| climatic conditions for the last neanderthals: herpetofaunal record of gorham’s cave, gibraltar. | gorham’s cave is located in the british territory of gibraltar in the southernmost end of the iberian peninsula. recent excavations, which began in 1997, have exposed an 18 m archaeological sequence that covered the last evidence of neanderthal occupation and the first evidence of modern human occupation in the cave. by applying the mutual climatic range method on the amphibian and reptile assemblages, we propose here new quantitative data on the terrestrial climatic conditions throughout the la ... | 2013 | 23484636 |
| a rock engraving made by neanderthals in gibraltar. | the production of purposely made painted or engraved designs on cave walls--a means of recording and transmitting symbolic codes in a durable manner--is recognized as a major cognitive step in human evolution. considered exclusive to modern humans, this behavior has been used to argue in favor of significant cognitive differences between our direct ancestors and contemporary archaic hominins, including the neanderthals. here we present the first known example of an abstract pattern engraved by n ... | 2014 | 25197076 |
| variation in lithic technological strategies among the neanderthals of gibraltar. | the evidence for neanderthal lithic technology is reviewed and summarized for four caves on the rock of gibraltar: vanguard, beefsteak, ibex and gorham's. some of the observed patterns in technology are statistically tested including raw material selection, platform preparation, and the use of formal and expedient technological schemas. the main parameters of technological variation are examined through detailed analysis of the gibraltar cores and comparison with samples from the classic mouster ... | 2013 | 23762312 |
| neanderthal exploitation of marine mammals in gibraltar. | two coastal sites in gibraltar, vanguard and gorham's caves, located at governor's beach on the eastern side of the rock, are especially relevant to the study of neanderthals. vanguard cave provides evidence of marine food supply (mollusks, seal, dolphin, and fish). further evidence of marine mammal remains was also found in the occupation levels at gorham's cave associated with upper paleolithic and mousterian technologies [finlayson c, et al. (2006) nature 443:850-853]. the stratigraphic seque ... | 2008 | 18809913 |
| placing late neanderthals in a climatic context. | attempts to place palaeolithic finds within a precise climatic framework are complicated by both uncertainty over the radiocarbon calibration beyond about 21,500 14c years bp and the absence of a master calendar chronology for climate events from reference archives such as greenland ice cores or speleothems. here we present an alternative approach, in which 14c dates of interest are mapped directly onto the palaeoclimate record of the cariaco basin by means of its 14c series, circumventing calen ... | 2007 | 17851522 |
| late survival of neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of europe. | the late survival of archaic hominin populations and their long contemporaneity with modern humans is now clear for southeast asia. in europe the extinction of the neanderthals, firmly associated with mousterian technology, has received much attention, and evidence of their survival after 35 kyr bp has recently been put in doubt. here we present data, based on a high-resolution record of human occupation from gorham's cave, gibraltar, that establish the survival of a population of neanderthals t ... | 2006 | 16971951 |
| age at death of the neanderthal child from devil's tower, gibraltar and the implications for studies of general growth and development in neanderthals. | this study combines traditional methods of assessing dental developmental status based upon modern human standards with new techniques based upon histological observations in order to reassess the age at death of the gibraltar child from devil's tower. the results indicate that the most likely age of this individual at death was 3 years of age. this result is in agreement with an independent assessment of the age of the temporal bone of this specimen (tillier, am [1982] z. morphol. anthropol. 73 ... | 1986 | 3752228 |
| the teeth of the neanderthal child from gibralter: a re-evaluation. | | 1965 | 14326954 |
| the 'neanderthals' of the college of surgeons. | | 1979 | 386894 |
| [the neanderthal children from devil's tower (gibraltar)]. | | 1982 | 7148099 |
| gibraltar and the neanderthals 1848-1998. | | 1999 | 10068069 |
| palaeoanthropology: return of the last neanderthal. | | 2006 | 16971950 |
| paleoanthropology. mild climate, lack of moderns let last neandertals linger in gibraltar. | | 2006 | 16973851 |
| gibraltar data are too sparse to inform on neanderthal exploitation of coastal resources. | | 2008 | 19088185 |