| diseases of wapiti utilizing cattle range in southwestern alberta. | specimens from 28 wapiti (cervus elaphus canadensis) were collected by hunters in southwestern alberta in 1984. various tests were performed to detect infections and conditions that could affect cattle sharing the range or cause disease in wapiti. serum antibodies were present against leptospiral serovars autumnalis (25%), bratislava (4%), and icterohaemorrhagiae (8%), and the viruses of bovine virus diarrhea (52%), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (45%), and parainfluenza type 3 (13%). no sero ... | 1987 | 3029443 |
| bovine virus diarrhea and mucosal disease in free-ranging and captive deer (cervidae) in germany. | from 1990 until 1992, 355 blood samples of roe deer (capreolus capreolus) (n = 123), red deer (cervus elaphus) (n = 60), fallow deer (dama dama) (n = 87) and other cervid species (n = 85) from three different habitats (n = 180) and 11 wildlife parks or zoos (n = 175) in germany were tested for prevalence of pestivirus antibodies. seventeen samples were seropositive for bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv); only one animal had antibodies for border disease virus. microneutralization test titers ran ... | 1995 | 8583646 |
| viremia and virus shedding in elk infected with type 1 and virulent type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus. | in order to determine whether elk (cervus elaphus) could be infected with and shed bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and to determine whether bvdv could cause disease in elk, two groups of five yearling elk each and two control cattle were experimentally inoculated intranasally with type 1 singer strain or a virulent type 2 isolate of bvdv, strain 24515. virulence of the type 2 isolate was confirmed by inoculation of a control bovine cow which developed diarrhea, dehydration, severe thrombocyto ... | 1999 | 10574525 |
| bovine virus diarrhea virus in free-living deer from denmark. | free-living deer are suggested as a possible source of infection of cattle with bovine virus diarrhea (bvd) virus. to examine this hypothesis blood samples from 476 free-living deer were collected during two different periods and tested for bvd virus and antibody in denmark. in 1995-96, 207 animals were tested. these included 149 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), 29 fallow deer (dama dama), 20 red deer (cervus elaphus) and one sika deer (cervus sika). for the remaining eight animals no species inf ... | 2000 | 10941751 |
| antibodies to ruminant alpha-herpesviruses and pestiviruses in norwegian cervids. | a serologic survey revealed that norwegian populations of free-ranging reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), red deer (cervus elaphus), and moose (alces alces) have been exposed to alpha-herpesviruses and pestiviruses. a total of 3,796 serum samples collected during the period 1993-2000 were tested in a neutralization test for antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) or cervid herpesvirus 2 (cerhv-2), and 3,897 samples were tested by a neutralization test ... | 2003 | 14733272 |
| attenuation of a virulent type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the purpose of this study was to produce an attenuated bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 2 strain as a tool for identifying potential virulence markers in the bvdv2 genome. the attenuation of the virulent strain, bvdv2-24515, was accomplished by in vivo and in vitro passage. the strain was initially used to infect an elk (cervus elaphus) [j. wildl. dis. 35 (1999) 671], re-isolated at 7 days post-inoculation from serum, and then subsequently passaged 56 times in cell culture. two groups of ... | 2004 | 15145494 |
| pestivirus exposure in free-living and captive deer in austria. | during the hunting season of 2001-02, blood and spleen samples from 59 red deer (cervus elaphus), 77 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), four fallow deer (dama dama), and five chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) were collected from nine hunting districts (n = 133) and one deer farm (n = 12) in southern austria. sera were tested for antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and virus neutralization tests against three bvdvs and one border diseas ... | 2004 | 15650102 |
| herpesvirus infection in woodland caribou in alberta, canada. | sera and genital swabs collected from 121 adult woodland caribou (rangifer tarandus caribou) in five subpopulations in northern alberta, canada, between december 1997 and october 1999, were examined for evidence of infection with herpesviruses or pestiviruses. no virus was isolated from sera or swabs, and no antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus were detected. however, 63 (52%) of the 121 animals had neutralizing antibody titers against bovine herpesvirus 1. there was sufficient serum f ... | 2005 | 16456173 |
| serological survey for potential disease agents of free-ranging cervids in six selected national parks from germany. | a total of 164 blood samples, collected from free-ranging red deer (cervus elaphus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (dama dama) in six german national parks (np) between 2000 and 2002, were assayed for antibodies against nine viral disease agents. antibodies were only detected against the alpha-herpesviruses; specifically, bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) (22 of 157, 14%), cervid herpesvirus-1 (17 of 157, 10.8%), and caprine herpesvirus-1 (11 of 159, 6.9%). titers ranged from 4 to 10 ... | 2006 | 17255452 |
| febrile response and decrease in circulating lymphocytes following acute infection of white-tailed deer fawns with either a bvdv1 or a bvdv2 strain. | although commonly associated with infection in cattle, bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) also replicate in many domestic and wildlife species, including cervids. bovine viral diarrhea viruses have been isolated from a number of cervids, including mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), european roe deer (capreolus capreolus), red deer (cervus elaphus), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and mouse deer (tragulus javanicus), but little information is available regarding clinical presentation ... | 2007 | 17984260 |
| surveys for disease agents in introduced elk in arkansas and kentucky. | surveys for disease agents were conducted in introduced free-ranging elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni) in arkansas and kentucky. elk had been captured in colorado and nebraska and released in arkansas during 1981-1985. from 1997 through 2002 elk were captured in arizona, kansas, north dakota, new mexico, oregon, and utah and released in southeastern kentucky. specimens were collected from 170 hunter-killed elk in arkansas during 1998-2006, and 44 elk in kentucky during 2001-2004. significant findings ... | 2010 | 20090032 |
| monitoring for bovine viral diarrhea virus in austrian red deer (cervus elaphus elaphus) by using ear-notch samples. | during 2007-09, ear-notch samples from free-living (n=527) and farmed (n=237) austrian red deer (cervus elaphus elaphus) were tested for bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (bvdv-1) and type 2 (bvdv-2) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and single-tube real-time reverse transcription pcr. ear-notch samples were collected by applying modified ear tags from randomly selected hunter-harvested red deer and from individuals originating from deer holdings. all samples tested negative for bvdv-1 and b ... | 2010 | 20966278 |
| pathogens at the livestock-wildlife interface in western alberta: does transmission route matter? | in southwestern alberta, interactions between beef cattle and free-ranging elk (cervus elaphus) may provide opportunities for pathogen transmission. to assess the importance of the transmission route on the potential for interspecies transmission, we conducted a cross-sectional study on four endemic livestock pathogens with three different transmission routes: bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 (predominantly direct transmission), mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (ma ... | 2014 | 24517283 |
| evidence of shared bovine viral diarrhea infections between red deer and extensively raised cattle in south-central spain. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus that affects cattle production worldwide and that can infect other ungulates such as cervids and even wild boar (sus scrofa). it is believed that domestic livestock can become infected through contact with wild animals, though it is known that infection can spread among wild animals in the absence of contact with livestock. little is known about the sharing of bvdv infection between wild and domestic animals in the same habitat, which is importa ... | 2016 | 26767363 |
| challenges in identifying and determining the impacts of infection with pestiviruses on the herd health of free ranging cervid populations. | although most commonly associated with the infection of domestic livestock, the replication of pestiviruses, in particular the two species of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), occurs in a wide range of free ranging cervids including white-tailed deer, mule deer, fallow deer, elk, red deer, roe deer, eland and mousedeer. while virus isolation and serologic analyses indicate that pestiviruses are circulating in these populations, little is known regarding their impact. the lack of regular survei ... | 2016 | 27379051 |
| a serologic survey of viral infections in captive ungulates in turkish zoos. | zoos and zoologic gardens make optimal environments for interspecies transmission of viral infections. there are seven zoos and several small zoologic collections in turkey. this study aimed to determine the current status of viral infections in captive ungulates living in these environments. blood samples were taken from 163 captive animals from two zoos. there were 39 cameroon sheep (ovis ammon f aries), 11 barbary sheep (ammotragus lervia), 57 pygmy goats (capra hircus), 9 angora goats (capra ... | 2011 | 22946369 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus in free-ranging wild ruminants in switzerland: low prevalence of infection despite regular interactions with domestic livestock. | | 2012 | 23107231 |
| host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals. | the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ... | 2017 | 28636590 |
| global mammal parasite database version 2.0. | illuminating the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of parasites is one of the most pressing issues facing modern science, and is critical for basic science, the global economy, and human health. extremely important to this effort are data on the disease-causing organisms of wild animal hosts (including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, helminths, arthropods, and fungi). here we present an updated version of the global mammal parasite database, a database of the parasites of wild ungulates (artioda ... | 2017 | 28273333 |
| diseases of deer in south eastern queensland. | | 1985 | 3833202 |