| crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for west nile virus in the northeastern united states, 1999. | in addition to human encephalitis and meningitis cases, the west nile (wn) virus outbreak in the summer and fall of 1999 in new york state resulted in bird deaths in new york, new jersey, and connecticut. from august to december 1999, 295 dead birds were laboratory-confirmed with wn virus infection; 262 (89%) were american crows (corvus brachyrhynchos). the new york state department of health received reports of 17,339 dead birds, including 5,697 (33%) crows; in connecticut 1,040 dead crows were ... | 2001 | 11585521 |
| west nile encephalitis: an emerging disease in the united states. | in 1999, an epidemic of west nile virus (wnv) encephalitis occurred in new york city (nyc) and 2 surrounding new york counties. simultaneously, an epizootic among american crows and other bird species occurred in 4 states. indigenous transmission of wnv had never been documented in the western hemisphere until this epidemic. in 2000, the epizootic expanded to 12 states and the district of columbia, and the epidemic continued in nyc, 5 new jersey counties, and 1 connecticut county. in addition to ... | 2001 | 11595987 |
| host feeding patterns of established and potential mosquito vectors of west nile virus in the eastern united states. | an important variable in determining the vectorial capacity of mosquito species for arthropod-borne infections is the degree of contact of the vector and the vertebrate reservoir. this parameter can be estimated by examining the host-feeding habits of vectors. serological and polymerase chain reaction based methods have been used to study the host-feedings patterns of 21 mosquito species from new york, new jersey, and tennessee, 19 of which previously have been found infected with west nile viru ... | 2004 | 15018775 |
| declining mortality in american crow (corvus brachyrhynchos) following natural west nile virus infection. | the american crow (corvus brachyrhynchos) is known to suffer 100% mortality from infection with the new york 1999 strain of west nile virus (wnv). following the initial detection of wnv in north america in 1999, we measured prevalence of wnv-reactive antibodies ("seroprevalence") in free-ranging american and fish crows (corvus ossifragus) of central new jersey after each transmission season through 2005. in 2002, seroprevalence in american crow juveniles increased to 14% from the 5% of the previ ... | 2009 | 19848089 |