| a recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against porcine deltacoronavirus. | recently, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has been proven to be associated with enteric disease in piglets. diagnostic tools for serological surveys of pdcov remain in the developmental stage when compared with those for other porcine coronaviruses. in our study, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) (rpdcov-n-elisa) was developed to detect antibodies against pdcov using a histidine-tagged recombinant nucleocapsid (n) protein as an antigen. the rpdcov-n-elisa did not cross-react ... | 2016 | 26668175 |
| identification and subcellular localization of porcine deltacoronavirus accessory protein ns6. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus. accessory proteins are genus-specific for coronavirus, and two putative accessory proteins, ns6 and ns7, are predicted to be encoded by pdcov; however, this remains to be confirmed experimentally. here, we identified the leader-body junction sites of ns6 subgenomic rna (sgrna) and found that the actual transcription regulatory sequence (trs) utilized by ns6 is non-canonical and is located upstream of the predicted trs. us ... | 2016 | 27661736 |
| calves are susceptible to infection with the newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus, but not with the swine enteric alphacoronavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | fecal virus shedding, seroconversion and histopathology were evaluated in 3-7-year-old gnotobiotic calves orally inoculated with porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) (9.0-9.6 log10 genomic equivalents [ge] of oh-fd22-p5; n=4) or porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) (10.2-12.5 log10 ge of pc21a; n=3). in pdcov-inoculated calves, an acute but persisting fecal viral rna shedding and pdcov-specific serum igg antibody responses were observed, but without lesions or clinical disease. however, no fecal s ... | 2017 | 28374120 |
| the detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus from guangdong province in southern china. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly discovered coronavirus that causes diarrhoea, vomiting and dehydration in sucking and nursing piglets. it was first reported in hong kong in 2012 and has since been discovered in the united states, canada, south korea, mainland china, thailand and laos. pdcov has been experimentally proved to lead to diarrhoea in swine and it was detected positive in pigs in guangdong, southern china. in our study, 252 faecal and intestinal samples from sucking piglets ... | 2017 | 28345292 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus nsp5 antagonizes type i interferon signaling by cleaving stat2. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus. the first outbreak of pdcov was announced from the united states in 2014, followed by reports in asia. the nonstructural protein nsp5 is a 3c-like protease of coronavirus and our previous study showed that pdcov nsp5 inhibits type i interferon (ifn) production. in this study, we found that pdcov nsp5 significantly inhibited ifn-stimulated response element (isre) promoter activity and transcription of ifn-stimulat ... | 2017 | 28250121 |
| reactivity of anti-pedv structural protein antibodies to porcine enteric coronaviruses: diagnostic implications. | the development of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) antibody-based assays is important for detecting infected animals, confirming previous virus exposure, and monitoring sow herd immunity. however, the potential cross-reactivity among porcine coronaviruses is a major concern for the development of pathogen-specific assays. in this study, we used serum samples (n = 792) from pigs of precisely known infection status and a multiplex fluorescent microbead-based immunoassay and/or enzyme-linked ... | 2017 | 28202790 |
| nursery pig growth performance and tissue accretion modulation due to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus or porcine deltacoronavirus challenge. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are both members of the family which induce clinical signs of diarrhea, dehydration, and in some circumstances, mortality. most research has been focused on isolation, genome sequencing, pathogenicity, and virulence of these viruses, but there is little information on long-term growth performance and tissue accretion of pigs inoculated with pedv or pdcov. therefore, our objective was to determine the effect of pedv or pd ... | 2017 | 28177368 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus nsp5 inhibits interferon-β production through the cleavage of nemo. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) causes acute enteric disease and mortality in seronegative neonatal piglets. previously we have demonstrated that pdcov infection suppresses the production of interferon-beta (ifn-β), while the detailed mechanisms are poorly understood. here, we demonstrate that nonstructural protein 5 (nsp5) of pdcov, the 3c-like protease, significantly inhibits sendai virus (sev)-induced ifn-β production by targeting the nf-κb essential modulator (nemo), confirmed by the dimini ... | 2017 | 27984784 |
| occurrence and sequence analysis of porcine deltacoronaviruses in southern china. | following the initial isolation of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) from pigs with diarrheal disease in the united states in 2014, the virus has been detected on swine farms in some provinces of china. to date, little is known about the molecular epidemiology of pdcov in southern china where major swine production is operated. | 2016 | 27496131 |
| the first detection and full-length genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus isolated in lao pdr. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has been reported in many countries, including hong kong, the united states, south korea, china and thailand. in january 2016, clinical diarrhea similar to that of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) with a lower mortality rate was reported on a swine farm in lao pdr. intestine samples were collected from 3-day-old pigs with clinical diarrhea and assayed for the presence of swine enteric coronaviruses. the pcr results were positive for pdcov but negative for p ... | 2016 | 27424024 |
| development of one-step real-time reverse transcriptase-pcr-based assays for the rapid and simultaneous detection of four viruses causing porcine diarrhea. | porcine diarrhea caused by viruses is a major problem of the pig farming industry and can result in substantial losses of revenue. thus, diagnosing the infectious agents is important to prevent and control diseases in pigs. we developed novel one-step real-time quantitative rt-pcr (qpcr) assays that can detect four porcine diarrheal viruses simultaneously: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and porcine group a rot ... | 2016 | 27348884 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus: overview of infection dynamics, diagnostic methods, prevalence and genetic evolution. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first reported in hong kong, china in 2012 and reported in united states swine in february 2014. pdcov has subsequently been detected in south korea, mainland china, and thailand. pdcov has been experimentally confirmed to cause diarrhea in inoculated pigs and need to be differentially diagnosed from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus in the field. rapid diagnosis is critical for the implementation of efficient control str ... | 2016 | 27270129 |
| immune evasion of porcine enteric coronaviruses and viral modulation of antiviral innate signaling. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are emerged and reemerging viruses in pigs, and together with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), pose significant economic concerns to the swine industry. these viruses infect epithelial cells of the small intestine and cause watery diarrhea, dehydration, and a high mortality in neonatal piglets. type i interferons (ifn-α/β) are major antiviral cytokines forming host innate immunity, and in turn, these enteric c ... | 2016 | 27212682 |
| reverse transcription-pcr assays for the differentiation of various us porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains. | concurrently, several porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) variants are circulating in us swine farms, including the original us and the spike insertion-deletion (s-indel) strains. in this study, reverse transcription (rt)-pcr assays for the detection and differentiation of different us pedv variants were developed based on the differences in the s1 domain of the spike (s) gene. this assay successfully differentiated three pedv strains: pc22a (the original us virulent), iowa106 (s-indel), and ... | 2016 | 27134071 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus infection: etiology, cell culture for virus isolation and propagation, molecular epidemiology and pathogenesis. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) (family coronaviridae, genus deltacoronavirus) is a novel swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea/vomiting, dehydration and mortality in seronegative neonatal piglets. pdcov diarrhea was first reported in the us in early 2014, concurrently with co-circulation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) (family coronaviridae, genus alphacoronavirus). the origin of pdcov in pigs and also its sudden emergence or route of introduction into the us ... | 2016 | 27086031 |
| evaluation of two singleplex reverse transcription-insulated isothermal pcr tests and a duplex real-time rt-pcr test for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus. | recent outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) in multiple countries have caused significant economic losses and remain a serious challenge to the swine industry. rapid diagnosis is critical for the implementation of efficient control strategies before and during pedv and pdcov outbreaks. insulated isothermal pcr (iipcr) on the portable pockit™ device is user friendly for on-site pathogen detection. in the present study, a singleplex pedv rt-iipcr ... | 2016 | 27060624 |
| two-way antigenic cross-reactivity between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcv) cause indistinguishable clinical signs and pathological changes in swine. here we investigated the antigenic relationship between pedv and pdcv. we provide the first evidence that conserved epitope(s) on the respective viral nucleocapsid proteins cross-react with each other although virus neutralization cross-reactivity was not observed. as a practical matter, prevention of these two very similar diseases of swine will re ... | 2016 | 27016762 |
| retrospective testing and case series study of porcine delta coronavirus in u.s. swine herds. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first reported in the united states (us) in february 2014. this was the second novel swine enteric coronavirus detected in the us since may 2013. in this study, we conducted retrospective testing of samples submitted to three veterinary diagnostic laboratories where qualifying biological samples were derived from previously submitted diagnostic case submissions from us commercial swine farms with a clinical history of enteric disease or from cases that had be ... | 2016 | 26603048 |
| newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus associated with diarrhoea in swine in china: identification, prevalence and full-length genome sequence analysis. | to identify and characterize aetiologic agent(s) associated with an outbreak of a severe diarrhoea in piglets in jiangxi, china, in march 2015, a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was developed. a survey based on the nested rt-pcr established indicated that the monoinfection of pdcov (33.71%) and coinfection of pdcov (19.66%) with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) were common in diarrhoeal pigs in jiangxi, ... | 2015 | 26250097 |
| development and application of an elisa for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus igg antibodies. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), also known as porcine coronavirus hku15, was first detected in north america in early 2014 and associated with enteric disease in pigs, resulting in an urgent need to further investigate the ecology of this virus. while assays detecting nucleic acids were implemented quickly, assays to detect anti-pdcov antibodies have not been available. in this study, an indirect anti-pdcov igg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the putative s1 portion of the s ... | 2015 | 25881086 |
| origin, evolution, and virulence of porcine deltacoronaviruses in the united states. | a novel porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcv) was first discovered in ohio and indiana in february 2014, rapidly spread to other states in the united states and canada, and caused significant economic loss in the swine industry. the origin and virulence of this novel porcine coronavirus are not known. here, we characterized u.s. pdcv isolates and determined their virulence in gnotobiotic and conventional piglets. genome analyses revealed that u.s. pdcv isolates possess unique genetic characteristics a ... | 2015 | 25759498 |
| full-length genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus strain usa/ia/2014/8734. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was detected in feces from diarrheic sows during an epidemic of acute and transmissible diarrhea. no transmissible gastroenteritis virus or porcine epidemic diarrhea virus was detected. the pdcov usa/ia/2014/8734 from the herd was sequenced for full-length genomic rna to further characterize pdcov in u.s. swine. | 2014 | 24723718 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) infection suppresses rig-i-mediated interferon-β production. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), an emerging animal coronavirus causing enteric disease in pigs, belongs to the newly identified deltacoronavirus genus in the coronaviridae family. although extensive studies have been carried out to investigate the regulation of interferon (ifn) responses by alphacoronaviruses, betacoronaviruses, and gammacoronaviruses, little is known about this process during deltacoronavirus infection. in this study, we found that pdcov infection fails to induce, and even re ... | 2016 | 27152478 |
| development and application of a recombinant m protein-based indirect elisa for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus igg antibodies. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a recently identified coronavirus in the genus deltacoronavirus that can cause enteric disease including diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and mortality in neonatal piglets. serological assays to detect anti-pdcov antibodies are presently limited to certain laboratories and geographic regions. in this study, a recombinant m protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pdcov-rm elisa) was developed and utilized to determine the prevalence of anti-pdc ... | 2017 | 28860101 |
| [research advances in the porcine deltacoronavirus]. | the deltacoronavirus is a new member of the subfamily coronaviridae of the family coronaviridae. deltacoronaviruses can infect birds and mammals. deltacoronaviruses were detected in early 2007 in asian leopard cats and chinese ferret badgers. in 2014, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) infection spread rapidly in the usa. moreover, cell culture-adapted pdcov has been obtained from infected piglets. animal experiments have confirmed that the isolated pdcov is highly pathogenic and causes severe dia ... | 2016 | 27396171 |
| discovery of a novel swine enteric alphacoronavirus (seacov) in southern china. | outbreaks of diarrhea in newborn piglets without detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), have been recorded in a pig farm in southern china since february 2017. isolation and propagation of the pathogen in cell culture resulted in discovery of a novel swine enteric alphacoronavirus (tentatively named seacov) related to the bat coronavirus hku2 identified in the same region a decade ago. specific fluores ... | 2017 | 29102111 |
| a simple and rapid identification method for newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus with loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly emerged enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes diarrhea and mortality in neonatal piglets. pdcov has spread to many countries around the world, leading to significant economic losses in the pork industry. therefore, a rapid and sensitive method for detection of pdcov in clinical samples is urgently needed. | 2017 | 28934984 |
| development of monoclonal antibodies and serological assays including indirect elisa and fluorescent microsphere immunoassays for diagnosis of porcine deltacoronavirus. | a novel porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), also known as porcine coronavirus hku15, was reported in china in 2012 and identified in the u.s. in early 2014. since then, pdcov has been identified in a number of u.s. states and linked with clinical disease including acute diarrhea and vomiting in the absence of other identifiable pathogens. since pdcov was just recently linked with clinical disease, few specific antibody-based reagents were available to assist in diagnosis of pdcov and limited serol ... | 2016 | 27277214 |
| detection and genetic characterization of deltacoronavirus in pigs, ohio, usa, 2014. | in ohio, united states, in early 2014, a deltacoronavirus was detected in feces and intestine samples from pigs with diarrheal disease. the complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the virus confirmed that the virus is closely related to a porcine deltacoronavirus (porcine coronavirus hku15) reported in hong kong in 2012. | 2014 | 24964136 |
| swine enteric coronavirus disease: a review of 4 years with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus in the united states and canada. | swine enteric coronaviruses, including porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), have emerged and spread throughout the north american swine industry over the last four years. these diseases cause significant losses within the pork industry and within the first year after pedv introduction, approximately 10% of the us herd died due to the disease. similar to other enteric coronaviruses, such as transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), these emerging swine e ... | 2018 | 29392870 |
| complete genome sequences of two porcine deltacoronavirus strains, chn-gd16-03 and chn-gd16-05, isolated in southern china, 2016. | we report here the amplification and sequence analysis of two complete genomes of newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) strains, isolated from diarrhea samples from piglets in guangdong province in southern china. these genomes provide further sequence data for evaluating the relationships among pdcovs from different countries. | 2018 | 29371364 |
| isolation and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus from pigs with diarrhoea in hebei province, china. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a recently identified coronavirus in the genus deltacoronavirus that can cause enteric disease with clinical signs including diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration and mortality in neonatal piglets. although evidence of the prevalence of pdcov in china is accumulating, little published information about chinese pdcov isolates is available. in this study, we investigated the presence of pdcov in 49 faecal/intestinal samples from piglets with diarrhoea on different fa ... | 2018 | 29363288 |
| detection and genetic characterization of porcine deltacoronavirus in tibetan pigs surrounding the qinghai-tibet plateau of china. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a recently discovered rna virus that belongs to the family coronaviridae and genus deltacoronavirus. this virus causes enteric disease in piglets that is characterized by enteritis and diarrhoea. in our present investigation, 189 diarrhoeic samples were collected between july 2016 and may 2017 from tibetan pigs inhabiting in three different provinces surrounding the qinghai-tibet plateau of china. we then applied the molecular-based method of reverse transcrip ... | 2018 | 29363281 |
| glycan shield and fusion activation of a deltacoronavirus spike glycoprotein fine-tuned for enteric infections. | coronaviruses recently emerged as major human pathogens causing outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome and middle-east respiratory syndrome. they utilize the spike (s) glycoprotein anchored in the viral envelope to mediate host attachment and fusion of the viral and cellular membranes to initiate infection. the s protein is a major determinant of the zoonotic potential of coronaviruses and is also the main target of the host humoral immune response. we report here the 3.5 å resolution cr ... | 2017 | 29093093 |
| a novel strain of porcine deltacoronavirus in vietnam. | two porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) strains (binh21 and hanoi6) were isolated from two pig farms in north vietnam. phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes and the spike and membrane genes revealed that the two vietnam pdcovs belong to the same lineage as pdcovs from thailand and laos; however, the n genes belonged to the same lineage as pdcovs from the usa, korea, china, and hong kong. the recombination detection program subsequently identified the major parent (s5011 strain) and minor pa ... | 2018 | 29022111 |
| detection and phylogenetic analyses of spike genes in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains circulating in china in 2016-2017. | large-scale outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) have re-emerged in china in recent years. however, little is known about the genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of field strains of ped virus (pedv) in china in 2016-2017. to address this issue, in this study, 116 diarrhea samples were collected from pig farms in 6 chinese provinces in 2016-2017 and were detected using pcr for main porcine enteric pathogens, including pedv, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), porcine transmissible ... | 2017 | 29017599 |
| complete genome characterization of novel chinese porcine deltacoronavirus strain sd. | a porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was isolated and identified from feces of diarrheic piglets in shandong province of the chinese mainland, and the complete genome of the chinese pdcov strain, sd, was sequenced and analyzed to further characterize pdcov circulating in china. | 2017 | 28982988 |
| correction for zhang et al., "complete genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus strain ch/jxjgs01/2016, isolated in jiangxi province, china, 2016". | | 2017 | 28963225 |
| [development and application of real-time rt-pcr and s1 protein-based indirect elisa for porcine deltacoronavirus]. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has been recently recognized as an emerging viral pathogen that causes diarrhea in newborn piglets. a total of 254 small intestinal or fecal samples collected from 10 provinces including henan, hunan, zhejiang, jiangxi, anhui, hebei, heilongjiang, jiangsu, shandong and shanghai between 2014 and 2015, were screened by quantitative rt-pcr targeting the viral m gene. eleven pdcov positive samples were identified with a total positive rate of 4.33%. an indirect enzym ... | 2017 | 28853254 |
| complete genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus strain ch/jxjgs01/2016, isolated in jiangxi province, china, 2016. | the complete genome sequence of a variant of porcine deltacoronavirus, isolated from a diarrheal piglet and designated ch/jxjgs01/2016, was sequenced and analyzed. phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that ch/jxjgs01/2016 shares the highest nucleotide and amino acid identities with the chinese strain nh (genbank accession number ku981059). | 2017 | 28839024 |
| complete genome characterization of the porcine deltacoronavirus hkd/jpn/2016, isolated in japan, 2016. | in 2016, an outbreak of diarrhea with high mortality in piglets occurred on a swine farm in hokkaido prefecture, japan. the causative porcine deltacoronavirus hdk/jpn/2016 was isolated from intestinal samples of the dead piglets on llc-pk1 cells. the complete genome of hkd/jpn/2016 was sequenced and analyzed by next-generation sequencing technology. | 2017 | 28839018 |
| prevalence, complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus in south korea, 2014-2016. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly emerged enterotropic swine coronavirus that causes enteritis and diarrhoea in piglets. here, a nested reverse transcription (rt)-pcr approach for the detection of pdcov was developed to identify and characterize aetiologic agent(s) associated with diarrhoeal diseases in piglets in south korea. a pcr-based method was applied to investigate the presence of pdcov in 683 diarrhoeic samples collected from 449 commercial pig farms in south korea from january ... | 2017 | 28758347 |
| complete genome sequences of porcine deltacoronavirus strains dh1/2016 and dh2/2016 isolated in south korea. | two porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) strains, named dh1/2016 and dh2/2016, were isolated from feces of piglets which had severe watery diarrhea symptoms. a comparison of the complete genome sequences suggested that the dh1/2016 and dh2/2016 strains are highly homologous to each other and to pdcovs isolated in early 2014 from the united states. | 2017 | 28473399 |
| complete genome characterization of chinese porcine deltacoronavirus strain chn/tianjin/2016. | as we all know, porcine deltacoronavirus was first detected in hong kong, china. here, we report the complete genome sequence of the chinese porcine deltacoronavirus strain chn/tianjin/2016, which was collected and amplified from clinical fecal samples in march of 2016. | 2017 | 28428311 |
| retrospective investigation and evolutionary analysis of a novel porcine deltacoronavirus strain detected in thailand from 2008 to 2015. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) in thailand was first detected in 2015. we performed a retrospective investigation of the presence of pdcov in intestinal samples collected from piglets with diarrhea in thailand from 2008 to 2015 using rt-pcr. pdcov was found to be present as early as february 2013. phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all pdcov variants from thailand differ from those from other countries and belong to a novel group of pdcov that is separate from the us and chinese pdcov var ... | 2017 | 28337545 |
| the genetic diversity and complete genome analysis of two novel porcine deltacoronavirus isolates in thailand in 2015. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was identified in intestinal samples collected from piglets with diarrhea in thailand in 2015. two thai pdcov isolates, p23_15_tt_1115 and p24_15_nt1_1215, were isolated and identified. the full-length genome sequences of the p23_15_tt_1115 and p24_15_nt1_1215 isolates were 25,404 and 25,407 nucleotides in length, respectively, which were relatively shorter than that of us and china pdcov. the phylogenetic analysis based on the full-length genome demonstrated tha ... | 2017 | 28005234 |
| discovery of a novel accessory protein ns7a encoded by porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus. bioinformatics predicts that pdcov encodes two accessory proteins (ns6 and ns7), the species-specific proteins for coronavirus. in this study, four mabs against the predicted ns7 were prepared by using the purified recombinant ns7 protein. indirect immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that all mabs recognized cells transfected with an ns7 expression construct or infected with pdcov. western blot showed that ns7-specific ... | 2017 | 27995863 |
| isolation, genomic characterization, and pathogenicity of a chinese porcine deltacoronavirus strain chn-hn-2014. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine coronavirus that causes diarrhea in piglets. since the first outbreak of pdcov in the united states in 2014, this novel porcine coronavirus has been detected in south korea, canada, mexico, thailand, and china. in this study, a chinese pdcov strain, designated chn-hn-2014, was isolated from piglets with severe diarrhea on a pig farm in henan province, china, and examined with a specific immunofluorescence assay and electron microscopy. genomi ... | 2016 | 27939164 |
| different lineage of porcine deltacoronavirus in thailand, vietnam and lao pdr in 2015. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was detected by rt-pcr in 12 of 97 (12.4%) intestinal samples collected during 2015 from piglets with diarrhoea in thailand, vietnam and lao pdr. spike, membrane and nucleocapsid genes were characterized, and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that pdcov isolates from thai and lao pdr form a novel cluster, separated from us and china isolates, but relatively were more closely related to china pdcov than us isolates. vietnam pdcovs, however, were grouped together ... | 2017 | 27718337 |
| experimental infection of gnotobiotic pigs with the cell-culture-adapted porcine deltacoronavirus strain oh-fd22. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a novel enteropathogenic coronavirus in pigs. we have isolated and passaged the pdcov strain oh-fd22 in an llc porcine kidney (llc-pk) cell line. our study investigated the pathogenicity of the tissue-culture-grown pdcov (tc-pdcov) oh-fd22 at cell passages 5, 20 and 40 in llc-pk cells, in eight 14-day-old gnotobiotic (gn) pigs. pigs (n = 3) were euthanized for pathologic examination at post-inoculation day (pid) 3, and the remainder were monitored for clinical ... | 2016 | 27619798 |
| experimental infection of conventional nursing pigs and their dams with porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly identified virus that has been detected in swine herds of north america associated with enteric disease. the aim of this study was to demonstrate the pathogenicity, course of infection, virus kinetics, and aerosol transmission of pdcov using 87 conventional piglets and their 9 dams, including aerosol and contact controls to emulate field conditions. piglets 2-4 days of age and their dams were administered an oronasal pdcov inoculum with a quantitative ... | 2016 | 27578872 |
| complete genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus isolated in thailand in 2015. | in thailand, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first identified in november 2015. the virus was isolated from piglets experiencing diarrhea outbreak. herein, the full-length genome sequence of the thai pdcov isolate p23_15_tt_1115 is reported. the results provide a clearer understanding of the molecular characteristics of pdcov in thailand. | 2016 | 27231358 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus, thailand, 2015. | | 2016 | 26982324 |
| detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus in korean swine farms, 2015. | this study applied molecular-based method to investigate the presence of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) in 59 commercial pig farms in south korea. the results of rt-pcr screening on a relatively large collection of faeces samples (n = 681) from january 2013 to march 2015 did not reveal the presence of pdcov until the end of 2014. however, on march 2015, pdcov-positive samples (sl2, sl5) were detected from sl swine farm in gyeongbuk province. the phylogenetic trees based on the complete spike- ... | 2016 | 26968326 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus induces apoptosis in swine testicular and llc porcine kidney cell lines in vitro but not in infected intestinal enterocytes in vivo. | we compared the mechanisms of porcine delatacoronavirus (pdcov) induced death of infected enterocytes in vivo and infected llc porcine kidney (llc-pk) and swine testicular (st) cells in vitro. we conducted histologic analysis and immunofluorescence (if) staining for the detection of pdcov antigens, and tunel assay in singly or serially cut tissue sections from the small and large intestines of four, 11- to 14-day-old gnotobiotic pigs, inoculated orally with 8.8-11.0log10 genomic equivalents (ge) ... | 2016 | 26711029 |
| characterization and evolution of porcine deltacoronavirus in the united states. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was identified in multiple states across the united states (us) in 2014. in this study, we investigate the presence of pdcov in diagnostic samples, which were further categorized by case identification (id), and the association between occurrence, age, specimen and location between march and september 2014. approximately, 7% of the case ids submitted from the us were positive for pdcov. specimens were categorized into eight groups, and the univariate analysis ind ... | 2016 | 26611652 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus in mainland china. | | 2015 | 26584185 |
| full-length genome characterization of chinese porcine deltacoronavirus strain ch/sxd1/2015. | a porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was identified in the chinese mainland and found to be closely related to hong kong strain hku15-155 but differed from pdcov strains in the united states and south korea. the complete genome of pdcov strain ch/sxd1/201 was sequenced and analyzed to further characterize pdcov in chinese swine. | 2015 | 26514769 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus: histological lesions and genetic characterization. | first identified in 2012 in a surveillance study in hong kong, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a proposed member of the genus deltacoronavirus of the family coronaviridae. in february of 2014, pdcov was detected in pigs with clinical diarrheal symptoms for the first time in the usa. since then, it has been detected in more than 20 states in the usa and in other countries, including canada, south korea, and mainland china. so far, histological lesions in the intestines of pigs naturally infec ... | 2016 | 26475155 |
| complete genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus strain ch/sichuan/s27/2012 from mainland china. | we report the first complete genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) strain ch/sichuan/s27/2012 identified in feces of diarrheic piglets from mainland china in 2012. this strain has two unique in-frame deletions within the orf1a gene and is phylogenetically between the prototype pdcov (hku15) and the 2014 u.s. strains. | 2015 | 26337879 |
| pcr-based retrospective evaluation of diagnostic samples for emergence of porcine deltacoronavirus in us swine. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first identified in hong kong in a regional surveillance study for coronaviruses in 2012 and was detected for the first time in united states (us) swine in february 2014. however, it remains unknown if pdcov had been introduced into the us prior to that time period. in the present study, 1734 clinical samples (903 cases) submitted to the iowa state university veterinary diagnostic laboratory (isu vdl) for enteric disease diagnosis between october 2012 and dec ... | 2015 | 26119039 |
| functional characterization and proteomic analysis of the nucleocapsid protein of porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly discovered enterotropic swine coronavirus that causes enteritis and diarrhea in piglets. like other coronaviruses, pdcov commonly contains 4 major structural proteins: spike (s), envelope (e), membrane (m), and nucleocapsid (n) proteins. among these, the n protein is known to be the most abundant and multifunctional viral component. therefore, as the first step toward understanding the biology of pdcov, the present study investigated functional charact ... | 2015 | 26103099 |
| pathogenicity and pathogenesis of a united states porcine deltacoronavirus cell culture isolate in 5-day-old neonatal piglets. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first identified in hong kong in 2009-2010 and reported in united states swine for the first time in february 2014. however, diagnostic tools other than polymerase chain reaction for pdcov detection were lacking and koch's postulates had not been fulfilled to confirm the pathogenic potential of pdcov. in the present study, pdcov peptide-specific rabbit antisera were developed and used in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays to assist pdcov diagn ... | 2015 | 25817405 |
| pathogenicity of 2 porcine deltacoronavirus strains in gnotobiotic pigs. | to verify whether porcine deltacoronavirus infection induces disease, we inoculated gnotobiotic pigs with 2 virus strains (oh-fd22 and oh-fd100) identified by 2 specific reverse transcription pcrs. at 21-120 h postinoculation, pigs exhibited severe diarrhea, vomiting, fecal shedding of virus, and severe atrophic enteritis. these findings confirm that these 2 strains are enteropathogenic in pigs. | 2015 | 25811229 |
| isolation and characterization of porcine deltacoronavirus from pigs with diarrhea in the united states. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a novel coronavirus that causes diarrhea in nursing piglets. following its first detection in the united states in february 2014, additional pdcov strains have been identified in the united states and canada. currently, no treatments or vaccines for pdcov are available. in this study, u.s. pdcov strain oh-fd22 from intestinal contents of a diarrheic pig from ohio was isolated in swine testicular (st) and llc porcine kidney (llc-pk) cell cultures by using vario ... | 2015 | 25740769 |
| complete genome characterization of korean porcine deltacoronavirus strain kor/knu14-04/2014. | in april 2014, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first identified in feces from diarrheic piglets in south korea and found to be closely related to other pdcov strains. the complete genome of the korean pdcov strain, kor/knu14-04/2014, was sequenced and analyzed to characterize pdcov circulating in south korea. | 2014 | 25428966 |
| rapid detection, complete genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus. | in february 2014, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was identified in the united states. we developed a pdcov real-time reverse transcription pcr that identified pdcov in 30% of samples tested. four additional pdcov genomes from the united states were sequenced; these had ≈99%-100% nt similarity to the other us pdcov strains. | 2014 | 25075556 |
| complete genome sequence of strain sdcv/usa/illinois121/2014, a porcine deltacoronavirus from the united states. | to investigate the causative agent of swine diarrhea, next-generation sequencing (ngs) was performed on a porcine fecal sample. the ngs reads were assembled, which generated a complete swine deltacoronavirus genome sequence, that of strain sdcv/usa/illinois121/2014. | 2014 | 24723704 |
| herd-level prevalence and incidence of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) in swine herds in ontario, canada. | porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) were first identified in canada in 2014. surveillance efforts have been instrumental in controlling both diseases. in this study, we provide an overview of surveillance components for the two diseases in ontario (canada), as well as pedv and pdcov incidence and prevalence measures. swine herds located in the province of ontario, of any type, whose owners agreed to participate in a voluntary industry-led disease control ... | 2018 | 29607611 |
| a highly pathogenic strain of porcine deltacoronavirus caused watery diarrhea in newborn piglets. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly identified virus that causes watery diarrhea in newborn piglets and results in significant economic losses to the pig industry. since first reported in hong kong in 2012, pdcov has been subsequently detected in usa, south korea, thailand, and mainland china. here we isolated a strain of pdcov, named chn-gd-2016, from the intestinal content of a diseased newborn piglet with severe diarrhea in a pig farm in guangdong, china. pdcov chn-gd-2016 could be id ... | 2018 | 29569144 |
| development of a one-step rt-pcr assay for detection of pancoronaviruses (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-coronaviruses) using newly designed degenerate primers for porcine and avian `fecal samples. | coronaviruses (covs) are critical human and animal pathogens because of their potential to cause severe epidemics of respiratory or enteric diseases. in pigs, the newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) and re-emerged porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) reported in the us and asia, as well as the discovery of novel covs in wild bats or birds, has necessitated development of improved detection and control measures for these covs. because the previous pancoronavirus (pancov) rt-pcr estab ... | 2018 | 29499225 |
| cryo-em structure of porcine delta coronavirus spike protein in the pre-fusion state. | coronavirus spike proteins from different genera are divergent, although they all mediate coronavirus entry into cells by binding to host receptors and fusing viral and cell membranes. here we determined the cryo-em structure of porcine delta coronavirus (pdcov) spike protein at 3.3-angstrom resolution. the trimeric protein contains three receptor-binding s1 subunits that tightly pack into a crown-like structure and three membrane-fusion s2 subunits that form a stalk. each s1 subunit contains tw ... | 2017 | 29070693 |
| cd163 and papn double-knockout pigs are resistant to prrsv and tgev and exhibit decreased susceptibility to pdcov while maintaining normal production performance. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) are two highly infectious and lethal viruses causing major economic losses to pig production. here, we report generation of double-gene-knockout (dko) pigs harboring edited knockout alleles for known receptor proteins cd163 and papn and show that dko pigs are completely resistant to genotype 2 prrsv and tgev. we found no differences in meat-production or reproductive-performance traits betw ... | 2020 | 32876563 |
| cross-species transmission of deltacoronavirus and the origin of porcine deltacoronavirus. | deltacoronavirus is the last identified coronaviridae subfamily genus. differing from other coronavirus (cov) genera, which mainly infect birds or mammals, deltacoronaviruses (δ-covs) reportedly infect both animal types. recent studies show that a novel δ-cov, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), can also infect calves and chickens with the potential to infect humans, raising the possibility of cross-species transmission of δ-covs. here, we explored the deep phylogenetic history and cross-species t ... | 2020 | 32837537 |
| genomic epidemiology, evolution, and transmission dynamics of porcine deltacoronavirus. | the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has shown once again that coronavirus (cov) in animals are potential sources for epidemics in humans. porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging enteropathogen of swine with a worldwide distribution. here, we implemented and described an approach to analyze the epidemiology of pdcov following its emergence in the pig population. we performed an integrated analysis of full genome sequence data from 21 newly sequenc ... | 2020 | 32407507 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus infection and transmission in poultry, united states1. | coronaviruses cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in diverse host species. deltacoronaviruses (dcovs) have been identified in various songbird species and in leopard cats in china. in 2009, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was detected in fecal samples from pigs in asia, but its etiologic role was not identified until 2014, when it caused major diarrhea outbreaks in swine in the united states. studies have shown that pdcov uses a conserved region of the aminopeptidase n protein to in ... | 2020 | 31961296 |
| broad spectrum antiviral remdesivir inhibits human endemic and zoonotic deltacoronaviruses with a highly divergent rna dependent rna polymerase. | the genetically diverse orthocoronavirinae (cov) family is prone to cross species transmission and disease emergence in both humans and livestock. viruses similar to known epidemic strains circulating in wild and domestic animals further increase the probability of emergence in the future. currently, there are no approved therapeutics for any human cov presenting a clear unmet medical need. remdesivir (rdv, gs-5734) is a monophosphoramidate prodrug of an adenosine analog with potent activity aga ... | 2019 | 31233808 |
| broad receptor engagement of an emerging global coronavirus may potentiate its diverse cross-species transmissibility. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), identified in 2012, is a common enteropathogen of swine with worldwide distribution. the source and evolutionary history of this virus is, however, unknown. pdcov belongs to the deltacoronavirus genus that comprises predominantly avian cov. phylogenetic analysis suggests that pdcov originated relatively recently from a host-switching event between birds and mammals. insight into receptor engagement by pdcov may shed light into such an exceptional phenomenon. her ... | 2018 | 29760102 |
| identification of a novel linear b-cell epitope on the nucleocapsid protein of porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), first identified in 2012, is a swine enteropathogen now found in many countries. the nucleocapsid (n) protein, a core component of pdcov, is essential for virus replication and is a significant candidate in the development of diagnostics for pdcov. in this study, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated and tested for reactivity with three truncations of the full protein (n1, n2, n3) that contained partial overlaps; of the five monoclonals chosen tested, each ... | 2020 | 31963776 |
| prevalence and genomic characteristics of a novel reassortment mammalian orthoreovirus type 2 in diarrhea piglets in sichuan, china. | mammalian orthoreovirus (mrv), which can infect almost all mammals, is a zoonotic virus. in this study, six strains of type 2 mrv (mrv2) were isolated from 7 diarrhea piglets from a farm that had an outbreak of diarrhea in piglets in 2018, which tested negative for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and porcine group a rotavirus (rav). the mrv2 isolate infected neonatal piglets, in which it induced severe ... | 2020 | 32544614 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus nucleocapsid protein species-specifically suppressed irf7-induced type i interferon production via ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation pathway. | coronaviruses (covs) is showing obvious interspecies transmission, such as the sars-cov, mers-cov and sars-cov-2. here, the emerging porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) strain, isolated from shanghai, china, broadly infects porcine, human and chicken cells in vitro. previously studies by our group and others have confirmed that pdcov nucleocapsid (n) protein performs an important role in antagonizing retinoic acid-induced gene i-like receptor (rlr) activation. however, the mechanism of pdcov n prot ... | 2020 | 32992291 |
| aminopeptidase n expression, not interferon responses, determines the intestinal segmental tropism of porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an economically important enteropathogen of swine with worldwide distribution. pdcov primarily infects the small intestine instead of the large intestine in vivo however, the underlying mechanism of pdcov tropism to different intestinal segments remains poorly understood as a result of the lack of a suitable in vitro intestinal model that recapitulates the cellular diversity and complex functions of the gastrointestinal tract. here, we established the pdcov in ... | 2020 | 32376622 |
| susceptibility of chickens to porcine deltacoronavirus infection. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a novel swine enteropathogenic coronavirus with worldwide distribution. pdcov belongs to the deltacoronavirus (dcov) genus, which mainly includes avian coronaviruses (covs). pdcov has the potential to infect human and chicken cells in vitro, and also has limited infectivity in calves. however, the origin of pdcov in pigs, the host range, and cross-species infection of pdcov still remain unclear. to determine whether pdcov really has the ability to infect chick ... | 2019 | 31234434 |
| tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteome analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov)-infected llc porcine kidney cells. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly emerging porcine pathogenic enteric coronavirus that can cause diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and a high mortality rate in piglets. at present, the understanding of pdcov pathogenesis is very limited, which seriously hinders effective prevention and control. in this study, liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) combined with tandem mass tag (tmt) labeling was performed to compare the differential expression of proteins in pdcov-inf ... | 2020 | 32923756 |
| isolation and tissue culture adaptation of porcine deltacoronavirus: a case study. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has emerged as a novel, contagious swine enteric coronavirus that causes watery diarrhea and/or vomiting and intestinal villous atrophy in nursing piglets. pdcov-related diarrhea first occurred in the usa in 2014 and was subsequently reported in south korea, china, thailand, vietnam, and lao people's democratic republic, leading to massive economic losses and posing a threat to the swine industry worldwide. currently, no treatments or vaccines for pdcov are avail ... | 2020 | 32833205 |
| utility evaluation of porcine enteroids as pdcov infection model in vitro. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a novel emerging enteric coronavirus found in pigs. intestinal enteroids, which partially recreate the structure and function of intestinal villi-crypts, have many physiological similarities to the intestinal tissues in vivo. enteroids exhibit advantages in studying the interactions between intestines and enteric pathogens. to create a novel infection model for pdcov, we developed an in vitro system to generate porcine intestinal enteroids from crypts of duode ... | 2020 | 32390999 |
| assessment of hemagglutination activity of porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus that causes diarrhea in piglets. however, the biological characteristics of pdcov are unclear. in this study, the hemagglutination (ha) abilities of two pdcov strains (ch-01 and hnzk-04) were investigated. our results showed that pdcov has the ability to agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes after virion pretreatment with trypsin or neuraminidase. additionally, the ha assay results showed a significant positive correlation with ... | 2020 | 31940691 |
| functional characterization and proteomic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus accessory protein ns7. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus that causes diarrhea in neonatal piglets. like other coronaviruses, pdcov encodes at least three accessory or species-specific proteins; however, the biological roles of these proteins in pdcov replication remain undetermined. as a first step toward understanding the biology of the pdcov accessory proteins, we established a stable porcine cell line constitutively expressing the pdcov ns7 protein in order to investigate the ... | 2019 | 31546302 |
| susceptibility of porcine ipi-2i intestinal epithelial cells to infection with swine enteric coronaviruses. | swine enteric coronavirus (cov) is an important group of pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets. at least four kinds of swine enteric covs have been identified, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and the emerging hku2-like porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (peav). the small intestines, particularly the jejunum and ileum, are the most common targets of these four covs in vivo, and co-infections by these cov ... | 2019 | 31176408 |
| a taqman-probe-based multiplex real-time rt-qpcr for simultaneous detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses. | swine enteric coronaviruses are a group of most significant pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets with similar clinical symptoms and pathological changes. to develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput detection method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis on swine enteric coronaviruses, specific primers and probes were designed based on the highly conserved regions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) n, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) m, porcine deltacoronavirus ( ... | 2019 | 31025076 |
| prevalence, phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus in henan province, china. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a novel porcine enteric coronavirus that causes diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration in piglets. this newly virus has spread rapidly and has caused serious economic losses for pig industry since the outbreak in usa in 2014. in this study, 430 faecal and intestinal samples (143 faecal samples and 287 intestinal samples) were collected from individual pigs with diarrhea and 211 serum samples were also collected from the sows with mild diarrhea in 17 regions in hen ... | 2019 | 30935509 |
| significant inhibition of re-emerged and emerging swine enteric coronavirus in vitro using the multiple shrna expression vector. | swine enteric coronaviruses (secovs), including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (sads-cov), and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) have emerged and been prevalent in pig populations in china for the last several years. however, current traditional inactivated and attenuated pedv vaccines are of limited efficacy against circulating pedv variants, and there are no commercial vaccines for prevention of pdcov and sads-cov. rna interference (rnai) is a ... | 2019 | 30905822 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus induces caspase-dependent apoptosis through activation of the cytochrome c-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), a newly discovered enteric coronavirus, is a causative agent of severe clinical diarrhea and intestinal pathological damage in piglets. as a first step toward understanding the effect of pdcov on host cells, we elucidated mechanisms underlying the process of apoptotic cell death after pdcov infection. the use of a pan-caspase inhibitor resulted in the inhibition of pdcov-induced apoptosis and reduction of pdcov replication, suggestive of the association of a cas ... | 2018 | 29940190 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus deficient in rna cap guanine-n-7 methylation is attenuated and induces higher type i and iii interferon responses. | the 5' cap methylation of viral rna plays important roles in rna stability, efficient translation, and immune evasion. thus, rna cap methylation is an attractive target for antiviral discovery and development of new live attenuated vaccines. for coronaviruses, rna cap structure is first methylated at the guanine-n-7 (g-n-7) position by nonstructural protein 14 (nsp14), which facilitates and precedes the subsequent ribose 2'-o methylation by the nsp16-nsp10 complex. using porcine epidemic diarrhe ... | 2020 | 32461321 |
| retrospective detection and phylogenetic analysis of swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus in pigs in southern china. | swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (sads-cov), a novel coronavirus, was first discovered in southern china in january 2017 and caused a large scale outbreak of fatal diarrheal disease in piglets. here, we conducted a retrospective investigation of 236 samples from 45 swine farms with a clinical history of diarrheal disease to evaluate the emergence and the distribution of sads-cov in pigs in china. our results suggest that sads-cov has emerged in china at least since august 2016. meanwhi ... | 2019 | 30171801 |
| quantitative proteomic analysis of porcine intestinal epithelial cells infected with porcine deltacoronavirus using itraq-coupled lc-ms/ms. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emergent enteropathogenic coronavirus associated with swine diarrhea. porcine small intestinal epithelial cells (ipec) are the primary target cells of pdcov infection in vivo. here, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (itraq) labeling coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) was used to quantitatively identify differentially expressed proteins (deps) in pdcov-infected ipec-j2 cells. a total of 78 deps, includin ... | 2020 | 33045833 |
| a strain of porcine deltacoronavirus: genomic characterization, pathogenicity and its full-length cdna infectious clone. | as a novel enteropathogenic coronavirus, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) warrants further investigation. in this study, a chinese pdcov strain, designated chn-hn-1601, was isolated from the faeces of a diarrhoeic piglet. after plaque purification, the genome was determined which shared 97.5%-99.5% nucleotide identities with 71 representative pdcov strains available in the genbank. the pathogenic properties of chn-hn-1601 were evaluated using 5-day-old piglets. all inoculated piglets developed s ... | 2020 | 33012120 |
| rhodanine derivative lj001 inhibits tgev and pdcov replication in vitro. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are members of the family coronaviridae and mainly cause acute diarrhea/vomiting, dehydration and mortality in piglets, which lead to huge economic losses to the swine industry. rhodanine derivative lj001 has been verified to be effective against some enveloped virus infections in vitro. in this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of lj001 towards tgev and pdcov replication on swine testicular(st) cells. our r ... | 2020 | 32956749 |
| subcellular localization of the porcine deltacoronavirus nucleocapsid protein. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has been recently identified as an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus that mainly infects newborn piglets and causes enteritis, diarrhea and high mortality. although coronavirus n proteins have multifarious activities, the subcellular localization of the pdcov n protein is still unknown. here, we produced mouse monoclonal antibodies against the pdcov n protein. experiments using anti-haemagglutinin antibodies and these monoclonal antibodies revealed that the p ... | 2020 | 32944812 |
| prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus in sichuan province, china. | in order to understand the prevalence and genetic diversity of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) in diarrhoeal pigs in sichuan province, 634 clinical samples were collected from individual pigs with diarrhoea in 13 regions of sichuan province, china, from january 2017 and june 2019. the detection results showed that the infection rate of pdcov was relatively low in diarrhoeal pigs, 13.25% (84/634), but the infection rate of pedv (porcine epidemic diarrhea virus) was high, 32.18% (204/634). coinfe ... | 2020 | 32892248 |