| two new rhabdoviruses (rhabdoviridae) isolated from birds during surveillance for arboviral encephalitis, northeastern united states. | two novel rhabdoviruses were isolated from birds during surveillance for arboviral encephalitis in the northeastern united states. the first, designated farmington virus, is a tentative new member of the vesiculovirus genus. the second, designated rhode island virus, is unclassified antigenically, but its ultrastructure and size are more similar to those of some of the plant rhabdoviruses. both viruses infect birds and mice, as well as monkey kidney cells in culture, but their importance for hum ... | 2002 | 12023919 |
| phylogenetic analysis of buggy creek virus: evidence for multiple clades in the western great plains, united states of america. | we present the first detailed phylogenetic analysis of buggy creek virus (bcrv), a poorly known alphavirus with transmission cycles involving a cimicid swallow bug (oeciacus vicarius) vector and cliff swallows (petrochelidon pyrrhonota) and house sparrows (passer domesticus) as the principal avian hosts. nucleotide sequences of a 2,075-bp viral envelope glycoprotein-coding region, covering the entire pe2 gene, were determined for 33 bcrv isolates taken from swallow bugs at cliff swallow colonies ... | 2006 | 16936062 |
| avian communal roosts as amplification foci for west nile virus in urban areas in northeastern united states. | west nile virus (wnv) perpetuates in an enzootic transmission cycle involving culex mosquitoes and virus-competent avian hosts. in the northeastern united states, the enzootic vectors, cx. pipiens and cx. restuans, feed preferentially on american robins (turdus migratorius), suggesting a key role for this bird species in the wnv transmission cycle. we examined the role of american robin communal roosts as virus amplification foci in greater new haven, connecticut. robin communal roosts were loca ... | 2010 | 20134014 |
| molecular evolution of west nile virus in a northern temperate region: connecticut, usa 1999-2008. | west nile virus (wnv) has become firmly established in northeastern us, reemerging every summer since its introduction into north america in 1999. to determine whether wnv overwinters locally or is reseeded annually, we examined the patterns of viral lineage persistence and replacement in connecticut over 10 consecutive transmission seasons by phylogenetic analysis. in addition, we compared the full protein coding sequence among wnv isolates to search for evidence of convergent and adaptive evol ... | 2011 | 21723580 |
| vector-host interactions of culiseta melanura in a focus of eastern equine encephalitis virus activity in southeastern virginia. | eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) causes a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of severe illness in humans and equines in the eastern usa. culiseta (cs.) melanura is the primary vector of eeev in most geographic regions but its feeding patterns on specific avian and mammalian hosts are largely unknown in the mid-atlantic region. the objectives of our study were to: 1) identify avian hosts of cs. melanura and evaluate their potential role in ... | 2015 | 26327226 |
| arboviruses in north dakota, 2003-2006. | to investigate arbovirus transmission in north dakota, we collected and screened mosquitoes for viral infection by vero cell culture assay. seven viruses were isolated from 13 mosquito species. spatial and temporal distributions of the important vectors of west nile virus (wnv), cache valley virus, jamestown canyon virus (jcv), and trivittatus virus are reported. snowshoe hare virus, potosi virus, and western equine encephalomyelitis virus were also isolated. the risks of culex tarsalis and aede ... | 2014 | 25487728 |
| serological evidence for eastern equine encephalitis virus activity in white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus, in vermont, 2010. | serum samples from 489 free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were screened for antibodies against the eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) using plaque reduction neutralization tests (prnts). eeev antibodies were detected in 10.2% of serum samples. this is the first evidence that eeev is present in vermont. serum was collected from deer in all 14 counties in the state, and positive eeev sera were found in 12 (85%) of 14 counties, suggesting statewide eeev activity in vermon ... | 2012 | 23208886 |
| habitat associations of eastern equine encephalitis transmission in walton county florida. | eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev; family togaviridae, genus alphavirus) a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne virus is endemic to eastern north america. the ecology of eeev in florida differs from that in other parts of the united states; eeev in the northeastern united states is historically associated with freshwater wetlands. no formal test of habitat associations of eeev in florida has been reported. geographical information sciences (gis) was used in conjunction with sentinel chicken ee ... | 0 | 22679885 |