| persistent differences between coastal and offshore kelp forest communities in a warming gulf of maine. | kelp forests provide important ecosystem services, yet coastal kelp communities are increasingly altered by anthropogenic impacts. kelp forests in remote, offshore locations may provide an informative contrast due to reduced impacts from local stressors. we tested the hypothesis that shallow kelp assemblages (12-15 m depth) and associated fish and benthic communities in the coastal southwest gulf of maine (gom) differed significantly from sites on cashes ledge, 145 km offshore by sampling five c ... | 2018 | 29298307 |