| litomosoides carinii: extraction of the microfilarial sheath components and antigenicity of the sheath fractions. | microfilarial sheaths of litomosoides carinii were isolated and extracted with 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) and 5% 2-mercaptoethanol (2me). extraction with sds alone did not alter the ultrastructure of the sheaths and yielded five polypeptides (27-67 kda) that were not recognized by antibodies of infected hosts but reacted with antibodies to host-serum proteins. 2me treatment caused partial solubilization of the sheaths (45% as determined by amino acid analysis), which could be further improv ... | 1992 | 1438136 |
| surface antigens of litomosoides carinii microfilariae: agglutinating antibodies react with sheath components of 40 and 120 kilo dalton molecular mass. | this study was conducted to identify surface antigens of the microfilarial sheath of litomosoides carinii which are accessible to antibodies. rabbit antisera were raised against the soluble and insoluble fractions of purified sheaths by extracting them with a buffer containing 2-mercaptoethanol and sodium dodecylsulphate. these sera and rabbit hyperimmune sera directed against homogenates of total microfilariae, mature (i.e. microfilariae liberating) female parasites and excretory-secretory prod ... | 1994 | 7520154 |
| litomosoides carinii: macrofilariae-derived glycolipids--chromatography, serology and potential in the evaluation of anthelminthic efficacy. | a preliminary characterization of the glycolipids of litomosoides carinii macrofilariae, resolved according to their chromatographic, chemical and serological properties, has been performed. emphasis has been placed on the neutral fraction glycolipids. these are separable on thinlayer chromatography into two groups of fast and slow migrating band components, that differ in their migration, differential chemical staining and serological traits, respectively. serological analyses have been accompl ... | 1994 | 7708429 |
| ivermectin-induced cell-dependent lethal effects on litomosoides carinii microfilariae in vitro. | ivermectin affected the motility of litomosoides carinii microfilariae in vitro in a dose dependent manner but did not completely immobilize the larvae and had no lethal effects when tested up to a concentration of 1000 ng/ml. however, killing of microfilariae was induced by ivermectin in vitro in the presence of spleen cells of mastomys coucha or rats within 14 h. optimum effects occurred at drug levels of 10-100 ng ivermectin/ml. addition of infection serum led to increased cytotoxicity when c ... | 1994 | 7716399 |
| antifilarial activity of macrocyclic lactones: comparative studies with ivermectin, doramectin, milbemycin a4 oxime, and moxidectin in litomosoides carinii, acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi, and b. pahangi infection of mastomys coucha. | the avermectins ivermectin and doramectin and the milbemycins milbemycin a4 oxime and moxidectin were tested for filaricidal activity in mastomys coucha infected with litomosoides carinii, acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi, and b. pahangi. single subcutaneous doses of 0.005-5 mg/kg (l. carinii), 0.0005-0.5 mg/kg (a. viteae), 0.5 and 5 mg/kg (b. malayi), and 5 mg/kg (b. pahangi) were injected. necropsies were performed 42 days after treatment. the avermectins caused a strong and rapid reduc ... | 1994 | 7939168 |
| experimental chemotherapy of filariasis: comparative evaluation of the efficacy of filaricidal compounds in mastomys coucha infected with litomosoides carinii, acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi and b. pahangi. | eleven types/classes of compound with antifilarial activity were comparatively evaluated in mastomys coucha infected with litomosoides carinii, acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi or b. pahangi. the paper deals with the efficacy of (i) predominantly microfilaricidal compounds [diethylcarbamazine, levamisole, avermectins (ivermectin, milbemycin), nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin, hydroxymethylnitrofurantoin, nifurtimox, furazolidone, furapyrimidone), organophosphorals (metrifonate, haloxon), and a ... | 1993 | 8094587 |
| induction and prevention of shock-like lethal side effects after microfilaricidal treatment in filariae infected rodents. | in contrast to human carriers of microfilariae, filariae infected rodents generally tolerate an effective microfilaricidal treatment without obvious signs of adverse reactions. the study shows, however, that also the filariae (litomosoides carinii, brugia malayi) infected rodent mastomys coucha can be rendered sensitive to side effects of the treatment by the administration of d-galactosamine (d-gal), due to reduction of liver utp levels. independent of the drug (diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin, ... | 1995 | 8826101 |
| antifilarial activity of a synthetic marine alkaloid, aplysinopsin (cdri compound 92/138). | cdri compound 92/138, a synthetic analogue of aplysinopsin, was evaluated in experimental filarial infections, litomosoides carinii in cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) and acanthocheilonema viteae in mastomys coucha. the compound killed 63.8 and 90% of adult l. carinii and a. viteae at doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg (i.p.) respectively given for 5 days. by the oral route, at 100 mg/kg for 5 days the compound caused 50.9 and 57% mortality of adult l. carinii and a. viteae, respectively. at 200 mg/kg adm ... | 1997 | 9236820 |
| antifilarial activity of some 2h-1-benzopyran-2-ones (coumarins). | six synthetic 2h-1-benzopyran-2-one (cournarin) derivatives (cdri compounds # 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) were evaluated for filaricidal activity against litomosoides carinii and acanthocheilonema viteae infections in cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) and mastomys coucha respectively. significant effects on macrofilariae (>80% death/sterilisation) were detected with compounds #2, 3 and 6 against l. carinii and/or a. viteae. thus detection of filaricidal activity in benzopyrones, which are so far known fo ... | 2000 | 10936568 |
| 7-o-[4-methyl piperazine-1-(2-acetyl)]-2h-1-benzopyran-2-one: a novel antifilarial lead compound. | in preliminary studies we found that benzopyrones (coumarins), which are known to exert many biological activities including anti-inflammatory effect, possess promising macrofilaricidal action as well. in order to explore the possibility of combining such a macrofilaricidal activity with the microfilaricidal potential of the known piperazine pharmacophore, we synthesized a series of compounds and evaluated their antifilarial effect. in the present study, one of these compounds, 7-o-[4-methyl pip ... | 2003 | 12826297 |
| lethal lps-independent side effects after microfilaricidal treatment in acanthocheilonema viteae-infected rodents. | mastomys coucha and jirds infected with acanthocheilonema viteae, a filarial species free of endosymbiontic bacteria of the genus wolbachia, suffer lethal side effects after effective microfilaricidal therapy with diethylcarbamazine and levamisole, whereas, m. coucha infected with the wolbachia-infested species brugia malayi or litomosoides carinii tolerate corresponding treatment. mortality in a. viteae infected, treated animals varied with microfilariae density in the blood. it was up to 100% ... | 2005 | 15997410 |