| evolution of rattlesnakes (viperidae; crotalus) in the warm deserts of western north america shaped by neogene vicariance and quaternary climate change. | during pleistocene, the laurentide ice sheet rearranged and diversified biotic distributions in eastern north america, yet had minimal physical impact in western north america where lineage diversification is instead hypothesized to result from climatic changes. if pleistocene climatic fluctuations impacted desert species, the latter would reflect patterns of restricted gene flow concomitant with indications of demographic bottlenecks. accordingly, molecular evidence for refugia should be presen ... | 2006 | 16968275 |
| snake venom poisoning in southern california. | the annual incidence of rattlesnake bite in southern california is approximately 1 per 75,000 population. the case fatality rate is 1.5 per cent. the snakes implicated in the greatest number of injuries are the southern pacific rattlesnake, the red diamond rattlesnake and the sidewinder. rattlesnake venom produces deleterious changes in the blood cells, defects in blood coagulation, injury to the intimal linings of vessels, damage to the heart muscle, alterations in the respiratory cycle and, to ... | 1960 | 13744840 |
| north-south regional variation in phospholipase a activity in the venom of crotalus ruber. | 1. twenty-seven individual venoms from the rattlesnake species crotalus ruber from different regions were comparatively analyzed by reverse-phase hplc and analyzed for phospholipase a (pla) content using a polarographic assay. 2. two fractions containing pla activity were detected by hplc in the venoms of all the c. ruber specimens from southern baja, mexico, but specimens from southern california, u.s.a., were lacking corresponding fractions and were extremely low or lacking in pla activity in ... | 1992 | 1458838 |