| hiv infection and aids--georgia, 1991. | public health surveillance efforts for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states have documented an increasing proportion of cases among persons who reside outside the largest metropolitan areas (1,2). these findings, coupled with results of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevalence studies, have led to the development of hiv-related prevention and treatment services in smaller cities and rural areas. this report presents results of hiv-infection and aids surveillance in ... | 1992 | 1435678 |
| perceptions of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing services among hiv-positive persons not in medical care. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) counseling, testing, and referral (ctr) are provided in a wide variety of settings. | 2005 | 15788917 |
| hiv risk behaviors and testing history in historically black college and university settings. | from 2001 through 2005, african americans accounted for the largest percentage of new cases of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in all age categories, especially among people aged 13 to 24 years. although students attending historically black colleges and universities (hbcus) report many of the behaviors that promote hiv transmission, their risk behaviors and hiv testing practices have not been well-characterized. we compared the demographic and behav ... | 2008 | 19166095 |
| efficacy of sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus sexual risk-reduction intervention for african american adolescent females seeking sexual health services: a randomized controlled trial. | to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to reduce incident sexually transmitted disease (std) and enhance std/human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-preventive behaviors and psychosocial mediators. | 2009 | 19996048 |
| keepin' it r.e.a.l.!: results of a mother-adolescent hiv prevention program. | the concern that adolescents may be placing themselves at risk for contracting hiv has led to widespread public and parental support for hiv prevention programs. several programs on increasing communication between parents and teenagers have been tested, but the study of the impact of these programs on resulting sexual behavior is lacking. | 2006 | 16439928 |
| differences in rates of diarrhea in patients with human immunodeficiency virus receiving lopinavir-ritonavir or nelfinavir. | to determine and compare rates of diarrhea in patients receiving an antiretroviral regimen containing lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfinavir and in patients who received these drugs sequentially. | 2004 | 15222662 |
| prenatal hiv testing and antiretroviral prophylaxis at an urban hospital--atlanta, georgia, 1997-2000. | in 1994, the u.s. public health service (usphs) recommended the use of zidovudine (zdv) to reduce perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission; in 1995, usphs recommended universal prenatal hiv counseling and voluntary testing. widespread implementation of these recommendations, together with increased use of antiretroviral therapy (art) and scheduled cesarean delivery, has resulted in substantial declines in perinatal hiv transmission. however, perinatal hiv transmission continues ... | 2004 | 14704648 |
| comparison of frequency of active infective endocarditis by echocardiography in patients with bacteremia with and without human immunodeficiency virus. | | 2003 | 12804746 |
| a dangerous liaison: tuberculosis and hiv. | tuberculosis (tb) flourishes where there is poverty, malnutrition, overcrowding, and deficient health care. worldwide, 1 billion 1,722 people are infected with dormant tb. 9-11 million people have active tb predominately in asia, africa, and latin america, and almost 3 million people die of tb annually including 1/2 million of children. who estimates that 4.5 million people are coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and tb in whom active tb can flare up because of weakened imm ... | 1992 | 12286182 |
| hiv-infected women's experiences and beliefs related to azt therapy during pregnancy. | to explore women's experiences and beliefs concerning zidovudine (azt) therapy during pregnancy, short-answer and open-ended questions were asked of 322 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected women at increased risk for pregnancy. specifically, we examined what women believed they had been told concerning azt therapy during pregnancy by health care professionals and peers, experiences with taking azt, how effective they believed azt therapy to be, and if they would take azt if they became p ... | 2001 | 11359662 |
| human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence trends: five hospitals in south georgia, 1993 through 1997. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroprevalence surveys help determine the extent of hiv and the need for routine hiv counseling and testing. we sought to describe trends in five south georgia hospitals and compare two protocols for conducting anonymous hiv surveys. | 2001 | 11332910 |
| identification of non-b human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes in rural georgia. | as part of an ongoing molecular epidemiological investigation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) in rural georgia, the 5' half of reverse transcriptase (rt) genotypes from 30 patients was sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. two patients, ga132 and ga169, were infected with pol sequences of non-b subtype origin that were found to cluster phylogenetically with subtype a-e of thai origin. sliding window bootstrap analysis of ga169 showed clear evidence of a/b recombination within t ... | 2001 | 11106540 |
| predictors of hiv antibody testing among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. | to identify factors related to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibody testing among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. | 2000 | 10734272 |
| blood issues update: minimizing the risk of transfusion-associated hiv infection. american hospital association technical advisory task force on blood resources. | in march 1987, the centers for disease control (cdc) (atlanta), identified individuals who received multiple transfusions collected in high risk areas before april 1985 (when a blood screening test became available) as a group at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the exact number of individuals in this risk group is unknown but thought to be small. nevertheless, this problem has attracted the attention of the president's commission on the hiv epidemic which, in its final report ... | 1989 | 10314380 |
| serosurvey of human immunodeficiency virus infection in parturients. implications for human immunodeficiency virus testing programs of pregnant women. | although perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is well documented, seroprevalence rates of hiv in populations of women of reproductive age have not yet been reported. to determine the seroprevalence of hiv in childbearing women from a population with a high incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cord blood samples were collected from 602 infants delivered at an inner-city municipal hospital in new york. demographic and hiv risk factor information was also col ... | 1987 | 3312662 |
| routine antepartum human immunodeficiency virus infection screening in an inner-city population. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection occurs disproportionately among inner-city minority women of reproductive age. once pregnant, these women have a high risk of delivering infants with perinatally acquired infection. identification and counseling of hiv-infected parturients may be an effective means of preventing perinatal hiv infection. few data are available on the seroprevalence of hiv infection in the inner-city population or on the clinical and demographic determinants of risk. to ... | 1989 | 2761902 |
| universal precautions to prevent hiv transmission to health care workers: an economic analysis. | the universal precautions recommended by the us centers for disease control (cdc), atlanta, for the prevention of hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) transmission to health care workers are widely accepted, despite little documentation of their effectiveness and efficiency. we reviewed the evidence on the risk of hiv transmission to hospital workers and the effectiveness of the universal precautions. we also evaluated the costs of implementing the recommendations in a 450-bed acute care teaching ... | 1990 | 2158390 |
| anonymous human immunodeficiency virus surveillance and clinically directed testing in a newark, nj, hospital. | from september 1988 to august 1989, in a university hospital in newark, nj, 3529 serum and plasma specimens from patients with admitting conditions presumably not associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection (centers for disease control, atlanta, ga, sentinel hospital surveillance system criteria) were tested anonymously for the presence of type 1 hiv (hiv-1) antibody. of these specimens, 269 (7.6%) were confirmed hiv-1 seropositive. overall, 10.3% of male patients and 4.8% of fe ... | 1991 | 2025145 |
| acceptance of rapid hiv screening in a southeastern emergency department. | the objective was to assess the acceptance of an emergency department (ed) human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) screening program based on the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) recommendations for routine hiv screening in health care settings. | 2009 | 20053236 |