| the efficacy of oxfendazole administered as a bolus compared with a drench formulation. | in a flock of 40 ewe lambs of the texel breed the anthelmintic oxfendazole was tested in two different formulations, a 2.265 per cent suspension and a 4 gram bolus containing 151 mg active ingredient. all treatments were based on a dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight. faecal examinations and larval differentiations were carried out on the day of treatment and two and seven days later. no differences in efficacy were apparent between the two treated groups. oxfendazole in either formulation was 100 ... | 1981 | 7245171 |
| experimental cross-infections with gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and cattle. | five parasite-free lambs and five parasite-free calves were infected experimentally with 20,000 third stage gastrointestinal nematode larvae cultured from faeces of sheep from five different farms. in the same way five lambs and five calves were infected with larvae cultured from faeces of calves from five different farms. host specificity of the nematodes was determined using the following parameters: infection rate; number, size, and stage of the worms; their distribution within the gastrointe ... | 1981 | 7245840 |
| the epizootiology of nematode parasites of sheep in a high-rainfall area of zimbabwe. | fifty-two untreated lambs from a contaminated flock were slaughtered at regular intervals throughout the year, and their gastro-intestinal tracts were examined for the presence of nematode parasites. haemonchus contortus and oesophagostomum columbianum were found to be of major importance. the incidence of haemonchus rose to a peak and remained at a high level throughout the winter through the fourth larval stages of the parasite predominated at this stage. oesophagostomum columbianum was recove ... | 1981 | 7265099 |
| [the effect of primarily mercury heavy metal emissions on pasture helminthiasis in sheep]. | a group of 30 improved valashka sheep, grazed in submontane pastures 3 and 6 km far from the emission source of mercury-dominated heavy metals (l1 and l2) and in pasture situated out of mercury emission fall-out (k), were investigated for the prevalence and mean intensity of pasture helminth infection. hg concentration in the grass stand was determined by the distance of emission source. the amount of mercury was increasing in the direction from control locality to locality 1, lying 3 km from th ... | 1995 | 7716863 |
| comparative efficacy of moxidectin and mebendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in experimentally infected lambs. | a controlled trial was conducted to determine the anthelmintic efficacies of moxidectin and mebendazole. the compounds were administered orally at doses of 0.2 mg/kg bodyweight and 15.0 mg/kg bodyweight, respectively, to lambs infected experimentally with large numbers of gastrointestinal nematode larvae including a benzimidazole-resistant strain of haemonchus contortus. moxidectin was 100 per cent effective against adult h contortus, ostertagia species, trichostrongylus colubriformis, cooperia ... | 1994 | 7975106 |
| experimental studies with stronglyloides papillosus in goats. | unusual clinical and pathological observations in the field in goats and sheep suffering from strongyloides papillosus infection prompted experimental work on this parasite. goats were infected percutaneously with either single or multiple, low or high levels of s. papillosus. young goats up to 12 months of age were found to be the most susceptible. some animals, however, showed substantial resistance to infective doses. clinical signs included transient diarrhoea, misshapen, elongated faecal pe ... | 1999 | 10631709 |
| efficacy of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule against some rarer nematode parasites of sheep. | a controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the intraruminal ivermectin controlled-release capsule (crc) (ivomec maximizer cr capsule for sheep, merial ltd.) against induced incoming third-stage larvae and established adult infections with some rarer gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep. twenty-one worm-free lambs were allocated by restricted randomisation based on body weight within sex to one of the following treatments: unmedicated control, ivermectin crc given on day ... | 2000 | 10714467 |
| epidemiological studies on gastrointestinal parasitic infections of lambs in the coastal savanna regions of ghana. | the types of gastrointestinal parasites (eimeria and helminths) encountered by 70 lambs and the seasonal pattern of both eimeria and strongylate infections in these lambs in the derived coastal savanna were followed for three years. eimeria oocysts and helminth eggs were detected in the faeces of lambs at the same time, indicating the concurrence of both eimeria and helminth infections. eimeria oocysts were first seen in the lambs 20 days after birth (dab) and the level of oocyst output increase ... | 2003 | 12797410 |
| gastrointestinal parasite egg excretion in young calves in periurban livestock production in mali. | to acquire the information needed to improve parasite control in periurban cattle production in mali, repeated sampling of faeces of 694 calves kept around bamako was done in 2003/2004. the effects of season, age, breed, management type, parasite control and presence of sheep on egg and oocyst counts were determined. a bayesian model was used with a negative binomial distribution and herd and individual effects, to account for the clustering of calves in herds and the repeated sampling. intervie ... | 2008 | 17573084 |
| prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern ethiopia. | a 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (gi) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern ethiopia. during may 2003 to april 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and gi tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of haramaya, harar, dire dawa and jijiga in eastern ethiopia. all animals were raised in the farming areas ... | 2007 | 17969715 |
| linear distribution of nematodes in the gastrointestinal tract of tracer lambs. | forty-eight tracer lambs were killed in 2004-2007. the abomasum, duodenum, small intestine (jejunum and ileum), colon and caecum were collected and processed for parasites enumeration and identification-mucosal scrapings of both abomasums and intestines were digested. out of 48 gastrointestinal tracts examined, all were found to be positive for nematode infection. seventeen species of gastrointestinal nematodes were recovered: bunostomum trigonocephalum, cooperia curticei, haemonchus contortus, ... | 2008 | 18766377 |
| effects of condensed tannin from acacia mearnsii on sheep infected naturally with gastrointestinal helminthes. | the effect of tannins on endoparasite control in hair sheep was investigated using 20 entire lambs of the santa inês breed. at the beginning of the experiment these animals were 6-months old and weighed 22.5kg+/-4.7. the treatments used were (10 animals each): gt (animals receiving 18g of acácia negra containing 18% of condensed tannin/animal/week) and gc (animals not receiving tannin). the experiment lasted 84 days, with animals kept on an andropogon gayanus pasture. faeces were collected weekl ... | 2007 | 17067741 |
| the possibilities and limitations of evasive grazing as a control measure for parasitic gastroenteritis in small ruminants in temperate climates. | between 1999 and 2003 studies were done at utrecht university on the population dynamics of gastrointestinal nematodes and the potential to use evasive grazing for the control of nematode infections in small ruminants. on most pastures grazed in may and june it took at least 3 weeks before high pasture infectivity levels for haemonchus contortus developed while it took at least 2 weeks on pastures grazed in july, august and september. occasionally, larvae emerged earlier on pasture when high tem ... | 2005 | 15817209 |
| recovery from arrhythmias in lambs infected with strongyloides papillosus following worm elimination. | calves and lambs heavily infected with strongyloides papillosus develop cardiac arrest by ventricular fibrillation which is preceded by continuous sinus tachycardia and prolongation of the pq interval during the patent infection. in the present study, cardiac rhythms following anthelmintic treatment were investigated in lambs infected with s. papillosus to ascertain whether cardiac disorders due to the infection are based on a reversible and curable change. eight lambs were given a lethal dose o ... | 1998 | 9639900 |
| efficacy of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule against nematode and arthropod endoparasites in sheep. | five controlled trials were conducted in germany or in the united kingdom, using 74 female sheep of merino or dorset horn breeds, to evaluate the efficacy of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule against naturally acquired or induced infections of gastrointestinal nematodes, lungworms and nasal bot larvae and against incoming infections with gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes. half of the animals were treated with one ivermectin controlled-release capsule that delivered ivermectin at th ... | 1998 | 9571756 |
| efficacy of moxidectin against internal parasites of sheep. | the efficacy of injectable and oral formulations of moxidectin, at a dosage of 0.2 mg kg -1 live mass was evaluated by the non-parametric method (npm) against the most common internal parasites of sheep in 9 trials involving a total of 201 sheep. both formulations obtained an a classification (more than 80% effective in more than 80% of the treated animals) against the third (l3) and fourth (l4) larval and adult stages of haemonchus contortus, teladorsagia circumcineta, trichostrongylus colubrif ... | 1993 | 8496891 |
| parasite spectrum and seasonal epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in the gambia. | one hundred and four post mortem examinations of randomly selected sheep (52) and goats (52) were carried out weekly from march 1990 to february 1991. gastrointestinal parasites were identified and counted. a large spectrum of 16 helminth species was found in 101 (97%) infected animals. the nematodes infecting small ruminants were, in order of predominance: trichostrongylus colubriformis (96% of all animals), oesophagostomum columbianum (82%), haemonchus contortus (67%), strongyloides papillosus ... | 1993 | 8249251 |
| parasitic females of strongyloides papillosus as a pathogenetic stage for sudden cardiac death in infected lambs. | the present study was aimed at elucidating the responsibility of parasitic females for sudden cardiac death following strongyloides papillosus infection in calves. a preliminary experiment demonstrated a percutaneous infection with s. papillosus infective larvae to cause sudden cardiac death in lambs as in calves, indicating lambs could serve as a model to study fatal stronglyloidiasis in calves. parasitic females of s. papillosus were inoculated into the duodenum of lambs. lambs given live worm ... | 1994 | 7999898 |
| seasonal incidence of helminths in sheep and goats in south mozambique. | the seasonal fluctuations in faecal worm egg counts were studied at monthly intervals for over a year in 20 male sheep and goats on extensive grazing tracts at a farm near maputo, mozambique. larval differentiation from faecal cultures showed that haemonchus contortus and oesophagostomum columbianum were the most prevalent worm species. trichostrongylus colubriformis, cooperia spp., strongyloides papillosus, moniezia spp., paramphistomum spp. and trichuris spp. also occurred. after the onset of ... | 1982 | 6892176 |
| [repeated dehelminthization and its effect on the course of the natural infestation, of sheep by roundworms]. | long-continued use of levamizole for the control of gastrointestinal roundworms in sheep kept on pasture showed that the discrepancy in the results obtained in experiments and in the terrain is associated with the physiology of host and parasites. in practical use in the terrain, the preparation had an 85% effect in one case; otherwise the average effect was 61.1% and persisted five to six weeks in all flocks including those in which the animals were treated five times a year. treatment performe ... | 1981 | 6794215 |
| antiparasitic efficacy of ivermectin in naturally parasitized sheep. | sixteen sheep harboring naturally acquired parasitisms were allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups: (i) sheep given ivermectin in an oral solution at the dosage rate of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight, and (ii) those given the vehicle at a dosage rate of 0.25 ml/kg. all animals were necropsied at 2 weeks after treatment. parasites and percentages of parasitic reductions, as demonstrated in this trial, were: dictyocaulus filaria (99.4%), oestrus ovis first stage instars (100%), trichuris ovis (98. ... | 1983 | 6689112 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole suspension against induced helminth infections in south african sheep and cattle. | critical controlled tests were performed in 157 sheep (8 experiments) and 34 cattle (2 experiments) to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of mebendazole suspension, administered intraruminally via a stomach tube at a dosage rate of 15 mg of mebendazole/kg of body weight, against induced infections of immature and adult stages of commonly encountered nematode parasites in south africa. in the sheep, the controlled efficacy of mebendazole suspension was good to excellent (90.1% to 100%) against al ... | 1984 | 6375485 |
| activity of luxabendazole against liver flukes, gastrointestinal roundworms, and lungworms in naturally infected sheep. | the anthelmintic potential of luxabendazole was investigated in sheep harboring mixed naturally acquired helminth infections. results were assessed by comparing worm counts of the treated groups (seven animals each) on days 7-8 posttreatment with those of the nontreated control group, except for protostrongylid lungworms, for which the changes in pre- and posttreatment group mean larval counts/g feces were assessed for intensity effect. a single oral treatment at doses of 10.0 or 12.5 mg/kg body ... | 1988 | 2974592 |
| strongyloides papillosus infestations of lambs in plateau state of nigeria. | the frequent appearance of patent infestations of strongyloides papillosus in lambs under one week is observed, and it is suggested that either the short generation interval or pre-natal infection is the cause. pathogenic effects associated with heavy infestations in young lambs consisted of anorexia, loss of weight, diarrhoea and a moderate anaemia. the lambs were usually very weak, unable to stand and laying prostrate. death usually followed at this stage and three such lambs examined showed s ... | 1989 | 2626576 |
| strongyloides papillosus: prenatal and transmammary infection in ewes. | the absence of larvae in lambs of six infected and controlled ewes immediately killed at birth without suckling may indicate the absence of prenatal infection. the ewes had larvae in their milk immediately prior to lambing and several hours afterwards. the persistence of infection, even after intestinal infection was removed with thiabendazole at 50 mg/kg body weigh, may be due to the pool of inhibited larvae. all the suckling lambs had patent infections within 4 to 5 days. infection of suckling ... | 1990 | 2132791 |
| [methods of isolating pure cultures of invasive intestinal helminth larvae of the genus strongyloides, suborder strongylata]. | a special diagnostic laboratory aid l-star has been made and new methodics has been worked out of isolating pure cultures of invader larvae of strongyloides papillosus and nematodes of ruminant gastrointestinal tract of the strongylata suborder from various substrates. l-star competes successfully with a currently used device and with potential modifications of baermann's method (1917). invader larvae of strongyloids and strongylata are easy to recover in a short time if l-star is used. when the ... | 1991 | 1807035 |
| helminths of sheep and goats in desert areas of south-west mauritania (trarza). | faecal samples were obtained from sheep and goats before, during and after the rainy season at three locations in south-west mauritania. several animals were also necropsied at the same time. haemonchus contortus was the most prevalent worm. infection by digestive-tract strongyles and strongyloides papillosus was always very light (prevalence less than 20%). sheep were more heavily infected than goats but animals under 1 year of age were not infected by digestive-tract strongyles. it is likely t ... | 1992 | 1295205 |
| Parasitism by Oestrus ovis: Influence of sheep breed and nematode infections. | Previous studies showed that Santa Ines (SI) hair sheep were more resistant to gastrointestinal nematode infections (GIN) than Ile de France (IF) sheep. The present experiment aimed to evaluate if that reported resistance difference against GIN also occurred against Oestrus ovis infestation and also to evaluate the influence of O. ovis infestation on the gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) infections. SI (n=12) and IF (n=12) young male lambs were weaned at 2 months of age and moved to a paddock (0. ... | 2011 | 22105081 |
| Effects of infection intensity with Strongyloides papillosus and albendazole treatment on development of oxidative/nitrosative stress in sheep. | The objective of this study was to estimate and evaluate oxidative/nitrosative stress parameters in sheep infected with Strongyloides papillosus and after antihelminthic treatment with albendazole (ABZ). This parasite, especially during development stages can seriously damage parenchaematous organs during migration within the host. The presence of parasites leads to increased productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). It is also well known that certain drug ... | 2011 | 22130332 |
| efficacy of a combined oral formulation of derquantel-abamectin against the adult and larval stages of nematodes in sheep, including anthelmintic-resistant strains. | derquantel (dql), a semi-synthetic member of a novel anthelmintic class, the spiroindoles, in combination with abamectin (aba) [as the combination product startect(-«)] is a new entry for the treatment and control of parasites in sheep. the 19 studies reported herein were conducted in australia, new zealand, south africa and the united kingdom to demonstrate the efficacy of derquantel-abamectin (dql-aba) against a broad spectrum of gastrointestinal and respiratory nematodes of sheep, and to supp ... | 2011 | 21684691 |
| seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep in northern region of nile delta, egypt. | over 1 year, from january to december 1999, a total of 173 slaughtered sheep at al-mahala abattoir were examined for presence of nematode parasites. eighteen sheep (10.4%) were infected with eight different species of nematodes. the prevalence rates of detected nematode parasites were; haemonchus contortus (3.5%), haemonchus placei (1.7%), trichuris ovis (5.8%), parabronema skrjabini (2.9%), ostertagia trifurcata (1.2%), chabertia ovina (0.6%) and strongyloides papillosus (0.6%), and graphidiops ... | 2010 | 20922430 |
| the strongyloides (nematoda) of sheep and the predominant strongyloides of cattle form at least two different, genetically isolated populations. | strongyloides sp. (nematoda) are very wide spread small intestinal parasites of vertebrates that can form a facultative free-living generation. most authors considered all strongyloides of farm ruminants to belong to the same species, namely strongyloides papillosus (wedl, 1856). here we show that, at least in southern germany, the predominant strongyloides found in cattle and the strongyloides found in sheep belong to separate, genetically isolated populations. while we did find mixed infection ... | 2008 | 18760537 |
| [epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants in the plateau areas in togo]. | post-mortem helminthological examinations were performed in togo on small ruminants of the djallonké breed (59 sheep, 60 goats), revealing the presence of eight gastrointestinal nematode species which were, in decreasing prevalence order, trichostrongylus sp. (t. axei and t. colubriformis) (99%), haemonchus contortus (82%), strongyloides papillosus (67%), cooperia curticei (43%), oesophagostomum columbianum (40%), gaigeria pachyscelis (36%) and trichuris ovis (4%). the average worm burden was 1, ... | 1995 | 8734228 |
| [occurrence of helminths in slaughtered sheep in upper bavaria. 2. relationship between fecal egg count and worm burden]. | the relationship between the faecal egg count and the worm burden of the gastrointestinal tract of sheep was examined. close relationships were found in strongyles, trichostrongylidae (other than nematodirus spp.), nematodirus spp., strongyloides papillosus, chabertiidae and trichuris spp.. due to high percentage of false negative diagnosis from faecal examination, this relationship was in nematodirus spp. and trichuris spp. not as close as in the other nematodes. however, the results support th ... | 1997 | 9182515 |