| detection of avian leukosis virus subgroup j using the polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for the detection of avian leukosis virus strain j (alv-j) in chickens. primers were based in the e element and the 3' terminus of the long terminal repeat of proviral alv-j. pcr products were amplified from genomic dna extracted from chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) infected with either strain hprs-103, the prototype of alv-j, or field isolates of alv-j obtained from broiler breeder flocks in the united states that exhibited myeloid leukosis ... | 1998 | 9645329 |
| [avian leukosis: an old problem in a new coat: diagnostic possibilities and limitations]. | current problems in parent broiler chickens caused by the new avian leukosis virus subgroup j are described. the possibilities and limitations of diagnosing avian leukosis, and in particular that caused by the j subgroup virus, are reviewed and the eradication of the disease is discussed. | 1999 | 10488520 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j: a rapidly evolving group of oncogenic retroviruses. | a strain of avian leukosis virus (alv) belonging to a new envelope subgroup j was isolated in the uk in 1988 from meat-type chickens. the disease caused by the members of this subgroup has since spread very rapidly worldwide and has become one of the major problems facing the broiler meat industry. molecular characterisation of hprs -103, the prototype of subgroup j, has shown that it has a structure of a typical alv with gag, pol and env genes. however the env gene was distinct from that of oth ... | 1999 | 10502478 |
| avian endogenous retrovirus eav-hp shares regions of identity with avian leukosis virus subgroup j and the avian retrotransposon art-ch. | the existence of novel endogenous retrovirus elements in the chicken genome, designated eav-hp, with close sequence identity to the env gene of avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroup j has been reported (l. m. smith, a. a. toye, k. howes, n. bumstead, l. n. payne, and k. venugopal, j. gen. virol. 80:261-268, 1999). to resolve the genome structure of these retroviral elements, we have determined the complete sequence of two proviral clones of eav-hp from a line n chicken genomic dna yeast artificial ... | 2000 | 10627540 |
| induction of host gene expression following infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts with oncogenic marek's disease virus. | microarrays containing 1,126 nonredundant cdnas selected from a chicken activated t-cell expressed sequence tag database (http://chickest.udel.edu) were used to examine changes in host cell gene expression that accompany infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) with marek's disease virus (mdv). host genes that were reproducibly induced by infection of cef with the oncogenic rb1b strain of mdv included macrophage inflammatory protein, interferon response factor 1, interferon-inducible protei ... | 2001 | 11119623 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j infection profiles in broiler breeder chickens: association with virus transmission to progeny. | profiles of infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) and factors that predict virus transmission to progeny were studied. eggs from an infected broiler breeder flock were hatched at the laboratory. the flock was reared in a floor pen, transferred to laying cages at 22 wk, and inseminated to produce fertile eggs. a cohort of 139 chickens was tested at frequent intervals over a 62-wk period for virus, viral antigens, or antibodies in plasma, cloacal swabs, egg albumen, and embryos. v ... | 2000 | 11195648 |
| acutely transforming avian leukosis virus subgroup j strain 966: defective genome encodes a 72-kilodalton gag-myc fusion protein. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), the most recent member of the avian retroviruses, is predominantly associated with myeloid leukosis in meat-type chickens. we have previously demonstrated that the acutely transforming virus strain 966, isolated from an alv-j-induced tumor, transformed peripheral blood monocyte and bone marrow cells in vitro and induced rapid-onset tumors, suggesting transduction of oncogenes (l. n. payne, a. m. gillespie, and k. howes, avian dis. 37:438-450, 1993). in or ... | 2001 | 11287571 |
| heterophil function and resistance to staphylococcal challenge in broiler chickens naturally infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j has a high tropism for myeloid lineage cells and frequently induces neoplastic transformation of myelocytes. the impact of congenital avian leukosis virus subgroup j infection on the function of circulating heterophils and susceptibility to staphylococcal infection was investigated. six-week-old broiler chickens negative for exogenous avian leukosis viruses or congenitally infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup j were inoculated intravenously with 10(6) colon ... | 2001 | 11572559 |
| segregation of eav-hp ancient endogenous retroviruses within the chicken population. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), an exogenous avian retrovirus, is thought to have evolved by recombination with the highly identical env gene of the endogenous avian retrovirus eav-hp. embryonic expression of eav-hp env has been suggested to be associated with the induction of immunological tolerance, a feature observed in a significant proportion of meat-type chickens infected with alv-j. in support of this hypothesis, we demonstrate that eav-hp loci, some of which could be associated ... | 2001 | 11689680 |
| localization of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in naturally infected chickens by rna in situ hybridization. | the novel subgroup j of avian leukosis virus (alv-j) has emerged as a significant cause of myeloid neoplasia and weight suppression in broiler chickens. we investigated viral tropism using rna in situ hybridization (ish) in naturally infected chickens. formalin-fixed tissues were collected from 12-day-old embryos (seven infected, two control) and from 0-week-old (four infected, one control), 3-week-old (five infected, one control), 6-week-old (five infected, one control), and 9-week-old (10 infe ... | 2001 | 11732798 |
| immunohistochemical localization of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in tissues from naturally infected chickens. | the tissue tropism of avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroup j (alv-j) was investigated in congenitally infected broiler chickens by an immunohistochemistry technique detecting gp85 viral glycoprotein. all organs examined contained detectable antigen. the most intense staining was in the adrenal gland, heart, kidney, and proventriculus. intense staining for viral antigen in the heart may explain the ability of alvs to cause cardiomyopathy. although recent investigations failed to demonstrate specif ... | 2001 | 11785904 |
| cardiomyopathy in broiler chickens congenitally infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | dilated cardiomyopathy and ascites in broiler chickens are frequently associated with rapid growth and pulmonary hypertension, but can be associated with some avian leukosis virus (alv) infections. the novel subgroup j of alv has a high cardiac tropism, but dilated cardiomyopathy has not been reported previously. we report a dilated cardiomyopathy incidence of 11.1% in broiler chickens congenitally infected with alv subgroup j (alv-j). gross lesions included severe body weight suppression, cardi ... | 2002 | 12102213 |
| effect of an in ovo infection with a dutch avian leukosis virus subgroup j isolate on the growth and immunological performance of spf broiler chickens. | the effect of an in ovo infection with a dutch isolate of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) on the growth of specific pathogen free (spf) broiler chickens was analysed. during this study, possible immune suppressive effects of alv-j were assessed by measuring delayed-type hypersensitivity with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh), natural killer (nk) cell activity, the production of radicals of nitric oxide (no) by macrophages, humoral immune response against newcastle and infectious bursal di ... | 2002 | 12425793 |
| polymerase chain reaction for detection of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in feather pulp. | feather pulp from experimentally infected chickens was used as a source of dna for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) proviral dna. a primer set that produces a large amplicon (approximately 2,125) was used to detect alv-j proviral dna. this primer set was used in lieu of previously published primers because it allows for sequencing of the entire envelope gene and because it was able to detect diagnostically a number of north american alv-j i ... | 2002 | 12495059 |
| lack of interaction between avian leukosis virus subgroup j and fowl adenovirus (fav) in fav-antibody-positive chickens. | unfounded field speculation has suggested that avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) predisposes young meat-type chickens to inclusion body hepatitis caused by fowl adenovirus (fav). to address this hypothesis, we infected 1-day-old grandparent meat-type chickens carrying maternal antibodies against fav with a field isolate of fav associated with inclusion body hepatitis in broilers, alv-j, or both fav and alv-j. we examined the effects of fav alone or in combination with alv-j on the basis of ... | 2002 | 12495060 |
| the effects of avian leukosis virus subgroup j on broiler chicken performance and response to vaccination. | the effects of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) infection on meat-type chickens reared in a simulated commercial setting were evaluated. each of three alv-j isolates was evaluated with both simulated horizontal transmission (sht) and simulated vertical transmission (svt). mortality, morbidity, disease condemnations, and feed conversions were increased and body weights at processing were decreased in alv-j infected birds as compared to sham inoculated hatch mates. the adverse effects of al ... | 2003 | 14562889 |
| occurrence of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in commercial layer flocks in china. | mortality from myeloid leukosis was observed in commercial layers from 12 farms in northern china. affected chickens were extremely thin and dehydrated, bleeding occurred in feather follicles and claws, combs were pale and anaemic, phalanges were swollen, and many yellowish-white tumours were seen on the visceral surface of the sternum. focal tumour cells, with spherical eosinophilic granules in the cytoplasm, were found in the liver, spleen, kidney, ovary, oviduct, lung, bone marrow, proventric ... | 2004 | 14681063 |
| effects of cyclosporin a treatment on the pathogenesis of avian leukosis virus subgroup j infection in broiler chickens with marek's disease virus exposure. | in this study, we investigated the effects of t-cell suppression on the pathogenesis of subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j). chickens were treated with cyclosporin a (csp) 50 mg/kg body weight or a corresponding volume of olive oil per every three days after hatching until the end of experiment. some of the chickens from each treatment group were infected with an isolate of alv-j, adol-7501, at 2 weeks of age. the effects of viral infection were compared to uninfected birds in same treatment ... | 2003 | 14685030 |
| response of white leghorn chickens of various genetic lines to infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | in experiment 1, chickens from various white leghorn experimental lines were inoculated with strain adol-hcl of subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) either as embryos or at 1 day of age. at various ages, chickens were tested for alv-j induced viremia, antibody, and packed cell volume (pcv). also, at 4 and 10 wk of age, bursal tissues were examined for avian leukosis virus (alv)-induced preneoplastic lesions with the methyl green-pyronine (mgp) stain. in experiment 2, chickens harboring or lac ... | 2004 | 15077798 |
| development of quantitative competitive-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for detection and quantitation of avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) causes severe economic losses in the broiler industry by increasing mortality, producing tumors, and decreasing weight gain in chickens. the quantitation of alv-j is difficult because of its failure to produce a cytopathic effect in cell culture systems and the nonspecificity of antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tests. this study was performed to develop a quantitative competitive-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chai ... | 2004 | 15152832 |
| detection of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in chicken flocks from malaysia and their molecular characterization. | previously we have shown that avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) might be present in chicken flocks from malaysia based on serological study and also on detection of tissue samples with myelocytic infiltration. in this study, the polymerase chain reaction was used to detect alv-j sequences from archived frozen samples. out of 21 tissue samples examined, 16 samples were positive for proviral dna and four samples for alv-j rna. however, only nine samples were found positive for myelocytic inf ... | 2004 | 15223566 |
| assessing the roles of endogenous retrovirus eav-hp in avian leukosis virus subgroup j emergence and tolerance. | avian leukosis virus (alv) subgroup j is thought to have emerged through a recombination event between an unknown exogenous alv and the endogenous retrovirus elements designated eav-hp. all eav-hp elements identified to date in the chicken genome show large deletions, including that of the entire pol gene. here we report the identification of four segregating chicken eav-hp proviruses with complete pol genes, one of which shows exceptionally high sequence identity and a close phylogenetic relati ... | 2004 | 15367619 |
| single and concurrent avian leukosis virus infections with avian leukosis virus-j and avian leukosis virus-a in australian meat-type chickens. | australian broiler breeders were screened for avian leukosis viruses (alvs) (may 2001 to december 2003) as surveillance of measures to reduce the prevalence of alv-j. samples of blood (4233), albumen (1122), meconium (99) and tumours (16) were obtained from 93 flocks in six australian states. virus isolation was performed in c/o chick embryo fibroblast cultures, which were initially screened by group-specific antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with follow-up confirmation using polymerase ... | 2005 | 15763738 |
| detection of subgroup j avian leukosis virus infection in australian meat-type chickens. | to determine the extent of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) infection in australian broiler breeder flocks, using virus isolation and molecular biological detection. any resultant alv-j viral isolates to be characterised by neutralisation cross testing in order to determine antigenic relationships to overseas isolates of alv-j. | 2004 | 15977617 |
| [emerging of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in a flock of chinese local breed]. | myeloid leukosis (ml) cases were first diagnosed in a chicken flock of chinese local breed in shan dong province. the main symptom included wasting, weight loss, anemia. it caused about 10% mortality of about 15000 birds at the age of 120-day. in the necropsy, gray-white nodules and protrusions in various sizes were commonly observed on the surface of the sternum, intestine and trachea. almost all viscera tissues showed moderate to severe enlargement with diffuse gray-white nodules. histological ... | 2005 | 16245876 |
| e (xsr) element contributes to the oncogenicity of avian leukosis virus (subgroup j). | among the six subgroups of avian leukosis virus (alv) that infect chickens, subgroup j (alv-j) was isolated from meat-type chickens where it predominantly induces myeloid leukosis (ml) and erythroblastosis (eb). the sequence of hprs-103, the alv-j prototype virus, shows several distinct features, one of which is the presence of a distinct hairpin stem-loop structure called the e (also called xsr) element in the 3' untranslated region. in order to determine the role of the e element in alv-induce ... | 2006 | 16894209 |
| myotropic avian leukosis virus subgroup j infection in a chicken. | the study describes a highly productive myotropic avian leukosis virus infection (alv) in a 3-month-old female chicken. at necropsy, ascites, hepatic fibrosis and cardiomegaly were seen. histologically, the most striking lesion was the presence of cytoplasmic basophilic inclusions in myocardial fibers. immunostaining for alv group specific antigen p27 revealed a diffuse presence of virus antigen in cardiac myofibers, in smooth muscle fibers of most of the organs, and in rare, pancreatic and ovar ... | 2006 | 16930280 |
| molecular epidemiology of avian leukosis virus subgroup j and evolutionary history of its 3' untranslated region. | avian leukosis subgroup j (alv-j) causes a variety of tumors and mortality in meat-type chickens. since its discovery in the late 1980s, alv-j has spread to breeding stock produced by most primary breeding companies of north america, the european union, and asia. alv-j seems to have been eradicated from elite breeding stock produced by most primary breeders, albeit alv-j still circulates in some commercial poultry. this study was undertaken to examine the molecular epidemiology and evolution of ... | 2007 | 18251406 |
| subgroup j avian leukosis virus infection in turkeys: induction of rapid onset tumours by acutely transforming virus strain 966. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), isolated in the late 1980s, predominantly causes myelocytic myeloid leukosis in meat-type chickens. in the past 10 years, alv-j infection has become very widespread, causing serious problems to the chicken meat industry. previously, we have shown that turkey cells can be infected in vitro with rous sarcoma virus pseudotypes of alv-j. in this paper, we extend those observations to show that turkey monocyte cultures can be transformed in vitro with acutely ... | 2000 | 19184821 |
| reduction of horizontal transmission of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in broiler breeder chickens hatched and reared in small groups. | transmission of avian leukosis virus, subgroup j (alv-j), from donor chickens inoculated as embryos to simulate congenital infection to uninfected hatchmates was studied in two strains of commercial broiler breeder chickens. chicks of two commercial lines free of alv-j became infected when hatched (1/2 lots positive) or reared (8/8 lots positive) in direct physical contact with alv-j-infected donors. infection also occurred when chicks were exposed in the hatchery to alv-j-infected donors by clo ... | 2001 | 19184958 |
| [sequence analysis for the complete proviral genome of avian leukosis virus (subgroup j) strain sd07lk1 isolated from layers]. | to study the source and trend in evolution of alv-j strains from layers in china. | 2009 | 19623966 |
| [isolation and identification of avian leukosis virus-b from layer chickens infected with avian leukosis virus-j]. | two strains of avian leukosis virus subgroup b (alv-b) were isolated for the first time in china hy-line white on the cultured df-1 cells which were inoculated tissue samples from by an elisa assay, a histopathology examination and a pcr-based diagnosis. the results from the elisa assay indicated that the positive rate of serum antibodies to alv-b and alv-j virus were 16.3% (15/92) and 13% (12/92), respectively. the histopathological examination indicated that two types of tumor cells existed at ... | 2009 | 20077935 |
| tumors associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j in layer hens during 2007 to 2009 in china. | in the 3 years leading up to november 2009, 6 different types of naturally occurring neoplasms associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) were diagnosed by histopathology, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and immunohistochemistry (ihc) in 140 layer hens out of approximately 100,000. the most prevalent tumor type was hemangioma (50%) in commercial layer flocks; the second most prevalent neoplasm type was myelocytoma (38.6%); a small number of alv-j positive lymphomas (4.3%) that were ... | 2010 | 20467208 |
| recombinant avian leukosis viruses of subgroup j isolated from field infected commercial layer chickens with hemangioma and myeloid leukosis possess an insertion in the e element. | five isolates (js09gy2, js09gy3, js09gy4, js09gy5, and js09gy6) of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) were isolated from six infected commercial layer flocks displaying both hemangioma and myeloid leukosis (ml), which shared the same parental line, in china in 2009. | 2010 | 20676760 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j in layer chickens, china. | | 2010 | 20875300 |
| differentially expressed genes in a flock of chinese local-breed chickens infected with a subgroup j avian leukosis virus using suppression subtractive hybridization. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is a new type of virus that mainly induces myeloid leukosis (ml) in chickens. to further elucidate the pathogenesis of alv-j infection and tumor development, expression profiles from the bone marrow tissue of 15 infected and 18 non-infected birds from a local-breed poultry-farm under naturally infected conditions, were analyzed by suppression-subtractive hybridization. the birds were diagnosed as ml+ (or ml-) by specific alv-j detection methods, involving ... | 2010 | 21637603 |
| the critical time of avian leukosis virus subgroup j-mediated immunosuppression during early stage infection in specific pathogen-free chickens. | the critical time of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j)-mediated immunosuppression was determined by body weight, relative immune organ weight, histopathology, and presence of group specific antigen and antibodies in specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens. cd4(+) and cd8(+) cell activity in the spleen, total and differential leukocyte counts in blood, and viral rna levels in spleen were measured. significant growth suppression was observed in the two alv-j-infected groups. a strong immune re ... | 2011 | 21897096 |
| novel sequences of subgroup j avian leukosis viruses associated with hemangioma in chinese layer hens. | abstract: background: avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) preferentially induces myeloid leukosis (ml) in meat-type birds. since 2008, many clinical cases of hemangioma rather than ml have frequently been reported in association with alv-j infection in chinese layer flocks. results: three alv-j strains associated with hemangioma were isolated and their proviral genomic sequences were determined. the three isolates, jl093-1, sd09dp03 and hlj09mdj-1, were 7670, 7670, and 7633 nt in length. t ... | 2011 | 22185463 |
| Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein GP85 of ALV-J isolates from Mainland China between 1999 and 2010: Coexistence of two extremely different subgroups in layers. | Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), first isolated in 1989, preferentially infects meat-type birds. However, layer flocks in China have experienced outbreaks of this virus since 2008. To understand the genetic diversity of ALV-J in Chinese layers, we compared and analyzed the GP85 gene sequences of 106 ALV-J isolates that were isolated between 1999 and 2010 in Mainland China. The GP85 gene sequences of 41 layer isolates collected from 9 provinces of China between 2008 and 2010 belonged to t ... | 2011 | 22101092 |
| molecular epidemiology of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in layer flocks in china. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) was first isolated from meat-type chickens in 1988. no field cases of alv-j infection and tumors in layer chickens were observed worldwide until 2004. however, layer flocks in china have experienced outbreaks of this virus in recent years. the molecular epidemiology of alv-j strains isolated from layer flocks was investigated. the env genes of 77.8% (21/27) of the alv-j layer isolates with a high degree of genetic variation were significantly different fro ... | 2011 | 22205787 |
| [correlation between tcid50 and p27 antigen of avian leukosis virus subgroup j]. | to study the correlation between 50% tissue-culture infective dose (tcid50) value and p27 antigen s/p value of avian leukosis virus subgroup j and discuss their significance, chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells were inoculated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j strain nx0101 and samples were tested continuously for ten days after changing maintenance media. the correlation between tcid50 and p27 antigen s/p value of ten days were then analysized. simultaneously, df-1 cells were inoculated wi ... | 2011 | 22263263 |
| mir-34b-5p suppresses melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5) signaling pathway to promote avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j)-infected cells proliferaction and alv-j replication. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an oncogenic retrovirus that has a similar replication cycle to multiple viruses and therefore can be used as a model system for viral entry into host cells. however, there are few reports on the genes or micrornas (mirnas) that are responsible for the replication of alv-j. our previous mirna and rna sequencing data showed that the expression of mir-34b-5p was significantly upregulated in alv-j-infected chicken spleens compared to non-infected chicken s ... | 2017 | 28194372 |
| growth retardation induced by avian leukosis virus subgroup j associated with down-regulated wnt/β-catenin pathway. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), an oncogenic retrovirus, induces growth retardation and neoplasia in chickens, leading to enormous economic losses in poultry industry. increasing evidences showed several signal pathways involved in alv-j infection. however, what signaling pathway involved in growth retardation is largely unknown. to explore the possible signaling pathway, we tested the cell proliferation and associated mirnas in alv-j infected cef cells by cck-8 and hiseq, respectively. ... | 2017 | 28065818 |
| efficacy of an autophagy-targeted dna vaccine against avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | infection with the avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) can lead to neoplastic disease in chickens, inflicting significant economic losses to the poultry industry. recent reports have identified inhibitory effects of alv-j on autophagy, a process involving in innate and adaptive immunity. inspired by this connection between autophagy and immunity, we developed a novel dna vaccine against alv-j which includes co-administration of rapamycin to stimulate autophagy. to measure the efficacy of the ... | 2017 | 28049588 |
| a deep sequencing reveals significant diversity among dominant variants and evolutionary dynamics of avian leukosis viruses in two infectious ecosystems. | as a typical retrovirus, the evolution of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) in different infectious ecosystems is not characterized, what we know is there are a cloud of diverse variants, namely quasispecies with considerable genetic diversity. this study is to explore the selection of infectious ecosystems on dominant variants and their evolutionary dynamics of alv-j between df1 cells and specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens. high-throughput sequencing platforms provide an approach for d ... | 2016 | 27993149 |
| identification of new world quails susceptible to infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | the j subgroup of avian leukosis virus (alv-j) infects domestic chickens, jungle fowl, and turkeys. this virus enters the host cell through a receptor encoded by the tvj locus and identified as na(+)/h(+) exchanger 1. the resistance to avian leukosis virus subgroup j in a great majority of galliform species has been explained by deletions or substitutions of the critical tryptophan 38 in the first extracellular loop of na(+)/h(+) exchanger 1. because there are concerns of transspecies virus tran ... | 2017 | 27881654 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j induces vegf expression via nf-κb/pi3k-dependent il-6 production. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an oncogenic virus causing hemangiomas and myeloid tumors in chickens. interleukin-6 (il-6) is a multifunctional pro-inflammatory interleukin involved in many types of cancer. we previously demonstrated that il-6 expression was induced following alv-j infection in chickens. the aim of this study is to characterize the mechanism by which alv-j induces il-6 expression, and the role of il-6 in tumor development. our results demonstrate that alv-j infection ... | 2016 | 27852059 |
| recombinant marek's disease virus as a vector-based vaccine against avian leukosis virus subgroup j in chicken. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an immunosuppressive virus that causes considerable economic losses to the chicken industry in china. however, there is currently no effective vaccine to prevent alv-j infection. in order to reduce the losses caused by alv-j, we constructed two effective alv-j vaccines by inserting the alv-j (strain jl093-1) env or gag+env genes into the us2 gene of the marek's disease herpesviruses (mdv) by transfection of overlapping fosmid dnas, creating two recombin ... | 2016 | 27827933 |
| endogenous retrovirus ev21 dose not recombine with alv-j and induces the expression of isgs in the host. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) infection can cause tumors and immunosuppression. endogenous viruses integrate into host genomes and can recombine with exogenous avian leukosis virus (alv). in this study, we analyzed the interaction of endogenous retrovirus 21 (ev21) with the alv-j in late-feathering chinese yellow chicken. two alv-j strains m180 and k243 were isolated from late-feathering and fast-feathering chinese yellow chicken flocks, respectively. the env gene of the two strains sh ... | 2016 | 27826543 |
| gp85 genetic diversity of avian leukosis virus subgroup j among different individual chickens from a native flock. | to compare the genetic diversity and quasispecies evolution of avian leukosis virus (alv) among different individuals, 5 chickens, raised in shandong provice of china, were randomly selected from a local chicken flock associated with serious tumor cases. blood samples were collected and inoculated into chicken embryo fibroblast and df-1 cell lines for virus isolation and identification, respectively, of marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), and alv. five strains of alv ... | 2016 | 27794054 |
| expression patterns of endogenous avian retrovirus alve1 and its response to infection with exogenous avian tumour viruses. | endogenous retroviruses (ervs) are genomic elements that are present in a wide range of vertebrates and have been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including cancer. however, the characteristic expression patterns of ervs, particularly in virus-induced tumours, is not fully clear. dna methylation was analysed by bisulfite pyrosequencing, and gene expression was analysed by rt-qpcr. in this study, we first found that the endogenous avian retrovirus alve1 was highly expressed in some chic ... | 2017 | 27686071 |
| gadd45β, an anti-tumor gene, inhibits avian leukosis virus subgroup j replication in chickens. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is a retroviruses that induces neoplasia, hepatomegaly, immunosuppression and poor performance in chickens. the tumorigenic and pathogenic mechanisms of alv-j remain a hot topic. to explore anti-tumor genes that promote resistance to alv-j infection in chickens, we bred alv-j resistant and susceptible chickens (f3 generation). rna-sequencing (rna-seq) of liver tissue from the alv-j resistant and susceptible chickens identified 216 differentially expressed ... | 2016 | 27655697 |
| viral proliferation and expression of tumor-related gene in different chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with different tumorigenic phenotypes of avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) causes a neoplastic disease in infected chickens. the alv-j strain nx0101, which was isolated from broiler breeders in 2001, mainly induced formation of myeloid cell tumors. however, strain hn10py01, which was recently isolated from laying hens, mainly induces formation of myeloid cell tumors and hemangioma. to identify the molecular pathological mechanism underlying changes in host susceptibility and tumor classification induced by these two types of alv- ... | 2016 | 27609806 |
| molecular epidemiology of j-subgroup avian leukosis virus isolated from meat-type chickens in southern china between 2013 and 2014. | members of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) cause various diseases associated with tumor formation and decreased fertility, resulting in major economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. to assess the status of alv-j infection in meat-type chickens in southern china, the molecular epidemiology of alv-j strains was investigated. a total of 265 clinical samples collected from southern china from 2013 to 2014 were investigated in this study for the presence of alv-j, which resulted in ... | 2016 | 27503348 |
| genomic diversity of the avian leukosis virus subgroup j gp85 gene in different organs of an infected chicken. | the genomic diversity of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) was investigated in an experimentally infected chicken. alv-j variants in tissues from four different organs of the same bird were re-isolated in df-1 cells, and their gp85 gene was amplified and cloned. ten clones from each organ were sequenced and compared with the original inoculum strain, nx0101. the minimum homology of each organ ranged from 96.7 to 97.6%, and the lowest homology between organs was only 94.9%, which was much l ... | 2016 | 27456778 |
| [cross-species transmission of avian leukosis virus subgroup j]. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an avian retrovirus that can induce myelocytomas. a high-frequency mutation in gene envelope endows alv-j with the potential for cross-species transmission. we wished to ascertain if the alv-j can spread across species under selection pressure in susceptible and resistant hosts. first, we inoculated (in turn) two susceptible host birds (specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens and turkeys). then, we inoculated three resistant hosts (pheasants, quails and d ... | 2016 | 27295883 |
| innate immune responses in alv-j infected chicks and chickens with hemangioma in vivo. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) infection can cause tumors and immunosuppression. since the precise mechanism of the innate immune response induced by alv-j is unknown, we investigated the antiviral innate immune responses induced by alv-j in chicks and chickens that had developed tumors. spleen levels of interleukin-6 (il-6), il-10, il-1β, and interferon-β (ifn-β) were not significantly different between the infected chick groups and the control groups from 1 day post hatch to 7 days po ... | 2016 | 27252695 |
| gene expression changes in chicken nlrc5 signal pathway associated with in vitro avian leukosis virus subgroup j infection. | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (nlrs) play a key role in the innate immune response as pattern-recognition receptors. however, the role of nlrc5, which is a member of the nlr family, in nf-κb activation and mhc-i expression remains debatable. infection with the j group avian leukosis virus (alv-j) can result in immunosuppression and a subsequent increase in susceptibility to secondary infection. this results in huge economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. usi ... | 2016 | 27050957 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j induces its receptor--chnhe1 up-regulation. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an oncogenic retrovirus which causes immunosuppression and neoplasia in meat-type and egg-type chickens. alv-j infects host cells via specific interaction between the viral env and the cell surface receptor -chicken sodium hydrogen exchanger type 1 (chnhe1). nhe1 involved in altering the cellular ph and playing a critical role in tumorigenesis. however, little is known about the other relationship between alv-j and chnhe1. | 2016 | 27039379 |
| expression of the env gene from the avian endogenous retrovirus alve and regulation by mir-155. | endogenous retroviruses (ervs) are important retroelements that reside in host genomes. however, erv expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. in this study, chicken embryo fibroblasts (cefs) and msb1 cells infected with marek's disease virus (mdv) exhibited significantly increased expression of env from the endogenous retrovirus alve. in contrast, env expression was significantly lower in cef and msb1 cells infected with exogenous avian leukosis virus j (alvj) at the ... | 2016 | 27016933 |
| identification of avian leukosis virus subgroup j-associated acutely transforming viruses carrying the v-src oncogene in layer chickens. | to elucidate the molecular basis for the rapid oncogenicity of an acutely transforming avian leukosis virus (alv), isolated from fibrosarcomas in hy-line brown commercial layer chickens infected with alv subgroup j (alv-j), the complete genomic structure of the provirus was determined. in addition to alv-j replication-complete virus sdau1102, five proviral dna genomes, named sj-1, sj-2, sj-3, sj-4 and sj-5, carrying different lengths of the v-src oncogene were amplified from original tumours and ... | 2016 | 26842006 |
| lamivudine inhibits the replication of alv-j associated acutely transforming virus and its helper virus and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. | to study the antiviral effects of lamivudine on avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) and its inhibitory effect on the growth of fibrosarcomas caused by acute transforming avian leukosis virus, a series of experiments were performed in chicken embryo fibroblast cultures and 1-day-old chickens inoculated with an acutely transforming viral stock fu-j (sdau1005). this stock was prepared from an acutely fibrosarcoma of field cases in chicken farms and contained both the replication-defective virus ... | 2015 | 26648914 |
| genome-wide analysis reveals the extent of eav-hp integration in domestic chicken. | eav-hp is an ancient retrovirus pre-dating gallus speciation, which continues to circulate in modern chicken populations, and led to the emergence of avian leukosis virus subgroup j causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. we mapped eav-hp integration sites in ethiopian village chickens, a silkie, taiwan country chicken, red junglefowl gallus gallus and several inbred experimental lines using whole-genome sequence data. | 2015 | 26466991 |
| evaluation of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against avian leukosis virus subgroup j in chickens. | the intricate sequence and antigenic variability of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) have led to unprecedented difficulties in the development of vaccines. much experimental evidence demonstrates that alv-j mutants have caused immune evasion and pose a challenge for traditional efforts to develop effective vaccines. to investigate the potential of a multi-epitope vaccination strategy to prevent chickens against alv-j infections, a recombinant chimeric multi-epitope protein x (rcmepx) cont ... | 2015 | 26196055 |
| microrna-23b promotes avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) replication by targeting irf1. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) can cause several different leukemia-like proliferative diseases in the hemopoietic system of chickens. here, we investigated the transcriptome profiles and mirna expression profiles of alv-j-infected and uninfected chicken spleens to identify the genes and mirnas related to alv-j invasion. in total, 252 genes and 167 mirnas were differentially expressed in alv-j-infected spleens compared to control uninfected spleens. mir-23b expression was up-regulated i ... | 2015 | 25980475 |
| synergistic inhibition of avian leukosis virus subgroup j replication by mirna-embedded sirna interference of double-target. | the diseases caused by avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) has become a serious problem in the poultry. due to largely ineffective vaccines, new control measures are needed to be developed. rna interference (rnai) has been developed a promising measure for antivirus in poultry. | 2015 | 25889403 |
| complete genome sequence of an american avian leukosis virus subgroup j isolate that causes hemangiomas and myeloid leukosis. | we report the complete genome sequence of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) isolate pdrc-59831, which causes myeloid leukosis and hemangiomas in chickens. this is an american alv-j isolate, which was found in a 38-week-old broiler breeder chicken on a farm in georgia in 2007. | 2015 | 25858851 |
| diagnosis and sequence analysis of avian leukosis virus subgroup j isolated from chinese partridge shank chickens. | the diagnosis of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) infection in chinese partridge shank chickens was confirmed by necropsy, histopathological examinations, antibody tests, viral isolation, immunofluorescence assays, and sequence analysis. myelocytoma, myeloma, and fibrosarcoma were simultaneously found in partridge shank flock with alv-j infection. sequence analysis of the env genes of alv-j demonstrated that both gp85 and gp37 were highly homologous among the three strains from local chic ... | 2015 | 25713393 |
| the met gene is a common integration target in avian leukosis virus subgroup j-induced chicken hemangiomas. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is a simple retrovirus that can cause hemangiomas and myeloid tumors in chickens and is currently a major economic problem in asia. here we characterize alv-j strain pdrc-59831, a newly studied u.s. isolate of alv-j. five-day-old chicken embryos were infected with this virus, and the chickens developed myeloid leukosis and hemangiomas within 2 months after hatching. to investigate the mechanism of pathogenesis, we employed high-throughput sequencing to ana ... | 2015 | 25673726 |
| identification of a novel b-cell epitope specific for avian leukosis virus subgroup j gp85 protein. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus that has caused severe economic losses in china. gp85 protein is the main envelope protein and the most variable structural protein of alv-j. it is also involved in virus neutralization. in this study, a specific monoclonal antibody, 4a3, was produced against the alv-j gp85 protein. immunofluorescence assays showed that 4a3 could react with different strains of alv-j, including the british prototype isolate hprs103, the ame ... | 2015 | 25655260 |
| identification of novel viral receptors with cell line expressing viral receptor-binding protein. | the viral cell receptors and infection can be blocked by the expression of the viral receptor-binding protein. thus, the viral cell receptor is an attractive target for anti-viral strategies, and the identification of viral cell receptor is critical for better understanding and controlling viral disease. as a model system for viral entry and anti-retroviral approaches, avian sarcoma/leukosis virus (aslv, including the a-j ten subgroups) has been studied intensively and many milestone discoveries ... | 2015 | 25604889 |
| molecular characterization of 3'utrs of j subgroup avian leukosis virus in passerine birds in china. | to assess the status of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) infection in passerine birds in china, 365 passerine birds collected from northeast china from 2011 to 2013 were tested, and two alv-j strains were isolated from yellow-browed warbler and marsh tit. the 3'untranslated regions (3'utrs) of the two strains were amplified, cloned, and sequenced, with the results showing that the 3'utrs of the two strains contained multiple mutations and deletions, which are similar to viral strains isol ... | 2015 | 25577165 |
| a recombinant avian leukosis virus subgroup j for directly monitoring viral infection and the selection of neutralizing antibodies. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) has induced serious clinical outbreaks and has become a serious infectious disease of chickens in china. we describe here the creation of a recombinant alv-j tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (named rhprs-103egfp). we successfully utilize the rhprs-103egfp to visualize viral infection and for development of a simplified serum-neutralization test. | 2014 | 25522008 |
| synergistic pathogenic effects of co-infection of subgroup j avian leukosis virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus in broiler chickens. | to study interactions between avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and the effects of co-infection on pathogenicity of these viruses, 1-day-old broiler chicks were infected with alv-j, rev or both alv-j and rev. the results indicated that co-infection of alv-j and rev induced more growth retardation and higher mortality rate than alv-j or rev single infection (p < 0.05). chickens co-infected with alv-j and rev also showed more severe immunosuppression tha ... | 2015 | 25484188 |
| immunomodulatory effects of taishan pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide and propolis on immunosuppressed chickens. | co-infection of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), which can cause suppressed immunity and vaccination failure, frequently occurs in chicken flocks in china. taishan pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide (tppps) and propolis (pp) have been proven to possess immune modulatory effects and improve the immune effects of vaccines. this study aimed to investigate the immune modulatory ability of tppps and pp on chickens co-infected with immunosuppressive vi ... | 2015 | 25450885 |
| mutations in and expression of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in egg-type chickens infected with subgroup j avian leukosis virus. | to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the oncogenic effects of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), we examined mutations in and the expression of p53 in the myelocytomas distributed in the liver, spleen, trachea, and bone marrow, as well as in fibrosarcomas in the abdominal cavity and hemangiomas in skin from chickens that were naturally or experimentally infected with alv-j. two types of mutations in the p53 gene were detected in myelocytomas of both the experimentally infected and th ... | 2015 | 25445321 |
| an avian leukosis virus subgroup j isolate with a rous sarcoma virus-like 5'-ltr shows enhanced replication capability. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) was first isolated from meat-producing chickens that had developed myeloid leukosis. however, alv-j infections associated with hemangiomas have occurred in egg-producing (layer) flocks in china. in this study, we identified an alv-j layer isolate (hlj13sh01) as a recombinant of alv-j and a rous sarcoma virus schmidt-ruppin b strain (rsv-srb), which contained the rsv-srb 5'-ltr and the other genes of alv-j. replication kinetic testing indicated that the hlj ... | 2015 | 25274857 |
| nhe1 gene associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j infection in chicken. | as a kind of binding protein, the type 1 na(+)/h(+) exchanger (nhe1) is a receptor for the highly pathogenic avian leukosis viruses-j subgroup (alv-j) in chicken. in order to investigate the potential effect of chicken nhe1 gene on leukosis, we compared its expression between alv-j-affected and -unaffected chicken, screened variations across the whole gene, and then performed association analysis with alv-j affected/unaffected trait in three un-related chicken populations. we found that the nhe1 ... | 2014 | 24985980 |
| detection and molecular characterization of j subgroup avian leukosis virus in wild ducks in china. | to assess the status of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) in wild ducks in china, we examined samples from 528 wild ducks, representing 17 species, which were collected in china over the past 3 years. virus isolation and pcr showed that 7 alv-j strains were isolated from wild ducks. the env genes and the 3'utrs from these isolates were cloned and sequenced. the env genes of all 7 wild duck isolates were significantly different from those in the prototype strain hprs-103, american strains, ... | 2014 | 24733260 |
| chicken biliary exosomes enhance cd4(+)t proliferation and inhibit alv-j replication in liver. | exosomes, which are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin, carry lipids, rna/mirnas, and proteins and have immune modulatory functions. in this study, we isolated exosomes from the bile of specific pathogen-free chickens, 42-43 days of age, by using an ultracentrifugation and filtration method. the density of the exosomes, isolated by sucrose gradient fractionation, was between 1.13 and 1.19 g/ml. electron microscopic observation of the liver showed that exosomes were present in the space ... | 2014 | 24697699 |
| gga-mir-375 plays a key role in tumorigenesis post subgroup j avian leukosis virus infection. | avian leukosis is a neoplastic disease caused in part by subgroup j avian leukosis virus j (alv-j). micro ribonucleic acids (mirnas) play pivotal oncogenic and tumour-suppressor roles in tumour development and progression. however, little is known about the potential role of mirnas in avian leukosis tumours. we have found a novel tumour-suppressor mirna, gga-mir-375, associated with avian leukosis tumorigenesis by mirna microarray in a previous report. we have also previously studied the biologi ... | 2014 | 24694742 |
| transcription analysis of the response of chicken bursa of fabricius to avian leukosis virus subgroup j strain js09gy3. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) causes tumours and immunosuppression in chickens. the host-alv interactions at the transcriptional level are unknown. in this study, gene expression profiling was performed to analyse the bursa response induced by alv-j strain js09gy3 in chickens. | 2014 | 24680656 |
| role of virus-encoded micrornas in avian viral diseases. | with total dependence on the host cell, several viruses have adopted strategies to modulate the host cellular environment, including the modulation of microrna (mirna) pathway through virus-encoded mirnas. several avian viruses, mostly herpesviruses, have been shown to encode a number of novel mirnas. these include the highly oncogenic marek's disease virus-1 (26 mirnas), avirulent marek's disease virus-2 (36 mirnas), herpesvirus of turkeys (28 mirnas), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (10 mir ... | 2014 | 24662606 |
| generation and evaluation of avian leukosis virus subgroup j envelope glycoprotein recombinant pseudovirions. | retroviral and lentiviral vector pseudotypes (based on human immunodeficiency virus type 1, hiv-1) have been used for stable and safe gene transfer because of their broad host ranges and high mechanical strength. in the present study, a recombinant avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) polypeptide pseudotyped with lentivirus membrane glycoproteins gp85 and gp37, hiv/env-alv, was generated, characterized in vitro and evaluated for its ability to infect natural host cells. we optimized the newly ... | 2014 | 24589516 |
| a 19-nucleotide insertion in the leader sequence of avian leukosis virus subgroup j contributes to its replication in vitro but is not related to its pathogenicity in vivo. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j) was first isolated from meat-type chickens that had developed myeloid leukosis and since 2008, alv-j infections in chickens have become widespread in china. a comparison of the sequence of alv-j epidemic isolates with hprs-103, the alv-j prototype virus, revealed several distinct features, one of which is a 19-nucleotide (nt) insertion in the leader sequence. to determine the role of the 19-nt insertion in alv-j pathogenicity, a pair of viruses were constr ... | 2014 | 24465434 |
| the myc, tert, and zic1 genes are common targets of viral integration and transcriptional deregulation in avian leukosis virus subgroup j-induced myeloid leukosis. | the integration of retroviruses into the host genome following nonrandom genome-wide patterns may lead to the deregulation of gene expression and oncogene activation near the integration sites. slow-transforming retroviruses have been widely used to perform genetic screens for the identification of genes involved in cancer. to investigate the involvement of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) integration in myeloid leukosis (ml) in chickens, we utilized an alv-j insertional identification pl ... | 2014 | 24371071 |
| genetic mutations of avian leukosis virus subgroup j strains extended their host range. | the genetic diversity of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is determined not only by the env gene, but also by its 3' utr and 3' ltr. they all play important roles in extending the host range and tumour development. in the present study, one alv-j strain (zb110604-6) from black-bone silky fowl (bsf) and three alv-j strains (zb110604-3/4/5) from grey partridge (gp), which bore multiple tumours and breed in one house of farm a, were demonstrated extending their host to gp, while two other al ... | 2014 | 24272684 |
| selection of reference genes for quantitative real-time pcr analysis in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup j. | the selection of stably expressed reference genes is a prerequisite when evaluating gene expression, via real-time pcr, in cells in response to viral infections. the objective of our study was to identify suitable reference genes for mrna expression analysis in chicken embryonic fibroblasts (cef) after infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j). | 2013 | 24099561 |
| multicentric histiocytosis related to avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j)-infection in meat-type local chickens. | gross lesions characterized by swollen livers and spleens accompanied by diffuse white miliary spots, which resembled those of marek's disease, were detected in two flocks of local meat-type chickens at a japanese poultry processing plant in june and august 2010. the microscopic examinations revealed proliferative foci consisting of spindle or polymorphic cells in the interstitium of livers, splenic follicles and the interstitium of kidneys. these cells were positive immunohistochemically with i ... | 2014 | 23978900 |
| isolation, identification, and phylogenetic analysis of two avian leukosis virus subgroup j strains associated with hemangioma and myeloid leukosis. | cases of myeloid leukosis and hemangioma associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) are becoming more frequent in china in commercial layer chickens and breeders of egg-type chickens. in this study, two strains of alv-j (scau11-h and scau11-xg) associated with hemangioma and myelocytoma were isolated from commercial broiler breeder animals in 2011. their full-length proviral sequences were analyzed, revealing several unique genetic differences between the two isolates, and suggestin ... | 2013 | 23876931 |
| development of a new duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of dicer in g. gallus. | recently, there has been a growing body of evidence showing that cellular micrornas (mirnas) are involved in virus-host interactions. numerous studies have focused on analyses of the expression profiles of cellular mirnas, but the expression patterns of dicer, which is responsible for the generation of mirnas, have only rarely been explored in gallus gallus. we developed a duplex realtime reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) assay for the relative quantification of the mrnas o ... | 2013 | 23648851 |
| different quasispecies with great mutations hide in the same subgroup j field strain of avian leukosis virus. | blood samples were collected from a local strain of chickens associated with serious tumor cases in shandong province. the samples were inoculated into chicken embryo fibroblast and df-1 cells for virus isolation and identification, respectively. the inoculated cells were screened for three common chicken tumor viruses. nine strains of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) were identified, and were designated ly1201-ly1209. the env gene from the ly1201 strain was amplified and cloned. all nine ... | 2013 | 23633073 |
| avian leukosis virus subgroup j associated with the outbreak of erythroblastosis in chickens in china. | emaciation, depression and lethargy were observed in two flocks of chinese local breed and one flock of commercial layer chicken infected naturally from 2010 to 2011. the aims of this study were to diagnose. | 2013 | 23521848 |
| development of an antigen-capture elisa for the detection of avian leukosis virus p27 antigen. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-elisa) employing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against p27 was developed for the detection of the avian leukosis virus (alv). the specificity of the optimized ac-elisa was evaluated using avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), avian leukosis virus subgroup a (alv-a), avian leukosis virus subgroup b (alv-b), avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), marek's disease virus (mdv), avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), fowlpo ... | 2013 | 23201286 |
| differential expression of micrornas in avian leukosis virus subgroup j-induced tumors. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) has become pandemic and induced serious clinical outbreaks in chickens in china. in particular, alv-j induced various clinical tumors in infected chickens, which caused enormous economic losses to poultry. in this study, an infectious clone from an epidemic alv-j chinese isolate designated hlj09sh01 was constructed and rescued. the rescued virus (named rhlj09sh01) was inoculated into specific-pathogen-free (spf) layer chickens, and infected chickens were o ... | 2013 | 23157947 |
| a 205-nucleotide deletion in the 3' untranslated region of avian leukosis virus subgroup j, currently emergent in china, contributes to its pathogenicity. | in the past 5 years, an atypical clinical outbreak of avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), which contains a unique 205-nucleotide deletion in its 3' untranslated region (3'utr), has become epidemic in chickens in china. to determine the role of the 205-nucleotide deletion in the pathogenicity of alv-j, a pair of viruses were constructed and rescued. the first virus was an alv-j chinese isolate (designated hlj09sh01) containing the 205-nucleotide deletion in its 3'utr. the second virus was a ... | 2012 | 22993155 |
| response of white leghorn chickens to infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j and infectious bursal disease virus. | the effects of viral-induced immunosuppression on the infectious status (viremia and antibody) and shedding of avian leukosis virus (alv) were studied. experimental white leghorn chickens were inoculated with alv subgroup j (alv-j) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at day of hatch with the alv-j adol prototype strain hcl, the lukert strain of ibdv, or both. appropriate groups were exposed a second time with the lukert strain at 2 wk of age. serum samples were collected at 2 and 4 wk of ... | 2012 | 22545522 |
| full-length genome sequence analysis of four subgroup j avian leukosis virus strains isolated from chickens with clinical hemangioma. | since 2014, cases of hemangioma associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) have been emerging in commercial chickens in guangxi. in this study, four strains of the subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j), named gx14hg01, gx14hg04, gx14lt07, and gx14zs14, were isolated from chickens with clinical hemangioma in 2014 by df-1 cell culture and then identified with elisa detection of alv group specific antigen p27, the detection of subtype specific pcr and indirect immunofluorescence assa ... | 2017 | 28718045 |
| dynamic co-evolution and interaction of avian leukosis virus genetic variants and host immune responses. | subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j), a typical retrovirus, is characterized of existence of a cloud of diverse variants and considerable genetic diversity. previous studies describing the evolutionary dynamics of alv-j genetic variants mainly focused on the early infection period or few randomly selected clones. here, we inoculated 30 specific-pathogen-free chickens with the same founder alv-j stock of known genetic background. six (three antibody positive and three antibody negative) chicke ... | 2017 | 28694798 |
| discovery of novel long non-coding rnas induced by subgroup j avian leukosis virus infection in chicken. | avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus that has led to severe economic losses in the poultry industry in china in recent decades. here, using high throughput transcriptome sequencing of hd11 and cef cells infected with alv-j, a set of 4804 novel long non-coding transcripts and numerous differentially expressed long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) were identified. we also found that they share relatively shorter transcripts and fewer exon numbers compared to mrna. corr ... | 2017 | 28673822 |