| protease activity in female ornithodoros tholozani ticks. | the protease activity in guts of ornithodoros tholozani females was studied in vitro. the intracellular protease in ornithodoros tholozani guts has a ph optimum of about 3.0. hemoglobin is the preferred substrate, and bovine serum albumin is digested very slowly. in this respect the protease resembles cathepsin d. unfed ticks contain a small amount of protease in the gut. after feeding the level of protease increases gradually for several days until peak protease activity is attained. the level ... | 1976 | 13632 |
| quantitative studies of host immunoglobulin g in the hemolymph of ticks (acari). | a radioimmunoassay was used to measure the concentration of host immunoglobulin g (igg) in the hemolymph of female hard and soft ticks. hyalomma excavatum koch, rhipicephalus sanguineus latreille, ornithodoros tholozani (laboulbene and megnin), and o. moubata (murry) were fed on rabbits immunized with ovalbumin; argas persicus (oken) was fed on chickens immunized with cytochrome 'c.' at 24 h after feeding, the concentration of antiovalbumin igg in the hemolymph was 7 micrograms/ml for h. excavat ... | 1989 | 2769701 |
| [a great franco-mauritian epidemiologist: joseph désiré tholozan (1820-18970]. | born in 1820 from french parents in diego garcia, an islet then linked to mauritius where he started in port-louis his school years, joseph désiré tholozan was an original personality. he undertook medical studies in france (m. d. thesis, paris, 1843) after having joined the military health service (1841) as a surgeon serving in various garrisons in the country and later at the hospital of the valde-grâce in paris (1849). successful at the "agrégation" of medicine in 1853, he later participated ... | 1998 | 9559181 |
| [joseph désiré tholozan and the persian relapsing fever]. | in the year 1879, tholozan seems to have been convinced of the danger caused by the bites of ornithodores in persia, as a result of very careful observations of sick persons suffering from iranian relapsing fever due to borrelia persica. among the ticks collected by him and sent to entomologists in france was the true vector, named argas (presently ornithodoros) tholozani by laboulbene and megnin. tholozan's contribution to our knowledge on persian relapsing fever is really important. he was one ... | 1998 | 11625357 |
| relapsing fever in jordan. | the author reports on a survey carried out by him in 1954 on relapsing fever in jordan. in that country the disease is largely tick-borne, the main vector being ornithodoros tholozani. some of the frequent cases in the town of nablus and the village of marda in west jordan may, however, be caused by o. coniceps. the centres of infection are some of the numerous caves scattered throughout the hilly areas and certain houses in which chickens are kept.it is believed that the vector ticks could be s ... | 1957 | 13472437 |
| postexposure treatment with doxycycline for the prevention of tick-borne relapsing fever. | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) is an acute febrile illness. in israel, tbrf is caused by borrelia persica and is transmitted by ornithodoros tholozani ticks. we examined the safety and efficacy of postexposure treatment to prevent tbrf. | 2006 | 16837678 |
| molecular characterization of tickborne relapsing fever borrelia, israel. | | 2006 | 17283626 |
| the epidemiology of tick-borne relapsing fever in iran during 1997-2006. | tick-borne relapsing fever is an acute febrile and endemic disease in iran. for many reasons, the incidence of disease is on decrease, however tick-borne relapsing fever is still a health issue in the rural areas for travelers. this study was carried out during 1997-2006 to investigate the tick-borne relapsing fever in iran. | 2009 | 19411042 |
| relapsing fever borreliosis in eurasia--forgotten, but certainly not gone! | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) has been reported in eurasia and attributed mainly to borrelia persica, although other entities have also been described. ornithodoros tholozani is the most important tick vector, found in india and kashmir, the southern countries of the former ussr, iran, iraq, syria, jordan, turkey, israel, egypt, and cyprus. it inhabits caves, ruins, and burrows of rodents and small mammals. in the northern countries, o. tholozani also lives in houses and cowsheds. in israel, ... | 2009 | 19489923 |
| tick-borne relapsing fever in a new highland endemic focus of western iran. | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by infection with spirochaetes of the genus borrelia. humans usually contract it from the bite of infected soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. in iran, where the disease is endemic in the mountainous north-western provinces, reports of over 200 cases annually probably under-estimate the true incidence. the species, distribution and infection of ticks that are potential vectors of borrelia and the clinical and epidemiologi ... | 2009 | 19695158 |
| molecular characterization of borrelia persica, the agent of tick borne relapsing fever in israel and the palestinian authority. | the identification of the tick borne relapsing fever (tbrf) agent in israel and the palestinian authority relies on the morphology and the association of borrelia persica with its vector ornithodoros tholozani. molecular based data on b. persica are very scarce as the organism is still non-cultivable. in this study, we were able to sequence three complete 16s rrna genes, 12 partial flab genes, 18 partial glpq genes, 16 rrs-ilet intergenic spacers (igs) from nine ticks and ten human blood samples ... | 2010 | 21124792 |
| tickborne relapsing fever caused by borrelia persica, uzbekistan and tajikistan. | to the editor: tickborne relapsing fever (tbrf) is caused by several borrelia species and transmitted by argasid soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. the disease is endemic to many parts of the world, especially africa (b. duttonii and b. crocidurae most prevalent), and the mediterranean basin (b. hispanica most prevalent). in eurasia, tbrf is mainly caused by b. persica (1-3). we report a patient who returned to france with b. persica infection after visiting uzbekistan and tajikistan. | 2011 | 21762608 |
| detection of borrelia persica infection in ornithodoros tholozani using pcr targeting rrs gene and xenodiagnosis. | relapsing fever caused by borrelia persica, is an acute tick-borne disease which is transmitted by soft ticks of ornithodoros tholozani to human. | 2011 | 23113113 |
| comparison of pcr-based diagnosis with centrifuged-based enrichment method for detection of borrelia persica in animal blood samples. | the mainstay of diagnosis of relapsing fever (rf) is demonstration of the spirochetes in giemsa-stained thick blood smears, but during non fever periods the bacteria are very scanty and rarely detected in blood smears by microscopy. this study is aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of different methods developed for detection of low-grade spirochetemia. | 2011 | 22808405 |
| experimental transmission of karshi (mammalian tick-borne flavivirus group) virus by ornithodoros ticks >2,900 days after initial virus exposure supports the role of soft ticks as a long-term maintenance mechanism for certain flaviviruses. | members of the mammalian tick-borne flavivirus group, including tick-borne encephalitis virus, are responsible for at least 10,000 clinical cases of tick-borne encephalitis each year. to attempt to explain the long-term maintenance of members of this group, we followed ornithodoros parkeri, o. sonrai, and o. tartakovskyi for >2,900 days after they had been exposed to karshi virus, a member of the mammalian tick-borne flavivirus group. | 2015 | 26285211 |
| nested coevolutionary networks shape the ecological relationships of ticks, hosts, and the lyme disease bacteria of the borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) complex. | the bacteria of the borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) (bbg) complex constitute a group of tick-transmitted pathogens that are linked to many vertebrate and tick species. the ecological relationships between the pathogens, the ticks and the vertebrate carriers have not been analysed. the aim of this study was to quantitatively analyse these interactions by creating a network based on a large dataset of associations. specifically, we examined the relative positions of partners in the network, the phylog ... | 2016 | 27662832 |
| the first case of imported relapsing fever in japan. | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) is endemic in discrete areas throughout the world; however, a domestic or imported case of relapsing fever has not been reported in japan. here, we report the first imported case. a previously healthy 20-year-old woman presented to our hospital on october 8, 2010, because of recurrent fever and lower leg pain. before consultation, she had experienced four febrile episodes at 10-12-day intervals after returning from her stay in uzbekistan from 1 to 8 september. g ... | 2013 | 23857020 |
| flying ticks: anciently evolved associations that constitute a risk of infectious disease spread. | ticks are important vectors of emerging zoonotic diseases affecting human and animal health worldwide. ticks are often found on wild birds, which have been long recognized as a potential risk factor for dissemination of ticks and tick-borne pathogens (tbp), thus raising societal concerns and prompting research into their biology and ecology. to fully understand the role of birds in disseminating some ticks species and tbp, it is important to consider the evolutionary relationships between birds, ... | 2015 | 26467109 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the spirochete borrelia microti, a potential agent of relapsing fever in iran. | we report a role for borrelia microti as a cause of relapsing fever in iran supported by robust epidemiological evidence. the molecular identity of this spirochete and its relation with other relapsing fever borreliae have, until now, been poorly delineated. we analyzed an isolate of b. microti, obtained from ornithodoros erraticus ticks, by sequencing four loci (16s rrna, flab, glpq, intragenic spacer [igs]) and comparing these sequences with those of other relapsing fever borreliae. phylogenet ... | 2012 | 22718931 |
| study on presence of borrelia persica in soft ticks in western iran. | a molecular survey was conducted to investigate the presence of pathogenic borrelia persica species causing the tick borne relapsing fever (tbrf) in takistan district qazvin province, western iran. | 2010 | 22808396 |
| borrelia persica infection in dogs and cats: clinical manifestations, clinicopathological findings and genetic characterization. | relapsing fever (rf) is an acute infectious disease caused by arthropod-borne spirochetes of the genus borrelia. the disease is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever that concur with spirochetemia. the rf borrelioses include louse-borne rf caused by borrelia recurrentis and tick-borne endemic rf transmitted by argasid soft ticks and caused by several borrelia spp. such as b. crocidurae, b. coriaceae, b. duttoni, b. hermsii, b. hispanica and b. persica. human infection with b. persica is t ... | 2016 | 27160515 |
| borrelia persica infection in immunocompetent mice--a new tool to study the infection kinetics in vivo. | borrelia persica, a bacterium transmitted by the soft tick ornithodoros tholozani, causes tick-borne relapsing fever in humans in the middle east, central asia and the indian peninsula. immunocompetent c3h/heouj mice were infected intradermally with b. persica at varying doses: 1 x 10(6), 1 x 10(4), 1 x 10(2) and 4 x 10(0) spirochetes/mouse. subsequently, blood samples were collected and screened for the presence of b. persica dna. spirochetes were detected in all mice infected with 1 x 10(6), 1 ... | 2016 | 26890814 |
| tickborne relapsing fever in southern iran, 2011-2013. | | 0 | 25988268 |
| the tortoise and the hut. | | 0 | 21762623 |
| tickborne relapsing fever in israel. | we evaluated the epidemiology of relapsing fever from 1971 to 2003 in israel. in civilians, incidence declined from 0.35 to 0.11 cases per 100,000 persons annually; in military personnel it averaged 6.4 cases per 100,000 persons annually. these data imply that the pathogen and vector continue to exist in israel. | 0 | 16318740 |
| a case of canine borreliosis in iran caused by borrelia persica. | tick-borne relapsing fever is an endemic disease in iran, with most cases attributed to infection by borrelia persica, which is transmitted by ornithodoros tholozani soft ticks. here, we report spirochetemia in blood of a puppy residing in tehran, iran. the causative species was identified by use of highly discriminative igs sequencing; the 489 bp igs sequence obtained in our study showed 99% identity (100% coverage) when compared with b. persica sequences derived from clinical cases or from o. ... | 2016 | 26776536 |
| borrelia persica: in vitro cultivation and characterization via conventional pcr and multilocus sequence analysis of two strains isolated from a cat and ticks from israel. | borrelia persica, one of the pathogenic agents of tick-borne relapsing fever, is transmitted by the soft tick ornithodoros tholozani. it causes infections in humans as well as in animals. in this study, we developed a medium, termed pettenkofer/lmu bp, for reliable in vitro cultivation. cell densities up to 5.2×10(7) viable cells/ml were achieved over at least 40 passages. the cultivable b. persica strain isolated from a cat was further analyzed by amplification of the flab gene using convention ... | 2015 | 26169028 |
| scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the spermiophores of ornithodoros ticks: an attempt to explain their motility. | the spermiophores of two tick species, the kangaroo tick, ornithodoros gurneyi and the cave tick, ornithodoros tholozani have been examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. the anterior end (head) of the spermiophore is a hemisphere covered with a hexagonal network of small projections. the rest of the spermiophore is covered with longitudinal ridges, seen in sections as cellular processes whose membranes are attached only at their anterior ends by specialized 'feet'. in the cyt ... | 1976 | 982419 |
| borrelia persica infection in rock hyraxes. | tick-borne relapsing fever (tbrf) is an acute infectious disease caused by arthropod-borne spirochetes of the genus borrelia and characterized by recurrent episodes of fever. borrelia persica, the causative agent of this disease in israel, is transmitted by the argasid tick ornithodoros tholozani. there is little information about the maintenance and possible vertebrate reservoirs of b. persica in nature, but the tick o. tholozani is known to feed on animals that enter its habitat in caves, rock ... | 2017 | 29288009 |
| ornithodoros tholozani bites: a unique clinical picture. | | 1992 | 1479088 |
| susceptibility to acaricides of adult ornithodoros tholozani (ixodoidea: argasidae) in relation to the slow-death syndrome. | | 1982 | 6185679 |
| neurosecretory activity as related to feeding, mating, and oögenesis in the female cave tick, ornithodoros tholozani. | | 1976 | 965780 |
| autogeny in the tick ornithodoros tholozani (ixodoidea, argasidae). | | 1973 | 4707753 |
| juvenile sterility in male ticks of ornithodoros tholozani. | | 1967 | 6029543 |
| some notes on the habits of the tick, ornithodoros tholozani (laboulbene and mégnin), (o. papillepes birula). | | 1955 | 13294910 |