| differences in immune cell function between tuberculosis positive and negative asian elephants. | tuberculosis is an important health concern for asian elephant (elephas maximus) populations worldwide, however, mechanisms underlying susceptibility to mycobacterium tuberculosis are unknown. proliferative responses assessed via brominated uridine incorporation and cytokine expression measured by real-time rt-pcr were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) cultures from 8 tuberculosis negative and 8 positive asian elephants. cultures were stimulated with mycobacterium bovis purif ... | 2014 | 24836563 |
| highly accurate antibody assays for early and rapid detection of tuberculosis in african and asian elephants. | tuberculosis (tb) in elephants is a reemerging zoonotic disease caused primarily by mycobacterium tuberculosis. current methods for screening and diagnosis rely on trunk wash culture, which has serious limitations due to low test sensitivity, slow turnaround time, and variable sample quality. innovative and more efficient diagnostic tools are urgently needed. we describe three novel serologic techniques, the elephanttb stat-pak kit, multiantigen print immunoassay, and dual-path platform vettb te ... | 2009 | 19261770 |
| tuberculosis in elephants: antibody responses to defined antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis, potential for early diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment. | tuberculosis (tb) in elephants is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused primarily by mycobacterium tuberculosis. current diagnosis relies on trunk wash culture, the only officially recognized test, which has serious limitations. innovative and efficient diagnostic methods are urgently needed. rapid identification of infected animals is a crucial prerequisite for more effective control of tb, as early diagnosis allows timely initiation of chemotherapy. serology has diagnostic potential, although ... | 2006 | 16829608 |
| evaluation of a multiple-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in captive elephants. | mycobacterium tuberculosis has become an important agent of disease in the captive elephant population of the united states, although current detection methods appear to be inadequate for effective disease management. this investigation sought to validate a multiple-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for screening of m. tuberculosis infection in captive elephants and to document the elephant's serologic response over time using a cross-sectional observational study design. serum s ... | 2000 | 11237135 |