| [incidence of listeria monocytogenes in the intestinal contents of broilers on different farms (author's transl)]. | the intestinal contents of 3,090 broilers, one day to five weeks of age, from 1,025 broiler houses, were examined for the presence of listeria monocytogenes. l. monocytogenes was isolated in 243 cases, i.e. 23.7% of the broiler houses, 58.8% were of type 1, 35.5% of type 4b, 1.2% were of type 5 and 2.4% of the strains could not be typed. in spite of cleaning and disinfection after the chickens had been taken to the poultry slaughterhouse, reinfection occurred in the broiler houses in 16.9% of th ... | 1978 | 414373 |
| certain chemical and biological properties of phenol extracts from listeria monocytogenes. | a toxic component obtained by phenol extraction of listeria monocytogenes 9-125 was found to have a molecular weight of about 2 x 10(6). this material was composed of carbohydrate, protein, lipid, phosphorus, and a component resembling 2-keto-3-deoxyoctanate. infrared spectrums indicated that similarities existed between this material and salmonella abortus-equi lipopolysaccharide. mild acid hydrolysis produced water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions. sheep erythrocytes sensitized with aqueo ... | 1976 | 824986 |
| listeria monocytogenes in "oven-ready" poultry. | listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 10 out of 68 "oven-ready" poultry (ie, 14-7 per cent) purchased at 26 different shops and supermarkets. the organisms belonged to type 4 and 1/2; from one chicken both serotypes were isolated. | 1976 | 826007 |
| differentiation of listeria monocytogenes isolates by using plasmid profiling and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. | three hundred and seven listeria monocytogenes isolates from various origins (clinical sources, raw chicken, seafoods, dairy and meat products and processing environments) were screened for plasmids. the overall frequency of l. monocytogenes isolates containing plasmids was 77%. the highest percentages of plasmid positive isolates were found from meat (89%), chicken (81%) and dairy products (64%), while clinical isolates had the lowest plasmid percentage (28%). seven sizes of plasmids (21, 24, 2 ... | 1992 | 1445771 |
| a combined pcr and selective enrichment method for rapid detection of listeria monocytogenes. | development of a routine detection assay for listeria monocytogenes in foods that uses the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and enrichment cultures was investigated. oligonucleotide primers were chosen to amplify a 3' region of l. monocytogenes hlya gene spanning a conserved hindiii site. pcr detection sensitivity for l. monocytogenes in dilutions of pure enrichment cultures was between 50 and 500 colony forming units. a short enrichment period before pcr amplification allowed detection of the or ... | 1992 | 1512178 |
| inhibition, survival and growth of listeria monocytogenes on poultry as influenced by buffered lactic acid treatment and modified atmosphere packaging. | the effect of the treatment with various concentrations (2%, 5% and 10% w/v) of lactic acid/sodium lactate buffer (ph 3.0), modified atmosphere (map) packaging (90% co2 and 10% o2) and 10% (w/v) lactic acid/sodium lactate buffer (ph 3.0) combined with map on listeria monocytogenes z7 serotype 1 and on the shelf life of chicken legs stored at 6 degrees c was investigated. the initial contamination level of l. monocytogenes on the chicken legs surface was 8.3 x 10(2) cfu/cm2 of skin. after 2 days ... | 1991 | 1777385 |
| prevalence of listeria monocytogenes in intestinal contents of healthy animals in japan. | a total of 1,705 fecal specimens or ileo-cecal contents of cattle, pigs, dogs, cats, chicken and rats were submitted for the isolation of listeria monocytogenes by the use of the combination of oxford-lpm agar plates after the cold enrichment in pbs at 4 degrees c for 4-6 weeks. prevalence of l. monocytogenes was found to be 1.9% in cattle, 0.6% in pigs, 0.9% in dogs and 6.5% in rats. however, none of l. monocytogenes was isolated from chicken or cats. among 26 isolates of l. monocytogenes, 13 s ... | 1991 | 1836374 |
| effects of gaseous environment and temperature on the storage behaviour of listeria monocytogenes on chicken breast meat. | portions of skinless chicken breast meat (ph 5.8) were inoculated with a strain of listeria monocytogenes and stored at 1, 6 or 15 degrees c in (1) aerobic conditions; (2) 30% co2 + air; (3) 30% co2 + n2; and (4) 100% co2. when samples were held at 1 degree c the organism failed to grow under any of the test conditions, despite marked differences between treatments in spoilage rate and ultimate microflora. at 6 degrees c counts of l. monocytogenes increased ca 10-fold in aerobic conditions befor ... | 1991 | 1901849 |
| survey of the incidence of listeria monocytogenes and other listeria spp. in experimentally irradiated and in matched unirradiated raw chickens. | listeria spp. were sought in 32 chickens experimentally irradiated (2.5 kgy) and in 25 matched unirradiated chickens. using the modified food and drug administration method only three of the chickens were positive for l. monocytogenes. using the more sensitive cold enrichment method 30 were found positive. the proportion of carcasses contaminated with l. monocytogenes was lower in the irradiated birds than in the unirradiated birds. the results also indicated that the numbers of l. monocytogenes ... | 1991 | 1904763 |
| listeria monocytogenes in foods in norway. | three-hundred-and-eighty-two samples of different retail food items in norway (imported soft cheese, raw chicken, minced meat, fermented sausages, vacuum-packed processed meat products, smoked salmon, peeled shrimps, raw minced fish) and 78 carcass samples (sheep, pig, cattle), were screened for listeria monocytogenes. of the 460 samples investigated, 78 were found to contain l. monocytogenes. five of these contained greater than 10(3) cfu/g, four greater than 10(2) cfu/g, while the remainder we ... | 1991 | 1909548 |
| thermal inactivation of listeria monocytogenes during a process simulating temperatures achieved during microwave heating. | conventional heating was used to expose cells of listeria monocytogenes, either in broth or in situ on chicken skin, to the mean times and temperatures that are achieved during a 28 min period of microwave cooking of a whole chicken. heating l. monocytogenes by this method in culture broth resulted in a reduction in viable cell numbers by a factor of greater than 10(6) upon reaching 70 degrees c. simulated microwave cooking of l. monocytogenes in situ, on chicken skin, resulted in more variabili ... | 1991 | 1938673 |
| listeria monocytogenes peritonitis associated with capd. | listeria monocytogenes peritonitis developed in a 67-year-old man on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis following a catered luncheon. alcoholic liver disease was a predisposing factor. l. monocytogenes multiplies at 4 degrees c. it is often present in imported soft cheese, less often in chicken and other refrigerated food. listeria peritonitis has not been previously reported in australia. | 1991 | 1984589 |
| growth of listeria monocytogenes at refrigeration temperatures. | the growth of three strains of listeria monocytogenes at refrigeration temperatures (-0.5 to 9.3 degrees c) in chicken broth and/or uht milk was determined using a rocking temperature gradient incubator. minimum growth temperatures ranged from -0.1 to -0.4 degree c for the three strains. lag times of 1-3 d and 3 to greater than 34 d were observed with incubation at 5 and 0 degrees c respectively. corresponding generation times ranged from 13-24 h at 5 degrees c and 62-131 h at 0 degree c. the ty ... | 1990 | 2108109 |
| listeria monocytogenes colonization of broiler chickens. | in three trials, a total of 108 broiler chickens were unchallenged or challenged orally with either 10(2) or 10(6) cells of listeria monocytogenes at 1, 14, or 35 days of age. the birds were kept in separate wire-floored brooders and growout batteries, fed unmedicated broiler-starter rations ad libitum, and killed 7 days postchallenge. the ceca, duodenum, spleen, liver (including gall bladder), and a cloacal swab were sampled from each bird and were analyzed for the presence of l. monocytogenes. ... | 1990 | 2111910 |
| growth of listeria monocytogenes scott a, serotype 4 and competitive spoilage organisms in raw chicken packaged under modified atmospheres and in air. | the development of listeria monocytogenes scott a, serotype 4 and aerobic plate counts on minced raw chicken were determined independently at 4, 10 and 27 degrees c. samples were packaged in flexible film under two modified atmospheres (one containing oxygen and one containing no oxygen) or air. the anaerobic modified atmosphere (75:25, co2:n2) resulted in the failure of both the aerobic plate counts and l. monocytogenes to grow at all temperatures. both the l. monocytogenes and aerobic plate co ... | 1990 | 2126442 |
| fate of listeria monocytogenes in orally dosed chicks. | the fate of listeria monocytogenes in chicks perorally dosed with these bacteria at 2 days of age was determined by bacterial enumeration, immunoperoxidase staining and histological examination of the liver, muscle and gastrointestinal tract. results revealed listerial egress from the digestive tract and elimination of the organism from the body in most of the chicks within 9 days post-inoculation. l. monocytogenes was isolated from the caecum of only one of 10 chicks examined at 4 weeks post-in ... | 1990 | 2126445 |
| incidence and characterization of listeria monocytogenes in foods available in taiwan. | a variety of foods were examined for the incidence of listeria monocytogenes, and the bacterial isolates were further characterized. l. monocytogenes was selected on licl-phenylethanol-moxalactam agar after enrichments and identified by several biochemical, mobility, and camp tests. l. monocytogenes was isolated from 58.8% of pork samples, 50% of chicken carcasses, 38% of turkey parts, 34% of frozen semiready foods, 24% of beef steaks, 12.2% of vegetables, 10.5% of seafoods, and 4.4% of frozen d ... | 1990 | 2126699 |
| an encephalitic form of listeriosis in broiler chickens. | a disease outbreak characterized by torticollis, incoordination, and depression was seen in a commercial broiler operation in california. listeria monocytogenes was isolated from brain tissue with some degree of difficulty, and only after culturing directly from the brain stem. no evidence of concurrent disease was found, and the source of the outbreak was undetermined. | 1989 | 2494981 |
| fate of listeria monocytogenes in processed meat products during refrigerated storage. | the fate of listeria monocytogenes during refrigerated storage was determined on several processed meat products, including ham, bologna, wieners, sliced chicken, sliced turkey, fermented semidried sausage, bratwurst, and cooked roast beef. the meats were surface inoculated with a five-strain mixture of less than or equal to 200 or ca. 10(5) l. monocytogenes cells per package, vacuum packaged, and stored at 4.4 degrees c. survival or growth of listeriae was determined for up to 12 weeks of stora ... | 1989 | 2504110 |
| sero-prevalence of agglutinins to listeria monocytogenes in nigerian domestic animals. | a survey using tube agglutination test was conducted to determine the antibody prevalence to listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 3a and 4b in 1,190 serum samples of 8 animals species from various sources in kano and kaduna states of nigeria. following absorption with staphylococcus aureus antigen to remove cross-reacting agglutinins, 52 (68.4 p. 100) of the horse samples were positive. twenty-six (36.1 p. 100) pig, 52 (20.8 p. 100) cattle, 50 (20.0 p. 100) goat, 20 (20.0 p. 100) d ... | 1989 | 2518470 |
| serovars of listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua from food. | the increase of listeriosis outbreaks in recent years has mainly been due to the consumption of contaminated dairy products. this prompted a revision of prevention and control measures. cheese and other foods (meat, poultry meat) were investigated. for isolation, samples were prepared and investigated according to the recommendations of the fda with some modifications including, in particular, sub-enrichment. suspicious colonies were tested biochemically followed by serological identification wi ... | 1989 | 2631511 |
| immunotoxicity of the semiconductor gallium arsenide in female b6c3f1 mice. | the effects of gallium arsenide (gaas) exposure on immunocompetence of b6c3f1 female mice were investigated. gaas was administered as a single intratracheal instillation at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. fourteen days after exposure, various cellular and humoral immune parameters were assessed. gaas exposure increased spleen cellularity in a dose-dependent manner. however, the percentages of thy 1.2 positive and ig positive cells were decreased and that of f4/80 positive cells was increased do ... | 1989 | 2695379 |
| association of sporadic listeriosis with consumption of uncooked hot dogs and undercooked chicken. | in 1986-87 the centers for disease control conducted an active population-based survey of listeria monocytogenes infections in six regions of the united states. listeriosis was reported in 154 patients: one-third of cases were perinatal and the remaining two-thirds occurred in the elderly and immunosuppressed. 28% of cases were fatal. 82 cases and 239 controls matched for age and underlying disease were enrolled in a study of risk factors for listeriosis. cases were significantly more likely tha ... | 1988 | 2901619 |
| a comparison of two procedures for the isolation of listeria monocytogenes from raw chickens and soft cheese. | a cold enrichment method and a modified fda procedure were compared for the isolation of listeria monocytogenes from raw chickens and soft cheese. l. monocytogenes was isolated from a total of 23 of 222 cheese and 70 of 160 chicken samples by either one or both methods. neither method alone yielded all isolates from the two food types. only 12 cheese and 13 chicken samples were shown to be positive by both methods, although the serotypes isolated were not always identical. on some occasions one ... | 1988 | 3152807 |
| reduced in vivo nonspecific resistance to listeria monocytogenes infection during avian retrovirus-induced immunosuppression. | ten-day-old chickens infected with an avian osteopetrosis virus [mav-2(o)] were more susceptible to challenge with listeria monocytogenes than virus-free chickens, as demonstrated by reduced bacterial clearance from their spleens. reduced clearance of l. monocytogenes was observed throughout a 26-day period after mav-2(o) infection. | 1988 | 3202762 |
| an outbreak of type 4b listeria monocytogenes infection involving patients from eight boston hospitals. | during september and october 1979, 23 patients admitted to hospitals in the boston area had systemic listeria monocytogenes infection. twenty (87%) of these isolates were l monocytogenes type 4b, whereas only nine (33%) of the isolates serotyped during the preceding 26 months had been 4b. patients with type 4b listeria infection during the epidemic period (case patients) differed from patients with sporadic listeria infection in the preceding two years in that more of the case patients had hospi ... | 1986 | 3954524 |
| a virus inhibitor circulating in the blood of chickens, induced by francisella tularensis and listeria monocytogenes. | | 1967 | 4961829 |
| infection, haemorrhagia and death of chick embryos experimentally inoculated with listeria monocytogenes by the intra-allantoic route. | when allantoic sacs of embryonated (spf) chicken eggs were inoculated with different doses to investigate the pathogenicity of two strains of listeria monocytogens (4379 and nctc 5214), infection resulted which spread rapidly throughout the embryonated eggs. when low doses were used small pock lesions on the chorio-allantoic membrane (cam), generalized haemorrhage (especially on the head region) and deaths of the embryos with necrotic foci on the liver and heart were observed. neither the pock l ... | 1983 | 6417944 |
| pathogenicity of natural and experimental listeriosis in newly hatched chicks. | the pathogenicity of listeria monocytogenes for newly hatched chickens exposed to natural infection was examined. organisms entered through the alimentary tract and dissemination followed bacteraemia. among a number of symptoms recorded were unilateral and bilateral toe paralysis. in addition to gross abnormalities in the following tissues, histological lesions were seen in the liver, spleen, heart and kidneys of all infected chicks but brain lesions were observed only in birds with central nerv ... | 1984 | 6424196 |
| pathogenesis and growth of listeria monocytogenes in fertile hens' eggs. | the ld50 for 15-day old chicken embryos inoculated with listeria monocytogenes into the allantoic sac was determined. the growth cycle of the organism was investigated in different tissues and fluids derived from embryonated eggs following inoculation with a suspension of l. monocytogenes equivalent to the ld50. eggs receiving doses of 100 and 1000 times the ld50 were used to examine the effect of high doses on the pathogenesis and growth of listeria in ovo. the pattern of growth of the organism ... | 1984 | 6429979 |
| listeria monocytogenes infections in canada. | since its first isolation by murray in 1926 listeria monocytogenes has become recognized as a significant pathogen occurring worldwide and involving a wide range of wild and domestic animals including man. the first confirmed human listeriosis case in canada was published by stoot in 1951. a later survey based on records maintained at the laboratory centre for disease control, ottawa showed 101 cases detected over a 21 year period in nine provinces. the overall mortality was 30%. the most freque ... | 1984 | 6442654 |
| surveillance of listeria monocytogenes in human and environmental specimens in nova scotia, 1974 to 1981. | we examined specimens for l. monocytogenes using the "cold enrichment" technique of gray et al. (j. bacteriol., 55: 471, 1948) and a nalidixic agar plate (ann. inst. pasteur 111: 90, 1966). between 1974 and may 1981, we isolated l. monocytogenes from four of 5,255 specimens (rectal, vaginal and placental swabs; blood; spinal fluid; semen; necropsy material) which came from eight human populations (neonates, children, adult men, and pregnant and nonpregnant women) and from 161 animals. three of t ... | 1984 | 6442655 |
| purification and further characterization of phenol extract from listeria monocytogenes. | a phenol-water extract of listeria monocytogenes virulent strains 9-125 (serotype 4b) was purified by 3 cycles of ultracentrifugation. the purified extract reacted positively in limulus amoebocyte lysate assay at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml. this value was 1,000 times higher than that for salmonella abortus equi lipopolysaccharide. the phenol extract was toxic to chicken embryos (median lethal dose was 40.5 micrograms) and contained carbohydrates (heptose, hexose, hexosamine, methylpentose ... | 1981 | 6791538 |
| [swine alveolar macrophages: description and functional analysis]. | swine alveolar macrophages (sam) were characterized according to several properties: this spherical cell is able to adhere in vitro to plastic and glass substrata. its size varies from 10 to 20 mu; on the cytochemistry level, up to 85% sam appear to be peroxidase-negative, whereas they are all esterase-positive. the sam phagocytic capacities were investigated by using three different substrata: zymosan, chicken red blood cells and listeria monocytogenes. sam were also characterized by their "acc ... | 1982 | 6819804 |
| cellular immune response to marek's disease: listeriosis as a model of study. | the immune response of chickens to listeria monocytogenes was studied as a potential model for cell-mediated immunocompetence. chickens genetically resistant and susceptible to marek's disease (md) did not differ in their ability to survive listeria, although during the early stages of infection the bacteria replicated more readily in md-susceptible chickens. md-susceptible chickens responded earlier than md-resistant chickens, and with equal or increased intensity, in assays of various componen ... | 1983 | 6870717 |
| chicken antibodies to rabbit muscle actin with a restricted repertoire of f-actin recognition. | this report describes a polyclonal antibody against actin with unexpected and unusual properties. the antibody was raised in chicken immunized with a complex of dnase i and rabbit skeletal muscle actin, and purified from egg yolk by affinity chromatography. in western blots, it reacted with alpha, beta and gamma isoforms of actin. in immunofluorescence and dot blot assays, however, it recognized selectively actin filaments in myofibrils, microvilli of brush border-type epithelium and the "comet ... | 1994 | 7521836 |
| listeria monocytogenes infection and serotype distribution among hiv-infected persons in los angeles county, 1985-1992. | persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are at greater risk of infection with listeria monocytogenes (lm) than the general population. we quantify the risk of listeriosis in persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and hiv infection in los angeles county (lac) and report the lm serotype distribution among hiv-infected patients with listeriosis. active surveillance for listeriosis was performed in lac during most of the period from 1985 through 1992. thirty-four (1 ... | 1995 | 7697442 |
| the direct application of the polymerase chain reaction to dna extracted from foods. | two methods for the successful extraction of dna from foods are described. the rapid lysis method uses a proteinase k buffer system to lyse cells and solubilize food samples. dna is then precipitated using isopropanol. the second method achieves cell lysis using toluene and mutanolysin, and solubilization using guanidium thiocyanate. following protein removal with organic solvents dna is precipitated with isopropanol. both methods enabled the polymerase chain reaction to be applied directly to d ... | 1995 | 7766115 |
| prevalence of listeria monocytogenes in foods in malaysia. | a total of 234 samples of food, consisting of 158 of raw and 76 samples of ready-to-eat food were examined for the presence of listeria monocytogenes. the frequencies of l. monocytogenes contamination in raw foods were: chicken portions (60%), liver (60%) and gizzard (62%), beef (50%), beansprout (85%), prawns (44%), kupang (dried oysters) (33%), bean cake (25%), satay (48%) and leafy vegetables (22%). of the ready-to-eat foods: satay (26%), prawns, squids, clams and chicken dishes (22%), cucumb ... | 1994 | 7811569 |
| growth of listeria monocytogenes on vacuum-packed cooked meats: effects of ph, aw, nitrite and ascorbate. | slices of cooked meats were inoculated with listeria monocytogenes strain murray b, vacuum-packed and stored at either 0 or 5 degrees c. decreases in ph (6.9-5.9) and aw (0.993-0.960; adjusted with sodium chloride) of the cooked meats increased the lag time and reduced the growth rate at 5 degrees c. the type of meat (beef, pork, chicken or turkey) had no effect on the growth of the organism after allowance was made for ph. sodium tripolyphosphate (0.3%) increased growth by increasing the ph of ... | 1994 | 7873338 |
| recovery of heat-injured listeria monocytogenes. | concern has been expressed that the ability of heat-injured listeria monocytogenes cells to resuscitate during refrigerated storage of food may lead to underestimation of their heat resistance. the recovery of heat-injured l. monocytogenes was therefore examined as a function of incubation temperature and composition of recovery medium. heat-injured cells exhibited a broad optimum temperature for recovery centered around 20-25 degrees c. the best recovery medium of those tested was blood agar. i ... | 1994 | 7986674 |
| immunotoxicity of 180 day exposure to polydimethylsiloxane (silicone) fluid, gel and elastomer and polyurethane disks in female b6c3f1 mice. | millions of people have been exposed to silicones which are present in consumer goods such as cosmetics and toiletries, processed foods and household products. in addition, silicones have been used extensively in medical practice as a lubricant in tubing and syringes, and as implantable devices. a silicone widely used in medical practice is polydimethylsiloxane. this study was undertaken to determine the immunotoxicologic potential of long term exposure to the principal constituents of breast im ... | 1994 | 7988384 |
| immunotoxicity of mono-nitrotoluenes in female b6c3f1 mice: ii. meta-nitrotoluene. | the nitrotoluenes are chemicals used in dyes, agricultural products, pharmaceuticals and explosives. in the present studies, the toxicology and immunotoxicity of meta-nitrotoluene (m-nitrotoluene) were evaluated. mice, exposed to m-nitrotoluene at dose levels of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/body weight for 2 weeks by gastric gavage, gained body weight over the treatment period to a slightly greater extent than the control groups. of the selected organs weighed, the liver and kidney of mice exposed to ... | 1994 | 7988387 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of bacterial pathogens: isolation and use to determine host clearance and in vivo replication rates. | temperature-sensitive mutants of bacterial pathogens are relatively easy to obtain and characterize. we have used ts mutants of a number of bacterial pathogens: e. coli and listeria monocytogenes to determine quantitatively the bacterial activities in vitro of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes; e. coli and p. cepacia to study clearance of the bacteria in vivo; and salmonella enteritidis, listeria monocytogenes, e. coli, p. aeruginosa, and p. cepacia to determine quantitatively the rep ... | 1994 | 8057915 |
| effect of ionizing dose rate on the radioresistance of some food pathogenic bacteria. | food pathogenic bacteria including listeria monocytogenes (1a1 and atcc 19111), staphylococcus aureus (gd13 and atcc 13565), escherichia coli o157:h7 (atcc 35150), salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and campylobacter jejuni were exposed to various rates of ionizing radiation (0.78, 2.6, and 22 kgy/h) emitted by three different 60co irradiators. d10 values (d10 is the radiation dose required to eliminate 90% of a bacterial population (one logarithmic cycle r ... | 1994 | 8069779 |
| sendai virus pneumonia: evidence for the early recruitment of gamma delta t cells during the disease course. | we previously reported that gamma delta t cells appeared and could play a protective role early in infections with intracellular bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes, mycobacterium bovis bcg, and salmonella choleraesuis. to extend these findings to virus infection, we examined the developmental sequence of gamma delta t cells in bronchoalveolar lavage during the course of sendai virus infection in c57bl/6 mice. to produce a natural but nonlethal infection course as far as possible, we used a ... | 1994 | 8189536 |
| fate of listeria monocytogenes and pediococcal starter cultures during the manufacture of chicken summer sausage. | two formulations of chicken summer sausages [100% hand deboned chicken meat (hdcm) and 85% hdcm and 15% chicken hearts (hdcm-ch)] were prepared with a nonpediocin-producing (ped-) pediococcus acidilactici starter culture and inoculated with 10(4) or 10(7) cfu of a five-strain mixture of listeria monocytogenes/g of batter. sausages were fermented to ph 5.0 (11 h), cooked to an internal temperature of 66.5 c, cold-showered, and stored at 4 c (60 days) and 30 c (7 days). for both formulations and i ... | 1993 | 8234138 |
| rapid determination of listeria monocytogenes in foods using a resuscitation/selection/kit system detection. | a resuscitation medium consisting of a trypticase soy broth base supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract, 0.25% sodium pyruvate, 0.01% sodium thioglycollate, and 0.1% chicken fat was used in the resuscitation of heat-injured and freeze-injured cells of listeria monocytogenes. after a resuscitation period of 4-h, the medium was made selective through the addition of nalidixic acid, acriflavin, and cycloheximide. the organisms were incubated in the selectivized medium at 35 degrees c for an additiona ... | 1993 | 8318857 |
| genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in food-borne isolates of listeria innocua. | eleven of 12 tetracycline-resistant listeria innocua strains, isolated from chicken or turkey frankfurters and mozzarella cheese, were shown to carry dna sequences which hybridized with the tet m probe; of these, two strains also hybridized with tet k. the remaining strain hybridized with the tet k probe only. the tet m determinant appeared to be located on the chromosome; in one case, it was transferable by conjugation to recipients listeria monocytogenes, listeria ivanovii, and enterococcus fa ... | 1993 | 8434927 |
| efficacy of a lactic acid/sodium benzoate wash solution in reducing bacterial contamination of raw chicken. | raw chicken wings inoculated with salmonella, campylobacter jejuni, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, or escherichia coli o157:h7 were washed in water (control) or a solution of a 0.5% lactic acid/0.05% sodium benzoate (lb) (ph 2.64) for 30 min. viable cells of pathogenic bacteria and naturally occurring psychrotrophic bacteria on wings were enumerated after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of storage at 4 degrees c. lower populations of pathogenic and psychrotrophic bacteria were detected on ... | 1995 | 8527331 |
| recovery of different listeria ribotypes from naturally contaminated, raw refrigerated meat and poultry products with two primary enrichment media. | isolation rates for listeria monocytogenes and the other listeria spp. typically improve when samples are enriched in more than one primary enrichment medium. this study evaluated the abilities of two primary enrichment media, university of vermont-modified listeria enrichment broth (uvm) and listeria repair broth (lrb), to recover different ribotypes of listeria spp. from raw meat and poultry samples. forty-five paired 25-g retail samples of ground beef, pork sausage, ground turkey, and chicken ... | 1996 | 8633878 |
| the incidence and level of listeria monocytogenes contamination of food sources at primary production and initial processing. | listeria monocytogenes was isolated in low numbers from a variety of environmental samples associated with the primary production of food, including vegetation, faeces and meat. the organism was rarely detected on growing grass and vegetables prior to processing. the excretion of l. monocytogenes by farm animals was linked to their diet, with animals fed entirely on hay or manufactured diets not excreting detectable levels of listeria (i.e. absence in 25 g). however, animals fed on silage, which ... | 1996 | 8972091 |
| internalin of listeria monocytogenes with an intact leucine-rich repeat region is sufficient to promote internalization. | listeria monocytogenes can use two different surface proteins, internalin (inla) and inlb, to invade mammalian cells. the exact role of these invasiveness factors in vivo remains to be determined. in cultured cells, inla is necessary to promote listeria entry into human epithelial cells, such as caco-2 cells, whereas inlb is necessary to promote listeria internalization in several other cell types, including hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and epithelioid cells, such as vero, hela, cho, or hep-2 cells ... | 1997 | 9393831 |
| effects of gamma irradiation on the survival of listeria monocytogenes and on its growth at refrigeration temperature in poultry and red meat. | gamma irradiation sensitivity of a strain of listeria monocytogenes was determined in trypticase soy broth supplemented with yeast extract (tsb-ye), in a slurry of chicken breast meat and in raw ground beef. d10 values in these different media were 0.364, 0.599, and 0.699 kgy, respectively. this organism appeared most sensitive in tsb-ye, more resistant in minced fresh chicken breast meat, and most resistant in fresh minced beef. it was found that irradiation at 2.5 kgy prior to refrigeration is ... | 1997 | 9438279 |
| the inla gene of listeria monocytogenes lo28 harbors a nonsense mutation resulting in release of internalin. | internalin is a surface protein that mediates entry of listeria monocytogenes egd into epithelial cells expressing the cell adhesion molecule human e-cadherin or its chicken homolog, l-cam, which act as receptors for internalin. after observing that entry of l. monocytogenes lo28 into s180 fibroblasts, in contrast to that of egd, did not increase after transfection with l-cam, we examined both the expression and the structure of internalin in strain lo28. we discovered a nonsense mutation in inl ... | 1998 | 9632615 |
| destruction of salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes in chicken manure by drying and/or gassing with ammonia. | escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes were able to grow for a period of 2 days in fresh chicken manure at 20 degrees c with a resulting 1-2 log units increase in cfu; salmonella typhimurium remained stable. prolongation of the storage time to 6 days resulted in a 1-2 log decreases of s. typhimurium compared to the initial count and a 3-4 log decrease of e. coli o157:h7; the number of l. monocytogenes did not decrease below the initial. these changes were accompanied by an increase ... | 1999 | 10077842 |
| inhibition of salmonella typhimurium in the chicken intestinal tract by a transformed avirulent avian escherichia coli. | an avirulent, wild-type avian escherichia coli (e. coli av) was electrotransformed with a plasmid coding for the production of microcin 24 (pgob18) and was designated e. coli avgob18. the transformant inhibited the growth of seven serotypes of salmonella commonly associated with colonization and contamination of poultry products and seven strains of e. coli o157:h7 in the in vitro colicin/microcin assay. the transformant did not inhibit the replication of multiple isolates of listeria monocytoge ... | 1999 | 10396637 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography determination of residue levels on chicken carcasses treated with cetylpyridinium chloride. | cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) has been found to be effective in reducing contamination of chicken carcasses from a variety of microorganisms, including escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, campylobacter jejuni, aeromonas hydrophila, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus. a procedure has been developed to determine residue levels on chicken carcasses after cpc treatment. for the analysis, chicken carcasses were extracted with 95% ethanol. the cpc concentration in the ext ... | 1999 | 10406212 |
| incidence of salmonella, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and listeria monocytogenes in poultry carcasses and different types of poultry products for sale on the belgian retail market. | from january 1997 to may 1998, 772 samples of poultry carcasses and poultry products for sale on the retail market in belgium were analyzed for the presence of salmonella spp., salmonella enteritidis, campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and listeria monocytogenes per 100 cm2 or 25 g. poultry samples were contaminated with salmonella (36.5%), c. jejuni and c. coli (28.5%), and l. monocytogenes (38.2%). in about 12.3% of the poultry samples, the l. monocytogenes contamination level exceeded 1 cfu per g ... | 1999 | 10419264 |
| incidence and characterization of listeria monocytogenes from domestic and imported foods in korea. | a total of 1,537 domestic and imported food products were examined for the incidence of listeria monocytogenes between 1993 and 1997 in korea. l. monocytogenes was detected using the u.s. department of agriculture isolation method. isolated l. monocytogenes was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction with hly1 and hly2 primers designed from the listeriolysin o. overall, 122 samples (7.9%) contained l. monocytogenes. the rate of isolation was 4.3% for beef, 19.1% for pork, 30.2% for chicken, 1.2% ... | 2000 | 10678422 |
| survival characteristics and the applicability of predictive mathematical modelling to listeria monocytogenes growth in sous vide products. | survival and growth of listeria monocytogenes isolates during sous vide processing and storage, and the applicability of predictive modelling in determining the potential for growth of l. monocytogenes in broth models and in sous vide products was investigated. l. monocytogenes grew in anaerobic tryptose phosphate broth and in chicken and beef samples by 2 log cycles in 8 days at 3 degrees c and 4-5 log cycles in 6 days at 8 degrees c. however, heating to an internal temperature of 70 degrees c ... | 2000 | 10857538 |
| rapid detection of salmonella typhimurium in chicken carcass wash water using an immunoelectrochemical method. | an immunoelectrochemical method coupled with immunomagnetic separation was developed for rapid detection of salmonella typhimurium in chicken carcass wash water. samples of chicken carcass wash water were inoculated with salmonella typhimurium at different cell numbers. possible nonspecified inhibitors in the wash water were minimized by filtration and centrifugation. an approximately 9.4% loss of salmonella cells was found after filtration (p < 0.01). the samples were mixed with anti-salmonella ... | 2000 | 10945578 |
| prevalence and contamination levels of listeria monocytogenes in retail foods in japan. | retail foods in japan were surveyed for the presence and contamination levels of l. monocytogenes. it was isolated from 12.2, 20.6, 37.0 and 25.0% of 41 minced beef, 34 minced pork, 46 minced chicken and 16 minced pork-beef mixture samples, respectively. mpn values were higher than 100/g in five (10.9%) minced chicken samples, but lower than 100/g in all minced beef, pork and pork-beef mixture samples. the organism was also isolated from 5.4% of the 92 smoked salmon samples at mpn values lower t ... | 2000 | 10946841 |
| predictions of growth for listeria monocytogenes and salmonella during fluctuating temperature. | we studied the predictive performance of a dynamic modelling approach, combined with predictions from the food micromodel software, applied to the growth of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella in pasteurised milk, chicken liver pâté and minced chicken, under constant as well as fluctuating temperatures. we found that, in general, the accuracy of a prediction under fluctuation temperature was similar to that under constant temperature. generally, there was a good agreement between predictions a ... | 2000 | 11020037 |
| microbiological hazard identification and exposure assessment of street food vending in johannesburg, south africa. | one hundred and thirty-two samples of beef, chicken, salad and gravy were collected from two street vendors over eleven replicate surveys to assess microbiological safety and quality. for each food type samples were collected during preparation and holding. dish water was also collected and food preparation surfaces swabbed during preparation and display. standard methods were used to determine aerobic plate counts, enterobacteriaceae counts, coliform counts and spore counts. six hundred and sev ... | 2000 | 11078164 |
| automated simultaneous detection of low levels of listeriae and salmonellae in foods. | salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes continue to be major pathogens of concern to food processors. however, routine screening of food samples to detect these pathogens is generally labor intensive and costly. automated optical procedures for the detection of salmonellae and listeriae in foods were developed in our laboratory. in the present study we report their adaptation to a simultaneous recovery and detection procedure. milk, shell eggs, fresh and ready-to-eat (rte) meats or raw chicke ... | 2001 | 11246906 |
| effect of different complex carbon sources on growth and bacteriocin synthesis of enterococcus faecium. | different criteria are followed in order to select bacteria to be used in probiotic and symbiotic supplements. a new parameter to choose strains could be fermentation by intestinal bacteria of some complex carbohydrates because they are prebiotics and promote the development of beneficial microorganisms in the intestinal environment. an enterococcus faecium strain, isolated from the crop of a free-range chicken, was assayed in order to determine the utilization of commercial sugars and/or crude ... | 2001 | 11246907 |
| listeria species in raw and ready-to-eat foods from restaurants. | from september 1999 to march 2000, meat (pork, beef, and chicken), fish (salmon, hake, and sole), vegetable (lettuce and spinach), and spanish potato omelette samples obtained at restaurants were collected and tested for the occurrence of listeria spp. listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 3 (2.9%) out of 103 studied samples. other species isolated were listeria grayi (13.6%), listeria innocua (1.9%), listeria ivanovii (5.8%), listeria seeligeri (3.9%), and listeria welshimeri (1.9%). listeri ... | 2001 | 11307896 |
| incidence and characterization of listeria spp. from foods available in korea. | a total of 410 domestic korean food samples were analyzed for the presence of listeria spp. by the conventional u.s. department of agriculture protocol, and presumptive strains were identified by morphological, cultural and biochemical tests according to bergey's manual and confirmed by api-listeria kit. among the total 410 food samples, 46 samples (11.2%) were found to be contaminated with listeria species. among the 46 strains of listeria spp. isolates, 8 strains (17.42%) for listeria monocyto ... | 2001 | 11307897 |
| occurrence of listeria species in retail poultry meat and comparison of a cultural/immunoassay for their detection. | the prevalence of listeria spp. on the skin of a hundred fresh chicken carcasses purchased from 20 retail stores in león was investigated using the routine test procedure recommended by the united states department of agriculture (usda). palcam and modified oxford agar (mox) were used for isolation. listeria spp., listeria monocytogenes, l. innocua, l. welshimeri, l. grayi and l. ivanovii were present in 95%, 32%, 66%, 7%, 4% and 2% of the samples, respectively. next, an immunoassay test (lister ... | 2001 | 11322703 |
| influence of strain and trisodium phosphate concentration on growth parameters of listeria monocytogenes in vitro. | the present study was conducted to determine the influence of strain and trisodium phosphate (tsp) concentration in the growth of listeria monocytogenes in vitro. | 2001 | 11412357 |
| sensitivity and specificity of the bax for screening/listeria monocytogenes assay: internal validation and independent laboratory study. | in this study to certify the bax for screening/listeria monocytogenes assay (dupont qualicon, wilmington, de), an internal evaluation was conducted on 16 food types that were simultaneously analyzed with the bax system (bax), and the iso method for the detection of l. monocytogenes (iso). no statistically significant difference in performance between the bax and iso methods was observed. inclusivity/exclusivity testing showed that the bax system was able to detect 97 of 97 (100%) of l. monocytog ... | 2001 | 11501909 |
| listeriosis: an emerging food-borne disease. | listeriosis is a serious disease acquired by ingestion of foods contaminated with listeria monocytogenes. special populations at risk are individuals who are immunocompromised to some extent. the most common clinical findings include meningitis, septicemia, encephalitis, and intrauterine/cervical infections. food related listeriosis is an unusual occurrence but it is now being thought of as a new, and emergent illness. numerous types of food products have been implicated in listeriosis infection ... | 2001 | 11517630 |
| efficacy of trisodium phosphate solutions in reducing listeria monocytogenes populations on chicken skin during refrigerated storage. | chicken skin inoculated with l0(8) cfu/ml of listeria monocytogenes was dipped for 15 min in sterile water (control) and in 8, 10, or 12% trisodium phosphate (tsp) solutions. skin samples were stored at 2 degrees c for 5 days, with microbial monitoring on days 0, 1, 3, and 5 after treatment. compared to the water dip, all tsp treatments significantly (p < 0.05) reduced l monocytogenes populations on chicken skin. the concentration of the tsp was a significant factor in reducing the populations o ... | 2001 | 11601719 |
| evaluation of universal preenrichment broth for growth of heat-injured pathogens. | universal preenrichment broth (upb) was developed to enable enrichment of injured foodborne pathogens of different genera simultaneously in lieu of having to undergo separate simultaneous enrichment cultures for subsequent detection or isolation of each pathogen. enrichment conditions in upb for growth of injured pathogens to populations that will enable pathogen detection by rapid immuno-based or polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assays have not been defined. hence, studies were done to det ... | 2001 | 11726154 |
| evaluation of two commercial methods for the detection of listeria sp. and listeria monocytogenes in a chicken nugget processing plant. | this study measures the detection performances of two rapid test systems (listeria rapid test clearview and bax system) for the screening of listeria sp. and listeria monocytogenes, respectively. a total of 413 samples from different sources (product from (i) different stages of processing, (ii) different environments, and (iii) different food handlers), collected from a chicken nugget processing plant, were analysed by both rapid methods and a cultural method consisting of pre-enrichment, enric ... | 2002 | 11989773 |
| effect of selected generally recognized as safe preservative sprays on growth of listeria monocytogenes on chicken luncheon meat. | the ability of selected generally recognized as safe (gras) chemical preservatives to reduce populations or inhibit growth of listeria monocytogenes on chicken luncheon meat was evaluated. slices of luncheon meat were treated by evenly spraying onto their surfaces 0.2 ml of a solution of one of four preservatives (sodium benzoate, sodium propionate, potassium sorbate, and sodium diacetate) at one of three different concentrations (15, 20, or 25% [wt/vol]). each slice was then surface inoculated ... | 2002 | 12030290 |
| influence of poultry carcass skin sample site on the effectiveness of trisodium phosphate against listeria monocytogenes. | the aim of this study was to determine the influence of skin sample site on the efficacy of trisodium phosphate (tsp) solutions in reducing listeria monocytogenes populations on chicken carcasses during refrigerated storage. chicken skin samples from the legs, the breasts, and the dorsal area inoculated with l. monocytogenes (10(8) cfu/ml) were dipped for 15 min in sterile tap water (control) or in 8, 10, or 12% tsp. l. monocytogenes counts and surface ph values were determined after 0, 1, 3, an ... | 2002 | 12030300 |
| effects of uv irradiation on selected pathogens in peptone water and on stainless steel and chicken meat. | effects of intensity and processing time of 254 nm uv irradiation on listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, and salmonella typhimurium were investigated. intensities measured at 5.08, 10.1, 15.2, and 20.3 cm from the light source were 1.000, 500, 250, and 150 microw/cm2, respectively. intensities of 250 or 500 microw/cm2 reduced all suspended pathogen cells in peptone water about 5 log cycles after 2 min and completely inactivated l. monocytogenes and e. coli o157:h7 after 3 min by re ... | 2002 | 12117248 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes in chicken cold cuts by addition of sakacin p and sakacin p-producing lactobacillus sakei. | to evaluate the potential of sakacin p and sakacin p-producing lactobacillus sakei for the inhibition of growth of listeria monocytogenes in chicken cold cuts, by answering the following questions. (i) is sakacin p actually produced in food? (ii) is sakacin p produced in situ responsible for the inhibiting effect? (iii) how stable is sakacin p in food? | 2002 | 12147066 |
| molecular characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolated from a poultry further processing facility and from fully cooked product. | this study was undertaken to explore environmental sources of listeria monocytogenes in a commercial chicken further processing facility and to compare the isolates obtained from this facility with others obtained from fully cooked product. in a survey conducted at the processing facility, 40 environmental sites (encompassing two production lines and representing areas in which raw and cooked products are processed) were cultured for l. monocytogenes. the resulting isolates were subjected to mol ... | 2002 | 12380741 |
| defined competitive exclusion cultures in the prevention of enteropathogen colonisation in poultry and swine. | a competitive exclusion culture (ce) containing a mixture of 29 different bacterial isolates obtained from the cecae of broiler chickens was developed utilizing continuous-flow culture techniques. this culture (cf3) has been efficacious in controlling gut colonization by enteropathogens in both experimentally infected broilers and under commercial field conditions. in day-old broiler chicks provided cf3, and challenged with 10,000 cfu salmonella typhimurium greater than a 99% reduction in salmon ... | 2002 | 12448744 |
| effectiveness of trisodium phosphate against listeria monocytogenes on excised and nonexcised chicken skin. | the influence of sample type (i.e., excised versus nonexcised chicken skin) on the efficiency of trisodium phosphate (tsp) solutions in reducing listeria monocytogenes populations and inhibiting their growth during refrigerated storage was studied. whole chicken legs and excised chicken leg skin fragments inoculated with 10(8) cfu of l. monocytogenes per ml were dipped for 15 min in sterile tap water (control) or in a solution containing 8, 10, or 12% tsp. l. monocytogenes counts were determined ... | 2003 | 12540182 |
| [studies on the effect of combined treatment of irradiation with vacuum packaging on ready-to-eat meat products contaminated with listeria monocytogenes and spoilage bacteria]. | altogether one hundred and fifty samples of beijing roast duck, roast chicken and cooked meat products inoculated with approximately 1.5 x 10(3)-2.3 x 10(3) cfu/g l. monocytogenes are packed under vacuum and are irradiated with 60co radiation at doses of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5 and 3 kgy. the results showed that l. monocytogenes in samples can be eliminated by a dose of 2.5 kgy. the resistance of the model strain 54004 to irradiation is stranger than three isolates (x20, g4 and g2). in addition, the spoil ... | 2002 | 12600048 |
| rapid detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 inoculated in ground beef, chicken carcass, and lettuce samples with an immunomagnetic chemiluminescence fiber-optic biosensor. | a biosensor was evaluated with regard to its usefulness in the rapid detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 inoculated in ground beef, chicken carcass, and romaine lettuce samples. the biosensor consisted of a chemiluminescence reaction cell, a fiber-optic light guide, and a luminometer linked to a personal computer in conjunction with immunomagnetic separation. the samples inoculated with e. coli o157:h7 were first centrifuged and suspended in buffered peptone water and then incubated with anti- ... | 2003 | 12636312 |
| quantitative risk assessment of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods: the fao/who approach. | quantitative microbiological risk assessment is a very new and unique scientific approach able to link, for the first time, data from food (in the farm-to-fork continuum) and the various data on human disease to provide a clear estimation of the impact of contaminated food on human public health. the food and agriculture organization of the united nations (fao) and the world health organization (who) have recently launched risk assessment studies of a number of pathogen-food commodity combinatio ... | 2003 | 12648845 |
| determination of thermal lethality of listeria monocytogenes in fully cooked chicken breast fillets and strips during postcook in-package pasteurization. | fully cooked chicken breast fillets and strips were surface inoculated with a cocktail of listeria monocytogenes culture. the inoculation level was 10(7) to 10(8) cfu/g meat. the inoculated products were vacuum packaged and pasteurized at 90 degrees c with a pilot-scale steam or hot water cooker. after heat treatment, the survivors of l. monocytogenes were enumerated. no significant difference was found on survivors of l. monocytogenes between steam- and hot water-treated products. to achieve a ... | 2003 | 12696679 |
| interactions of the bacteriocins sakacin p and nisin with food constituents. | bacteriocins are amphiphilic peptides susceptible to adsorption to food macromolecules and proteolytic degradation. these properties may limit their use as preservation agents. the aim of the present work has been to elucidate the fate of the bacteriocin sakacin p in food. nisin was used in a few experiments for comparison. recovery of bacteriocins was studied in homogenates of cold-smoked salmon, chicken cold cuts and raw chicken, with verification of the results in the corresponding food produ ... | 2003 | 12927705 |
| real-time application of automated ribotyping and dna macrorestriction analysis in the setting of a listeriosis outbreak. | a cluster of three cases of listeriosis cases occurred against a background of endemic listeriosis in western australia. human and environmental isolates of listeria monocytogenes obtained during the outbreak investigation were rapidly subtyped by automated ribotyping using an ecori protocol and a riboprinter. dna macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was used to confirm the relatedness of isolates. serogroup 1/2 predominated among the food samples and the four cli ... | 2003 | 12948362 |
| presence of listeria and salmonella spp. in retail chicken in northern ireland. | retail packs of fresh chicken in northern ireland were sampled to determine the frequency with which they were contaminated with salmonella and listeria spp. | 2003 | 14633115 |
| pathology of listerial encephalitis in chickens in japan. | neural signs (torticollis, drowsiness) and mortality were observed in five chickens of a native chicken flock (reared for meat) that included 450 male birds on a farm that had 2300 native chickens and 1120 layers. histologic lesions were observed in the medulla oblongata, optic lobe, cerebellum, and spinal cord of the affected birds. the lesions, which were most severe in the medulla oblongata, were massive abscesses with rarefaction (demyelination and malacia) of the parenchyma with gram-positi ... | 2003 | 14709003 |
| behavior of listeria monocytogenes in a pseudomonas putida biofilm on a condensate-forming surface. | listeria monocytogenes has been isolated from condensate-forming surfaces in food processing plants. the objective of this research was to observe the behavior of l. monocytogenes on condensate-covered stainless steel with a pseudomonas putida biofilm. l. monocytogenes-containing biofilms, either with or without added chicken protein, were incubated in a high humidity chamber at 12 degrees c to allow formation of condensate. samples were analyzed for attached and unattached l. monocytogenes and ... | 2004 | 14968965 |
| [presence of escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella spp. in food from animal origin in costa rica]. | the presence of escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella spp was analyzed in two kinds of food from animal origin in costa rica. 100 samples of non pasteurized milk, from the principal producing zones of the country, and 100 samples of chicken giblets, purchased in retail markets, were analyzed according to the methodology described by food and drug administration, 1995. escherichia coli o157:h7 was analyzed in both kinds of food, while l. monocytogenes was evaluated in ra ... | 2003 | 15125081 |
| biohazards and ecotoxicological considerations of landspreading of spent compost wastes. | spent mushroom compost (smc) is a major waste of the mushroom industry with low economic value. smc arises after mushroom production in phase ii compost (piic), predominantly comprising straw and chicken litter as principal raw ingredients. the majority of smc waste is disposed off by application to agricultural land. it is an attractive proposition for utilising smc as soil inorganic fertiliser supplementation. however, there is limited data available as to the consequences of this method of di ... | 2003 | 15151327 |
| investigation of the effectiveness of ascopyrone p as a food preservative. | ascopyrone p (app), a novel antibacterial from fungi, was evaluated as a food preservative. efficacy was generally assessed by comparing the time taken for test strains to grow to 10(6) cfu/g in food +/- app. in chilled chicken soup, 2000 mg kg-1 app prevented bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas fluorescens, salmonella and escherichia coli reaching this threshold for >60 days. good activity was also observed at 500-1000 mg kg-1 but not against l. monocytogenes. no activity was o ... | 2004 | 15163588 |
| effect of sodium lactate on thermal inactivation of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella in ground chicken thigh and leg meat. | the effect of sodium lactate on thermal inactivation d- and z-values of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella was determined for chicken thigh and leg meat. at 55 to 70 degrees c, the d-value of l. monocytogenes in ground chicken thigh and leg meat with the addition of 4.8% sodium lactate (4.8 g sodium lactate per 100 g of meat) was 53 to 75% higher than that in the meat without sodium lactate. no significant difference was found for the d-values of salmonella at 55 to 70 degrees c between the m ... | 2004 | 15270493 |
| thermal inactivation of salmonella and listeria monocytogenes in ground chicken thigh/leg meat and skin. | thermal inactivation d and z values of salmonella and listeria monocytogenes were obtained for chicken thigh and leg meat and skin. the d values of salmonella at 55 to 70 degrees c were 43.33 to 0.07 min in the meat and 43.76 to 0.09 min in the skin. the d values of l. monocytogenes at 55 to 70 degrees c were 38.94 to 0.04 min in the meat and 34.05 to 0.05 min in the skin. the z value of salmonella was 5.34 degrees c in the meat and 5.56 degrees c in the skin. the z value of l. monocytogenes was ... | 2004 | 15285516 |
| optimization of rapid detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes by pcr and application to field test. | for rapid detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes, simple methods for sample preparation and pcr were established and applied to a field test. to improve specificity, primer sets lp43-lp44 and c(+)-d(-) were selected for e. coli o157:h7 and l. monocytogenes, respectively. through centrifugation and partial heat treatment after enrichment, e. coli o157:h7 and l. monocytogenes were detected at 1 initial cfu without genomic dna extraction in the culture and with artificiall ... | 2004 | 15330527 |
| genetic characterization of listeria monocytogenes food isolates and pathogenic potential within serovars 1/2a and 1/2b. | a total of 39 listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from raw milk, smoked meat, chicken carcass and reference strains, belonging to serovars 1/2a, 4a, 1/2b, 3b and 4b, were analysed by rapd and by polymorphisms of the virulent genes inlab and iap. ten isolates, belonging to serovars 1/2a and 1/2b and, collected from raw milk and smoked meat, were further tested for pathogenicity by ip injection into mice. the clustering of the 39 l. monocytogenes strains in 3 groups at 0.45 similarity level, b ... | 2004 | 15368851 |
| foodborne disease outbreaks in australia, 1995 to 2000. | health agencies are increasingly conducting systematic reviews of foodborne disease outbreak investigations to develop strategies to prevent future outbreaks. we surveyed state and territory health departments to summarise the epidemiology of foodborne disease outbreaks in australia from 1995 to 2000. from 1995 through 2000, 293 outbreaks were identified, with 214 being of foodborne origin. one hundred and seventy-four (81%) had a known aetiology, and accounted for 80 per cent (6,472/8,124) of i ... | 2004 | 15460958 |