| standardization and quality control of leishmania tropica vaccine. | | 1974 | 4214819 |
| outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel. | this study describes a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) due to leishmania tropica, in the galilee region of northern israel. thirty-three cases from 4 villages (northern part) and from the city of tiberias (southern part) have been clinically diagnosed since 1996. parasites from 13 patients and from 6 sand flies were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis, 2 immunological methods, and 3 polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods. isolates from the northern part were antigenically ... | 2003 | 14513429 |
| bionomics of phlebotomine sandflies in the galilee focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel. | the bionomics of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) were studied for three years (2001-2003) in the galilee focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel, where the causative leishmania tropica (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) is transmitted by phlebotomus (adlerius) arabicus theodor and phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) sergenti parrot, comprising 22% and 8%, respectively, of the local sandfly fauna sampled by light traps. the predominant species overall was phlebotomus (larrouss ... | 2004 | 15642009 |
| leishmania tropica in northern israel: a clinical overview of an emerging focus. | in israel, most cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is caused by leishmania major. recently a new focus of cl caused by leishmania tropica has been described in tiberias and the surrounding area of northern israel. | 2005 | 16243129 |
| distinct transmission cycles of leishmania tropica in 2 adjacent foci, northern israel. | transmission of leishmania tropica was studied in 2 adjacent foci in israel where vector populations differ. only phlebotomus sergenti was found infected with l. tropica in the southern focus; p. arabicus was the main vector in the northern focus. rock hyraxes (procavia capensis) were incriminated as reservoir hosts in both foci. l. tropica strains from the northern focus isolated from sand flies, cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, and rock hyraxes were antigenically similar to l. major, and strains ... | 2006 | 17326936 |
| leishmania tropica infection in golden jackals and red foxes, israel. | during a survey of wild canids, internal transcribed spacer 1 real-time pcr and high-resolution melt analysis identified leishmania tropica in samples from jackals and foxes. infection was most prevalent in ear and spleen samples. jackals and foxes may play a role in the spread of zoonotic l. tropica. | 2010 | 21122235 |
| liposomal amphotericin b treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania tropica. | background  cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is endemic in israel, and in the past, has been attributed almost exclusively to leishmania major. over the last decade or so, an increase in leishmania tropica (l. tropica) infections has occurred in several regions of israel. topical treatment of old world cl is usually the rule, however, in some cases systemic treatment is indicated. liposomal amphotericin b (l-amb) is efficacious and safe for treating visceral leishmaniasis but its role in treating va ... | 2010 | 21129042 |
| geographic and epidemiologic analysis of the cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak in northern israel, 2000-2003. | the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel began to rise in 2000, peaking at 41.0 per 100,000 in the kinneret subdistrict during the first half of 2003. | 2010 | 21243862 |
| intraspecific variability of natural populations of phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of leishmania tropica. | an intraspecific study of phlebotomus sergenti was performed on populations from turkey, syria, israel, and uzbekistan by four different approaches: geometric morphometrics, rapd analysis, internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) sequencing (nuclear marker), and cytochrome b sequencing (mitochondrial marker). in rapd analysis, distinct clades were formed in accordance with the geographical origin of the specimens. there was no distinct grouping according to place of origin within the turkish samples ... | 2011 | 21366780 |
| breeding sites of phlebotomus sergenti, the sand fly vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the judean desert. | phlebotomine sand flies transmit leishmania, phlebo-viruses and bartonella to humans. a prominent gap in our knowledge of sand fly biology remains the ecology of their immature stages. sand flies, unlike mosquitoes do not breed in water and only small numbers of larvae have been recovered from diverse habitats that provide stable temperatures, high humidity and decaying organic matter. we describe studies designed to identify and characterize sand fly breeding habitats in a judean desert focus o ... | 2012 | 22802981 |
| distribution and seasonality of phlebotomus sand flies in cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, judean desert, israel. | the ecology of phlebotomus sand flies in cutaneous leishmaniasis foci as a result of leishmania tropica in the judean desert was studied. between 2005 and 2007, >265,000 specimens were trapped outdoors and 1,233 specimens were collected indoors. the catches included phlebotomus sergenti parrot, phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli), phlebotomus syriacus adler & theodor, and phlebotomus tobbi adler & theodor. p. sergenti, the local vector of leishmania tropica, comprised 90% of outdoor catches, and rela ... | 2010 | 20496578 |
| the recent emergence of leishmania tropica in jericho (a'riha) and its environs, a classical focus of l. major. | between 1997 and 2002, 49 strains of leishmania were isolated from the cutaneous lesions of palestinians living in and around jericho. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplifying the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1-pcr) was applied to their cultured promastigotes and to 207 individuals' skin scrapings spotted on filter-papers, 107 of which proved positive for leishmanial dna. species identification was performed by restricting the its1-pcr amplification products from the cultured ... | 2004 | 15228491 |
| multifarious characterization of leishmania tropica from a judean desert focus, exposing intraspecific diversity and incriminating phlebotomus sergenti as its vector. | the predominant sand fly species collected inside houses in kfar adumim, an israeli village in the judean desert that is a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, was phlebotomus papatasi, which was also caught attempting to bite humans. phlebotomus sergenti, which is rarely seen inside houses, constituted the predominant sand fly species in caves near the village. leishmania isolates from ph. sergenti and humans typed as leishmania tropica. sand fly and human isolates produced similar small nodular c ... | 2004 | 15100448 |
| observations on immunization against cutaneous leishmaniasis in israel. | trials of immunization against leishmania tropica were initiated in the israel defense forces in 1968. the rate of takes has declined gradually over the years. in 1975, 425 soldiers were inoculated with the same strain of l. tropica as that used since 1968; they were examined at three- and six-month intervals after the inoculation, with 291 soldiers undergoing at least one follow-up examination. only 13.7% developed lesions at the inoculation site, usually between three and six months after the ... | 1978 | 649349 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniases in jenin district, palestine, including characterisation of the causative agents in clinical samples. | during 2002-2009, 466 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) were reported from jenin district, palestine, affecting both genders. the average annual incidence was 23 cases per 100000 inhabitants, increasing with age in children. most cases presented a single lesion, generally on the face. diagnosis and species identification was done by applying internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) rflp analysis to 47 isolates, of which 44 (93.6%) were leishmania tropica and 3 (6.4%) were l. major. rflp analysis ... | 2012 | 22832019 |