| experimental infection of california birds with western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viruses. | a total of 27 bird species from the san joaquin and coachella valleys of california were inoculated subcutaneously with sympatric strains of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses. overall, 133 of 164 birds inoculated with wee virus developed a viremia detected by plaque assay; significantly greater than 72 of 163 birds inoculated with sle virus. host competence was calculated as the average number of days that each avian species had a viremia > or = 2 lo ... | 2003 | 14765678 |
| survey of birds and lizards for ixodid ticks (acari) and spirochetal infection in northern california. | a total of 138 birds (24 species) was captured in an oak woodland between december 1988 and june 1989 at the university of california, sierra foothill range field station, yuba county, calif. ticks were not found on 71 birds captured between december 1988 and march 1989. five subadult ixodes pacificus cooley & kohls were removed from 3 of 67 birds caught between april and june 1989. these three birds, an orange-crowned warbler (vermivora celata (say], a lazuli bunting (passerina amoena (say], an ... | 1990 | 2280384 |
| migratory birds and the dispersal of arboviruses in california. | each spring large numbers of neotropical migrants traversing the pacific flyway pass through the coachella valley enroute to northern destinations, providing an opportunity to test the hypothesis that mosquito-borne encephalitis viruses are introduced annually into california by migratory birds. a total of 5,632 sera were collected from 43 species of migrants during spring (april-june), of which 34 (0.61%) comprised of 14 species tested positive by enzyme immunoassay; only 10 were confirmed by p ... | 2010 | 20889869 |