| investigation into the aetiology of runting and stunting syndrome in chickens. | currently, the aetiology of runting and stunting syndrome (rss) in chickens is unknown. the impact of rss on weight gain and microscopic lesions in immunological organs and the duodenum, was investigated in 1-day-old commercial broilers at 12 days following exposure to rss-contaminated litter. furthermore, the presence of the viral nucleic acids of three astroviruses and one parvovirus was analysed by in situ hybridization from days 1 through 5 post exposure. a 70% decrease in weight was observe ... | 2012 | 22845320 |
| emergence of enteric viruses in production chickens is a concern for avian health. | several viruses have been identified in recent years in the intestinal contents of chickens and turkeys with enteric problems, which have been observed in commercial farms worldwide, including brazil. molecular detection of these viruses in brazil can transform to a big threat for poultry production due to risk for intestinal integrity. this disease is characterized by severely delayed growth, low uniformity, lethargy, watery diarrhea, delayed feed consumption, and a decreased conversion rate. c ... | 2014 | 24578633 |
| a metagenomic comparison of endemic viruses from broiler chickens with runting-stunting syndrome and from normal birds. | runting-stunting syndrome (rss) in broiler chickens is an enteric disease that causes significant economic losses to poultry producers worldwide due to elevated feed conversion ratios, decreased body weight during growth, and excessive culling. of specific interest are the viral agents associated with rss which have been difficult to fully characterize to date. past research into the aetiology of rss has implicated a wide variety of rna and dna viruses however, to date, no individual virus has b ... | 2016 | 27215546 |
| chicken parvovirus viral loads in cloacal swabs from malabsorption syndrome-affected and healthy broilers. | chicken parvovirus (chpv) has been associated with malabsorption syndrome (mas) in broilers. however, the participation of this virus in such syndrome is unclear, since it may be detected in diseased and healthy chickens. in the course of these studies, it was argued whether chpv genome loads might be correlated to the occurrence of mas. to check such a hypothesis, a sybr green-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction was developed to detect and quantify chpv genomes. cloacal swabs from 68 b ... | 2016 | 27627905 |
| genetic and phylogenetic analysis of a novel parvovirus isolated from chickens in guangxi, china. | a previously unidentified chicken parvovirus (chpv) strain, associated with runting-stunting syndrome (rss), is now endemic among chickens in china. to explore the genetic diversity of chpv strains, we determined the first complete genome sequence of a novel chpv isolate (gx-ch-pv-7) identified in chickens in guang xi, china, and showed moderate genome sequence similarity to reference strains. analysis showed that the viral genome sequence is 86.4 %-93.9 % identical to those of other chpvs. gene ... | 2016 | 27503240 |
| chicken parvovirus and its associations with malabsorption syndrome. | malabsorption syndrome (mas) is a multifactorial syndrome which is characterized by enteric disorders and reduced growth rates of broilers. such condition is responsible for significant economic losses to the poultry industry. a possible association between chicken parvovirus (chpv) infections and the occurrence of mas has been proposed. however, such association has not to date been elucidated in view that chpv has been detected in healthy as well as in mas-affected chickens. this study aimed t ... | 2016 | 27473992 |
| molecular survey of enteric viruses in commercial chicken farms in korea with a history of enteritis. | several enteric viruses have increasingly received attention as potential causative agents of runting-stunting syndrome (rss) in chickens. a molecular survey was performed to determine the presence of a broad range of enteric viruses, namely chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), chicken parvovirus (chpv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian rotavirus (avrv), avian reovirus (arv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv), in intestinal samples derived from 34 commercial chicken flocks t ... | 2013 | 24135590 |
| congenital cerebellar dysplasia in white leghorn chickens (gallus gallus domesticus). | congenital cerebellar anomalies have been rarely reported in birds. we examined cerebellums with disorganized folia from seven specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens (gallus gallus domesticus). islands of heterotopic cortex were distributed from the deeper cortices to the medulla in the cerebellum. the characteristic lesions were composed of randomly admixed components of the cerebellar cortex, including purkinje cells, a molecular layer and granular cells. immunofluorescent analysis reve ... | 2014 | 24498885 |
| high prevalence of turkey parvovirus in turkey flocks from hungary experiencing enteric disease syndromes. | samples collected in 2008 and 2009, from 49 turkey flocks of 6 to 43 days in age and presenting clinical signs of enteric disease and high mortality, were tested by polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the presence of viruses currently associated with enteric disease (ed) syndromes: astrovirus, reovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, and parvovirus. turkey astroviruses were found in 83.67% of the cases and turkey astrovirus 2 (tast-2) in 26.53%. ... | 2011 | 22017049 |
| naturally occurring parvoviral infection in hungarian broiler flocks. | the major enteric disease (ed) complex in broiler chickens is runting-stunting syndrome and in turkey broilers is poult enteritis mortality syndrome. viruses from numerous families have been identified in the intestinal tracts of poultry with ed, such as astroviridae, coronaviridae, reoviridae, rotaviridae, and parvoviridae. the objective of the present study was to directly demonstrate the presence of the scarcely known chicken parvovirus (chpv) and turkey parvovirus (tupv) in hungarian flocks ... | 2011 | 21500039 |
| parvovirus-associated cerebellar hypoplasia and hydrocephalus in day old broiler chickens. | cerebellar hypoplasia and hydrocephalus were identified in day old broiler chickens showing nervous signs, impaired mobility, and diarrhea. at postmortem examination, brains of chickens were misshapen and cerebellums were smaller than normal. microscopically, cerebellar folia were reduced in size and irregularly shaped, and the ventricles were widely distended. affected cerebellums had focal areas along the base of folia where the internal granular cell layer had been lost, and purkinje cells we ... | 2010 | 20408417 |
| determination and analysis of the full-length chicken parvovirus genome. | viral enteric disease in poultry is an ongoing problem in many parts of the world. many enteric viruses have been identified in turkeys and chickens, including avian astroviruses, rotaviruses, reoviruses, and coronaviruses. through the application of a molecular screening method targeting particle-associated nucleic acid (pan), we recently described the detection and partial characterization of a novel enteric parvovirus in chickens. subsequent surveys of intestinal homogenates from turkeys and ... | 2010 | 20097398 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect chicken parvovirus-specific antibodies. | here we report the development and application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect parvovirus-specific antibodies in chicken sera. we used an approach previously described for other parvoviruses to clone and express viral structural proteins in insect cells from recombinant baculovirus vectors. in baculovirus recombinant-infected sf9 cells, the chicken parvovirus (chpv) structural viral protein 2 (vp2) was detected as an abundant protein, and the 60-kda vp2 strongly reacted ... | 2009 | 20095161 |
| isolation of chicken astrovirus from specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs. | astroviruses have been associated with enteric disorders in many animal species, including chickens. here, we describe the isolation, propagation, and pathological characteristics of chicken astrovirus (castv) in specific pathogen free (spf) chicken embryonated eggs (cee) from chickens with diarrhea and runting-stunting syndrome. the cee were inoculated via the yolk sac route. viral confirmation was carried out using pcr techniques and transmission electron microscopy negative staining with ammo ... | 2015 | 25805833 |
| the genome structure of a new chicken virus identifies it as a parvovirus. | the nucleic acid of chicken parvovirus-like particles showed sensitivity to dnase and s1 nuclease treatment and resistance to digestion with rnase. viral dna readily served as a template for self-primed conversion in vitro into a double-stranded form of about 5200 base pairs. there was no evidence for encapsidation of strands of opposite polarities. these findings confirm the taxonomic classification of chicken parvovirus-like particles as fowl parvovirus type 1 within the parvovirus genus of th ... | 1985 | 2995561 |
| molecular detection of chicken parvovirus in broilers with enteric disorders presenting curving of duodenal loop, pancreatic atrophy, and mesenteritis. | enteric disorders are an important cause of economic losses in broiler chickens worldwide. several agents have been associated with enteric problems, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. in this study, broiler chickens showing signs of enteric disorders were subjected to molecular diagnosis for several viral agents and also for pathological examination for elucidating this problem. thus, the chickens were screened for avian nephritis virus (anv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian rotavirus ... | 2016 | 26908891 |
| detection and molecular characterization of chicken astrovirus associated with chicks that have an unusual condition known as "white chicks" in brazil. | chicken astrovirus (castv) is one of many viruses related to enteric diseases in poultry that are associated with runting-stunting syndrome (rss), which affects young chickens. castv was also recently associated with an unusual condition in chicks called "white chicks." some hatcheries in certain states of brazil have reported several incubation problems, mortality, and the presence of chicks with white plumages over the past several months. these chicks were termed locally as "white chicks." th ... | 2016 | 26976903 |
| significance of parvoviruses, entero-like viruses and reoviruses in the aetiology of the chicken malabsorption syndrome. | specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens and commercial broilers were inoculated orally at 1 day of age with different intestinal preparations containing a chicken parvovirus, an entero-like virus associated with a reovirus from field materials, or the entero-like viruses and reovirus alone. despite viral multiplication in inoculated birds, no clinical signs or growth retardation were observed in spf and broiler chickens infected with the reo or parvoviruses. abnormal faeces and reduction i ... | 1986 | 18766578 |
| occurrence of chicken parvovirus infection in poland. | the aim of the foregoing study was the determination of the occurrence of parvovirus in chicken flocks from different regions of poland during 2002-2011. the material used for this study originated from chickens showing clinical symptoms of stunting and emaciation. for the quick detection of genetic material of the viruses in field samples, real-time pcr was applied. the conducted study implied on the occurrence of parvoviral infections in poland in approximately 18% of investigated chicken floc ... | 2012 | 22393336 |
| genetic characterization of parvoviruses circulating in turkey and chicken flocks in poland. | between 2008 and 2011, commercial turkey and chicken flocks in poland were examined for the presence of turkey parvovirus (tupv) and chicken parvovirus (chpv). clinical samples (10 individual faecal swabs/flock) from 197 turkey flocks (turkeys aged 1 to 19 weeks) and 45 chicken flocks (chickens aged 3 to 17 weeks) were collected in different regions of the country and tested using a pcr assay that targeted the ns1 gene (3'orf). the prevalence of tupv was 29.4 % in the flocks tested, while chpv i ... | 2012 | 23011307 |
| genetic characterization of three novel chicken parvovirus strains based on analysis of their coding sequences. | chicken parvovirus (chpv) is one of the causative agents of viral enteritis. recently, the genome of the abu-p1 strain of chpv was fully sequenced and determined to have a distinct genomic composition compared with that of vertebrate parvoviruses. however, no comparative sequence analysis of coding regions of chpvs was possible because of the lack of other sequence information. in this study, we obtained the nucleotide sequences of all genomic coding regions of three chpvs by polymerase chain re ... | 2015 | 25510852 |
| chicken parvovirus-induced runting-stunting syndrome in young broilers. | previously we identified a novel parvovirus from enteric contents of chickens that were affected by enteric diseases. comparative sequence analysis showed that the chicken parvovirus (chpv) represented a new member in the parvoviridae family. here, we describe some of the pathogenic characteristics of chpv in young broilers. following experimental infection, 2-day-old broiler chickens showed characteristic signs of enteric disease. runting-stunting syndrome (rss) was observed in four of five exp ... | 2013 | 23678740 |
| isolation and molecular characterisation of chicken parvovirus from brazilian flocks with enteric disorders. | 1. the presence of parvovirus in chickens with enteric disease was investigated in commercial flocks in brazil. 2. the intestinal contents of chickens exhibiting clinical signs of diarrhoea, weight loss or mortality were examined, and chicken parvovirus (chpv) was identified using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. the samples were sequenced and inoculated into specific-pathogen-free (spf) embryonated eggs to isolate the virus. 3. necropsies showed that the embryos were dwarfish, haemorrha ... | 2015 | 25633520 |
| expression of chicken parvovirus vp2 in chicken embryo fibroblasts requires codon optimization for production of naked dna and vectored meleagrid herpesvirus type 1 vaccines. | meleagrid herpesvirus type 1 (mehv-1) is an ideal vector for the expression of antigens from pathogenic avian organisms in order to generate vaccines. chicken parvovirus (chpv) is a widespread infectious virus that causes serious disease in chickens. it is one of the etiological agents largely suspected in causing runting stunting syndrome (rss) in chickens. initial attempts to express the wild-type gene encoding the capsid protein vp2 of chpv by insertion into the thymidine kinase gene of mehv- ... | 2013 | 23861017 |
| incidence of parvoviruses in chickens infected with marek's disease virus. | the aim of the study was to determine co-occurrence of marek's disease virus (mdv) and chicken parvovirus (chpv) co-occurrence in field chicken flocks. the materials for the study derived from 115 broiler chickens or layer hens originated from 23 farms with suspicion of marek's disease (md). dual infection with mdv and chpv was found in 23 (20%) examined chickens. the results obtained suggest a possibility of influence of chpv infection on efficacy of the md vaccines. | 2013 | 24195296 |
| identification and phylogenetic diversity of parvovirus circulating in commercial chicken and turkey flocks in croatia. | phylogenetic diversity of parvovirus detected in commercial chicken and turkey flocks is described. nine chicken and six turkey flocks from croatian farms were tested for parvovirus presence. intestinal samples from one turkey and seven chicken flocks were found positive, and were sequenced. natural parvovirus infection was more frequently detected in chickens than in turkeys examined in this study. sequence analysis of 400 nucleotide fragments of the nonstructural gene (ns) showed that our sequ ... | 2011 | 22312994 |
| complete coding sequences of three chicken parvovirus isolates from the united states. | parvoviruses are commonly found in u.s. poultry and are associated with clinical disease. here, we report the complete coding sequences of three chicken parvoviruses from broiler chickens from commercial farms in the state of georgia. | 2020 | 32972931 |
| epidemiological surveillance of parvoviruses in commercial chicken and turkey farms in guangxi, southern china, during 2014-2019. | a previously unidentified chicken parvovirus (chpv) and turkey parvovirus (tupv) strain, associated with runting-stunting syndrome (rss) and poultry enteritis and mortality syndrome (pems) in turkeys, is now prevalent among chickens in china. in this study, a large-scale surveillance of parvoviruses in chickens and turkeys using conserved pcr assays was performed. we assessed the prevalence of chpv/tupv in commercial chicken and turkey farms in china between 2014 and 2019. parvoviruses were prev ... | 2020 | 33134348 |
| molecular characterization and pathogenicity of chicken parvovirus (chpv) in specific pathogen-free chicks infected experimentally. | chicken parvovirus (chpv) is an agent frequently associated with runting stunting syndrome (rss). this syndrome has been reported in association with chpv in many countries, including brazil; however, studies characterizing the virus on a molecular level are scarce, and chpv pathogenicity in day-old chicks remains unclear. the aim of the present work was to establish the molecular characteristics of chpv, determine the pathogenicity of chpv in spf chicks and detect and quantify chpv by qpcr in s ... | 2020 | 32722416 |
| molecular characterization of parvovirus strain gx-tu-pv-1, isolated from a guangxi turkey. | the aim of the current study was to determine the genomic sequence of parvovirus strain gx-tu-pv-1, which was isolated from a turkey in guangxi province, south china. the analysis showed that the genome sequence of gx-tu-pv-1 was 81.3% to ∼99.3% similar to those of other turkey parvoviruses (tupvs) and 79.8% to ∼92.1% related to chicken parvovirus (chpv). this study will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of parvovirus in turkeys. | 2019 | 31727696 |
| investigation of enteric viruses associated with runting and stunting in day-old chicks and older broilers in southwest nigeria. | enteric viruses are known to have significant economic impact on poultry, especially broiler chicken flocks, because of production losses attributable to poor feed conversion and weight gain. to sustain the nigerian poultry industry that contributes significantly to the livestock sector of the economy, there is a need to investigate commercial broiler flocks in the country for the presence of enteric viruses causing runting and stunting, growth retardation, and hatchery diseases. gut contents we ... | 2019 | 31380402 |
| sensitive sybr green-real time pcr for the detection and quantitation of avian rotavirus a. | avian rotavirus a (artv-a) is a virus that affects young birds, causing acute diarrhea and economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. the techniques used for the diagnosis of artv-a include electron microscopy, isolation in cell culture, and serology, as well as molecular techniques, such as the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the objective of this work was to standardize a real-time rt-polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) using sybr green chemistry for the rapid ... | 2018 | 30597964 |
| development of a sensitive real-time fast-qpcr based on sybr® green for detection and quantification of chicken parvovirus (chpv). | many viruses have been associated with runting and stunting syndrome (rss). these viral infections mainly affect young chickens, causing apathy, depression, ruffled feathers, cloacal pasting, and diarrhea. chicken parvovirus (chpv) is such an infection and has been detected in chickens showing signs of enteric diseases worldwide. therefore, the present study aims to develop a sensitive real-time fast-qpcr assay based on sybr® green for detection and quantification of chpv. a 561-bp non-structura ... | 2018 | 30044371 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel chicken astrovirus in china. | chicken astrovirus (castv) is associated with kidney disease and visceral gout, runting and stunting syndrome, and white chick hatchery disease, causing economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. in this study, 55.6% of 36 clinical samples from guangdong province in china were positive for castv, but negative for other common enteric viruses, including avian nephritis virus, infectious bronchitis virus, fowl adenovirus group i, newcastle disease virus, chicken parvovirus, reovirus, and r ... | 2021 | 34352410 |
| detection and characterization of chicken astrovirus associated with hatchery disease in commercial day-old turkeys in southwestern nigeria. | infectious diseases are a major obstacle to profitable poultry production in nigeria due to the mortality and severe economic losses they cause. in particular, they are a potent threat to attainment of the food security goals of government and national self-sufficiency in food production. thus, there is a need for continuous monitoring of the nation's poultry population for these diseases. as part of an ongoing investigation of enteric viruses associated with poor performance or hatchery disease ... | 2021 | 33759002 |
| avian parvovirus: classification, phylogeny, pathogenesis and diagnosis. | poultry parvoviruses identified during the early 1980s are found worldwide in intestines from young birds with enteric disease syndromes as well as healthy birds. the chicken parvovirus (chpv) and turkey parvovirus (tupv) belong to the aveparvovirus genus within the subfamily parvovirinae. poultry parvoviruses are small, non-enveloped, single-stranded dna viruses consisting of three open reading frames, the first two encoding the non-structural protein (ns) and nuclear phosphoprotein (np) and th ... | 2018 | 30246559 |
| enteric virus diversity examined by molecular methods in brazilian poultry flocks. | enteric viruses play an important role in the brazilian poultry industry due to the economic impact of resulting low yields of broilers, layers, and breeders. the most common enteric viruses affecting commercial flocks in brazil include fowl adenovirus of group i (fadv-i), chicken parvovirus (chpv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian reovirus (areo), and avian rotavirus (artv). the aim of this study was to identify single and multipl ... | 2018 | 29596389 |