| parasites and salinity: costly tradeoffs in a threatened species. | parasites and environmental conditions can have direct and indirect effects on individuals. we explore the relationship between salinity and parasites in an endemic new mexico state threatened fish, the white sands pupfish (cyprinodon tularosa). spatial variation in salinity limits the distribution of the endemic springsnail (juturnia tularosae) within salt creek, a small desert stream. the springsnail is the presumed intermediate host for trematodes that infect the white sands pupfish, and trem ... | 2006 | 16133195 |