | 25801939 |
| influence of adult anguillicoloides crassus load in european eels swimbladder on macrophage response. | anguillicoloides crassus has become one of the most important threats to the european eel (anguilla anguilla). adult parasites colonize the swimbladder leading to an impaired functioning of this organ. the infection is also responsible for an increased in the stress level of infected eels, that could produce an altered immune response as well. differences in parasite loads and effects in the european and japanese eel (anguilla japonica) have been described. we have studied the influence of the n ... | 2015 | 25463301 |
| effects of anguillicola novaezelandiae on the levels of cortisol and hsp70 in the european eel. | the nematodes anguillicola novaezelandiae and anguillicola crassus are both alien parasites of the european eel with severe adverse effects on their new host. both species differ in terms of their invasiveness and their severity of harmful effects on the european eel. the purpose of this study was to determine under laboratory conditions whether stages of a. novaezelandiae induce stress in european eels (anguilla anguilla) and if these levels differ from stress levels induced by a. crassus. we a ... | 2014 | 25096532 |
| comparison of infection success, development and swim bladder pathogenicity of two congeneric anguillicola species in experimentally infected anguilla anguilla and a. japonica. | two closely related parasites, anguillicola crassus and anguillicola novaezelandiae, originally parasitizing swim bladders of the japanese eel (anguilla japonica and the short-finned eel (anguilla australis), respectively, were used for analyzing the infection success of each parasite species on either long-known, recently acquired or new definitive host species and the associated effects on the eels' swim bladders. on that account, european eels (anguilla anguilla) and japanese eels were experi ... | 2014 | 25070578 |
| introduced american eels anguilla rostrata in european waters: life-history traits in a non-native environment. | this study investigated growth, condition and development of american eels anguilla rostrata that were introduced into a european river to estimate their competitive potential in a non-native habitat. results demonstrate that a. rostrata develops normally in european waters and successfully competes with the native european eel anguilla anguilla. in addition, a. rostrata appears to be more susceptible to the asian swimbladder nematode anguillicola crassus than a. anguilla and could support the f ... | 2014 | 24787669 |
| distribution, prevalence and intensity of anguillicola crassus (nematoda) infection in anguilla anguilla in the republic of ireland. | this study is the first comprehensive documentation of the geographical range of anguillicola crassus in its host, the european eel anguilla anguilla, in the republic of ireland. the prevalence and intensity of infections across 234 sites and 93 river basins in ireland comprising rivers, lakes and transitional waters (estuaries) were analysed. while only 32% of the river basins were affected by this nematode, they correspond to 74% of the total wetted area. significant differences in infection l ... | 2014 | 24627948 |
| the aetiology, histopathology, and ultrastructural features of perianal erythema (red anus syndrome) in the european eel (anguilla anguilla). | the european eel (anguilla anguilla) is a critically endangered species. red anus syndrome (ras) is known to be associated with parasitic infections of the eel, particularly with anguillicola crassus, but the full range of causative pathogenic organisms has not been systematically investigated. here we examined the infective organisms and histopathological and ultrastructural features of seventy eels with ras. in total, nine different pathogens were detected in association with ras: pseudomonas ... | 2014 | 24608418 |
| invasive swimbladder parasite anguillicoloides crassus: infection status 15 years after discovery in wild populations of american eel anguilla rostrata. | a year-round survey of american eels anguilla rostrata was performed at 5 localities in south carolina (sc), usa, 15 yr after the first infection by the nematode anguillicoloides crassus was reported from winyah bay, sc. infections by adult stages of a. crassus in the swimbladder lumen occurred with a prevalence of 45% (n = 479), a mean intensity (± se) of 2.3 ± 0.2 worms per infected eel (range = 1-22), and a mean abundance of 2.0 ± 0.1 among all eels. infections by larval stages of a. crassus ... | 2014 | 24429471 |
| introduced parasite anguillicola crassus infection significantly impedes swim bladder function in the european eel anguilla anguilla (l.). | | 2014 | 24422641 |
| temporal and spatial changes in the composition and structure of helminth component communities in european eels anguilla anguilla in an adriatic coastal lagoon and some freshwaters in italy. | the composition and diversity of the helminth component communities in eels anguilla anguilla were determined in three separate localities in italy: an adriatic coastal lagoon, comacchio and two freshwater localities, the river po and the lake piediluco. data from comacchio lagoon were analysed over 15 years to determine whether community composition and diversity changed significantly overtime. the community was species rich (nine species, all marine except proteocephalus macrocephalus) and was ... | 2014 | 24135871 |
| influence of introduced vs. native parasites on the body condition of migrant silver eels. | because parasitism is among the reasons invoked to explain the collapse of anguilla anguilla, we evaluated the parasitic constraint on body condition (bc) of migrant silver eels as a proxy of fitness with inter-site comparisons. metazoan parasites were studied in 149 silver eels from five sites (northern europe). in total, 89% were infected by 13 species including myxozoa, monogenea, cestoda, nematoda, and acanthocephala. anguillicoloides crassus was most common (56%), then acanthocephalus clavu ... | 2013 | 24135272 |
| influence of site, season, silvering stage, and length on the parasites of the european eel anguilla anguilla in two mediterranean coastal lagoons of the island of corsica, france using indicator species method. | the parasites of 425 european eels, anguilla anguilla, were studied between 2009 and 2012 in two mediterranean coastal lagoons of the island of corsica, france. an indicator value (indval) method was used for analysis, which combines measures of fidelity and specificity. because of its resilience to detect changes in abundance, indval is an effective ecological bioindicator. the indval method demonstrated that site, season, silvering stage, and length could influence the occurrence of parasite s ... | 2013 | 23739809 |
| evolutionary divergence of the swim bladder nematode anguillicola crassus after colonization of a novel host, anguilla anguilla. | anguillicola crassus, a swim bladder nematode naturally parasitizing the japanese eel, was introduced about 30 years ago from east asia into europe where it colonized almost all populations of the european eel. we conducted a common garden experiment under a reciprocal transfer design infecting both european and japanese eels with populations of a. crassus from germany, poland and taiwan. we tested, whether differences in infectivity, developmental dynamics and reproductive output between the eu ... | 2013 | 23566258 |
| is the continental life of the european eel anguilla anguilla affected by the parasitic invader anguillicoloides crassus? | quantifying the fitness cost that parasites impose on wild hosts is a challenging task, because the epidemiological history of field-sampled hosts is often unknown. in this study, we used an internal marker of the parasite pressure on individual hosts to evaluate the costs of parasitism with respect to host body condition, size increase and reproductive potential of field-collected animals for which we also determined individual age. in our investigated system, the european eel anguilla anguilla ... | 2013 | 23325776 |
| contamination, parasitism and condition of anguilla anguilla in three italian stocks. | in conjunction with habitat loss and overfishing, pollution and parasitism are believed to be relevant causes of collapse of anguilla, as these can affect eel swimming ability and the development of gonads and embryos. the present study investigated persistent organic pollutant (pop) concentrations, infection levels of anguillicoloides crassus, lipid content and gonad abnormalities in eels sampled in 2007-2008 in three italian water bodies (caprolace lake, lesina lagoon and tevere river) that va ... | 2013 | 23076840 |
| infection of european eel, anguilla anguilla (l.), with the nematode anguillicoloides crassus (kuwahara, niimi et itagaki, 1974) in polish waters. | the aim of this study was to determine the degree of anguillicoloides crassus infection in european eel inhabiting polish waters based on selected parasitic descriptors and on anatomical pathology of the swimbladder using macroscopic methods. in all, 154 european eel specimens were sampled from eleven sites in poland and a. crassus was present in the swimbladder of 114 fish. the intensity of a. crassus infection in all the eel specimens ranged from 1 to 62 parasites at a mean value of 7.5. high ... | 2012 | 22844702 |
| the phylogenetics of anguillicolidae (nematoda: anguillicoloidea), swimbladder parasites of eels. | anguillicolidae yamaguti, 1935 is a family of parasitic nematode infecting fresh-water eels of the genus anguilla, comprising five species in the genera anguillicola and anguillicoloides. anguillicoloides crassus is of particular importance, as it has recently spread from its endemic range in the eastern pacific to europe and north america, where it poses a significant threat to new, naïve hosts such as the economic important eel species anguilla anguilla and anguilla rostrata. the anguillicolid ... | 2012 | 22559142 |
| safety and efficacy of emamectin benzoate to treat anguillicoloides crassus (kuwahara, niimi & itagaki) infections in american eels, anguilla rostrata (lesueur). | | 2012 | 22486309 |