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identification and genetic characterization of equine hepaciviruses in italy.viruses similar to human hepatitis c virus, hepaciviruses, have been identified in various animal species. equine hepacivirus (eqhv) is the closest relative of human hepaciviruses. although detected worldwide, information on eqhv epidemiology, genetic diversity and pathogenicity is still limited. in this study we investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of eqhv in italian equids. the rna of eqhv was detected in 91/1932 sera (4.7%) whilst it was not detectable in 134 donkey sera screened ...201728757030
equine hepacivirus persistent infection in a horse with chronic wasting.equine hepacivirus is the closest homologue of hepatitis c virus. limited data on the clinical features of this infection are available. we report the identification of a horse with high-titre viremia by equine hepacivirus. over a 15-month follow-up, the clinical signs and the viremic status persisted, suggesting a chronic evolution.201728707785
frequent occurrence of nonprimate hepacivirus infections in thoroughbred breeding horses - a cross-sectional study for the occurrence of infections and potential risk factors.recently, several new hepaciviruses have been identified of which the nonprimate hepacivirus (nphv) - the closest relative to hepatitis c virus (hcv) discovered to date - is highly prevalent in horses. however, potential risk factors for the transmission of nphv among horses remain still unknown. therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of nphv infections in thoroughbreds in northern and western germany and to identify potential risk factors associated with nphv i ...201728619163
first description of hepacivirus and pegivirus infection in domestic horses in china: a study in guangdong province, heilongjiang province and hong kong district.since 2012, three viruses, known as equine hepacivirus (eqhv), equine pegivirus (epgv) and theiler's disease-associated virus (tdav), have been discovered in equines. given that these viruses are the newest members of the flaviviridae family, genomic information concerning circulating eqhv, epgv and tdav strains around the world is limited. to date, no genetic surveillance studies have been performed on these three viruses in the equine population of china. here, a total of 177 serum samples wer ...201627182887
experimental transmission of equine hepacivirus in horses as a model for hepatitis c virus.equine hepacivirus (ehcv; nonprimate hepacivirus) is a hepatotropic member of the flaviviridae family that infects horses. although ehcv is the closest known relative to hepatitis c virus (hcv), its complete replication kinetics in vivo have not been described, and direct evidence that it causes hepatitis has been lacking. in this study, we detected ehcv in 2 horses that developed post-transfusion hepatitis. plasma and serum from these horses were used to experimentally transmit ehcv to 4 young ...201525580897
identification of two phylogenetic lineages of equine hepacivirus and high prevalence in brazil.non-primate hepacivirus (nphv), as described in horses, is the virus most genetically related to hepatitis c virus (hcv). although detected worldwide, limited data on genomic variability and distribution of nphv are available in latin america. the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and prevalence of equine nphv in brazil. thirteen percent of 202 equines from three brazilian states were positive for nphv genome by reverse transcriptase pcr. nucleotide sequences of the part ...201526545848
differential infection patterns and recent evolutionary origins of equine hepaciviruses in donkeys.the hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a major human pathogen. genetically related viruses in animals suggest a zoonotic origin of hcv. the closest relative of hcv is found in horses (termed equine hepacivirus [eqhv]). however, low eqhv genetic diversity implies relatively recent acquisition of eqhv by horses, making a derivation of hcv from eqhv unlikely. to unravel the eqhv evolutionary history within equid sister species, we analyzed 829 donkeys and 53 mules sampled in nine european, asian, african, ...201727795428
prevalence of equine hepacivirus infections in france and evidence for two viral subtypes circulating worldwide.like hepatitis c virus (hcv) in humans, the newly identified equine hepacivirus (nphv) displays a predominating liver tropism that may evolve into chronic infections. the genomes of the two viruses share several organizational and functional features and are phylogenetically closest amongst the hepacivirus genus. a limited amount of data is available regarding the spread of hepacivirus infections in horses. in this study, we asked whether in a more representative sample the prevalence and distri ...201627882682
first identification and phylogenetic analysis of equine hepacivirus in korea.non-primate hepacivirus (nphv) corresponds a group of isolates recently characterized in horses and dogs that present similar genomic organization and are closely related to hepatitis c virus. since canine hapacivirus, nphv identified in dogs, was first discovered in dogs in the united states, equine hepacivirus (eqhv, nphv identified in horses) has been identified in horses in several countries. however, no epidemiological studies have investigated eqhv in horses in korea. in this study, a tota ...201728161473
hallmarks of hepatitis c virus in equine hepacivirus.equine hepacivirus (ehcv) has been identified as a closely related homologue of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in the united states, the united kingdom, and germany, but not in asian countries. in this study, we genetically and serologically screened 31 serum samples obtained from japanese-born domestic horses for ehcv infection and subsequently identified 11 pcr-positive and 7 seropositive serum samples. we determined the full sequence of the ehcv genome, including the 3' untranslated region (utr), wh ...201425210167
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