| a survey of ixodid tick species and molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens. | this study was undertaken in two different climatic areas of turkey to determine the presence of tick-borne pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. the ticks were removed from humans, pooled according to species and developmental stages, and analyzed by pcr, reverse line blot (rlb) and sequencing. of the 2333 removed ticks from 10 species, 1238 (53.06%) were obtained from the arid cold zone, and the remaining 1095 (46.93%) were obtained from the humid zone. the removed ticks were identif ... | 2014 | 24424312 |
| tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in questing ticks, removed from humans and animals in mexico. | tick-borne rickettsial diseases (tbrd) are commonly encountered in medical and veterinary clinical settings. the control of these diseases is difficult, requiring disruption of a complex transmission chain involving a vertebrate host and ticks. the geographical distribution of the diseases is related to distribution of the vector, which is an indicator of risk for the population. a total of 1107 were collected by tick drag from forests, ecotourism parks and hosts at 101 sites in 22 of the 32 sta ... | 0 | 26726019 |
| ticks infesting humans in italy and associated pathogens. | ticks may transmit a large variety of pathogens, which cause illnesses in animals and humans, commonly referred to as to tick-borne diseases (tbds). the incidence of human tbds in italy is underestimated because of poor surveillance and the scant amount of studies available. | 2014 | 25023709 |
| molecular epidemiology of the emerging zoonosis agent anaplasma phagocytophilum (foggie, 1949) in dogs and ixodid ticks in brazil. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging pathogen of humans, dogs and other animals, and it is transmitted by ixodid ticks. the objective of the current study was a) detect a. phagocytophilum in dogs and ixodid ticks using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr); and b) determine important variables associated to host, environment and potential tick vectors that are related to the presence of a. phagocytophilum in dogs domiciled in rio de janeiro, brazil. | 2013 | 24330631 |
| ticks and associated pathogens collected from dogs and cats in belgium. | although ixodes spp. are the most common ticks in north-western europe, recent reports indicated an expanding geographical distribution of dermacentor reticulatus in western europe. recently, the establishment of a d. reticulatus population in belgium was described. d. reticulatus is an important vector of canine and equine babesiosis and can transmit several rickettsia species, coxiella burnetii and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev), whilst ixodes spp. are vectors of pathogens causing babesi ... | 2013 | 23777784 |
| tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in ticks collected from central spain. | the prevalence of tick-borne and related bacteria infecting adult ticks in central spain was assessed by molecular methods. six areas were sampled monthly during a 2-year longitudinal study. a total of 1,038 questing and 442 feeding ticks, belonging to eight different species, were tested. the most abundant species were hyalomma lusitanicum (54% of captures), followed by dermacentor marginatus (23%) and rhipicephalus sanguineus (10%). four human pathogens, including seven rickettsia species, ana ... | 2009 | 19556569 |
| diagnosis and incidence risk of clinical canine monocytic ehrlichiosis under field conditions in southern europe. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), due to the bacterium ehrlichia canis and transmitted by the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus, is a major tick-borne disease in southern europe. in this area, infections with other vector-borne pathogens (vbp) are also described and result in similar clinical expression. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence risk of clinical cme in those endemic areas and to assess the potential involvement of other vbp in the occurrence of clinical ... | 2015 | 25561342 |
| pathogens and symbionts in ticks: a survey on tick species distribution and presence of tick-transmitted micro-organisms in sardinia, italy. | a total of 1485 adult ticks were collected from mammalian hosts in south-eastern sardinia, italy, during the years 2007-2008. ticks were identified and tested by pcr analysis for presence of rickettsia species of the spotted fever group, ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, coxiella burnetii, bartonella species and leishmania species. among all tick species examined (rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus turanicus, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus pusillus, hyalomma marginatum margina ... | 2010 | 20884769 |
| molecular detection and identification of rickettsiales pathogens in dog ticks from costa rica. | although vector-borne diseases are globally widespread with considerable impact on animal production and on public health, few reports document their presence in central america. this study focuses on the detection and molecular identification of species belonging to selected bacterial genera (ehrlichia, anaplasma and rickettsia) in ticks sampled from dogs in costa rica by targeting several genes: 16s rrna/dsb genes for ehrlichia; 16s rrna/groel genes for anaplasma, and ompa/glta/groel genes for ... | 2016 | 27480409 |
| serological and molecular prevalence of canine vector-borne diseases (cvbds) in korea. | previous surveys in dogs from korea indicated that dogs are exposed to a variety of vector- borne pathogens, but perception for a nation-wide canine vector-borne disease (cvbd) occurrence has been missing. we report here results of both serological and molecular prevalence studies for major cvbds of dogs from all over the south korean peninsula except for jeju island. | 2017 | 28298245 |
| bacterial pathogens and endosymbionts in ticks. | ticks collected from goats in northern greece were tested for the presence of tick-borne bacteria. among adult ticks, 37 (57.8%) were rhipicephalus bursa, 11 (17.2%) dermacentor marginatus, 10 (15.6%) ixodes ricinus, 3 (4.7%) rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and 2 (3.1%) haemaphysalis parva; one (1.6%) rhipicephalus spp. tick was nymph. rickettsia monacensis, rickettsia massilae, anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma platys were detected in i. ricinus and rh. bursa ticks. a variety of coxie ... | 2017 | 27686386 |
| [anaplasma phagocytophila and protozoans of babesia genus in dogs from endemic areas of lyme disease in north-western poland]. | infections caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato may be accompanied by other microorganisms, such as anaplasma, ehrlichia and babesia. these pathogens are transmitted by the ticks and are a risk to humans and animals. ixodes ricinus ticks collected from recreational areas of szczecin and northwestern poland contained dna of the pathogens mentioned above and cases of double and triple coinfection have been documented. the aim of this paper was to determine if dogs suspect to ti ... | 2004 | 16865968 |
| [cross-reaction evaluation of pcr-anaplasma platys positive dogs tested to anaplasma phagocytophilum antibodies by commercial elisa]. | anaplasma platys, agent of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia parasites exclusively dogs platelets. its probable vector is the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. among the existent diagnostic methods, the most used include: morulae identification in blood smears; antibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence; or dna amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). recently a new commercial elisa (idexx®), capable of detecting a. phagocytophilum antibodies, has been developed. according to the manuf ... | 2008 | 20059806 |
| ehrlichia species in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks in cameroon. | ehrlichia and anaplasma species are tick-transmitted obligately intracellular bacteria that commonly cause disease in dogs worldwide. in addition to causing disease in canines, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia ewingii, and anaplasma phagocytophilum are responsible for emerging and life-threatening human zoonoses in the united states. we previously reported a high prevalence of e. canis infection in cameroonian dogs based on serologic and molecular evidence. this study was undertaken to determine ... | 2007 | 17627442 |
| prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs from haiti. | canine vector-borne pathogens are common on some caribbean islands, but survey data in haiti are lacking. to determine the prevalence of selected vector-borne pathogens in dogs from haiti, we tested blood samples collected from 210 owned dogs, 28 (13.3%) of which were infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks at the time of blood collection. no other tick species were identified on these dogs. a commercially available elisa identified antibodies to ehrlichia spp. in 69 (32.9%), antibodies to ... | 2016 | 27270383 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma platys, ehrlichia canis, hepatozoon canis and rickettsia monacensis in dogs from maio island of cape verde archipelago. | tick-borne diseases are emerging worldwide and have an important zoonotic relevance. dogs play an important role in the epidemiology of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens acting as sentinels and/or reservoirs. this study focused on the molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in blood samples of 153 autochthonous asymptomatic dogs in maio island, cape verde archipelago. eighty-four (54.9%) dogs were positive for one or more pathogens. fifty-five (35.9%) dogs were infected with hepatoz ... | 2016 | 27177475 |
| serological and molecular investigation of ehrlichia spp. and anaplasma spp. in ticks and blood of dogs, in the thrace region of turkey. | in recent years, tick-borne diseases like ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis became widespread worldwide threatening the health of both human and companion animals. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of anaplasma spp., and ehrlichia spp. in dogs and ticks in the thrace region of turkey. a total of 400 blood samples and 912 ticks were collected from dogs living in shelters that are located in four cities (istanbul, edirne, tekirdag and kirklareli) of the thrace region. bloo ... | 2016 | 26961274 |
| molecular detection of emerging tick-borne pathogens in vojvodina, serbia. | ticks play an important role in disease transmission globally due to their capability to serve as vectors for human and animal pathogens. the republic of serbia is an endemic area for a large number of tick-borne diseases. however, current knowledge on these diseases in serbia is limited. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of new emerging tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs and the vegetation from different parts of vojvodina, serbia. a total of 187 ticks, includ ... | 2016 | 26565929 |
| vector-borne diseases in stray dogs in peninsular malaysia and molecular detection of anaplasma and ehrlichia spp. from rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) ticks. | little data are available on the prevalence and transmission of vector-borne diseases in stray dogs in peninsular malaysia. this study was designed to determine the occurrence of vector-borne pathogens in malaysian stray dogs using serological and molecular approaches. in total, 48 dog blood samples were subjected to serological analysis using snap 4dx kit (idexx laboratories, westbrook, me). the presence of ehrlichia and anaplasma dna in the dog blood samples and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latre ... | 2016 | 26494821 |
| genetic diversity of bacterial agents detected in ticks removed from asymptomatic patients in northeastern italy. | a total of 360 ticks were removed from 353 asymptomatic subjects in belluno province, italy and surrounding areas, from 1998 to 2001. ticks were identified as ixodes ricinus (357), ixodes hexagonus (1), rhipicephalus sanguineus (1), and ixodes ventalloi (1). tick dna was investigated by pcr and subsequent sequencing of amplified products to identity associated bacterial agents. primers targeting different genes of rickettsia (glta and ompa), borrelia (16s rdna, rpob), francisella (16s rdna), and ... | 2003 | 12860623 |
| detection and identification of ehrlichia spp. in ticks collected in tunisia and morocco. | a broad-range 16s rrna gene pcr assay followed by partial sequencing of the 16s rrna gene was used for the detection of members of the family anaplasmataceae in ticks in north africa. a total of 418 questing ixodes ricinus ticks collected in tunisia and morocco, as well as 188 rhipicephalus ticks from dogs and 52 hyalomma ticks from bovines in tunisia, were included in this study. of 324 adult i. ricinus ticks, 16.3% were positive for ehrlichia spp., whereas only 3.4 and 2.8% of nymphs and larva ... | 2005 | 15750072 |
| canine ehrlichiosis. | ehrlichia spp. are obligate intracellular bacteria with tropism for hematopoietic cells. monocytic ehrlichioses in dogs and humans are transmitted by ticks and primarily caused by e. canis and e. chaffeensis, respectively. e. canis causes canine monocytic ehrlichioses (cme), a potentially fatal disease in dogs that requires rapid and accurate diagnosis in order to initiate appropriate therapy leading to a favorable prognosis. cme is characterized by three stages; 1) acute, 2) subclinical and 3) ... | 2003 | 14677903 |
| spatial distribution of anaplasma phagocytophilum and hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. | in recent years, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus were reported from hungary. the aim of the present study was to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of pathogens transmitted by r. sanguineus in a sentinel species, red fox (vulpes vulpes) in hungary and to analyse the relationship of these patterns with landscape and climate by geographical information systems. fox carcasses, representing 0.5% of the total fox population were randomly selected out ... | 2015 | 26065623 |
| tick-borne diseases (borreliosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis) in german and austrian dogs: status quo and review of distribution, transmission, clinical findings, diagnostics and prophylaxis. | tick-borne diseases (tbd) in dogs have gained in significance in german and austrian veterinary practices. the widespread european tick species ixodes ricinus represents an important vector for spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group and rickettsiales such as anaplasma phagocytophilum. the meadow or ornate dog tick (dermacentor reticulatus) is an important vector for babesia canis, as is the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus) for babesia vogeli in the mediterranean regio ... | 2015 | 26152408 |
| seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis and of canine granulocytic ehrlichia infection in dogs in switzerland. | serum samples from 996 dogs in switzerland were examined for antibodies to ehrlichia canis and to the agent causing canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge). ehrlichiosis, borreliosis, and systemic illness not associated with ticks were suspected in 75, 122, and 157 of these dogs, respectively. the remainder of the serum samples were obtained from clinically healthy dogs which resided north (n = 235) or south (n = 407) of the alps. the serum samples were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence te ... | 1998 | 9817854 |
| detection of leishmania infantum, babesia canis, and rickettsiae in ticks removed from dogs living in italy. | the aims of this study were to determine natural infections by anaplasma phagocytophilum/anaplasma platys, bartonella henselae, ehrlichia canis, leishmania infantum, rickettsia spp., babesia spp., and hepatozoon spp. by molecular methods in ticks (n=91) removed from dogs with clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities compatible with tick-borne diseases (n=22) living in italy and to assess the distribution and species of ticks encountered. ticks from dogs living in southern italy were all ident ... | 2012 | 23182545 |
| stray dogs of northern jordan as reservoirs of ticks and tick-borne hemopathogens. | dogs are competent reservoir hosts of several hemopathogens including zoonotic agents and can serve as readily available source of nutrition for many blood-feeding arthropods. three hemopathogens had been detected for the first time in jordan. the pcr prevalence of anaplasma phagocytophilum, hepatozoon canis, and piroplasmid dna were 39.5%, 28.9%, and 7.9% (n=38) respectively. sequencing of amplicons of pcr with universal primers targeting the 18s rrna gene of piroplasmids shows the highest simi ... | 2012 | 22434363 |
| molecular detection of bacterial and parasitic pathogens in hard ticks from portugal. | ticks are important vector arthropods of human and animal pathogens. as information about agents of disease circulating in vectors in portugal is limited, the aim of the present study was to detect bacteria and parasites with veterinary and zoonotic importance in ticks collected from dogs, cats, and field vegetation. a total of 925 ticks, comprising 888 (96.0%) adults, 8 (0.9%) nymphs, and 29 (3.1%) larvae, were collected in 4 geographic areas (districts) of portugal. among those, 620 (67.0%) we ... | 2014 | 24745731 |
| molecular evidence for bacterial and protozoan pathogens in hard ticks from romania. | the aim of the present study was to provide a preliminary insight into the diversity of tick-borne pathogens circulating at the domestic host-tick interface in romania. for this, feeding and questing ticks were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of anaplasma phagocytophilum, anaplasma platys, ehrlichia canis, borrelia burgdorferi sensu latu, and by pcr and subsequent sequencing for rickettsia spp., babesia spp. and theileria spp. a total of 382 ticks, encompas ... | 2013 | 23428204 |
| [ticks (acarina: ixodidae) as vectors and reservoirs of pathogen microorganisms in spain]. | hard and soft-ticks are obligate haematophagous arachnids of medical and veterinary significance mainly because of the animal disease agents transmitted by them, which include an array of different pathogens (virus, bacteria, protozoa and nematodes). ticks transmit microbes by several routes including salivary secretions, coxal fluids, regurgitation and faeces. among the biological factors that contribute to the high vector potential of ticks are their living habits and characteristic properties ... | 2005 | 15743581 |
| survey of tick infestation and tick-borne ehrlichial infection of dogs in ishigaki island, japan. | twelve (54.5%) of 22 free-roaming dogs in ishigaki island had tick infestation identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus. there were 121 ticks recovered and consisted of 28 females, 58 males, 22 nymphs and 3 larvae. infection of dogs possibly with canine ehrlichial pathogens was examined by both indirect immunofluorescence assay and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). two dogs of the 13 examined were sero-positive for the human granulocytic ehrlichia agent, and one of two dogs was pcr positive for ehr ... | 2001 | 11767058 |
| the prevalence of anaplasma platys and a potential novel anaplasma species exceed that of ehrlichia canis in asymptomatic dogs and rhipicephalus sanguineus in taiwan. | canine anaplasmosis is regarded as an infection by anaplasma platys rather than zoonotic anaplasma phagocytophilum in subtropical areas based on the assumption that the common dog tick species is rhipicephalus sanguineus, which transmits e. canis and presumably a. platys. we investigated asymptomatic dogs and dog ticks from 16 communities in nantou county, taiwan to identify common dog tick species and to determine the prevalence of anaplasma and ehrlichia spp. of total 175 canine blood samples ... | 2017 | 28781347 |
| acute febrile illness is associated with rickettsia spp infection in dogs. | rickettsia conorii is transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and causes mediterranean spotted fever (msf) in humans. although dogs are considered the natural host of the vector, the clinical and epidemiological significance of r. conorii infection in dogs remains unclear. the aim of this prospective study was to investigate whether rickettsia infection causes febrile illness in dogs living in areas endemic for human msf. | 2015 | 25886403 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in domestic animals in ten provinces/cities of china. | a nationwide epidemiologic investigation of domestic animal infections has been conducted in nine provinces and one city during 2007-2010. serum samples from a total of 707 goats, 433 cattle, and 219 dogs were collected for detecting anaplasma phagocytophilum igg antibody by immunofluorescence assays and the average seroprevalences were 10.05% for dogs, 3.82% for goats, and 0.69% for cattle, respectively. a total of 472 goats, 201 cattle, 102 dog blood clots, and 1,580 ticks were collected for p ... | 0 | 22764312 |
| single genotype of anaplasma phagocytophilum identified from ticks, camargue, france. | | 0 | 23697386 |
| occurrence of <i>coxiella burnetii</i>, <i>ehrlichia canis</i>, <i>rickettsia</i> species and <i>anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>-like bacterium in ticks collected from dogs and cats in south africa. | ticks are major vectors of arthropod-borne infections and transmit a wide variety of zoonotic pathogens. this study was conducted mainly to determine the occurrence of canine tick-borne bacterial and rickettsial pathogens especially those with zoonotic potential. we examined 276 rhipicephalus sanguineus, 38 haemaphysalis elliptica and 4 amblyomma hebraeum ticks from 90 dogs and 4 cats from the free state, kwazulu-natal, north west and mpumalanga provinces. dna of coxiella burnetii (41%), ehrlich ... | 2017 | 28582983 |
| the increasing recognition of rickettsial pathogens in dogs and people. | dogs and people are exposed to and susceptible to infection by many of the same tick-borne bacterial pathogens in the order rickettsiales, including anaplasma phagocytophilum, ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, and other spotted fever group rickettsiae. recent findings include descriptions of novel ehrlichia and rickettsia species, recognition of the occurrence and clinical significance of co-infection, and increasing awareness of rhipicephalus sangui ... | 2010 | 20207197 |
| anaplasma spp. in dogs and owners in north-western morocco. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen of increased interest worldwide which has been detected in northern africa. anaplasma platys is also present in this region and could possibly have a zoonotic potential. however, only one recent article reports on the human esposure to a. phagocytophilum in morocco and no data are available on canine exposure to both bacteria. therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional epidemiological study aiming to assess both canine and huma ... | 2017 | 28438220 |
| ticks and associated pathogens collected from domestic animals in the netherlands. | following an outbreak of autochthonous canine babesiosis in the netherlands, a request made to veterinarians and the public to collect ticks from companion animals resulted in 4298 ticks submitted between july 2005 and october 2006 to our center. ticks were identified as ixodes ricinus adults (2907/4298, 67.6%), ixodes sp. nymphs (529/4298, 12.3%) and ixodes sp. larvae (385/4298, 9.0%), i. hexagonus adults (328/4298, 7.6%), dermacentor reticulatus (72/4298, 1.7%), and several other exotic tick s ... | 2007 | 17979540 |