| tapeworms of quails (coturnix coturnix) in egypt. | the intestines of 150 grey quails (coturnix coturnix) were examined at postmortem, for tapeworms infestation. two species of cestodes were collected raillietina echinobothrida and choanotaenia infundibulum. the prevalence, average number of worms per bird and their morphology were reported. its worth to mention that quail was found to be a new host for r. echinobothrida. | 1989 | 2708868 |
| effect of age, sex and season on the prevalence and intensity of helminth infections in domestic pigeons (columba livia) from bursa province, turkey. | the one-year study reported in this paper was carried out from april 2002 to march 2003 in domestic pigeons (columba livia) of bursa province (turkey) to determine the occurrence of helminth species and to evaluate the effect of host age, sex and season on their prevalence and intensity. a total of 100 (31 young and 69 adult) domestic pigeons were necropsied and examined. the results of necropsies revealed that 74 pigeons harboured helminth infections. three helminth species were identified: bar ... | 2005 | 16363146 |
| [determination of the helminths of wild pigeons (columba livia gmelin, 1789 columbiformes) in the bursa region]. | the helminth fauna of 113 wild pigeons, (columba livia gmelin, 1789), in the bursa province was investigated. as a result of the investigation 3 helminth species were detected. these were capillaria columbae (gmelin, 1789), ascaridia columbae (gmelin, 1790) (nemathelminthes) and raillietina echinobothrida (megnin, 1881) (cestoda). | 2009 | 20101586 |
| study of gastro-intestinal helminths of scavenging chickens in four rural districts of amhara region, ethiopia. | a total of 267 rural scavenging chickens were examined from october 1998 to august 1999 in four woredas (districts) of the amhara region, ethiopia. of these chickens, 243 (91.01%) were found to harbour one to nine different helminth parasites and 24 (8.99%) were free of helminth parasites. a significant difference (p < 0.01) was found between the prevalence rates of helminth parasites in the different agro-ecological zones; the highest prevalence was observed in the lowland areas. this suggests ... | 2001 | 11732422 |
| a cross-sectional study of helminths in rural scavenging poultry in tanzania in relation to season and climate. | a cross-sectional study on the prevalence of helminths in rural scavenging poultry on six hundred adult chickens selected randomly from six villages in the morogoro region, tanzania during the wet and the dry seasons, was conducted. the trachea and gastrointestinal tract of each bird were examined for the presence of parasites. all chickens were infected with one or several species of helminths, the average being 4.8 +/- 1.7 helminths per chicken during the wet season and 5.1 +/- 1.8 during the ... | 1997 | 9271471 |
| in vitro anthelmintic activity of root-tuber extract of flemingia vestita, an indigenous plant in shillong, india. | the in vitro activity of root-tuber-peel extract of flemingia vestita, an indigenous plant consumed by the natives in northeast india, was tested against helminth parasites. live parasites (nematode: ascaris suum from pigs, a. lumbricoides from humans, ascaridia galli and heterakis gallinarum from domestic fowl; cestode: raillietina echinobothrida from domestic fowl; trematode: paramphistomum sp. from cattle) were collected in 0.9 % physiological buffered saline (pbs) and maintained at 37 +/- 1 ... | 1997 | 9197399 |
| [lipids of raillietina tetragona and raillietina echinobothrida cestodes from the intestines of hens]. | lipids of the cestodes r. tetragona and r. echinobothrida, parasites of chickens, were studied by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography methods. the quantity of neutral lipids amounts to 74.4% in r. tetragona and to 73.1% in r. echinobothrida. triglycerides amount to 35.6% and 38.4% of the neutral lipids in these species, sterols to 21.6% and 17.2%, sterol esters to 25.1% and 32.0%, diglycerides to 2.8% and 1.4% and free fatty acids to 7.8% and 6.5%, respectively. fatty acids content of worms ... | 1981 | 7198767 |
| contribution to the biology of the fowl cestode raillietina echinobothrida with a note on its pathogenicity. | | 1973 | 4735525 |
| effect of raillietina echinobothrida infection on blood values and intestinal tissues of domestic fowls of bangladesh. | an examination of the blood profile of domestic fowls infected with raillietina echinobothrida revealed anaemia with a significant increase of total leukocyte counts and decrease of total serum protein. the pathological changes in the intestines were characterised by villous atrophy, enteritis with cellular infiltration and formation of characteristic granulomas. | 1986 | 3776079 |
| tapeworms of rock dove and domestic chicken in taif area, saudi arabia. | the present study aimed to identify the tapeworms that parasitize the rock dove columba livia palastinae and domestic chicken gallus gallus domesticus in taif governorate, saudi arabia. a total of 115 rock doves and 105 domestic chicken have been examined. birds were brought in from the wells and farms inside and outside the city of taif. in rock doves, the percentage of infection was recorded as cotugnia digonopora 5.21%, hymenolepis carioca 10.43%, raillietina echinobothrida 27.82%, raillietin ... | 2012 | 23469626 |
| ascorbic acid levels in the proglottides of four species of cestode parasites of mammals and birds in relation to their sexual maturity. | ascorbic acid levels were found to be closely related to different stages of growth and maturity of avitellina centripunctata, moniezia expansa, and stilesia globipunctata from goats and sheep and of raillietina echinobothrida from fowl. the ascorbic acid level in avian parasites was higher than that in mammalian. the level was highest in immature proglottides and lowest in gravid proglottides. | 1988 | 3397519 |
| prevalence of parasites and associated risk factors in domestic pigeons (columba livia domestica) and free-range backyard chickens of sistan region, east of iran. | this study was carried out on free-range backyard chickens and domestic pigeons (columba livia domestica) from december 2010 to november 2011 to determine the prevalence, intensity and species of internal and external parasites in sistan region, east of iran. of the total of 59 (27 males and 32 females) free-range backyard chickens and 46 (26 males and 20 females) domestic pigeons inspected, 55 (93.22 %) and 39 (84.78 %) were infected respectively. ten species of free-range backyard chickens par ... | 2012 | 24082532 |
| a survey of ectoparasites, cestodes and management of free-range indigenous chickens in rural zimbabwe. | a survey of ectoparasites, cestodes and husbandry aspects of indigenous free-range chickens was carried out in selected districts from the highveld and lowveld of rural zimbabwe. the survey recorded infection with 4 species from the order phthiraptera (lice), 1 species from the order siphonaptera (fleas), 6 species from the order acarina (ticks and mites) and 9 species of cestodes. among the ectoparasites, the most prevalent was menacanthus stramineus (87.7%) followed by echidinophaga gallinacea ... | 2009 | 20169754 |
| effect of lysimachia ramosa (primulaceae) on helminth parasites: motility, mortality and scanning electron microscopic observations on surface topography. | the alcoholic extract of lysimachia ramosa wall (primulaceae) was tested in vitro against helminth parasites, fasciolopsis buski and ascaris suum, from porcine hosts and raillietina echinobothrida from domestic fowl. the live adult parasites, collected from a freshly autopsied host, were exposed to different concentrations (5-50mg) of the test plant extract in physiological phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) having 0.1% dimethyl sulphoxide (dmso) at 37+/-1 degrees c. the treated parasites revealed ... | 2010 | 20138704 |
| ultrastructural alterations of the tegument of raillietina echinobothrida treated with the stem bark of acacia oxyphylla (leguminosae). | the stem bark of acacia oxyphylla graham ex bentham is used as an anthelmintic by the natives of mizoram (north-east india). | 2010 | 19854257 |
| [comparative study on morphology and development of two species of raillietina from chicken]. | to compare the morphological features and the development of raillietina echinobothrida and r. tetragonal from chicken. | 2009 | 19852366 |
| phytochemicals from flemingia vestita (fabaceae) and stephania glabra (menispermeaceae) alter cgmp concentration in the cestode raillietina echinobothrida. | cyclic gmp (cgmp) mediates various physiological functions of nitric oxide (no) synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (nos). a crude peel extract and purified fraction of flemingia vestita, as well as a crude rhizome extract of stephania glabra and fractions were tested with respect to the activity of nos, no efflux and cgmp concentration in the cestode raillietina echinobothrida in order to find out the possible mode of anthelmintic action of these plant-derived components. for comparison purpos ... | 2009 | 18854226 |
| ultrastructural observations on tegumental surface of raillietina echinobothrida and its alterations caused by root-peel extract of millettia pachycarpa. | millettia pachycarpa benth (leguminosae) has a usage in traditional medicine system practiced among the lushai tribes of mizoram, a state in north east india, who customarily consume the aqueous extract of the root peel of the plant to get rid of intestinal worm infections. the crude ethanol, methanol, and acetone fractions of the plant were assayed against raillietina echinobothrida, the intestinal cestode parasite of domestic fowl, to authenticate the putative anthelmintic efficacy and cestoci ... | 2008 | 18767049 |
| cross-sectional survey on helminth infections of chickens in the samsun region, turkey. | a cross-sectional survey was performed to determine the prevalence and intensity of helminth infections in 185 chickens from nine districts in the samsun region, northern turkey between july 1999 and june 2000. in total, 88% of 83 scavenging chickens and 4% of 52 layers from laying batteries were infected, but none of the 50 broilers harboured helminths in the alimentary tract or trachea. the difference in prevalence was statistically significant among broilers, layers from laying batteries and ... | 2008 | 18605376 |
| prevalence of parasites of the local scavenging chickens in a selected semi-arid zone of eastern kenya. | a study to identify and estimate the prevalence of parasites of local chickens in a semi arid area of kenya was conducted between march 2005 and august 2006. three hundred and sixty (360) local chickens purchased from yathui division of machakos were examined. of those, 93.3% had helminths. nematodes were recovered in 268 (74.4%) chickens whereas 245 (68.1%) had cestodes. tetrameres americana (37.7%), ascaridia galli (33.3%) and heterakis gallinarum (22.8%) were the most important nematode speci ... | 2008 | 18422252 |
| prevalence and burden of gastrointestinal helminthes among local chickens, in northern jordan. | we conducted a cross-sectional study from december 2004 to february 2005 and from june 2005 to august 2005. the study aimed to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal and tracheal helminthes among local chickens in northern jordan. a total of 208 male and female local scavenging chickens were selected randomly. we examined the trachea and gastrointestinal tract of each bird for the presence of helminthes. we recovered three nematode and eight cestode species. no trematodes were found. one h ... | 2008 | 18329115 |
| genistein from flemingia vestita (fabaceae) enhances no and its mediator (cgmp) production in a cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida. | cyclic gmp (cgmp) is responsible for various cellular functions including signal pathways and it acts as a mediator for nitric oxide (no). in order to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the plant-derived isoflavones, the crude peel extract of flemingia vestita and pure genistein were tested with respect to the activity of nitric oxide synthase (nos), no efflux and the cgmp concentration in rallietina echinobothrida, the cestode parasite of domestic fowl. for comparison, the parasites were als ... | 2007 | 17451618 |
| gastrointestinal helminths in indigenous and exotic chickens in vietnam: association of the intensity of infection with the major histocompatibility complex. | this study compared the prevalence and intensity of infections of helminths in 2 chicken breeds in vietnam, the indigenous ri and the exotic luong phuong. also, possible correlations with the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) were tested. the most prevalent helminths were ascaridia galli, heterakis beramporia, tetrameres mothedai, capillaria obsignata, raillietina echinobothrida and raillietina tetragona. differences in prevalence and intensity of infection were found between the 2 breeds. ... | 2007 | 17166322 |
| distribution of gastrointestinal helminths in chicken farms in the gharb region--morocco. | gastrointestinal tracts of 300 chickens from three villages of the gharb region, morocco, were examined for adult helminths during 2002-2005. helminth species found were: notocotylus gallinarum (prevalence 0.7%), hymenolepis carioca (3.7%), raillietina echinobothrida (5.7%), hymenolepis contaniana (7%), raillietina tretragona (9.3%), raillietina cesticillus (12%), capillaria obsignata (6%), subulura brumpti (15.3%), heterakis gallinarum (10%), cheilospirura hamulosa (2.7%), dispharynx nasuta (5. ... | 2006 | 16541258 |
| effect of isoflavone from flemingia vestita (fabaceae) on the ca2+ homeostasis in raillietina echinobothrida, the cestode of domestic fowl. | the alcoholic crude root-peel extract of flemingia vestita and its major isoflavone, genistein, have been shown to have a vermifugal/vermicidal effect by causing a flaccid paralysis accompanied by alterations in the structural architecture of the tegumental interface and metabolic activity in raillietina echinobothrida, the cestode of domestic fowl. in the present study, the crude root-peel extract and pure genistein were tested in vitro with respect to ca2+ homeostasis and the occurrence of som ... | 2006 | 16198617 |
| effects of phytochemicals of flemingia vestita (fabaceae) on glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and enzymes of gluconeogenesis in a cestode (raillietina echinobothrida). | the crude root-peel extract of flemingia vestita, containing genistein as the major isoflavone, has a vermifugal/vermicidal effect. it acts by causing flaccid paralysis accompanied by alterations in the activities of several tegumental enzymes and other metabolic activities in the fowl tapeworm, raillietina echinobothrida. to elucidate the mode of action of the putative phytochemicals on energy metabolism, crude root-peel extract, pure genistein and praziquantel were tested on glucose 6-phosphat ... | 2004 | 15556076 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of flemingia vestita (fabaceae): alterations in glucose metabolism of the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. | the root-tuber peel of flemingia vestita and its active component, genistein, were tested in respect of glucose metabolism in the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. live r. echinobothrida, collected from the intestine of freshly slaughtered domestic fowl, were incubated at 39+/-1 degrees c in defined concentrations of the root-peel crude extract (5 mg/ml), genistein (0.2 mg/ml) and praziquantel (1 microg/ml) in phosphate buffered saline with 1% of dimethyl sulphoxide with simultaneous maintena ... | 2004 | 15464444 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of flemingia vestita (fabaceae): alteration in the activities of some glycolytic enzymes in the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. | the crude root-peel extract of flemingia vestita, genistein and praziquantel were tested against some selected glycolytic enzymes--hexokinase (hk), phosphofructokinase (pfk), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), pyruvate kinase (pk), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), malate dehydrogenase (mdh) and malic enzyme (me)--of the fowl tape worm, raillietina echinobothrida. following exposure to the various treatments, the activities of hk, pfk, pepck and ldh increased by 33-39%, 41-125%, 44-49% and 55 ... | 2004 | 15138892 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of flemingia vestita (fabaceae): effect of genistein on glycogen metabolism in the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. | the edible root-tuber peel of flemingia vestita and its major active component, genistein, have been earlier shown to have a vermifugal/vermicidal effect on cestodes in vitro by causing a flaccid paralysis and alterations in the tegumental architecture and activity of several enzymes associated with the tegumental interface of the parasite. pursuing further investigation on the mode of action of this putative anthelmintic, the crude peel extract and pure genistein were further tested in respect ... | 2003 | 12798931 |
| ecto-, endo- and haemoparasites in free-range chickens in the goromonzi district in zimbabwe. | a cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of ecto-, endo- and haemoparasites in free-range chickens from the goromonzi district, zimbabwe. fifty young and 50 adult birds were selected randomly. all chickens harboured ecto- and endoparasites, and 32% were infected with haemoparasites. eight different ectoparasites were identified; the more prevalent ones had the following prevalences (young, %; adult, %): argas persicus (6; 14), cnemidocoptes mutans (6; 32), echidnophaga gallinacea (72; 7 ... | 2002 | 12114010 |
| in vitro effects of albendazole on raillietina echinobothrida, the cestode of chicken, gallus domesticus. | albendazole, a member of benzimidazole group of compounds, has been shown to have a broad spectrum activity against all classes of helminth parasites. although it has also been experimentally proven to be effective against cestode infection of poultry, the actual effects of the drug are not yet described. the present in vitro study demonstrated that the commercial prescription drug zentel® was significantly effective against adult raillietina echinobothrida mégnin, the major cestode parasite of ... | 2010 | 21264097 |
| antiparasitic activity of methanolic extract of acacia oxyphylla (leguminosae) against raillietina echinobothrida. | acacia oxyphylla has been used traditionally by the natives of mizoram against intestinal worm infections. in the present study, the crude methanolic extract of the plant was tested in vitro on the cestode parasite raillietina echinobothrida to evaluate its potential anthelmintic efficacy. the test parasites were exposed to varying concentrations of the plant extract in phosphate buffered saline and they all slipped into a flaccid paralytic state at varying periods of time post incubation. ultra ... | 2010 | 21526027 |
| potentilla fulgens (family rosaceae), a medicinal plant of north-east india: a natural anthelmintic? | the cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida and the trematode, gastrothylax crumenifer were exposed to the ethanolic root peel extract of potentilla fulgens, an antiparasitic local medicinal plant of meghalaya, india, to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the plant. the parasites were incubated in 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg crude alcoholic extract per ml of phosphate buffered saline (pbs) at a temperature of 37 ± 1°c. paralysis and death were observed at 2.00 ± 0.05 and 2.80 ± 0.06 h fo ... | 2010 | 21966126 |
| evidence of apoptosis in raillietina echinobothrida induced by methanolic extracts of three traditional medicinal plants of northeast india. | the therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants in terms of anthelmintic properties are known since time immemorial in india, particularly among natives of the northeast india. however, only sporadic and scarce reports on scientific validation of these plants are available. the present study was conducted on the cestode raillietina echinobothrida, to establish whether the anthelmintic activity of potentilla fulgens, alpinia nigra and millettia pachycarpa was mediated by apoptosis or not. light micr ... | 2013 | 23680183 |
| surface topographical and ultrastructural alterations of raillietina echinobothrida and ascaridia galli induced by a compound isolated from acacia oxyphylla. | the stem bark of acacia oxyphylla graham ex bentham is used as an anthelmintic by the natives of mizoram (north-east india). therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the effect of the active compound isolated from a. oxyphylla on the tegument of adult raillietina echinobothrida and ascaridia galli. the test parasites r. echinobothrida and a. galli were incubated in physiological buffered saline containing 0.0005, 0.001, 0.05, 0.1 and 1mg/ml of the isolated compound. the alterations in the t ... | 2011 | 22265802 |
| prevalence and impact of gastrointestinal helminths on body weight gain in backyard chickens in subtropical and humid zone of jammu, india. | necropsy of gastrointestinal tract of 125 free-range chickens from a subtropical and humid zone of northwestern india revealed four nematode spp. (ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, capillaria spp. and cheilospirura hamulosa) and four cestode spp. (raillietina cesticillus, raillietina echinobothrida, raillietina tetragona and amoebotaenia cuneata) the overall prevalence of the helminth parasites was 72.0%. amongst various helminth species encountered in the region, a. galli emerged out as th ... | 2012 | 23543701 |
| prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites of backyard chickens (gallus domesticus) in and around shimoga. | the present study was conducted for 1 year from march 2010 to february 2011 to identify gastro-intestinal parasites of backyard chickens and to estimate its prevalence in and around shimoga, a malnad region of karnataka. a total of 250 gastro-intestinal tracts were collected from backyard chickens for the detection of gastrointestinal parasites. among the 250 birds screened, 183 (73.2 %) were found positive for gastrointestinal parasites by gross examination of gastrointestinal tract. out of 183 ... | 2016 | 27605824 |
| seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desi fowl (gallus gallus domesticus) in and around gannavaram, andhra pradesh. | a study was carried out to know the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desi fowl in and nearby villages of gannavaram, andhra pradesh for a period of 1 year. screening of 492 samples comprising faecal samples and gastrointestinal tracts from freshly slaughtered desi birds at local poultry shops and samples from post mortem examinations at ntr college of veterinary science, gannavaram revealed 63.21 % of gastrointestinal parasites. faecal samples were examined by floatation technique usi ... | 2016 | 27605762 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in banaraja fowls reared in semi-intensive system of management in mayurbhanj district of odisha. | studies on the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths infection in banaraja fowls of three blocks (chandua, shamakhunta and bangriposi) of mayurbhanj district in odisha with respect to semi-intensive system of rearing. | 2015 | 27065637 |
| gastrointestinal helminths are highly prevalent in scavenging chickens of selected districts of eastern shewa zone, ethiopia. | a cross-sectional survey on gastrointestinal helminths was conducted on 124 chickens raised under traditional management system in two selected districts namely ada'a and adamitulu of eastern shewa zone, ethiopia. of these chickens, 111 (89.5%) were found to harbor one of the five different helminth parasites and 13 (10.48%) were free of helminths parasites. the study also found that 103 (83.0%) and 72 (58.0%) of the examined chickens were invariably infected by diverse species of cestodes and n ... | 2012 | 24175425 |
| morphology and molecular phylogeny of raillietina spp. (cestoda: cyclophyllidea: davaineidae) from domestic chickens in thailand. | raillietina species are prevalent in domestic chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) in phayao province, northern thailand. their infection may cause disease and death, which affects the public health and economic situation in chicken farms. the identification of raillietina has been based on morphology and molecular analysis. in this study, morphological observations using light (lm) and scanning electron microscopies (sem) coupled with molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2 ... | 2016 | 28095663 |
| praziquantel induced oxidative stress and apoptosis-like cell death in raillietina echinobothrida. | praziquantel (pzq) is an anthelmintic drug used against trematode and cestode parasites of humans and veterinary animals. since praziquantel was introduced as a broadspectrum anthelmintic, numerous studies described its successful use against helminth parasites, but its exact mechanism of action is feebly understood. therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate the possible role of pzq induced oxidative stress in apoptosis-like cell death in the poultry tapeworm raillietina echinobot ... | 2016 | 27005397 |
| biocomputational analysis of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from raillietina echinobothrida, a cestode parasite, and its interaction with possible modulators. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) involved in gluconeogenesis in higher vertebrates opposedly plays a significant role in glucose oxidation of the cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida. considering the importance of the enzyme in the parasite and lack of its structural details, there exists an urgent need for understanding the molecular details and development of possible modulators. hence, in this study, pepck gene was obtained using rapid amplification of cdna ends, and various ... | 2016 | 26690489 |
| α-viniferin and resveratrol induced alteration in the activities of some energy metabolism related enzymes in the cestode parasite raillietina echinobothrida. | α-viniferin (avf) and its monomer resveratrol (resv) are natural phytostilbenes produced by several plants in response to injury or under the influence of pathogens such as bacteria or fungi. our earlier studies have revealed that both the compounds exert anthelmintic activity through alterations of cestode tegument and its associated enzymes. the present study investigates the effects of these phytochemicals on some energy metabolism related enzymes in the fowl tapeworm, raillietina echinobothr ... | 2016 | 26603215 |
| cloning and expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from a cestode parasite and its solubilization from inclusion bodies using l-arginine. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is an essential regulatory enzyme of glycolysis in the cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida, and is considered a potential target for anthelmintic action because of its differential activity from that of its avian host. however, due to the unavailability of its structure, the mechanism of regulation of pepck from r. echinobothrida (repepck) and its interaction with possible modulators remain unclear. hence, in this study, the repepck gene was cloned into ... | 2016 | 26363119 |
| apoptosis like cell death in raillietina echinobothrida induced by resveratrol. | northeast india is geographically nestled as one of the biodiversity hotspots, rich in traditionally used medicinal plants. resveratrol, a naturally occurring phytoalexin found in berries, peanuts, grapes, red wine and also in numerous anthelmintic plants, has attracted wide interest because of its diverse pharmacological characteristics. recently, anthelmintic potential of the compound is established. the present study was carried out to understand the possible mechanism of action of resveratro ... | 2015 | 26267101 |
| resveratrol- and α-viniferin-induced alterations of acetylcholinesterase and nitric oxide synthase in raillietina echinobothrida. | phytostilbenes, like resveratrol and α-viniferin, which occur mainly in the plants and belong to the families cyperaceae, vitaceae, and gnetaceae are extensively popular for their medicinal and nutritional properties. in northeast india, the jaintia tribes consume these phytochemicals through aqueous extract of the medicinal plant carex baccans to control helminthiasis. the present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of the phytochemicals on neurotransmitters and its related enzymes ... | 2015 | 26141435 |
| differential kinetics at pk/pepck branch point in the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. | pyruvate kinase (pk; ec 2.7.1.40) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck; ec 4.1.1.32) are essential regulatory enzymes of glucose oxidation in helminths, the pk/pepck branch point being the first divergent step between carbohydrate catabolism of the parasites and their hosts. recently, pepck from the cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida, has been purified and characterized. in order to find out the differential kinetics, if any, at pk/pepck branch point in the parasite, in this st ... | 2015 | 25816970 |
| α-viniferin-induced structural and functional alterations in raillietina echinobothrida, a poultry tapeworm. | α-viniferin, an active component of the plant carex baccans l., is known for its anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. in northeast india, different tribes traditionally consume c. baccans to control intestinal helminth infections. therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the extent of tegumental alteration caused by α-viniferin in raillietina echinobothrida, a widely prevalent poultry helminth in northeast india. helminths were exposed in vitro to various dos ... | 2015 | 25592142 |
| resveratrol induced structural and biochemical alterations in the tegument of raillietina echinobothrida. | the root tuber of carex species has been used as an anthelmintic medicine for intestinal helminthic infections in the northeast region of india. the main compound present in the root tuber of the genus carex is resveratrol. therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the anthelmintic effects of resveratrol in raillietina echinobothrida by using motility observation, electron microscopy, histochemical and biochemical analysis. resveratrol causes complete inactivation and flaccid paraly ... | 2014 | 24370378 |
| ultrastructural observations on raillietina echinobothrida exposed to crude extract and active compound of securinega virosa. | securinega virosa has been used traditionally by the natives of mizoram, india, to control intestinal worm infections. in the present study, the crude ethanol extract of the plant and its active component virosecurinine were tested in vitro on raillietina echinobothrida to evaluate its potential anthelmintic efficacy and ultrastructural changes. the test parasites were exposed to different concentrations of the plant extract, active compound virosecurinine and reference drug praziquantel. scanni ... | 2013 | 23791913 |
| occurrence and hat-rapd analysis of gastrointestinal helminths in domestic chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) in phayao province, northern thailand. | the present study determined the prevalence and distribution of gastrointestinal helminths in domestic chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) between november 2012 and august 2013. one hundred and twenty domestic chickens were purchased from villages in four districts of phayao province; mae chai, dok khamtai, chun and chiang kham. morphological differences were used to identify the helminth species, and hat-rapd technique was used to differentiate among closely related species. the results reveale ... | 2017 | 28053568 |
| molecular characterization of the indian poultry nodular tapeworm, raillietina echinobothrida (cestoda: cyclophyllidea: davaineidae) based on rdna internal transcribed spacer 2 region. | the nodular tapeworm, raillietina echinobothrida is a well studied avian gastrointestinal parasite of family davaineidae (cestoda: cyclophyllidea). it is reported to be the largest in size and second most prevalent species infecting chicken in north-east india. in the present study, morphometrical methods coupled with the molecular analysis of the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) region of ribosomal dna were employed for precise identification of the parasite. the annotated its2 region ... | 2014 | 24505172 |
| effect of (-)-epicatechin, a flavonoid on the no and nos activity of raillietina echinobothrida. | (-)-epicatechin, a natural flavonoid reportedly has huge pharmacological properties. in this study the cestocide effect of (-)-epicatechin is demonstrated in raillietina echinobothrida. although the antiparasitic activity of (-)-epicatechin has been demonstrated against protozoa, helminths and ectoparasites, in the present study the cestocide activity of (-)-epicatechin is shown to be related to a decrease in nitric oxide synthase (nos) activity and nitric oxide (no) production. on exposure to 0 ... | 2018 | 29208358 |
| biological significance of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in a cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida and effect of phytoestrogens on the enzyme from the parasite and its host, gallus domesticus. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) is involved in glycolysis in the cestode parasite, raillietina echinobothrida; whereas, it executes a gluconeogenic role in its host, gallus domesticus. because of its differing primary function in the cestode parasite and its host, this enzyme is regarded as a plausible anthelmintic target. hence, the biological significance of pepck in the parasite was analysed using sirna against pepck from r. echinobothrida (repepck). in order to find out the functio ... | 2017 | 28485262 |
| electron microscopic observations on the alterations of tegumental surface of raillietina echinobothrida treated with root-peel extract of potentilla fulgens. | potentilla fulgens, a member of the family rosaceae, has been known since ancient times in northeast india for its antiparasitic, antitumour and antidiabetic properties. the crude ethanolic extract of the plant was assayed against raillietina echinobothrida, the intestinal cestode parasite of domestic fowl to authenticate the putative anthelmintic efficacy and cestocidal potential in particular of the plant. treatment of the worm in-vitro with 25, 50 and 100 mg of crude extract per ml of phospha ... | 2012 | 22407728 |
| immunohistochemical localization of sex hormone receptors in two raillietina tapeworms. | sex hormone receptors play critical roles in development and reproduction. however, it is not known whether they exist in raillietina tapeworms, and if they do, whether they have a similar function to that in vertebrates. we examined the immunohistochemical distributions of androgen receptors (ars), estrogen receptors (ers), and progesterone receptors (prs) in the tissues of two tapeworm species: raillietina echinobothrida and raillietina tetragona. immunopositive ars were found in the entire re ... | 2017 | 28290612 |
| purification and characterization of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from raillietina echinobothrida, a cestode parasite of the domestic fowl. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck, ec 4.1.1.32) is an essential regulatory enzyme of glycolysis in helminths in contrast to its role in gluconeogenesis in their host. previously we have reported that phytochemicals from flemingia vestita (family: fabaceae), genistein in particular, have vermifugal action and are known to affect carbohydrate metabolism in the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. in order to determine the functional differences of pepck from the parasite and its avian host ... | 2013 | 22906884 |
| effects of acacia oxyphylla and securinega virosa on functional characteristics of raillietina echinobothrida (phylum: platyhelminthes; class: cestoidea), a poultry cestode parasite. | the histochemical distribution and quantification of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and adenosine triphosphatase have been investigated in the adult cyclophyllidean cestode, raillietina echinobothrida after treatment with crude ethanol extract of traditionally used medicinal plants acacia oxyphylla and securinega virosa. estimation of free amino acid pool and vital trace elements like calcium and magnesium were also performed to study the effect of the plant extracts on the parasite. a ... | 2013 | 24431553 |
| in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of carex baccans (cyperaceae): ultrastructural, histochemical and biochemical alterations in the cestode, raillietina echinobothrida. | the aqueous juice of the root extract of carex baccans (family: cyperaceae) is used as an anthelmintic in meghalaya, india. the present investigation was carried out to evaluate the extent of ultrastructural, histochemical and biochemical alterations caused by the plant derived component(s) on raillietina echinobothrida, a cestode parasite of domestic fowl. live tapeworms, collected from the freshly slaughtered host, were exposed to different concentrations of the crude ethanolic root extract of ... | 2012 | 23542633 |