| multiple lines of evidence risk assessment of american robins exposed to polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) in the tittabawassee river floodplain, midland, michigan, usa. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) in tittabawassee river floodplain soils and biota downstream of midland, michigan, usa, are greater than regional background concentrations. from 2005 to 2008, a multiple lines of evidence approach was utilized to evaluate the potential for effects of pcdd/dfs on american robins (turdus migratorius) breeding in the floodplains. a dietary-based assessment indicated there was potential for adverse ... | 2013 | 23424046 |