| isolation of avian influenza viruses from two different transhemispheric migratory shorebird species in australia. | shorebirds on their southerly migration from siberia to australia, may pass through asian regions currently experiencing outbreaks of highly pathogenic h5n1 influenza. to test for the presence of avian influenza viruses in migratory shorebirds arriving in australia during spring 2004, 173 cloacal swabs were collected from six species. ten swabs were positive for influenza a, with h4n8 viruses detected in five red-necked stints and h11n9 viruses detected in five sharp-tailed sandpipers. no h5n1 v ... | 2006 | 16732420 |
| H4N8 subtype avian influenza virus isolated from shorebirds contains a unique PB1 gene and causes severe respiratory disease in mice. | H4N8 subtype avian influenza viruses were isolated from shorebirds in eastern Hokkaido. All the isolates shared >99.7% nucleotide homology, and all the viral genes except for PB1 were highly related to those of A/red-necked stint/Australia/1/04. Thus, the isolates were regarded as PB1 reassortants. The most similar PB1 gene was identified in A/mallard/New Zealand/1615-17/04 (H4N6) with nucleotide homology of 90.9%. BALB/c mice intranasally inoculated with the H4N8 isolates developed severe respi ... | 2011 | 22192630 |
| surveillance of charadriiformes in northern australia shows species variations in exposure to avian influenza virus and suggests negligible virus prevalence. | the virologic surveillance of 4248 charadriiformes since 1992 primarily from coastal northwest australia did not detect any evidence of avian influenza virus (aiv) excretion (test prevalence = 0%; 95% confidence interval [ci]: 0%-0.09%). past exposure to aiv was evident from serologic testing using nucleoprotein (np) competitive-elisa (c-elisa) with an overall seroprevalence of 8.8% (95% ci: 8%-9.7%). the c-elisa seroprevalence of family scolopacidae and genus numenius was significantly higher w ... | 2014 | 25055621 |
| purifying selection and concerted evolution of rna-sensing toll-like receptors in migratory waders. | migratory birds encounter a broad range of pathogens during their journeys, making them ideal models for studying immune gene evolution. despite the potential value of these species to immunoecology and disease epidemiology, previous studies have typically focused on their adaptive immune gene repertoires. in this study, we examined the evolution of innate immune genes in three long-distance migratory waders (order charadriiformes). we analysed two parts of the extracellular domains of two toll- ... | 2017 | 28528860 |