| cost-effectiveness of increasing access to contraception during the zika virus outbreak, puerto rico, 2016. | we modeled the potential cost-effectiveness of increasing access to contraception in puerto rico during a zika virus outbreak. the intervention is projected to cost an additional $33.5 million in family planning services and is likely to be cost-saving for the healthcare system overall. it could reduce zika virus-related costs by $65.2 million ($2.8 million from less zika virus testing and monitoring and $62.3 million from avoided costs of zika virus-associated microcephaly [zam]). the estimates ... | 2017 | 27805547 |
| guillain-barré syndrome during ongoing zika virus transmission - puerto rico, january 1-july 31, 2016. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a postinfectious autoimmune disorder characterized by bilateral flaccid limb weakness attributable to peripheral nerve damage (1). increased gbs incidence has been reported in countries with local transmission of zika virus, a flavivirus transmitted primarily by certain aedes species mosquitoes (2). in puerto rico, three arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are currently circulating: zika, dengue, and chikungunya. the first locally acquired zika virus infection ... | 2016 | 27584942 |
| screening of blood donations for zika virus infection - puerto rico, april 3-june 11, 2016. | transfusion-transmitted infections have been documented for several arboviruses, including west nile and dengue viruses (1). zika virus, a flavivirus transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti mosquitoes that has been identified as a cause of congenital microcephaly and other serious brain defects (2), became recognized as a potential threat to blood safety after reports from a 2013-2014 outbreak in french polynesia. blood safety concerns were based on very high infection incidence in the population ... | 2016 | 27337368 |
| thousands of pregnant women in puerto rico are at risk of zika virus infection, cdc warns. | | 2016 | 27328974 |
| sexual transmission of zika virus in germany, april 2016. | zika virus (zikv), an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes a mild dengue fever-like illness but has recently been associated with neurological disease and severe birth defects. the virus is currently causing a large epidemic in the americas. here, we report a male-to-female sexual transmission of zikv in germany in april 2016, following travel to puerto rico of the male patient, demonstrated by subsequent seroconversions and molecular identification of identical virus sequences from both p ... | 2016 | 27311329 |
| update: ongoing zika virus transmission - puerto rico, november 1, 2015-april 14, 2016. | zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted primarily by aedes species mosquitoes, and symptoms of infection can include rash, fever, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis (1).* zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of microcephaly and other severe brain defects (2). infection has also been associated with guillain-barré syndrome (3). in december 2015, puerto rico became the first u.s. jurisdiction to report local transmission of zika virus, with the index patient reporting symptom onset on novem ... | 2016 | 27149205 |
| public health authorities race to contain fast-moving zika outbreak. | with the zika virus disease spreading rapidly through latin america, public health authorities in the united states are racing to contain the outbreak. by the end of february, the cdc had confirmed 147 zika cases in u.s. residents who had traveled to zika-endemic areas. while symptoms of zika tend to be mild, the virus has been linked to serious birth defects, so public health efforts are focused primarily at mitigating the risk zika poses to pregnant women. by mid-february, nine pregnant women ... | 2016 | 27093766 |
| survey of blood collection centers and implementation of guidance for prevention of transfusion-transmitted zika virus infection--puerto rico, 2016. | since november 2015, puerto rico has reported active mosquito-borne transmission of zika virus. because of the potential for zika virus to be transmitted through transfusion of blood components, and because a high percentage of persons infected with zika virus are asymptomatic, the food and drug administration (fda) recommended that blood collections cease in areas of the united states affected by active vector-borne transmission of zika virus until laboratory screening of blood donations or pat ... | 2016 | 27078190 |
| estimating contraceptive needs and increasing access to contraception in response to the zika virus disease outbreak--puerto rico, 2016. | zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted primarily by aedes species mosquitoes. increasing evidence links zika virus infection during pregnancy to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, including pregnancy loss, intrauterine growth restriction, eye defects, congenital brain abnormalities, and other fetal abnormalities. the virus has also been determined to be sexually transmitted. because of the potential risks associated with zika virus infection during pregnancy, cdc has recommended that health c ... | 2016 | 27031817 |
| local transmission of zika virus--puerto rico, november 23, 2015-january 28, 2016. | zika virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus, spread to the region of the americas (americas) in mid-2015, and appears to be related to congenital microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome (1,2). on february 1, 2016, the world health organization (who) declared the occurrence of microcephaly cases in association with zika virus infection to be a public health emergency of international concern.* on december 31, 2015, puerto rico department of health (prdh) reported the first locally acquired (index) c ... | 2016 | 26890470 |
| zika virus and pregnancy: what obstetric health care providers need to know. | zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted by aedes (stegomyia) species of mosquitoes. in may 2015, the world health organization confirmed the first local transmission of zika virus in the americas in brazil. the virus has spread rapidly to other countries in the americas; as of january 29, 2016, local transmission has been detected in at least 22 countries or territories, including the commonwealth of puerto rico and the u.s. virgin islands. zika virus can infect pregnant women in all three trimes ... | 2016 | 26889662 |
| assessing natural infection with zika virus in the southern house mosquito, culex quinquefasciatus, during 2016 in puerto rico. | the epidemic of zika in the western hemisphere has led to intense investigations of all species important in the transmission of zika virus (zikv), including putative mosquito vectors. although evidence points to stegomyia (= aedes) (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes as the primary vectors in nature among humans, there remains the possibility that other common mosquito species may be implicated in the rapid spread of the virus. herein, field-caught culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) collec ... | 2017 | 29239003 |
| possible zika virus infection among pregnant women - united states and territories, may 2016. | zika virus is a cause of microcephaly and brain abnormalities (1), and it is the first known mosquito-borne infection to cause congenital anomalies in humans. the establishment of a comprehensive surveillance system to monitor pregnant women with zika virus infection will provide data to further elucidate the full range of potential outcomes for fetuses and infants of mothers with asymptomatic and symptomatic zika virus infection during pregnancy. in february 2016, zika virus disease and congeni ... | 2016 | 27248295 |
| protective efficacy of multiple vaccine platforms against zika virus challenge in rhesus monkeys. | zika virus (zikv) is responsible for a major ongoing epidemic in the americas and has been causally associated with fetal microcephaly. the development of a safe and effective zikv vaccine is therefore an urgent global health priority. here we demonstrate that three different vaccine platforms protect against zikv challenge in rhesus monkeys. a purified inactivated virus vaccine induced zikv-specific neutralizing antibodies and completely protected monkeys against zikv strains from both brazil a ... | 2016 | 27492477 |
| zika virus 6 months later. | | 2016 | 27532277 |
| estimating the number of pregnant women infected with zika virus and expected infants with microcephaly following the zika virus outbreak in puerto rico, 2016. | zika virus (zikv) infection during pregnancy is a cause of congenital microcephaly and severe fetal brain defects, and it has been associated with other adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. | 2016 | 27544075 |
| incidence of zika virus disease by age and sex - puerto rico, november 1, 2015-october 20, 2016. | zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted primarily by aedes species mosquitoes; symptoms of infection include rash, arthralgia, fever, and conjunctivitis.*(,)(†) zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly and other serious brain anomalies (1), and in rare cases, zika virus infection has been associated with guillain-barré syndrome (2) and severe thrombocytopenia (3). this report describes the incidence of reported symptomatic zika virus disease in the u.s. territory of puerto ric ... | 2016 | 27832051 |
| fatal leptospira spp./zika virus coinfection-puerto rico, 2016. | coinfection with pathogens that cause acute febrile illness (afi) can complicate patient diagnosis and management. this report describes a fatal case of leptospira spp./zika virus (zikv) coinfection in puerto rico. the patient presented with a 5-day history of afi; reported behavioral risk factors for leptospirosis; was diagnosed with possible leptospirosis, dengue, chikungunya, or zikv disease; and received appropriate treatment of leptospirosis and dengue. following a 3-day hospitalization, th ... | 2017 | 28722594 |
| mucocutaneous findings and course in an adult with zika virus infection. | the zika virus epidemic has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the world health organization. we describe the mucocutaneous features and histologic correlation in a patient with the acute zika virus infection. | 2016 | 27168495 |
| guillain-barré syndrome and healthcare needs during zika virus transmission, puerto rico, 2016. | to assist with public health preparedness activities, we estimated the number of expected cases of zika virus in puerto rico and associated healthcare needs. estimated annual incidence is 3.2-5.1 times the baseline, and long-term care needs are predicted to be 3-5 times greater than in years with no zika virus. | 2017 | 27779466 |
| population-based surveillance of birth defects potentially related to zika virus infection - 15 states and u.s. territories, 2016. | zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects, including microcephaly and brain abnormalities (1). population-based birth defects surveillance systems are critical to monitor all infants and fetuses with birth defects potentially related to zika virus infection, regardless of known exposure or laboratory evidence of zika virus infection during pregnancy. cdc analyzed data from 15 u.s. jurisdictions conducting population-based surveillance for birth defects potentially rel ... | 2018 | 29370151 |
| incidence and clinical characteristics of guillain-barré syndrome before the introduction of zika virus in puerto rico. | zika virus has been associated with increases in guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) incidence. a gbs incidence estimation and clinical description was performed to assess baseline gbs epidemiology before the introduction of zika virus in puerto rico. | 2017 | 28477675 |
| zika virus evolution and spread in the americas. | although the recent zika virus (zikv) epidemic in the americas and its link to birth defects have attracted a great deal of attention, much remains unknown about zikv disease epidemiology and zikv evolution, in part owing to a lack of genomic data. here we address this gap in knowledge by using multiple sequencing approaches to generate 110 zikv genomes from clinical and mosquito samples from 10 countries and territories, greatly expanding the observed viral genetic diversity from this outbreak. ... | 2017 | 28538734 |
| measures taken to prevent zika virus infection during pregnancy - puerto rico, 2016. | zika virus infection during pregnancy remains a serious health threat in puerto rico. infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly, brain abnormalities, and other severe birth defects (1). from january 1, 2016 through march 29, 2017, puerto rico reported approximately 3,300 pregnant women with laboratory evidence of possible zika virus infection (2). there is currently no vaccine or intervention to prevent the adverse effects of zika virus infection during pregnancy; therefore, prevention h ... | 2017 | 28594787 |
| detection of zika virus rna in semen of asymptomatic blood donors. | zika virus (zikv) transmission through semen donation has never been reported but the risk is supported by the detection of zikv in semen and the demonstration of zikv sexual transmission. the potential impact of zikv on assisted reproductive procedures should be evaluated. | 2017 | 28711704 |
| postmortem findings in patient with guillain-barré syndrome and zika virus infection. | postmortem examination results of a patient with guillain-barré syndrome and confirmed zika virus infection revealed demyelination of the sciatic and cranial iv nerves, providing evidence of the acute demyelinating inflammatory polyneuropathy guillain-barré syndrome variant. lack of evidence of zika virus in nervous tissue suggests that pathophysiology was antibody mediated without neurotropism. | 2018 | 29261094 |
| zika virus epidemic in puerto rico: health justice too long delayed. | over the course of 16 months, more than 35400 cases of zika virus infection have been confirmed in puerto rico. this represents 85% of all cases reported in the usa and its territories. the zika epidemic is exposing the profound failure of socioeconomic policies, as well as the failure to protect sexual and reproductive health rights in puerto rico. considering the high poverty rates, high levels of sexuality-related stigma, poor quality sex education, limited access to contraception, and limite ... | 2017 | 29153921 |
| acute zika virus infection as a risk factor for guillain-barré syndrome in puerto rico. | | 2017 | 29049645 |
| update: ongoing zika virus transmission - puerto rico, november 1, 2015-july 7, 2016. | zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes, and infection can be asymptomatic or result in an acute febrile illness with rash (1). zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of microcephaly and other severe birth defects (2). infection has also been associated with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) (3) and severe thrombocytopenia (4,5). in december 2015, the puerto rico department of health (prdh) reported the first locally acquired case o ... | 2016 | 27490087 |
| zika virus infections in military health system beneficiaries since the introduction of the virus in the western hemisphere, 1 january 2016 through 30 november 2016. | the introduction and rapid spread of zika virus (zikv) across the western hemisphere have posed a risk of infection to military health system (mhs) beneficiaries. the associated consequences of infection and the dynamics of transmission may place a unique burden on military personnel, their dependents, and the mhs. this article summarizes the impact of zikv transmission on mhs beneficiaries between 1 january and 30 november 2016. cases were identified from a variety of sources, including direct ... | 2016 | 28055221 |
| use of blood donor screening data to estimate zika virus incidence, puerto rico, april-august 2016. | puerto rico has been heavily impacted by zika virus, a mosquitoborne flavivirus that emerged in the americas during 2015. although most persons with zika virus show no symptoms, the virus can cause neurologic and other complications, including fetal microcephaly. local zika virus transmission in puerto rico has been reported since december 2015. to prevent transfusion-associated transmission, local blood collection ceased in march 2016 but resumed in april 2016 after zika virus screening of bloo ... | 2017 | 28263141 |