| the resurgence of shamonda virus, an african simbu group virus of the genus orthobunyavirus, in japan. | six virus isolations were made from culicoides biting midges and blood samples of sentinel cattle in kagoshima and miyazaki prefectures, the southern part of japan, in 2002. serological and genetical tests identified these viruses as isolates of shamonda virus (shav), which belongs to the simbu group of the genus orthobunyavirus of the family bunyaviridae. initially, shav was isolated from cattle and culicoides biting midges in nigeria in the 1960s, and its presence has not been reported until t ... | 2005 | 15503217 |
| schmallenberg disease in sheep or goats: past, present and future. | schmallenberg disease has emerged in north-western europe in 2011 and has since spread widely, even across the european borders. it has the potency to infect many, mainly ruminant, species, but seems to lack zoonotic potential. horizontal transmission occurs through various culicoides biting midges and subsequent trans-placental transmission causes teratogenic effects. in some small ruminants, clinical signs, including fever, decreased milk production and diarrhea occur during the viraemic phase ... | 2015 | 26441013 |