| the development of a rapid sybr green i-based quantitative pcr for detection of duck circovirus. | this report describes a one-step real-time polymerase chain reaction assay based on sybr green i for detection of a broad range of duck circovirus (ducv). align with all ducv complete genome sequences and other genus circovirus download from the genbank (such as goose circovirus, pigeon circovirus), the primers targets to the replicate gene of ducv were designed. the detection assay was linear in the range of 1.31 × 102-1.31 × 107 copies/μl. the reaction efficiency of the assay using the slope ( ... | 2011 | 21978576 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against muscovy duck reovirus sigmab protein. | the sigmab protein of muscovy duck reovirus (drv), one of the major structural proteins, is able to induce neutralizing antibody in ducks, but the monoclonal antibody (mab) against sigmab protein has never been characterized. | 2010 | 20569474 |
| [the cell apoptosis induced by duck reovirus in duck embryo fibroblasts]. | cell apoptosis induced by duck reovirus (drv)in duck embryo fibroblasts (def) was ascertained by light microscope and electron microscopy, dna ladder, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. typical morphological apoptotic features including cell shrinkage and condensation, margination of nuclear chromatin were observed under light microscope and the formation of apoptotic bodies by electron microscopy. dna ladder was shown by dna fragment analysis at 24-144h post infection. flow cytometry sh ... | 2008 | 18683559 |
| characterization of m-class genome segments of muscovy duck reovirus s14. | this report documents the first sequence analysis of the entire m1, m2, and m3 genome segments of the muscovy duck reovirus (drv) s14. the complete sequence of each of the three m gene segments was determined. the m1 genome segment was 2283 nucleotides in length and was predicted to encode mua protein of 732 residues. the escherichia coli expressed m1 transcripts generated a 108kda protein, as expected for mua. a cleavage product of mua, mua1, could be detected by western blotting with duck anti ... | 2007 | 17218035 |
| expression of the c-terminal orf2 protein of duck astrovirus for application in a serological test. | duck astrovirus (dastv) is an important pathogen causing duck viral hepatitis (dvh), a highly contagious and fatal disease in young ducklings. to provide an antigen for a diagnostic serum test, the c-terminus of dastv orf2 protein was expressed in escherichia coli. four positive and 30 negative sera were used to validate the purified orf2 protein by developing an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). no cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatit ... | 2010 | 20863856 |
| structural and biological characteristics of reoviruses isolated from muscovy ducks (cairina moschata). | two muscovy duck reoviruses, strains y1/79 and 1625/87, were investigated with regard to their genome organization, polypeptide pattern, serotype specificity, and pathogenicity. electrophoretic analysis of the genome revealed the migration pattern of avian reoviruses. in spite of general conformity, great polymorphism was detected in the electrophoretic mobility of individual genome segments of the two strains sharing only three segments of identical size (l1, m2, m3). only one segment (m3) migr ... | 1992 | 18670963 |
| baculovirus-expressed muscovy duck reovirus sigmac protein induces serum neutralizing antibodies and protection against challenge. | recombinant baculoviruses with sigmac- or sigmab-encoding gene from muscovy duck reovirus (drv) were constructed. western-blot analysis showed that sigmac was more immunoreactive than sigmab. vaccination of spf ducks with two injections, 3 weeks apart, of emulsions containing sigmac or sigmac + sigmab elicited drv-specific neutralizing antibodies. following challenge, vaccination partially--or even totally in some cases--prevented the appearance of clinical symptoms. moreover, immunization reduc ... | 2002 | 12163262 |
| the goose reovirus genome segment encoding the minor outer capsid protein, sigma1/sigmac, is bicistronic and shares structural similarities with its counterpart in muscovy duck reovirus. | reoviruses have recently been shown to be associated with disease in young geese and to be involved in epizooties of severe outcome in hungary. to assess the genetic variability among these pathogenic goose reoviruses (grvs), we sequenced the s4 genome segment of five grv strains isolated from different diseased flocks. we found that the grv s4 genome segment, consisting of two partially overlapping open reading frames (orfs), shares substantial structural similarity with its counterpart in musc ... | 2005 | 16175334 |
| serological studies with reoviruses in chickens, turkeys and ducks. | fluorescent antibody (fa) studies with avian reoviruses in chickens, turkeys and ducks are described. detection of the group-specific antigen by fa test was investigated by titrating a reovirus antiserum on chick embryo liver cell cultures infected with 18 reovirus strains fixed on multitest slides. with 16 of the viruses, test titres were similar, indicating presence of a common antigen. the titre observed with a duck reovirus isolate was considerably lower, suggesting partial cross-reactivity. ... | 1987 | 3119679 |
| histological data associated with muscovy duck reovirus infection. | | 1988 | 2845626 |
| development and evaluation of a das-elisa for rapid detection of tembusu virus using monoclonal antibodies against the envelope protein. | since april 2010, tembusu virus (tmuv) which is a contagious pathogen of waterfowls, causing symptoms of high fever, loss of appetite and fall in egg production, has been reported in east of china. a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (das-elisa) which detects for tmuv was developed, using two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the tmuv envelope (e) protein. balb/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant e protein expressed in e. coli. three hybridoma cell lines d ... | 2014 | 24797141 |
| dietary administration of bacillus subtilis enhances growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in cherry valley ducks. | given the promising results of applying bacillus subtilis (b.subtilis) as a probiotic in both humans and animals, the aim of this study was to systematically investigate the effects of b. subtilis on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in cherry valley ducks. at 28 d post-hatch (dph), ducks fed a diet with b. subtilis weighed significantly more, had higher relative immune organ weights (e.g., bursa of fabricius, thymus, and spleen), and exhibited greater villus heights, vi ... | 2016 | 28008328 |
| sequence analysis of the s3 gene from a turkey reovirus. | the deduced sigma-2 protein sequence from the s3 gene segment of a novel turkey reovirus, designated nc98, isolated from the bursa of birds exhibiting poult enteritis and mortality syndrome was determined. the isolate, serologically distinct from other avian reoviruses, was isolated in turkey embryo kidney cells and rna was purified for cdna synthesis. oligonucleotide primers were designed based on conserved avian s3 nucleotide sequence data. the nc98 s3 open reading frame comprised 1,101 base p ... | 2002 | 12206313 |
| characterization of the sigmac-encoding gene from musocvy duck reovirus. | the sigmac-encoding gene of two muscovy duck reovirus (drv) s14 and c4 strains were cloned and completely sequenced. the open reading frame (orf) comprised 810 bp and encoded 269 amino acids with a predicated molecular mass of 29.5 kda. expressed sigmac fusion protein in escherichia coli bl21 strain could be detected by western blotting under duck anti-reovirus polyclonal serum. there are two large gap insertions at the n-terminal part of the drv sigmac when necessary to optimize the alignment o ... | 2006 | 16604448 |
| molecular characterization and expression of the s3 gene of muscovy duck reovirus strain 89026. | although reovirus infection is one of the major virus diseases of muscovy ducks in france, no vaccine is available and nothing is known about the structure and function of the genes and proteins of the reovirus involved. the complete s3 genome segment of the muscovy duck reovirus strain 89026 has been cloned and the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences are reported here. the s3 genome segment is 1201 bp long and possesses the same terminal motifs (5' gcttttt and tattcatc 3') as the s3 gen ... | 1999 | 9934702 |
| characterization of the sigmab-encoding genes of muscovy duck reovirus: sigmac-sigmab-elisa for antibodies against duck reovirus in ducks. | the sigmab/sigmac-encoding genes of muscovy duck reovirus (drv) s12 strain were cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the sigmac-encoding gene of drv showed only 21-22% identity to that of avian reovirus (arv) at both nucleotide and amino acid level. the sigmab-encoding gene of drv comprised 1163bp with one open reading frame (orf). the orf comprised 1104bp and encoded 367 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 40.44 kda. a zinc-binding motif and a basic amino acid motif ... | 2007 | 17218069 |
| [immunosuppression effect of co-infection with mdrv and h9 aiv on thymus in muscovy ducks]. | to study the immunosuppression effect on the thymus of muscovy ducks after infected with muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) and h9 influenza virus (aiv). | 2011 | 22233063 |
| apoptosis induced by duck reovirus p10.8 protein in primary duck embryonated fibroblast and vero e6 cells. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) is an important poultry pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in ducklings. the mechanisms by which viruses kill susceptible cells, and ultimately produce diseases, in muscovy duck remain poorly understood. in this study, we focused on the biologic functions of the mdrv p10.8 protein in vitro. the p10.8 protein is a small protein of mdrv that is encoded by the first open reading frame of the s4 segment. in our study, the p10.8-encoding gene was individual ... | 2009 | 19848085 |
| molecular detection of muscovy duck parvovirus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. | muscovy duck parvovirus (mdpv) usually causes high morbidity and mortality in 1- to 3-wk-old muscovy ducklings due to serious infections, which is an imminent threat to the commercial duck industry in china. the objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate a simple, rapid, and inexpensive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method for specific detection of mdpv and to compare it with the pcr method in rapidity, sensitivity, and accuracy. the novel lamp assay used a set of 4 sp ... | 2010 | 20181863 |
| Antigenic analysis monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of sB protein of Muscovy duck reovirus. | sB is one of the major structural proteins of Muscovy duck reovirus (DRV), which is able to induce protective immune response in target birds. Four anti-DRV sB MAbs were identified belong to two distinct epitopes, designated A (1E5, 4E3, and 5D8) and B (2F7) (Liu et al., 2010). To understand antigenic determinants of the sB protein, a set of 20 (P1-P20), partially overlapping and consecutive peptides spanning sB were expressed and then screened by MAbs. With Western blot and enzyme-linked immuno ... | 2011 | 22197425 |
| isolation and characterization of a reovirus causing spleen necrosis in pekin ducklings. | high rates of mortality for pekin ducklings have been recorded in several duck farms in china since 2006. dead ducklings were characterized by spleen necrosis, suggesting microbial infection as a cause of disease. laboratory investigations led to the isolation of a virus strain from the spleen tissues of dead ducklings, designated drv-hc. subsequent experimental infections with drv-hc resulted in marked spleen necrosis in the ducklings similar to those observed in the natural outbreaks. electron ... | 2011 | 20970930 |
| muscovy duck reovirus sigmac protein is atypically encoded by the smallest genome segment. | although muscovy duck reovirus (drv) shares properties with the reovirus isolated from chicken, commonly named avian reovirus (arv), the two virus species are antigenically different. similar to the drv sigmab-encoded gene (1201 bp long) previously identified, the three other double-stranded rna small genome segments of drv have been cloned and sequenced. they were 1325, 1191 and 1124 bp long, respectively, and contained conserved terminal sequences common to arvs. they coded for single expressi ... | 2002 | 11961275 |
| gexp analyzer-based multiplex reverse-transcription pcr assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of eleven duck viruses. | duck viral pathogens primarily include the avian influenza virus (aiv) subtypes h5, h7, and h9; duck hepatitis virus (dhv); duck tembusu virus (dtmuv); egg drop syndrome virus (edsv); duck enteritis virus (dev); newcastle disease virus (ndv); duck circovirus (ducv); muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv); and muscovy duck parvovirus (mdpv). these pathogens cause great economic losses to china's duck breeding industry. | 2015 | 26518004 |
| muscovy duck reovirus infection rapidly activates host innate immune signaling and induces an effective antiviral immune response involving critical interferons. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) is a highly pathogenic virus in waterfowl and causes significant economic loss in the poultry industry worldwide. because the host innate immunity plays a key role in defending against virus invasion, more and more attentions have been paid to the immune response triggered by viral infection. here we found that the genomic rna of mdrv was able to rapidly induce the production of interferons (ifns) in host. mechanistically, mdrv infection induced robust expression of ... | 2015 | 25554243 |
| spleen transcriptome profile of muscovy ducklings in response to infection with muscovy duck reovirus. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) causes high morbidity and mortality in ducklings. however, the molecular basis for pathogenesis of this virus remains poorly understood, and the complete genome sequence of muscovy duck is lacking. here we report the transcriptome profile of muscovy ducks in response to mdrv infection. rna sequencing technology was employed to obtain a representative complement of transcripts from the spleen of ducklings, and then differential gene expression was analyzed between mdr ... | 2015 | 26473680 |
| a multiplex pcr for detection of six viruses in ducks. | in this study, six pairs of specific primers that can amplify dna fragments of different sizes were designed and synthesized according to viral protein gene sequences published in genbank. then, a multiplex pcr method was established for rapid detection of duck hepatitis virus 1, duck plague virus, duck tembusu virus, muscovy duck parvovirus, muscovy duck reovirus, and duck h9n2 avian influenza virus, and achieve simple and rapid detection of viral diseases in ducks. single pcr was used to confi ... | 2017 | 28728835 |
| occurrence of reovirus infection in muscovy ducks (cairina moschata) in south western poland. | during the summer 2012 an incidence of high mortality, above 44 percent, in two flocks of muscovy ducklings in poland was noted. the clinical signs included considerable weight loss and inability to walk. during the post-mortem evaluations dehydration and enteritis, gouty kidneys as well as hemorrhagic liver and spleen lesions were found. the laboratory diagnosis included agar gel precipitation assay (agp) as well as polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or reverse transcription pcr for the presence o ... | 2014 | 24988856 |
| antigenic analysis of monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of σb protein of avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) causes arthritis, tenosynovitis, runting-stunting syndrome (rss), malabsorption syndrome (mas) and immunosuppression in chickens. σb is one of the major structural proteins of arv, which is able to induce group-specific antibodies against the virus. | 2013 | 24312314 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a classical muscovy duck reovirus isolated in zhejiang, china. | a classical muscovy reovirus was isolated from a sick muscovy duck with white necrotic foci in its liver in zhejiang, china, in 2000. this classical reovirus was propagated in a chicken fibroblast cell line (df-1) with obvious cytopathic effects. its genome was 22,967 bp in length, with approximately 51.41% g+c content and 10 dsrna segments encoding 11 proteins, which formed a 3/3/4 electrophoretic page profile pattern. the length of the genomic segments was similar to those of avian orthoreovir ... | 2013 | 24140560 |
| development of a taqman-based real-time pcr assay for the detection of novel gpv. | the newly emerged disease, duck beak atrophy and dwarfism syndrome (bads), is caused by novel goose parovirus (n-gpv). although n-gpv infection has severe consequences, few methods for detecting this virus have been developed. therefore, the availability of rapid and reliable molecular diagnostic methods would aid future studies of this novel virus. clinical specimens from 138 suspected cases of n-gpv infection and 120 cloacal swabs from breeding ducks were used in this study. the targeted seque ... | 2016 | 27523295 |
| complete genome sequence of an avian reovirus isolated from wild mallard ducks in china. | we report here the complete sequence of novel duck reovirus (n-drv) strain sd12 isolated from diseased wild mallard ducklings in the shandong province of china in 2012. the complete genome consists of 23,420 nucleotide base pairs (bp), including 10 segments ranging from 1,191 bp (s4) to 3,959 bp (l1). | 2014 | 25237015 |
| [the isolation and identification of novel duck reovirus]. | the virus strains were isolated from the liver and spleen of the dead young ducks characterized with symptoms of hemorrhagic-necrotic hepatitis. these isolates could cause the death of muscovy duck-embryo and chick-embryo. 1-day-old birds infected with these isolates had the same character with clinically dead birds and the virus could be isolated from artificially infected birds. these isolates could proliferate in mdef and result in cpe. the virus could proliferate in the cytoplasm in order of ... | 2012 | 22764524 |
| a duck reovirus variant with a unique deletion in the sigma c gene exhibiting high pathogenicity in pekin ducklings. | a novel strain of duck reovirus (drv) associated with a high mortality in pekin ducklings in china, 2013, was isolated and characterized. this strain (designated as hn5d) grew well in vero cells and produced marked cytopathic effects. hn5d contains 10 dsrna genome segments, a typical feature of avian orthoreovirus. following cloning, sequencing, and sequence analysis of the genome segments, a unique deletion of 18 amino acids was found in the sigma c protein of hn5d when compared with that of th ... | 2016 | 26829009 |
| muscovy duck reovirus σns protein triggers autophagy enhancing virus replication. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) causes high morbidity and mortality in muscovy ducklings at 10 days old and can persist in an infected flock until the ducklings of 6 weeks old. it shares common physicochemical properties with avian reovirus (arv) and differs in coding assignment and pathogenicity. the arv p17 protein has been shown to trigger autophagy via activation multiple signaling pathways, which benefits virus replication. since mdrv lacks the p17 protein, whether and how mdrv induces autopha ... | 2017 | 28288679 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of m-class genome segments of novel duck reovirus np03. | we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the entire m1, m2, and m3 genome segments of the novel duck reovirus (ndrv) np03. alignment between the newly determined nucleotide sequences as well as their deduced amino acid sequences and the published sequences of avian reovirus (arv) was carried out with dnastar software. sequence comparison showed that the m2 gene had the most variability among the m-class genes of drv. phylogenetic analysis of the m-class genes of arv strains revealed d ... | 2015 | 25852231 |
| molecular characterization of a novel reovirus isolated from pekin ducklings in china. | the complete genome sequence of a novel duck orthoreovirus, designated drv strain th11(drv-th11), was determined and characterized. the drv-th11 genome is comprised of 23,417 bp and its genome organization is more similar to that of avian orthoreoviruses (arvs) of chicken origin than other reoviruses. the results of comparative sequence analysis and dendrograms based on the µb- and σc-encoding genes indicated that th11 may be derived from the reassortment of arvs and classic muscovy duck reoviru ... | 2015 | 25287130 |
| muscovy duck reovirus p10.8 protein localizes to the nucleus via a nonconventional nuclear localization signal. | it was previously report that the first open reading frame of muscovy duck reocvirus s4 gene encodes a 95-amino-acid protein, designed p10.8, which has no sequence similarity to other known proteins. its amino acid sequence offers no clues about its function. | 2014 | 24564937 |
| genomic characteristics of a novel reovirus from muscovy duckling in china. | a new reovirus was isolated from a sick muscovy duckling with hemorrhagic-necrotic lesions in the liver in zhejiang, china in 2000 and was tentatively denoted a new type of muscovy duck reovirus (n-mdrv zj00m). this reovirus was propagated in a chicken fibroblast cell line (df-1) with obvious cytopathic effects. the reovirus's genome was 23,419 bp in length with an approximately 50% g+c content and 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 proteins. the length of the genomic segments was similar to those of ... | 2014 | 24355531 |
| protective immune responses in ducklings induced by a suicidal dna vaccine of the sigma c gene of novel duck reovirus. | a suicidal dna vaccine based on a semliki forest virus (sfv) replicon was evaluated for the development of a vaccine against novel duck reovirus (ndrv). the sigma c gene of ndrv was cloned and inserted into psca1, an sfv dna-based replicon vector. after transfected into bhk-21 cells, the antigenicity of the sigma c protein was confirmed using an indirect immunofluorescence and western blot assay. immunogenicity was studied in ducklings. the results showed that ndrv-specific antibodies, neutraliz ... | 2015 | 25863968 |
| molecular cloning of peking duck toll-like receptor 3 (dutlr3) gene and its responses to reovirus infection. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) play an important role in detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). among the tlrs, tlr3 is involved in the recognition of double-stranded rna. this study was designed to explore the relationship between dutlr3 and duck reovirus (drv) infection. | 2015 | 26634454 |
| complete sequence of a reovirus associated with necrotic focus formation in the liver and spleen of muscovy ducklings. | the complete sequence of a reovirus, strain 815-12 associated with necrotic focus formation in the liver and spleen of muscovy ducklings in china, was determined and compared with sequences of other duck-, goose-, and chicken-origin reoviruses. the 815-12 genome comprised 22,969 bp with 10 dsrna segments ranging from 1125 bp (s4) to 3958 bp (l1), all of which (except s4) were almost identical in length to the cognate segments of other waterfowl and chicken isolates. detailed analyses revealed th ... | 2013 | 23820048 |
| [gene sequence analysis and prokaryotic expression of sigmab protein of muscovy duck reovirus yb strain]. | muscovy ducks reovirus (drv) is an important pathogen with a high mortality rate in muscovy ducks, the researches in the test and the immunity were useful for the prevention and control of drv infection. in this study, the s3 genes of the three fujian drvs were cloned by rt-pcr and sequencing technology. it was found that drv-yh and yjl were close to avian reovirus (arv) in the genetic distance, with high identities ranged from 94. 6% to 98. 9%, however, the identities of drv-yb strain and refer ... | 2013 | 23757851 |
| analysis of differentially expressed proteins in muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts infected with virulent and attenuated muscovy duck reovirus by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) belongs to the orthoreovirus genus of the reoviridae family, which is a significant poultry pathogen leading to high morbidity and mortality in ducklings. however, the pathogenesis of the virus is not well understood. in the present study, two-dimensional (2d) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) combined with lc-ms-ms was used to identify differentially expressed proteins between muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts (mdef) infected with virulent (mv9710 strain) and ... | 2017 | 29046506 |
| hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in muscovy duck reovirus-infected muscovy ducklings. | to elucidate the effect of hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (hep) on the intestinal mucosal immunity in normal and muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv)-infected muscovy ducklings, 1-day-old healthy muscovy ducklings were pretreated with 0.2g/l hep and/or following by mdrv infection in this study, duodenal samples were respectively collected at 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 21day post-infection, tissue sections were prepared for observation of morphological structure and determination of intestinal parameters (vi ... | 2018 | 28951299 |
| development and application of an indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies to novel duck reovirus. | a novel duck reovirus (n-drv) disease emerged in china in 2000 and it has become an epidemic genotype. a test for detection of virus-specific antibodies in serum samples would be useful for epidemiological investigations. currently, currently, serological assays for n-drv diagnosis are not available. a test for detection of virus-specific antibodies in serum samples would be useful for epidemiological investigations. in this study, a highly sensitive and specific indirect enzyme-linked immunosor ... | 2015 | 25907470 |
| muscovy duck reovirus infection disrupts the composition of intestinal microbiota in muscovy ducklings. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) is highly pathogenic to young muscovy ducklings. although mdrv infection results in ducklings' acute watery diarrhea, the effect of mdrv infection on the composition of host's intestinal microbiota remains poorly understood. this study was conducted to investigate the impacts of mdrv on the composition of muscovy ducklings' intestinal bacterial community. three-day-old muscovy ducklings were inoculated with either the virulent mdrv strain mw9710 or sterile hank's sol ... | 2020 | 31919671 |
| cdc20 and molecular chaperone cct2 and cct5 are required for the muscovy duck reovirus p10.8-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. | this study demonstrates that the muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) p10.8 protein is one of many viral non-structural proteins that induces both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. the p10.8 but not σc is a nuclear targeting protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. our results reveal that p10.8-induced apoptosis in cultured cells occurs by the nucleoporin tpr/p53-dependent and fas/caspase 8-mediated pathways. furthermore, a compelling finding from this study is that the p10.8 and σc p ... | 2019 | 31282373 |
| changes in the small intestine mucosal immune barrier in muscovy ducklings infected with muscovy duck reovirus. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) causes serious immunodeficiency in the intestinal mucosa, although the underlying histopathological mechanisms remain unclear. thus, we investigated the impact of mdrv infection on intestinal morphology using hematoxylin and eosin staining. immune-related cells were also quantified by staining with hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue, and periodic acid-schiff stain, or by immunohistochemistry and cytochemistry for lectin. similarly, cd4+ and cd8+ cells were quantif ... | 2019 | 31176417 |
| molecular characterization of two novel reoviruses isolated from muscovy ducklings in guangdong, china. | novel muscovy duck reovirus (n-mdrv), emerged in southeast china in 2002, which can infect a wide range of waterfowl and induces clinical signs and cytopathic effects that are distinct from those of classical mdrv, and continues to cause high morbidity and 5-50% mortality in ducklings. the present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of two novel reoviruses isolated from muscovy ducklings in guangdong, china. | 2019 | 31077188 |
| impacts of novel duck reovirus infection on the composition of intestinal microbiota of muscovy ducklings. | novel duck reovirus (ndrv) is pathogenic to young ducks, which is characterized by hemorrhagic spots and necrotic foci of the livers and necrotic foci of spleens. however, the effect of ndrv infection on the composition of the host's intestinal microbiota remains poorly understood. in this study, three-day-old muscovy ducklings were inoculated with either the virulent ndrv strain np03 or sterile hank's solution. through illumina miseq sequencing, the whole cecal microbiota of healthy and ndrv in ... | 2019 | 31585153 |
| characterization of a p18 protein in the s1 segment of the novel duck reovirus genome. | novel duck reovirus (ndrv), the prototype strain of avian orthoreoviruses, continues to circulate among ducks. analysis of its genome suggested that a putative second open reading frame in the s1 segment encodes a 162-amino acid nonstructural protein with size of 18 kda, provisionally designated p18. this protein is different from the 17 kda nonstructural protein encoded in the same open reading frame in other avian orthoreoviruses, which is designated p17 and consists of 146 amino acids. there ... | 2020 | 32180419 |
| muscovy duck reovirus enters susceptible cells via a caveolae-mediated endocytosis-like pathway. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) causes immunosuppression and results in high mortality among muscovy ducklings. cell entry is the first step of virus infection and represents a potential therapeutic target. however, very little is known about the mechanism by which mdrv penetrates the cells. the aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of mdrv cell entry and subsequent infection. df-1 and vero cells were pretreated with the inhibitors chlorpromazine (cpz), cytochalasin d, methyl-beta-cyclodex ... | 2020 | 31704247 |
| development of a live attenuated vaccine against muscovy duck reovirus infection. | the muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) is a highly pathogenic virus that causes substantial economic losses in the muscovy duck industry. while mdrv poses a significant threat to muscovy ducklings, no vaccine candidates are available to date to alleviate mdrv infection throughout the world. the present study presents efforts toward establishing an attenuated vaccine for mdrv. for this purpose, a live attenuated vaccine strain named ca was obtained via alternate propagation of the mdrv isolate mw9710 i ... | 2018 | 30420117 |
| induction of a robust immunity response against novel duck reovirus in ducklings using a subunit vaccine of sigma c protein. | novel duck reovirus (ndrv) disease emerged in china in 2011 and continues to cause high morbidity and about 5.0 to 50% mortality in ducklings. currently there are no approved vaccines for the virus. this study aimed to assess the efficacy of a new vaccine created from the baculovirus and sigma c gene against ndrv. in this study, a recombinant baculovirus containing the sigma c gene was constructed, and the purified protein was used as a vaccine candidate in ducklings. the efficacy of sigma c vac ... | 2016 | 27974824 |
| comparative proteomic analysis revealed complex responses to classical/novel duck reovirus infections in the spleen tissue of cairna moschata. | duck reovirus (drv), a member of the genus orthoreovirus in the family reoviridae, was first isolated from muscovy ducks. the disease associated with drv causes great economic losses to the duck industry. however, the responses of duck (cairna moschata) to the classical/novel drv (c/ndrv) infections are largely unknown. to reveal the relationship of pathogenesis and immune response, the proteomes of duck spleen cells under the control and c/ndrv infections were compared. in total, 5986 proteins ... | 2019 | 30339941 |
| endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated mdrv p10.8 protein-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the perk/eif2α pathway. | in this study, the mechanism of muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) p10.8 protein-induced pathogenesis was investigated, with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress. in chicken embryo fibroblasts cell lines (df1), pci-neo-flg-p10.8 protein transfection increased the phosphorylation (p-) levels of perk and eif2α as shown by western blotting analysis and led to the dissociation of bip from perk as shown by co-immunoprecipitation (co-ip) analysis. results of treatment with both er stress activator a ... | 2018 | 29977231 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of hepatic fat metabolism disorder caused by muscovy duck reovirus infection. | the aim of this work was to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying the fatty degeneration of livers infected with muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv), which produces obvious white necrotic foci in the liver. transcriptome data for mdrv-infected muscovy duck livers and control livers were sequenced, assembled, and annotated with illumina® hiseq 2000. the differentially expressed genes were screened and their functions were analysed. we also determined and confirmed the molecular mechanism of the hep ... | 2017 | 28911249 |
| transcriptome analysis of the effects of hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on the lymphocyte homing in muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings. | hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (hep) is a bioactive substance present in the fruiting bodies of h. erinaceus. previously we have shown that hep can repair the intestinal injury caused by muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) infection in muscovy ducklings. to examine the effect of hep on intestine mucosal mdrv immunity and explore its possible mechanisms, an mdrv contact-infection model in the muscovy ducklings was established. transcriptome sequencing analysis was then performed to investigate the me ... | 2019 | 31422190 |
| the diagnosis and successful replication of a clinical case of duck spleen necrosis disease: an experimental co-infection of an emerging unique reovirus and salmonella indiana reveals the roles of each of the pathogens. | duck spleen necrosis disease (dsnd) is an emerging infectious disease that causes significant economic loss in the duck industry. in 2018, a duck reovirus (named drv/gx-y7) and salmonella indiana were both isolated from the spleens and livers of diseased ducks with dsnd in china. the drv/gx-y7 strain could propagate in the vero, lmh, df-1 and def cells with obvious cytopathic effects. the genome of drv/gx-y7 was 23,418 bp in length, contained 10 dsrna segments, ranging from 3959 nt (l1) to 1191 ... | 2020 | 32605746 |
| a taqman-mgb real-time rt-pcr assay with an internal amplification control for rapid detection of muscovy duck reovirus. | a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the detection of muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) rna in clinical samples is described. the assay is based on taqman-mgb technology, consisting of two primers and one probe labeled with the reporter dye 6-carboxyfluorescein that binds selectively to the sigma b-protein gene of mdrv. this technique also includes an internal positive control (ipc). the real-time rt-pcr assay was able to detect mdrvs, whereas other common waterfow ... | 2020 | 32305339 |
| muscovy duck reovirus p10.8 protein induces er stress and apoptosis through the bip/ire1/xbp1 pathway. | in the present study, the mechanisms underlying muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) p10.8 protein-induced er stress and apoptosis in df-1 cells and muscovy duckling hepatic tissues were explored. on the fifth day post-infection, an increase in the mrna levels of binding immunoglobulin protein (bip) and x-box binding protein (xbp1), activation of xbp1/s, and an increase in percentage of apoptotic cells were observed in muscovy duckling livers. the use of er stress inducer tunicamycin and er stress inhib ... | 2019 | 30593373 |
| the pathogenicity of novel duck reovirus in cherry valley ducks. | the novel duck reovirus (ndrv) is an emerging, contagious infection. to better realize the pathogenic mechanism of ndrv in ducks, an infection experiment was conducted. the resulting data demonstrated that typical gross lesions were observed in the infected ducks. ndrv was able to replicate in various tissues, leading to these pathological lesions, especially on the liver and spleen. real-time quantitative pcr showed that the expression of most innate immune-related genes was up-regulated and th ... | 2016 | 27527781 |
| effects of astragalus polysaccharides on intestinal morphology and intestinal immune cells of muscovy ducklings infected with muscovy duck reovirus. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) infection induces serious immunosuppression and intestinal injury in muscovy ducklings with a high morbidity and mortality, and astragalus polysaccharide (aps) pretreatment could efficiently protect ducklings from mdrv infection, although the underlying immunoregulatory mechanisms remain unclear. thus, the objective of this study was to investigate effects of aps on the intestinal mucosal immunity in mdrv-infected muscovy ducklings. a total of 190 1-day-old healthy m ... | 2020 | 33357708 |
| novel duck reovirus exhibits pathogenicity to specific pathogen-free chickens by the subcutaneous route. | to study the pathogenicity of new duck reovirus (ndrv) to chickens, eighty 3-day-old spf chickens were equally divided into two groups. the experimental group was inoculated with a ndrv challenge strain of 100 μl (10-5.00 eld50/0.1 ml) by the subcutaneous (s.c.) route, and the control group was inoculated with 100 μl of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) by the same route. in the experimental group, chickens exhibited introflexion of claws, performing of splits, stunting syndrome, weight lo ... | 2021 | 34083583 |
| functional characterization of duck lsm14a in ifn-β induction. | human lsm14a is a key component of processing body (p-body) assembly that mediates interferon-β (ifn-β) production by sensing viral rna or dna. to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report duck lsm14a (dulsm14a) cloning from duck embryo fibroblasts (defs). full-length dulsm14a encoded 461 amino acids and was highly homologous with chicken and swan goose sequences. more interestingly, the dulsm14a mrna was extensively expressed in all the studied tissues. in defs, dulsm14a was localiz ... | 2017 | 28666650 |
| muscovy duck reovirus promotes virus replication by inhibiting autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathway. | autophagy plays a momentous role in cellular responses against pathogens. however, the influence of the autophagy machinery on muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) infection is not yet confirmed. in this study, it was shown that mdrv infection significantly increased the number of autophagy-like vesicles in df-1 cells under electron microscope and the lc3-i/lc3-ii conversion, which was considered important indicators of autophagy. it was worth noting that the level of autophagy was positively correlated ... | 2020 | 33373883 |
| isolation and characterization of a new goose orthoreovirus causing liver and spleen focal necrosis in geese, china. | since july 2020, an infectious disease characterized by liver and spleen white focal necrosis has been spreading widely through geese farms in many regions of china. a novel goose orthoreovirus (grv), designated grv-gd2020, was isolated from the liver and spleen of dead geese. phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparison revealed that all the genes of grv-gd2020 clustered with other waterfowl-origin orthoreovirus. however, the gene constellation of grv-gd2020 was not similar to that of any part ... | 2021 | 34259392 |
| ddx1 from cherry valley duck mediates signaling pathways and anti-ndrv activity. | novel duck reovirus (ndrv) causes severe economic losses to the duck industry, which is characterized by hemorrhagic spots and necrotic foci of the livers and spleens. dead-box helicase 1 (ddx1) plays a critical role in the innate immune system against viral infection. however, the role of duck ddx1 (duddx1) in anti-rna virus infection, especially in the anti-ndrv infection, has yet to be elucidated. in the present study, the full-length cdna of duddx1 (2223 bp encode 740 amino acids) was firstl ... | 2021 | 33472667 |
| effects of hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings. | to investigate the effects of hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (hep) on immunity in muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv)-infected ducklings and explore its mechanism of action, an mdrv contact-infection model was established. then, we investigated the influence of hep on morphology of main immune organs in mdrv-infected ducklings by he staining, while antioxidant capacity (t-aoc, mda), serum protein levels (tp, alb, glo), complement levels (c3, c4) and antibody levels (iga, igm, igg) were detected. apo ... | 2021 | 33421472 |
| functional characterization of duck tbk1 in ifn-β induction. | traf family member-associated nf-κb activator (tank)-binding kinase 1 (tbk1) serves as hub molecule at the crossroad of multiple signaling pathways of type i interferon (ifn) induction. the importance of tbk1 in innate immunity has been demonstrated in mammalian, however the characterization and function of tbk1 in avian remains largely unknown. in this study, we cloned duck tbk1 (dutbk1) from duck embryo fibroblasts (defs) for the first time, which encoded 729 amino acids and had a high amino a ... | 2018 | 30269029 |
| l2 segment-based phylogenetic relationships among duck reoviruses from china. | duck reovirus; l2 segment sequence; phylogenetic analysis. | 2014 | 25283868 |
| outbreak-associated novel duck reovirus, china, 2011. | | 2012 | 22709408 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against σa protein and cross-reactive epitope identification and application for detection of duck and chicken reovirus infections. | although σa is an important major core protein of duck reovirus (drv), the b-cell epitopes of this protein remain unknown to reseacrhers. six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) (1a7, 3f4, 5d2, 4e2, 3c7, and 2b7) were developed by using prokaryotic-expressed recombinant his-σa protein. five of six mabs (1a7, 3f4, 4e2, 3c7, and 2b7) reacted with his-σa protein in a conformation-independent manner, while 5d2 reacted with σa in a conformation-dependent manner. immunofluorescence assays showed that the mab ... | 2019 | 31500272 |
| the genomic constellation of a novel duck reovirus strain associated with hemorrhagic necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis in muscovy ducklings in fujian, china. | the complete sequence of a reovirus, strain np03 associated with necrotic focus formation in the liver and spleen of muscovy ducklings in fujian province, china in 2009, was determined and compared with sequences of other waterfowl and chicken-origin avian reoviruses (arvs). sequencing of the complete genomes of strain np03 showed that they consisted of 23,418 bp and were divided into 10 segments, ranging from 1191 bp (s4) to 3959 bp (l1) in length, and all segments contained conserved sequences ... | 2020 | 32502523 |