| mapping determinants in cucumber mosaic virus for transmission by aphis gossypii. | determinants have been mapped in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) which influence transmission by the aphid aphis gossypii. chimeric rna 3s were constructed which contain sequences from the efficiently aphid-transmitted strain fny-cmv and the very poorly aphid-transmissible m-cmv. analyses of chimeric viruses revealed that two regions in the coat protein were critical for transmission by aphids. the coat proteins of fny- and m-cmv were previously shown to differ at eight amino aci ... | 1994 | 7975263 |
| amino acid changes in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus differentially affect transmission by the aphids myzus persicae and aphis gossypii. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) transmission by two aphid species was investigated using strains of the virus with modified coat proteins. chimeric viral rna 3 cdna constructs were designed with coat protein-encoding sequences from the efficiently aphid-transmitted fny-cmv and the very poorly aphid-transmitted m-cmv. different regions of the viral coat protein variably influenced transmission; the magnitude of effects depended on the aphid species used as vector. five amino acid changes in the coat ... | 1998 | 9501042 |
| cucumber mosaic virus mutants with altered physical properties and defective in aphid vector transmission. | two mutant strains of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) were investigated with respect to virion stability and molecular determinants of aphid vector transmission. the mutant 2a1-mt-60x, derived from the mechanically passaged wild type 2a1-at, is poorly transmissible by the aphid aphis gossypii and not transmissible by the aphid myzus persicae, whereas the wild type virus is transmissible by both aphid species. the mutant phenotype was shown to be conferred by a single encoded amino acid change of ala ... | 2000 | 11040130 |
| virion stability and aphid vector transmissibility of cucumber mosaic virus mutants. | the physical stability of virions of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) mutants was investigated to determine if relative stability correlated with efficiency of aphid transmission. virion stability was evaluated by a urea disruption assay and by testing the infectivity of virus following purifications. all viruses were infectious when purified using a low salt buffer without organic solvent, whereas two of seven viruses were less stable and inactivated following purification with a high salt buffer an ... | 2005 | 15661170 |
| analysis of genetic bottlenecks during horizontal transmission of cucumber mosaic virus. | genetic bottlenecks may occur in virus populations when only a few individuals are transferred horizontally from one host to another, or when a viral population moves systemically from the infection site. genetic bottlenecks during the systemic movement of an rna plant virus population were reported previously (h. li and m. j. roossinck, j. virol. 78:10582-10587, 2004). in this study we mechanically inoculated an artificial population consisting of 12 restriction enzyme marker mutants of cucumbe ... | 2006 | 16912285 |
| estimation of the effective number of founders that initiate an infection after aphid transmission of a multipartite plant virus. | the fecundity of rna viruses can be very high. thus, it is often assumed that viruses have large populations, and rna virus evolution has been mostly explained using purely deterministic models. however, population bottlenecks during the virus life cycle could result in effective population numbers being much smaller than reported censuses, and random genetic drift could be important in virus evolution. a step at which population bottlenecks may be severe is host-to-host transmission. we report ... | 2008 | 18842732 |
| transmission efficiency of cucumber mosaic virus by aphids associated with virus epidemics in snap bean. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is a major component of the virus complex that has become more pronounced in snap bean in the midwestern and northeastern united states since 2001. multiple-vector-transfer tests were done to estimate the cmv transmission efficiencies (p) of the main aphid species identified in commercial snap bean fields in new york and pennsylvania. the four most efficient vectors (p > 0.05) were aphis gossypii, a. glycines, acyrthosiphon pisum, and therioaphis trifolii, which were ... | 2008 | 18943413 |
| transmissibility of cucumber mosaic virus by aphis gossypii correlates with viral accumulation and is affected by the presence of its satellite rna. | abstract satellite rnas (satrnas) are associated with cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) in tomato, most often causing severe epidemics of necrotic plants, and not associated with specific host symptoms. laboratory studies on virus transmission by the aphid vector aphis gossypii were performed to better understand the dynamics of field populations of cmv. the presence of satrnas correlated with lower concentrations of virus in infected plants and with a decrease in the efficiency of transmission from s ... | 2000 | 18944468 |
| modeling temporal trends in aphid vector dispersal and cucumber mosaic virus epidemics in snap bean. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) has become a major limiting factor in snap bean production in the great lakes region of north america, and epidemics have occurred more frequently since the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura, was introduced. major aphid vectors of cmv epidemics were identified by statistically relating their temporal dispersal trends to the incidence of cmv. alates were monitored weekly using water pan traps in 74 snap bean fields in new york and pennsylvania from 2002 to 2006. ... | 2009 | 19825288 |
| deceptive chemical signals induced by a plant virus attract insect vectors to inferior hosts. | previous studies have shown that vector-borne pathogens can alter the phenotypes of their hosts and vectors in ways that influence the frequency and nature of interactions between them, with significant implications for the transmission and spread of disease. for insect-borne pathogens, host odors are particularly likely targets for manipulation, because both plant- and animal-feeding insects use volatile compounds derived from their hosts as key foraging cues. here, we document the effects of a ... | 2010 | 20133719 |
| a genetically novel, narrow-host-range isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) from rosemary. | an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), designated cmv-rom, was isolated from rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis) plants in several locations near avignon, france. laboratory studies showed that, unlike typical cmv isolates, cmv-rom has a particularly narrow host range. it could be transmitted by aphids aphis gossypii and myzus persicae, but with low efficacy compared to a typical cmv isolate. phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the cmv-rom genomic rnas shows that this isolate ... | 2016 | 27138549 |
| biological and molecular characterization of a korean isolate of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus infecting cucumis species in korea. | surveys of yellowing viruses in plastic tunnels and in open field crops of melon (cucumis melo cultivar catalupo), oriental melon (c. melo cultivar oriental melon), and cucumber (c. sativus) were carried out in two melon-growing areas in 2014, korea. severe yellowing symptoms on older leaves of melon and chlorotic spots on younger leaves of melon were observed in the plastic tunnels. the symptoms were widespread and included initial chlorotic lesions followed by yellowing of whole leaves and thi ... | 2015 | 26673519 |
| differential life history trait associations of aphids with nonpersistent viruses in cucurbits. | the diversity of vectors and fleeting nature of virus acquisition and transmission renders nonpersistent viruses a challenge to manage. we assessed the importance of noncolonizing versus colonizing vectors with a 2-yr survey of aphids and nonpersistent viruses on commercial pumpkin farms. we quantified aphid alightment using pan traps, while testing leaf samples with multiplex rt-pcr targeting cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), watermelon mosaic virus (wmv), and pa ... | 2015 | 26313961 |
| control of insect vectors and plant viruses in protected crops by novel pyrethroid-treated nets. | long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (llitns) constitute a novel alternative that combines physical and chemical tactics to prevent insect access and the spread of insect-transmitted plant viruses in protected enclosures. this approach is based on a slow-release insecticide-treated net with large hole sizes that allow improved ventilation of greenhouses. the efficacy of a wide range of llitns was tested under laboratory conditions against myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and bemisia tabaci. two n ... | 2015 | 25404196 |
| the effect of chrysoperla carnea (neuroptera: chrysopidae) and adalia bipunctata (coleoptera: coccinellidae) on the spread of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) by aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae). | the effects of two aphidophagous predators, the larvae of chrysoperla carnea and adults of adalia bipunctata, on the spread of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) transmitted in a non-persistent manner by the cotton aphid aphis gossypii were studied under semi-field conditions. natural enemies and aphids were released inside insect-proof cages (1 m × 1 m × 1 m) with a central cmv-infected cucumber plant surrounded by 48 healthy cucumber seedlings, and the spatiotemporal dynamics of the virus and vector ... | 2015 | 25208589 |
| a non-persistently transmitted-virus induces a pull-push strategy in its aphid vector to optimize transmission and spread. | plant viruses are known to modify the behaviour of their insect vectors, both directly and indirectly, generally adapting to each type of virus-vector relationship in a way that enhances transmission efficiency. here, we report results of three different studies showing how a virus transmitted in a non-persistent (np) manner (cucumber mosaic virus; cmv, cucumovirus) can induce changes in its host plant, cucumber (cucumis sativus cv. marumba) that modifies the behaviour of its aphid vector (aphis ... | 2014 | 24373951 |
| spatio-temporal dynamics of viruses are differentially affected by parasitoids depending on the mode of transmission. | relationships between agents in multitrophic systems are complex and very specific. insect-transmitted plant viruses are completely dependent on the behaviour and distribution patterns of their vectors. the presence of natural enemies may directly affect aphid behaviour and spread of plant viruses, as the escape response of aphids might cause a potential risk for virus dispersal. the spatio-temporal dynamics of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (cabyv), transmitt ... | 2012 | 23202516 |
| impact of vat resistance in melon on viral epidemics and genetic structure of virus populations. | cultivar choice is at the heart of cropping systems and resistant cultivars should be at the heart of disease management strategies whenever available. they are the easiest, most efficient and environmentally friendly way of combating viral diseases at the farm level. among the melon genetic resources, vat is a unique gene conferring resistance to both the melon aphid aphis gossypii and the viruses it carries. the 'virus side' of this pleiotropic phenotype is seldom regarded as an asset for viru ... | 2017 | 28587865 |