| development of a highly sensitive screen for influenza a in guano and its application in the search for ancient rna preserved under antarctic adelie penguin colonies. | we have developed a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based assay to detect influenza a in guano samples as part of our program to investigate ancient viral rna from under antarctic adelie penguin (pygoscelis adeliae) colonies. of five extraction protocols tested (rneasy, gtc trizol, gtc silica, rnaid, and agpc), agpc proved to be the most consistent and sensitive to low concentrations of influenza, but further purification with commercial viral nucleic acid spin filter sy ... | 2003 | 14575142 |
| virological studies of adelie penguins (pygoscelis adeliae) in antarctica. | serum antibodies to influenza virus hemagglutinin 7, newcastle disease virus (ndv), and avian paramyxoviruses were detected in adelie penguin colonies in antarctica. infection with ndv and avian influenza virus was confined to particular colonies, whereas antibodies to the paramyxoviruses were detected in all seven colonies samples. two avian paramyxoviruses were also isolated fromcloacal swabs. results of serological tests must be interpreted with caution, as little as known about the persisten ... | 1981 | 7039589 |
| evidence for the introduction, reassortment, and persistence of diverse influenza a viruses in antarctica. | avian influenza virus (aiv) surveillance in antarctica during 2013 revealed the prevalence of evolutionarily distinct influenza viruses of the h11n2 subtype in adélie penguins. here we present results from the continued surveillance of aiv on the antarctic peninsula during 2014 and 2015. in addition to the continued detection of h11 subtype viruses in a snowy sheathbill during 2014, we isolated a novel h5n5 subtype virus from a chinstrap penguin during 2015. gene sequencing and phylogenetic anal ... | 2016 | 27535050 |
| detection of evolutionarily distinct avian influenza a viruses in antarctica. | abstract distinct lineages of avian influenza viruses (aivs) are harbored by spatially segregated birds, yet significant surveillance gaps exist around the globe. virtually nothing is known from the antarctic. using virus culture, molecular analysis, full genome sequencing, and serology of samples from adélie penguins in antarctica, we confirmed infection by h11n2 subtype aivs. their genetic segments were distinct from all known contemporary influenza viruses, including south american aivs, sugg ... | 2014 | 24803521 |
| identification of an avian polyomavirus associated with adélie penguins (pygoscelis adeliae). | little is known about viruses associated with antarctic animals, although they are probably widespread. we recovered a novel polyomavirus from adélie penguin (pygoscelis adeliae) faecal matter sampled in a subcolony at cape royds, ross island, antarctica. the 4988 nt adélie penguin polyomavirus (adpyv) has a typical polyomavirus genome organization with three orfs that encoded capsid proteins on the one strand and two non-structural protein-coding orfs on the complementary strand. the genome of ... | 2015 | 25537375 |
| evidence of ortho- and paramyxoviruses in fauna from antarctica. | serum antibodies to influenza a viruses and paramyxoviruses were detected in adelie penguin (pysoscelis adeliae) and antarctic skua (stercorarius skua maccormicki) sera in the ross sea dependency. an avian paramyxovirus was isolated from a penguin cloacal swab. | 1993 | 8258855 |