| use of peroxidase-labelled antigen for the detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in human and animal sera. | we have developed a modified elisa for the detection of anti-borrelia burgdorferi (bb) antibodies based on a peroxidase enzyme labelled antigen (elat). microtiter plates were coated with antigen of bb. the immunoglobulins of the serum samples were bound to the antigen and specific antibodies were detected by an enzyme labelled antigen. the test principle facilitates the recognition of specific antibodies in different collectives of human and animal sera. we performed epidemiological studies with ... | 1991 | 2028231 |
| borrelia infections of ruminants in europe. | the occurrence of borrelia spirochaetes in cattle in the netherlands is reported for the second time, and in red deer and roe-deer in austria for the first time. it is postulated that these spirochaetes are borrelia burgdorferi rather than b. theileri. the reservoir role of ruminants in the epidemiology of human disease caused by b. burgdorferi in europe should be investigated. | 1988 | 3376412 |
| the spatial distribution of borrelia burgdorferi-infected ixodes ricinus in the connemara region of county galway, ireland. | studies were carried out in the connemara area of county galway in the west of ireland in order to determine the abundance and distribution of the tick, ixodes ricinus and the prevalence of its infection with borrelia burgdorferi. the tick was very abundant locally, in particular when associated with cattle, sheep and enclosed red deer. large numbers of ticks not only occurred on the pastures, but also on adjacent roadside verges. no infections with b. burgdorferi could be demonstrated when nymp ... | 1995 | 7634971 |
| prevalence of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in danish deer. | to estimate the prevalence of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in the most common species of danish deer, blood samples were collected from roe deer (capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (dama dama), and red deer (cervus elaphus). a total of 156 blood samples were collected primarily from hunts in three areas of denmark from november 1990 to december 1991. presence of deer igg antibodies to the borrelia burgdorferi strain dk ecm 1 were shown by an indirect immunofluorescence assay at serum titre ... | 1994 | 8011306 |
| diversionary role of hoofed game in the transmission of lyme disease spirochetes. | to determine whether the presence of ungulates may inhibit transmission of the agent of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) while promoting the abundance of its european vector tick (ixodes ricinus), we compared the feeding density of subadult ticks on roe deer (capreolus capreolus), red deer (cervus elaphus), fallow deer (dama dama), and wild sheep (ovis ammon) near berlin and in brandenburg state, germany. the prevalence of spirochetal infection in these ticks was compared with that in ticks s ... | 1993 | 8517488 |
| [significance of red deer (cervus elaphus) in the ecology of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato]. | background: red deer (cervus elaphus) is one of the most important host of the adult tick (ixodes ricinus) which is the basic vector of the lyme disease causative agent--borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in europe. the aim of the present study was to establish the role of red deer in the transmission of b. burgdorferi s.1. material and methods. tissues from 74 red deers were evaluated and the presence of b. burgdorferi s.1 dna was identified using nested pcr technique based on fla gene. the identi ... | 2007 | 18075156 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and anaplasma phagocytophilum in questing ixodes ricinus ticks in relation to the density of wild cervids. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and anaplasma phagocytophilum have been considered as pathogens in animals and humans. the role of wild cervids in the epidemiology is not clear. we analyzed questing ixodes ricinus ticks collected in spring for these pathogens from sites with high (fjelløyvaer and strøm) and low density (tjore, hinnebu and jomfruland) of wild cervids to study the spread of the pathogens in questing ticks. | 2009 | 19943915 |
| molecular detection of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in cervids and wild boars from portugal. | wildlife can act as reservoir of different tick-borne pathogens, such as bacteria, parasites and viruses. the aim of the present study was to assess the presence of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa with veterinary and zoonotic importance in cervids and wild boars from the centre and south of portugal. | 2016 | 27160767 |
| spatial and seasonal variation in the prevalence of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in questing ixodes ricinus ticks in norway. | understanding the variation in prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (lyme borreliosis spirochaetes, lbs) and anaplasma phagocytophilum (causing tick-borne fever in ruminants and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis) in ticks is vital from both a human and an animal disease perspective to target the most effective mitigation measures. from the host competence hypothesis, we predicted that prevalence of lbs would decrease with red deer density, while prevalence of a. phagocytophilum would incr ... | 2013 | 23786850 |
| molecular survey on the presence of zoonotic arthropod-borne pathogens in wild red deer (cervus elaphus). | to estimate the prevalence of some zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in red deer (cervus elaphus) living in italian areas with high risk of arthropod exposure, blood samples from 60 red deer were tested by pcr for a. phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi s.l., coxiella burnetii, francisella tularensis, and piroplasms. thirty-four (56.67%) animals resulted positive for one or more pathogens. in particular, 24 (40%) red deer were positive for a. phagocytophilum, 16 (26.67%) for babesia divergens, 6 (1 ... | 2016 | 27477510 |
| detection of invasive borrelia burgdorferi strains in north-eastern piedmont, italy. | following reports of human cases of lyme borreliosis from the ossola valley, a mountainous area of piemonte, north-western italy, the abundance and altitudinal distribution of ticks, and infection of these vectors with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were evaluated. a total of 1662 host-seeking ixodes ricinus were collected by dragging from april to september 2011 at locations between 400 and 1450 m above sea level. additional 104 i. ricinus were collected from 35 hunted wild animals (4 chamois, ... | 2015 | 25220838 |
| blood feeding on large grazers affects the transmission of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by ixodes ricinus. | the presence of ixodes ricinus and their associated borrelia infections on large grazers was investigated. carcases of freshly shot red deer, mouflon and wild boar were examined for the presence of any stage of i. ricinus. questing ticks were collected from locations where red deer and wild boar are known to occur. presence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. dna was examined in a fraction of the collected ticks. larvae, nymphs and adult ticks were found on the three large grazers. red deer had the hig ... | 2014 | 25113977 |
| borrelia burgdorferi serosurvey in wild deer in england and wales. | lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the united kingdom and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. however, limited information is available on its epidemiology and dynamics in the u.k. a survey in wild deer to investigate the presence of antibodies reactive to borrellia burgdorferi was conducted to obtain initial information on the distribution pattern of the spirochete in england and wales. samples from roe deer (n=604) and red deer (n=80) were collected in eight ... | 2012 | 22448654 |