| an epidemic of yellow fever in central brazil, 1972-1973. ii. ecological studies. | results of ecological studies undertaken during the 1972-1973 epidemic of yellow fever (yf) in goiás state, brazil, suggest that mosquitoes of the genus haemagogus were the only vectors infected with yf virus. nine isolations of the agent were made from 1,688 haemagogus spp. caught within or near forests from 27 january to 3 march 1973. seven of these isolations cane from mosquitoes collected on the forest floor. no yf virus isolation was made from 791 haemagogus leucocelaenus or 1,096 sabethes ... | 1981 | 6111231 |
| seasonal abundance, biting cycle and parity of the mosquito haemagogus leucocelaenus in trinidad, west indies. | adult female populations of haemagogus leucocelaenus (dyar and shannon), the sylvan vector of yellow fever, were monitored weekly during 1981-82 by human collectors on the ground at point gourde in chaguaramas forest, 16 km west of port of spain, trinidad. hg.leucocelaenus showed only diurnal landing activity, from 06.00 to 18.00 hours (sunrise to sunset, universal time), with a single peak of activity between 10.00 and 14.00 hours. densities of hg.leucocelaenus during the wet season (may-novemb ... | 1995 | 8541586 |
| isolations of yellow fever virus from haemagogus leucocelaenus in rio grande do sul state, brazil. | following howling monkey (alouatta caraya) deaths and yellow fever (yf) antigen detection by immunohistochemistry in the liver sample of a dead monkey in april and may 2001 in the municipalities of garruchos and santo antônio das missões, rio grande do sul state, brazil, epidemiological field investigations were initiated. two strains of yf virus were isolated in suckling mice from 23 haemagogus (conopostegus) leucocelaenus dyar & shannon mosquitoes collected from the study sites. the yf virus w ... | 2003 | 12892055 |
| [mosquito (diptera, culicidae) ecology in the iguaçu national park, brazil: 1 habitat distribution]. | a study of the mosquito fauna in the iguaçu national park focused on population behavior in four biotopes with different types of plant cover inside the park. systematic bimonthly diurnal and nocturnal human bait and shannon trap captures were conducted in both forest and domiciliary environments over the course of 24 months. a total of 20,273 adult mosquito specimens belonging to 44 species were collected: ochlerotatus serratus (10.3%), haemagogus leucocelaenus (9.7%), mansonia titillans (9.6%) ... | 2003 | 12973575 |
| entomological investigation of a sylvatic yellow fever area in são paulo state, brazil. | following reports of two autochthonous cases of sylvatic yellow fever in the state of são paulo, brazil, in 2000, entomological surveys were conducted with the objective of verifying the occurrence of vector species in forest environments close to or associated with riparian areas located in the western and northwestern regions of the state. culicidae were captured in 39 sites distributed in four regions. haemagogus leucocelaenus and aedes albopictus were the most abundant species and were captu ... | 2005 | 16021266 |
| [finding of haemagogus (conopostegus) leucocelaenus (diptera: culicidae), in the municipality of porto alegre, state of rio grande do sul]. | in november 2006, an entomological investigation was carried out in a native forest in the municipality of porto alegre, state of rio grande do sul. the result was the capture of several culicidae species, including the first recording of the presence of haemagogus leucocelaenus in this locality. this species is considered to be a vector for the yellow fever virus in some municipalities of this state, and this was the motivation for the present communication, in order to warn regarding the poten ... | 2007 | 17876479 |
| feeding patterns of haemagogus capricornii and haemagogus leucocelaenus (diptera: culicidae) in two brazilian states (rio de janeiro and goiás). | we present the identification of bloodfeeding sources of haemagogus (haemagogus) capricornii lutz and haemagogus (conopostegus) leucocelaenus (dyar & shannon) (diptera: culicidae) from different regions of brazil, as analyzed by precipitin tests. anti-sera for bird, bovine, equine, human, opossum, and rodent were used. two hundred one mosquitoes were examined (147 hg. leucocelaenus and 54 hg. capricornii), of which 177 reacted for some anti-serum. for hg. leucocelaenus, 86 (68.3%) reacted to one ... | 2008 | 18826029 |
| seasonal variation of potential flavivirus vectors in an urban biological reserve in northeastern brazil. | although yellow fever (yf) has not been reported on the eastern coast of brazil since 1942, there was a reemergence of dengue fever in brazil in 1987 due to the reintroduction of aedes aegypti (l.). to assess areas of potential risk for transmission of vector-borne diseases, a surveillance system was placed in a large atlantic forest reserve in natal, rio grande do norte, brazil, where in 2004 unexplained epizootics were reported among marmosets. the etiologic agent causing the mortality in marm ... | 2009 | 19960696 |
| mosquitoes infected with dengue viruses in brazil. | dengue epidemics have been reported in brazil since 1985. the scenery has worsened in the last decade because several serotypes are circulating and producing a hyper-endemic situation, with an increase of dhf/dss cases as well as the number of fatalities. herein, we report dengue virus surveillance in mosquitoes using a flavivirus genus-specific rt-hemi-nested-pcr assay. the mosquitoes (culicidae, n = 1700) collected in the northeast, southeast and south of brazil, between 1999 and 2005, were gr ... | 2010 | 20624314 |
| yellow fever virus in haemagogus leucocelaenus and aedes serratus mosquitoes, southern brazil, 2008. | yellow fever virus (yfv) was isolated from haemagogus leucocelaenus mosquitoes during an epizootic in 2001 in the rio grande do sul state in southern brazil. in october 2008, a yellow fever outbreak was reported there, with nonhuman primate deaths and human cases. this latter outbreak led to intensification of surveillance measures for early detection of yfv and support for vaccination programs. we report entomologic surveillance in 2 municipalities that recorded nonhuman primate deaths. mosquit ... | 2010 | 21122222 |
| Yellow fever outbreak affecting Alouatta populations in southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul State), 2008-2009. | The natural transmission cycle of Yellow Fever (YF) involves tree hole breeding mosquitoes and a wide array of nonhuman primates (NHP), including monkeys and apes. Some Neotropical monkeys (howler monkeys, genus Alouatta) develop fatal YF virus (YFV) infections similar to those reported in humans, even with minimum exposure to the infection. Epizootics in wild primates may be indicating YFV circulation, and the surveillance of such outbreaks in wildlife is an important tool to help prevent human ... | 2012 | 22020690 |
| a comparative study of the effect of multiple immersions on aedini (diptera: culicidae) mosquito eggs with emphasis on sylvan vectors of yellow fever virus. | the effect of multiple immersions on haemagogus janthinomys , haemagogus leucocelaenus , aedes albopictus and ochlerotatus terrens eggs was studied. eggs were collected in april, june, october and december of 2011 in minas gerais, brazil. most of the aedes and ochlerotatus eggs hatched upon the first immersion, while haemagogus eggs showed a varied instalment hatching response. the number of immersions required for hatching increased for eggs collected closer to the dry winter season. | 2013 | 24626304 |
| haemagogus leucocelaenus and other mosquitoes potentially associated with sylvatic yellow fever in cantareira state park in the são paulo metropolitan area, brazil. | the aim of this work was to investigate whether haemagogus leucocelaenus and other mosquito species associated with sylvatic transmission of yellow fever virus are present in cantareira state park (csp) in the são paulo metropolitan area (spma). from october 2015 to march 2016, adult mosquitoes were captured with the centers for disease control and prevention traps, manual battery-powered aspirators, and shannon traps; larvae and pupae were collected in natural and artificial breeding sites. a t ... | 2016 | 28206862 |
| diversity of yellow fever mosquito vectors in the atlantic forest of rio de janeiro, brazil. | environmental modifications caused by human activities have led to changes in mosquito vector populations, and sylvatic species have adapted to breeding in urban areas. | 2017 | 27384833 |
| vertical oviposition activity of mosquitoes in the atlantic forest of brazil with emphasis on the sylvan vector, haemagogus leucocelaenus (diptera: culicidae). | this study aimed to assess the vertical patterns of oviposition and temporal changes in the distribution of mosquito species in an area of the atlantic forest in rio de janeiro state, brazil, and in particular, the behavior and oviposition of potential yellow fever virus vectors. mosquito samples were collected from the ecological reserve guapiaçu (regua, brazil), which includes a somewhat disturbed forest, with a large diversity of plants and animals. in all, 5,458 specimens (ten species from s ... | 2016 | 27232120 |
| [yellow fever: reemerging in the state of sao paulo, brazil, 2009]. | to describe the investigation of a sylvatic yellow fever outbreak in the state of sao paulo and the main control measures undertaken. | 2013 | 24626492 |
| flight height preference for oviposition of mosquito (diptera: culicidae) vectors of sylvatic yellow fever virus near the hydroelectric reservoir of simplício, minas gerais, brazil. | in this study, the oviposition behavior of mosquito species exhibiting acrodendrophilic habits was investigated. the study was conducted near the simplicio hydroelectic reservoir (shr) located on the border of the states of minas gerais and rio de janeiro, brazil. samples were collected using oviposition traps installed in forest vegetation cover between 1.70 and 4.30 m above ground level during the months of april, june, august, october, and december of 2011. haemagogus janthinomys (dyar), haem ... | 2013 | 23926776 |
| mosquito communities in nova iguaçu natural park, rio de janeiro, brazil. | abstract. in order to gather information on the culicid fauna of nova iguaçu municipal park, rio de janeiro, brazil, adult and immature stages were collected with the centers for disease control and prevention miniature light traps, and dippers and suction tubes, respectively. in all, 828 adult and 990 immature specimens were collected belonging to 12 genera. among the species collected were aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. fluviatilis, ae. scapularis, haemagogus leucocelaenus, and psorophora ... | 2014 | 25102590 |
| [scanning electron microscopy of eggs of haemagogus leucocelaenus (diptera: culicidae)]. | to observe morphological details of the eggs of haemagogus (conopostegus) leucocelaenus, seen for the first time via scanning electron microscopy (sem), with morphometric analysis of the main structures. | 2003 | 14569344 |
| immature mosquitoes in bamboo internodes in municipal parks, city of são paulo, brazil. | we conducted an inventory of the mosquito fauna of the internodes of bamboo plants grown in municipal parks in the city of são paulo, brazil. during october 2010 to july 2013, a total of 8,541 immature stages belonging to 21 mosquito species were collected from bamboos over 61 municipal parks. of these, aedes albopictus was the most abundant species followed by ae. aegypti found in broken bamboos in most parks. the former species was 7.2 times more abundant than the latter when both species shar ... | 2014 | 25843132 |
| ecological aspects of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in the gallery forest of brasília national park, brazil, with an emphasis on potential vectors of yellow fever. | we analyzed the vertical and monthly distributions of culicid species in the gallery forest of brasília national park, with an emphasis on the potential vectors of yellow fever (yf). | 2014 | 24142367 |
| evaluation of mosquito (diptera: culicidae) species richness using two sampling methods in the hydroelectric reservoir of simplício, minas gerais, brazil. | we compared two types of light traps used for monitoring mosquito abundance in the hydroelectric reservoir of simplício, além paraíba - minas gerais. mosquitoes were captured bimonthly using automatic cdc and shannon traps before the filling of the hydroelectric plant reservoir from december 2008 to december 2009. in total, 1474 specimens from 13 genera were captured. among the captured specimens, several species known to be vectors of disease-causing agents for humans and/or animals were identi ... | 2012 | 22468830 |
| feeding patterns of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in six brazilian environmental preservation areas. | feeding patterns of mosquitoes in six brazilian environmental preservation areas were analyzed by the precipitin technique. the mosquito populations were captured using shannon traps during different time periods. bird, cow, dog, horse, opossum, human, and rodent antisera diagnostic tests were employed and results were analyzed by calculating the sørensen similarity index and using the null-model test. of the 647 analyzed specimens, 443 reacted to the utilized antisera, of which 331 reacted to o ... | 2012 | 23181858 |
| high risk for chikungunya virus to initiate an enzootic sylvatic cycle in the tropical americas. | chikungunya virus (chikv) has dispersed in the americas since 2013, and its range of distribution has overlapped large forested areas. herein, we assess vector competence of two sylvatic neotropical mosquito species, haemagogus leucocelaenus and aedes terrens, to evaluate the risk of chikv to initiate a sylvatic cycle in the continent. | 2017 | 28662031 |
| tree hole mosquito species composition and relative abundances differ between urban and adjacent forest habitats in northwestern argentina. | water-holding tree holes are main larval habitats for many pathogen vectors, especially mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). along 3 years, the diversity and composition of mosquito species in tree holes of two neighbouring but completely different environments, a city and its adjacent forest, were compared using generalized linear mixed models, permanova, simper and species association indexes. the city area (northwest argentina) is highly relevant epidemiologically due to the presence of aedes aeg ... | 2017 | 28770688 |
| potential risk of re-emergence of urban transmission of yellow fever virus in brazil facilitated by competent aedes populations. | yellow fever virus (yfv) causing a deadly viral disease is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. in brazil, yfv is restricted to a forest cycle maintained between non-human primates and forest-canopy mosquitoes, where humans can be tangentially infected. since late 2016, a growing number of human cases have been reported in southeastern brazil at the gates of the most populated areas of south america, the atlantic coast, with rio de janeiro state hosting nearly 16 million people. we sh ... | 2017 | 28687779 |
| mosquito species occurrence in association with landscape composition in green urban areas. | aedes aegypti prefers densely populated habitats, but has been shown to explore less anthropogenic environments. we investigated composition of the abundance of mosquitoes in forested areas and assessed relationships between species occurrences and different types of land use and land cover at three spatial scales (100m, 500m and 1000m). mosquitoes were collected from october 2012 to march 2013 using oviposition traps. we collected 4,179 mosquitoes in total including at least 10 species. aedes a ... | 2017 | 28793030 |
| diversity of mosquitoes at the itatiaia national park, state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | a temporal observational study was conducted with the aim of characterizing culicidae richness, diversity, abundance, and species similarity in fragments of atlantic forest within the itatiaia national park, state of rio de janeiro, brazil. a total of 31 mosquito species were collected in 2 sampling stations, during the day and night, and the abundance index and dominance coefficient for each species were calculated. the results showed that the culicid density was higher during the day, and the ... | 2017 | 29369024 |
| release-recapture experiments with canopy mosquitoes in the genera haemagogus and sabethes (diptera: culicidae) in brazilian amazonia. | in 2 forested areas near belém (para state, brazil), 2 haemagogus and 6 sabethes species were marked released and recaptured in may 1989 and in april 1993. the recapture rates were high, 4.9 and 13.1% for haemagogus and sabethes spp., respectively. for haemagogus janthinomys dyar, females were recaptured until 27 d after release. the duration of the gonotrophic cycle was between 5.0 and 9.5 d and the survival rate was 0.90-0.92. haemagogus leucocelaenus (dyar & shannon) was recaptured once, 21 d ... | 1998 | 9835682 |
| oviposition behavior of haemagogus leucocelaenus (diptera: culicidae), a vector of wild yellow fever in brazil. | haemagogus leucocelaenus, which is considered a major vector of wild yellow fever, exhibits acrodendrophilic habits and mainly deposits its eggs in treeholes and bamboo internodes. the selection of nursery sites is essential in the life history and reproductive success of mosquitoes. the present work investigated the preferred oviposition height and period of hg. leucocelaenus in an atlantic forest area in rio de janeiro. sampling was performed using oviposition traps that were placed on plant m ... | 2017 | 28793027 |
| seasonal incidence and diel oviposition periodicity of haemagogus mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in trinidad, w.i. part iii. haemagogus celeste (dyar and nunez tovar) and haemagogus leucocelaenus (dyar and shannon). | the seasonal incidence and diel oviposition patterns of sylvan haemagogus celeste and hg. leucocelaenus in the pt. gourde forest, trinidad, were monitored weekly for 53 consecutive weeks using conventional ovitraps. during the dry season peak oviposition by hg. celeste occurred between 10.00 and 12.00 hours, and that by hg. leucocelaenus between 12.00 and 14.00 hours; during the wet season peak oviposition by both species occurred between 12.00 and 14.00 hours. diurnal patterns of oviposition we ... | 1991 | 1687308 |
| haemagogus leucocelaenus and haemagogus janthinomys are the primary vectors in the major yellow fever outbreak in brazil, 2016-2018. | the yellow fever virus (yfv) caused a severe outbreak in brazil in 2016-2018 that rapidly spread across the atlantic forest in its most populated region without viral circulation for almost 80 years. a comprehensive entomological survey combining analysis of distribution, abundance and yfv natural infection in mosquitoes captured before and during the outbreak was conducted in 44 municipalities of five brazilian states. in total, 17,662 mosquitoes of 89 species were collected. before evidence of ... | 2019 | 30866775 |
| evaluation of multiple immersion effects on eggs from haemagogus leucocelaenus, haemagogus janthinomys, and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) under experimental conditions. | studies on the bioecology of haemagogus leucocelaenus dyar and shannon 1924, haemagogus janthinomys dyar 1921, aedes albopictus skuse 1895 (diptera: culicidae) mosquitos are extremely important from an epidemiologic point of view, as they are known to be vectors of many important pathogens and, therefore, act as the main factor responsible for the maintenance of several zoonoses natural cycles. the present work aimed to elucidate their seasonal egg-hatching rate using the immersion method. ovitr ... | 2018 | 29846652 |
| distribution of the mosquito communities (diptera: culicidae) in oviposition traps introduced into the atlantic forest in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | the atlantic rainforest of south america is one of the major biodiversity hotspots of the world and serves as a place of residence for a wide variety of culicidae species. mosquito studies in the natural environment are of considerable importance because of their role in transmitting pathogens to both humans and other vertebrates. community diversity can have significant effects on the risk of their disease transmission. the objective of this study was to understand the distribution of mosquito ... | 2018 | 29595406 |
| predicting yellow fever through species distribution modeling of virus, vector, and monkeys. | mapping yellow fever (yf) risk is often based on place of infection of human cases, whereas the circulation between nonhuman primates (nhp) and vectors is neglected. in 2008/2009, yf devastated nhp at the southern limit of the disease in the americas. in view of the recent expansion of yf in brazil, we modeled the environmental suitability for yf with data from 2008/2009 epizootic, the distribution of nhp (alouatta spp.), and the mosquito (haemagogus leucocelaenus) using the maximum entropy algo ... | 2019 | 30560394 |