| genetics and infectivity of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from chickens and wild birds in japan during 2010-11. | outbreaks of h5n1 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) were recorded in chickens, domesticated birds and wild birds throughout japan from november 2010 to march 2011. genetic analysis of the japanese isolates indicated that all gene segments, except the pa gene, were closely related to japanese wild bird isolates in 2008 and belonged to clade 2.3.2.1 classified by the who/oie/fao h5n1 evolution working group. direct ancestors of the pa gene segment of all japanese viruses anal ... | 2012 | 23000396 |
| pathogenicity of an h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated in the 2010-2011 winter in japan to mandarin ducks. | widespread outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) caused by h5n1 viruses occurred in wild birds in japan from 2010-2011. forty out of 63 deceased wild birds belonged to the order anseriformes, and mandarin duck was one of the dominant species. to estimate the risk of mandarin ducks as a source of virus infection in the environment, we examined the pathogenicity of a causal h5n1 hpai virus to mandarin ducks. about half of the mandarin ducks died by inoculation with 10(7.0)tcid50 of ... | 2013 | 23318574 |
| characterization of clade 2.3.2.1 h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from wild birds (mandarin duck and eurasian eagle owl) in 2010 in korea. | starting in late november 2010, the h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus was isolated from many types of wild ducks and raptors and was subsequently isolated from poultry in korea. we assessed the genetic and pathogenic properties of the hpai viruses isolated from a fecal sample from a mandarin duck and a dead eurasian eagle owl, the most affected wild bird species during the 2010/2011 hpai outbreak in korea. these viruses have similar genetic backgrounds and exhibited the highest ... | 2013 | 23611846 |
| surveillance and isolation of hpai h5n1 from wild mandarin ducks (aix galericulata). | highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 virus circulates among a variety of free-ranging wild birds and continually poses a threat to animal and human health. during the winter of 2010-2011, we surveyed korean wild bird habitats. from 728 fresh fecal samples, 14 hpai h5n1 viruses were identified. the isolates phylogenetically clustered with other recently isolated clade 2.3.2 hpai h5n1 viruses isolated from wild birds in mongolia. all hpai-positive fecal samples were analyzed by dna barcod ... | 2011 | 22102673 |
| characterisation of a highly pathogenic h5n1 clade 2.3.2 influenza virus isolated from swans in shanghai, china. | in spring 2009, one strain of h5n1 clade 2.3.2 virus was isolated from wild swans in shanghai, indicating the importance of the wild swan in the ecology of this highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) in eastern china. pathogenicity experiments conducted in this study indicated that the virus was highly pathogenic for chickens but lowly pathogenic for mammalian hosts, as evidenced by reduced infection of mice. the analysis of complete genome sequences and genetic evolution showed that a/ ... | 2011 | 21904849 |
| variability in pathobiology of south korean h5n1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus infection for 5 species of migratory waterfowl. | the pathobiology of h5n1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza (hpai) virus infection in wild waterfowl is poorly understood. this study examined the pathobiology of a/chicken/korea/is/06 (h5n1) hpai in 5 migratory waterfowl species--mute swans (cygnus olor), greylag geese (anser anser), ruddy shelducks (tadorna ferruginea), mandarin ducks (aix galericulata), and mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos)--following intranasal inoculation or contact exposure, from which all birds became infected. in mute s ... | 2010 | 20382820 |
| experimental infection of mandarin duck with highly pathogenic avian influenza a (h5n8 and h5n1) viruses. | a highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n8 virus was first detected in poultry and wild birds in south korea in january 2014. here, we determined the pathogenicity and transmissibility of three different clades of h5 viruses in mandarin ducks to examine the potential for wild bird infection. h5n8 (clade 2.3.4.4) replicated more efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tract of mandarin ducks than two previously identified h5n1 virus clades (clades 2.2 and 2.3.2.1). however, none of th ... | 2017 | 28062008 |